1、Edition 4Know,now Human augmentationPhotographer:Omkaar KotediaWelcomeJames Young,a biological scientist,was 22 when he fell under a train in a freak accident.He needed 12 operations to rebuild his face and body before an extraordinary experiment fitted him with a bionic arm equipped with laser ligh

2、t,flashlight,USB port,watch and detachable drone.His new arm was designed by Sophie De Oliveira Barata,creator of the Alternative Limb Project,and combined ground-breaking technology with state-of-the-art aesthetics to provide a design that reflected Jamess passion for gaming.But human augmentation

3、to enhance human capability is not new.Today,millions of people engage in augmentation to improve their lives.While science fiction depicts the practice as futuristic half-man,half-machine lore,the reality is often much less extreme.For industries such as construction,human augmentation can help mak

4、e jobs safer,enhance productivity and address labor shortages.Exoskeletons,for example,improve productivity by reducing stress on the body,causing less pain and fatigue.According to Report Ocean,the human augmentation market will be worth approximately 400 billion dollars by 2027.For enterprises and

5、 CSPs,it presents a whole new level of expectation where tech evolves at the speed of physiology.While many human augmentation technologies are in their infancy,advancements in AI,IoT,and superfast connectivity will accelerate their development as we move toward the 6G era.This report provides insig

6、hts into four types of human augmentation and what they mean for enterprises and CSPs.Photographer:Omkaar KotediaIn this issueBe in the know,now,by understanding:Whats happening Why it matters Who to watch How to be preparedPioneering prosthetics:External physicalInside information:Internal physical

7、Brain boosters:Internal cognitiveRealworld telekinesis:External cognitive1.2.3.4.The four types of human augmentationAdapted from Introducing Homo augmentus-Nokia Bell LabsClick the quadrants to explore the four types of human augmentation.External physical Technologies,tools and machines that becom

8、e physical extensions of our bodies-such as prosthetic limbs and exoskeletons.Internal physical Embedded devices continuously monitor and enhance our inner bodies,including detecting diseases and tracking and managing epidemics.External cognitiveTechnologies that extend our brains domain of control

9、far outside the body allowing us to manipulate our environment at a distance.Internal cognitiveAI-physiological interfaces will improve mental focus,expand memory,increase speed of decision-making and ease learning of new tasks.Pioneering prostheticsTech,tools and machines that become physical exten

10、sions of our bodiesHuman augmentationExternal physicalWhats happeningPioneering prosthetics:External physical1234Robotic augmentation|Computer vision|Digital age prostheticsTools and machines humans have used for centuries are pairing harmoniously with the body to support those with disabilities and

11、 improve working environments,while advances in technology and connectivity are transforming how we work and what we can do.We now have tech that can replicate and augment compromised human ability.From prosthetic limbs to exoskeletons,these technologies can make us faster,stronger,and more resilien

12、t transforming the lives of people with disabilities while offering greater productivity at work for all employees,lowering the risk of injuries and much more.1Why it mattersPioneering prosthetics:External physicalSmart tech and robotics are enhancing everyday life Today,smart technology and robotic

13、s are becoming increasingly connected,interconnected,intelligent,and affordable helping those with poor vision with the click of a button or predicting the natural body language of a person wearing an exoskeleton,allowing safe and precise handling and movement.3D printing has dramatically helped the

14、 augmentation field,with companies such as Open Bionics assisting everyday amputees to gain access to previously unobtainable limbs.Using 3D printing reduces costs and ensures designs are freely available online to people across the world.1Who to watchPioneering prosthetics:External physicalExoskele

15、tons|Electronic eyewear|Haptic suits|3D-printed fingertips Add strength and endurance in the workplace A game-changer in industrial manufacturing,construction,and distribution,the Guardian XO full-body exoskeleton combines human intelligence,instinct,and judgment with power,endurance,and machine pre

16、cision.Employing over 125 integrated sensors to detect environmental conditions and the operators movement,Guardian XO enables the operator to lift and manipulate up to 200 pounds without fatigue or strain.Read moreeSight achieves up to 20/20 visual acuityElectronic eyewear such as eSight aids and e

