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世界经济形势与展望（英文版）（24页）.pdf

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世界经济形势与展望（英文版）（24页）.pdf

1、World Economic Situationand Prospects as of mid-2021United NationsNew York2021#page#World Economic Situationand Prospects as of mid-2021SummaryGlobal growth prospects have improved against the backdrop of rapid vaccination roloutsin afew large economies.Following asharp contraction of3.6 per cent in

2、 2020 the globaeconomy is now projected to expand by 54 per cent in 2021.While the word economyis treading towards a recovery the pandemic is far from over for a majority of countries.Daily new infections were higher in Apri 2021 than the number of new infections reporteddaily during the peak of the

3、 pandemic in December 2020.The stark disparity in vaccinationaibely pue uaAaun ue Jo sl snouas e sasod suobal pue salnunos uaamaq abelaAorecovery of the world economy. Timely and universal access to COVID-19 vaccinations willremain a key toolfor beating the pandemicand putting the world economy on t

4、he path ofanindusive and resilientrecoveryRobust growth in theUnitedStatesand China has improved prospectsforaglobalrecoverybut this will unlikely be sufficient to lift the rest of the worlds economies. The economicoutlook for the countries in South Asia， Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America and the

5、Caribbean remains fragile and uncertain. With the risks of a prolonged pandemic andinsufficient fiscal space to stimulate demand the worlds most vunerable Countries areonly projected to return to prepandemic levels in 2022 or 2023.caregivers and essential service providers-have been at the forefront

6、 of the fight againstthe pandemicJob and income losses have been higher for women as more women thanmen left the workforce to meet family demands. Womens health and reproductive healthsuffered massive blows. unintended pregnancies increased. mothehood was delayedxulenba Japuab splemo ssaboid uluuuap

7、un AueyHuoyspadnusip uoenpa pueWomen also faced increased genderbased violence and women entrepreneurs weredisproportionately affected by business closures, further widening gender gaps in incomeand wealth. These severe and disproportionate impacts on women and girs cal for moretargeted policies and

8、support measuresnotonly to acceleratethe recovery butalso to ensurethattherecovery is inclusiveand resilient.The presentdocumentupdates WordEconomic Situationand Prospects 2021(United Nations publication Sales中加#page#ContentsSummaryGlobalmacroeconomic trends.Global overview.Pandemic disrupted labour

9、 markets worldwideDisconnect between liquidity and investment.Favourable tailwind for global trade but a smooth sail uncertain10Financialstability risks loomlarge11More targeted policyinterventions needed11The pandemic disproportionately affectedwomen11Women are highly exposed and yet underprotected

10、.13A baby bustposes an additional risk3Giris education in jeopardy14Women losing employmentand leaving thelabour force5Women entrepreneurship facing a severe blow.5Poorer in money and in time6Gender-blind economic policies ignore the specific needs of women.17Gender-based policies for accelerating r

11、ecovery and building resilience8Regional economic outlook.18Developed economies19Economies intransition.Developing countries.19Africa.20EastAsia21South Asia21WesternAsia.22Latin America and the Caribbean.22References.#page#TablesGrowth of world outputand gross domestic product 2019-2022.17Number ofg

12、overment measures in response to COVD-19.bytype andcounty groupingFiguresGobal progressonCOVD19vaccnationNumberofdosesadministeredHAggregateoutputgrowthofcountriesbysectorofeconomicdependence5Impact ofthe pandemic on women and employment by sectorV6VInvestment growth in developedeconomiesdecomposed

13、by asset typeV8Investment growth in selected G20 economies9VI12VlShare ofCOVD-19confrmedcases and deathsbygender and country groupingXDifferences in labourforceparticipation raterelativeto 2019in selectedregionsby gender5XBusinessdosure rate bygenderand country groupiingMayy 2020.m.#page#Global macr

14、oeconomic trendsGlobal overviewGlobalgrowth prospects haveimprovedsincethebeginningoftheyearagainsthebackdropoftherapidroloutofCOVID-19vaccinationinafew largeeconomies.including inthe UnitedSttes and China.Thepandemic is howeverfarfrom overforthevastmajority ofcountrieswhere the number of confirmed

15、cases is highand in some cases stil rising.The globalplemdn ue Bueu（aqe） LZOZ uua adt Kq puedxa o paoalod Mou stKuouoarevisionfromthe4.7percentgrowthforecastinthe WordEconomcSituationandProspects（WESP）2021、Astonger growh outook for China and theUnted States ofAmerica-te two largest economies-underpi

16、ns the upward revision. The United States,with rapid vaccinations.additional fiscal stimulus and the reopening of theeconomy.is projected to grow by 6.2 percent in 2021-the fastestrate of growth since 1966.Buoyed bya strong recovery in exportsandrobustdomesticdemand China isexpectedtogrowby8.2percen

17、tin 2021.Theoutlookis,however less optimistic for the rest of the worlds economies.Europe-still struggling toContain thesecondwaveofthepandemic-is projectedto grow by only 4.1 percentin 2021which wil barely make up forthe outputlosses in 2020The growth outlook is also bleak for a large number of cou

18、ntries in Africa South Asiaas well as Latin America and the Caribbean where the pandemic is still raging.India，withdaily new infections averaging over 300000 during the third week of April is now the newhotbed of the pandemic. The worst is far from over for Brazil Argentina. Peru.and Colom-bia. The

19、total number of new infections is higher for 99 countries in April 2021 relative tothe number of new infections recorded during the last peak of the pandemic in December2020. For a vast majority of developing countries.economic output will remain below 2019levels for most of 2021.Amid insufficient f

20、iscal space to stimulate demand many of thesecountries willfacelow andstagnantgrowthand theprospectofalostdecadeTimely and universal access to COVID-19 vaccines will remain critical for ensuringbroad-based and inclusive recovery of the world economy. widespread vaccinations willhelp to create herd i

21、mmunity and allow reopening and resumption of economic activities.Butthe starkand growing disparity in vaccination coveragebetween countries -and grow-ing vaccine nationalism-willseverely undermine globalrecovery efforts.As of 24 Apri 2021.1.01 billion vaccine doses have been administered globally w

22、iththe United States. the United Kingdom and China collectively accounting for nearly 50 percent of all the doses administered wordwide. Only about 1 in 10 people worldwide havereceived a vaccine shot s0 far (figure D. The vaccination rate is only 1 in 100 in Africa.Securing vaccines for their citiizens willl remain a dauntiing challenge for many developing

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世界经济形势与展望（英文版）（24页）.pdf

世界经济形势与展望（英文版）（24页）.pdf