17、mpowers a person with visual impairment.Featuring mobile and cloud-based capabilities,eSight uses an advanced camera,smart algorithms,and high-resolution screens,maximizing the visual information provided to the brain to compensate for gaps in the users field of view.Read moreDeaf and hard-of-hearin

18、g music fans no longer play second fiddle At the Mighty Hoopla Festival,Vodafone unveiled 5G-enabled haptic suits that enable deaf and hard-of-hearing music fans to experience live music.A world first,the wearable tech features 24 touch-points around the suit,allowing fans to feel the music through

19、vibrations to provide a multi-sensory experience.Meanwhile,DoCoMo has developed Feel Tech,using haptic sensors,electronic signals,and their Human Augmentation Platform to simulate physical interaction with virtual objects.Read moreThe future at your fingertips The University of Bristol,UK,claims tha

20、t 3D-printed fingertips could“significantly improve”prosthetic hands.Researchers at the university found that the new fingertip could produce artificial nerve signals that mimic those of humans.The researchers hope to one day make artificial skin indistinguishable from natural skin.Read more1Pioneer

21、ing prosthetics:External physicalStay in touch with emerging tech:Influencers like bionic pop artist Viktoria Modesta are already experimenting with how it blends with prosthetics.Be aware of changing expectations:With smart technology and robotics increasingly integrated into our daily lives,these

22、devices will soon demand more reliable and robust connectivity in public spaces and the home.Trust in the tech:Losing connectivity for example,when using exoskeletons in the workplace to lift jeopardizes safety gains.5G-Advanced will support applications with enhanced mobility,greater uplink capacit

23、y,and,most importantly,dependability.1.2.3.Stay current to stay aheadHow to be preparedEmbedded devices continuously monitor and enhance our inner bodiesHuman augmentationInside informationInternal physicalWhats happeningInside information:Internal physical134Digital medicine|Health monitoringTechno

24、logy is bringing the power of the laboratory home repairing,monitoring and enhancing our inner bodies.The concept of humans having near-perfect knowledge of their health via sensors embedded beneath the skin is intriguing,allowing us to detect diseases,intervene,and track and manage epidemics.Severa

25、l studies have already found that wearables such as the Oura Ring,Fitbit,and Apple Watch detect early signs of infections.22Why it mattersInside information:Internal physicalMonitoring health and well-being has never been so importantWith healthcare costs continuing to skyrocket,remote patient monit

26、oring will help patients stay home and cut medical costs.At the same time,developing advanced sensor technologies has facilitated the increase in wearable devices,which are expected to account for the largest share of the human augmentation market.The American Medical Association recently reported t

27、hat 10%of Americans will have some device implanted into their bodies during their lifetimes.With bioacoustics and biomechanical sensors,we can tap into the inner workings of our bodies.Whether its a heartbeat,inhalation of air,or the churning mechanics of our digestive system,the body constantly co

28、mmunicates for those able to hear it.Meanwhile,integrating non-invasive smart implants presents unprecedented opportunities in healthcare,assisting in managing chronic conditions and orthopedic and dental surgery,among others.“10%of Americans will have some device implanted into their bodies during

29、their lifetimes.”The American Medical AssociationWho to watch2Inside information:Internal physicalDigital twins|Integrated optoelectronics|CGM sensor A digital twin of human immunity A digital twin of the immune system is expected to offer precision medicine for various ailments,including cancer,aut

30、oimmune disease,and viral infections like COVID-19.Still in its early phases,this multi-university project has the potential to open up a whole new frontier of precision medicine.Read moreThe small matter of affordable OCTOptical coherence tomography(OCT)is a 3D imaging technique that allows doctors

31、 to see inside the body using light beams.Nokia Bell Labs has leveraged decades of research in integrated optoelectronics to create the worlds first integrated OCT system:an affordable technology initially applied to EarSpec,a cost-effective diagnostic tool for middle-ear ailments,from ear infection

32、s to traumatic hearing damage.Read moreConnected implants to manage diabetes Last year,the U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approved a new continuous glucose monitor(CGM)for diabetes with a sensor lasting up to six months.Known as the Eversense E3 System,the implant is currently the longest-last

33、ing CGM approved worldwide.It collects and interprets data,such as sugar levels and trends,before displaying that data to the wearer via smartphone alerts.Read moreHow to be preparedBuild a better future:Personalized networks that connect the devices we wear will need to be built,providing low-laten

34、cy,high-fidelity,private and secure communication to join our physiological,physical and digital worlds.Power wearable adoption with cloud:Advanced techs,such as wearables and cloud-based AI,will require communication with cloud applications for real-time feedback relayed from one system to another.

35、1.2.3.2Inside information:Internal physicalDont lag:The next decade will see remarkable technological progress shaping life as we know it.Today,5G networks are increasingly connecting more than smartphones,bringing sensors,machines,and everything making up the Internet of Things into the network fol

36、d.Remote patient monitoring should accelerate as 5G networks reduce network lag.Networks meet the growing demands of human augmentationAI to improve mental focus,expand memory and quicken decision makingHuman augmentationBrainboostersInternal cognitive3Whats happeningBrain boosters:Internal cognitiv

37、e124Overcoming limitations|See more|Know moreAt some point in our lives,weve all wanted to improve mental focus,expand our memory,increase the speed of decision making and ease the learning of new tasks.Why can we remember the lyrics from songs of yesteryear but,at the same time,forget what we need

38、to buy as we enter a store?Human augmentations will merge the physical and digital worlds to increase our knowledge,decision-making speed,and how quickly we learn new tasks and plan our daily lives achieved by artificial intelligence in conjunction with our bodies through physiological interfaces.3W

39、hy it mattersBrain boosters:Internal cognitiveOpportunity seldom knocks twiceThe planet has come a long way with the help of technology,positively impacting people and businesses from all walks of life.Today,colleagues can connect across the globe while working from home,road maps and atlases no lon

40、ger clutter our bookshelves,and online shopping has given us more time to spend with family or catch up on our favorite shows.But an increasingly complex digital world puts an additional burden on humans to make more decisions and process more information than ever before.Augmenting our minds will a

41、im to scale human processing and decision-making abilities to match the availability of information and physical goods.Not only will this make our lives easier,but it will also allow us to utilize the productivity of previous technological gains fully.From aging baby boomers that cant stop staring a

42、t their phones to Gen Z,raised on social media and demanding more and more innovation,businesses will have unparalleled opportunities across many generations.3Who to watchWorkplace protection|AR eyeglasses|Visual Positioning SystemsArtificial Intelligence systems that see more San Franciscobased Vox

43、el uses state-of-the-art computer vision technology and AI integrated with existing security cameras to see high-risk activities in real time.The company has reduced on-site injuries by over 80%at its customer sites.Read moreNokia Scene Analytics combines computer vision technology with advanced ana

44、lytics to address safety,security,and operational efficiency challenges.By capturing and processing thousands of video and IoT streams in real time,the solution can identify an anomaly or threat,an object or person in the wrong place,or a process that isnt working correctly.Read moreElsewhere,freigh

45、t haulers are coming to terms with technology.Peterbilts trucks can have more than ten computers overseeing everything from steering to braking.If anything out of line occurs,such as the driver changing lanes suddenly,the truck can challenge the decision,often correcting it.Then there are the intern

46、al cameras contentious,perhaps,but protecting companies from liability in the event of an accident.Read moreEyeglasses that help us know more Google has produced eyeglasses that translate what someone is saying to you.The glasses use augmented reality and AI,so when a person speaks,the technology wi

47、ll translate and display the results live via the eyeglass frames.Read moreMeanwhile,Vuzix is collaborating with AmbiFi to make glasses for healthcare workers.The glasses will view clinical workflows,get hands-free access to peer-reviewed and approved procedures,and transcribe notes via speech recog

48、nition technology.Read moreWayfinding is made easy with augmented reality Google has developed a Visual Positioning System(VPS)that analyzes images from the Google Street View database.Using advanced machine-learning techniques,the VPS localization model consists of trillions of location points extr

49、acted from tens of billions of photos.Compared to a users smartphone camera image,it computes a devices position in less than a second.While Google is leveraging Street View images to provide digital navigation assistance,Overture Maps Foundation(OMF)is developing an open infrastructure where all ge

50、ographic data can be housed and organized for tomorrows AR digital overlay applications.Read moreBrain boosters:Internal cognitive3How to be prepared1.2.3.Have the competitive edge:Widespread adoption of real-time transmission and analyzing images will likely strain todays access networks.High-capac

51、ity data transmission and Edge cloud computing will facilitate real-time experiences and applications,especially as the number of active users and connected devices grows.Use AI to augment and assist human-driven processes and skills,not replace them:In a world where we require ultra-sensitive senso

52、rs and new physiological interfaces articulating our actions,AI/machine learning techniques will process the large amounts of data our augmentations generate.Transform the way you work with data Brain boosters:Internal cognitiveeDeploy a private wireless network:New types of networks will allow augm

53、entations to connect and interact with the world and each other.An industrial-grade private wireless network fast-tracks your ability to provide reliable connectivity for your people,machines and sensors.It will ensure safety and security and can achieve new quality,efficiency and productivity level

54、s.Human augmentationThe tech that manipulates our environment at a distanceRealworld telekinesisExternal cognitive4Whats happeningRealworld telekinesis:External cognitive123Remote robotics|Remote vehicle operations|HCI evolutionHuman-to-computer interaction has evolved from a keyboard,restrictive wi

55、red mouse,and bulky monitor to finger-swiping slimline screens.Reality is a three-dimensional experience,yet computer interfaces have been stuck in two dimensions for decades.Augmented and virtual reality are rapidly restyling the human-to-computer interface.Bi-directional interaction with computers

56、 in three dimensions will change how we live and work.Nokia Bell Labs Shannon Luminary Miguel Nicolelis,director of the Duke University Center for Neuroengineering,is making great strides in using non-invasive brain-machine interfaces to help people with paraplegia walk again.In the meantime,advance

57、ments in gesture control are transforming how we work and what we can do,allowing us to control remote objects both physical and digital as quickly and efficiently as we control our bodies.4Why it mattersRealworld telekinesis:External cognitiveActions speak louder than wordsNobody can argue that sma

58、rt technology hasnt made life easier.With facial recognition unlocking mobile phones and touch-free devices like Google Home and Alexa completing tasks,the popularity of these devices has soared in the post-pandemic era.Producing hands-free commerce could provide a considerable advantage.While voice

59、-activated technology currently dominates the market,in the future,a brainmachine interface(BMI)connecting the brains electrical activity and external devices such as computers or robotic limbs will simplify those tasks even further,even for people with severe disabilities.Who to watch Gesture contr

60、ol|Brain-computer interfaces|Emotion detectorsA small gesture can go a long way Gesture control in vehicles-designed to ensure drivers arent distracted while moving-will soon be a standard feature in all BMWs.The cars have predefined gestures for actions such as volume up and down,answer and decline

61、 a call.Sensors in the cars roof lining translate the hand gestures.Read moreMeanwhile,PepsiCos gesture-based project allows restaurant customers to order food by making gestures in front of a menu at a kiosk.Hand-tracking technology interprets the gestures and creates orders sent to the restaurants

62、 food-ordering system.Read moreLast but not least,we might still be a little way off Minority Report,but Tap Strap 2 is an air gesture controller that registers your movements as you type on an invisible keyboard.Along with typing on any surface,you can turn commands into finger taps and air swipes

63、to control apps,games,and devices.Read moreOpening up communication pathways between the brain and computer Neuralink is creating the future of brain-computer interfaces.Designed to one day enable people to communicate more efficiently,Neuralinks initial goal is to help people with paralysis regain

64、independence by controlling computers and mobile devices using their brains.Read moreSynchron also specializes in brain-computer interfaces and has made such significant advancements in its microchip implants that a disabled man posted his first-ever tweet using direct thinking to the computer scree

65、n.Read moreEmotional state detection Researchers at the Queen Mary University of London use radio signals to predict emotions by analyzing subtle body movements such as breathing and heart rate.Subsequently,this research could open up many practical applications,especially in future smart home and b

66、uilding environments and human/robot interaction.Read more4Realworld telekinesis:External cognitive4Realworld telekinesis:External cognitive3.1.2.Tackle latency head-on:As more and more devices,people,and activities rely on digital interaction for physical results,latency poses a significant challen

67、ge.With the rise of immersive and interactive applications,including extended reality and,in the future,the metaverse reducing lag will be essential.Be prepared to meet customer demand:Within the next decade,as many as 50 billion devices online could be generating enormous amounts of data.While dist

68、ant data centers could accommodate centralized cloud-based solutions for that data,many devices will require nearby computing for real-time interaction.Edge computing lowers latency for the entire networkHow to be preparedDetermine whether your enterprise needs its own 5G network:It must deliver mis

69、sion-critical communications with designed-in features focusing on sustainability and efficiency,security and privacy,and resilience and agility.Human augmentation will allow us to be more humanHuman augmentationHuman needs have always been the drivers of technology innovation,from opportunities for

70、 the elderly to live independently,to be smarter,safer,and more mobile,or to replace injured or missing limbs.Thats why theres a growing demand for AI-powered wearable devices,the availability of fast processing chipsets,the miniaturization of sensors,brain-computer interfaces,and nanotechnology.Thr

71、ough biosensors and biocompatible materials,well achieve an astonishing level of augmentation via emerging AI technologies and advances in 5G-Advanced communications.Seemingly impossible just a few years ago,cloud-based,AI-as-a-service platforms provide incredible opportunities for businesses of all

72、 sizes.Our minds will be enhanced,and well be able to monitor our physiological states through cognitive and internal augmentation performing new physical feats and shaping our environments through external and physical augmentations.Unobtrusive augmentations will connect us to the people and things

73、 we care about most,easing the stresses of an often chaotic modern world.It will give us the time to be more human,even if that involves spending more time in the metaverse.Digital twins will enable us to improve and optimize production processes via accurate information,while extended reality(both

74、VR and AR)will facilitate the fusion of digital and physical worlds.With higher network performance and cloud consumability,technological complexity fades into the background for a more inclusive and prosperous society.Human augmentation3.4.5.1.2.AI developments create a surge of new augmentation us

75、es dramatically increased availability and understanding of artificial intelligence leads to solutions and human augmentation applications unimaginable even a few years ago.Next-gen networks unlock human opportunities flexible,software-driven networks provide high-fidelity,private,and secure communi

76、cation to allow augmentations to connect and interact with the world and each other.Data processing at the edge can transform human potential location flexibility delivered by cloud processing can lower data crunching and round-trip time,facilitating data-intensive tasks and turbocharging an augment

77、ed workforce.Partnerships provide the backbone to human augmentation the demand for greater experiences and productivity requires a blend of technologies and expertise.No one can realize the full potential of digital alone.Evolution will propel customer expectations to the next level the evolution a

78、nd accessibility of 5G through to 6G,together with advances in AI and wearable technologies,will exponentially raise consumer and business expectations.Humans have always sought to augment themselves and in the last few years technology and innovation are pointing to a future where digital and physi

79、cal realms converge.Its a sea change that enterprises and CSPs should stay abreast of,or risk getting left behind.Five takeaways you need to know,nowNokia OYJKarakaari 702610 EspooFinlandDocument code:CID:#213119About NokiaAt Nokia,we create technology that helps the world act together.As a B2B tech

80、nology innovation leader,we are pioneering networks that sense,think and act by leveraging our work across mobile,fixed and cloud networks.In addition,we create value with intellectual property and long-term research,led by the award-winning Nokia Bell Labs.Service providers,enterprises and partners worldwide trust Nokia to deliver secure,reliable and sustainable networks today and work with us to create the digital services and applications of the future.2023 Nokia