1、Global Future Industry Index JAN 20242023PREFACEThe Global Future Industry Index(GFII)is a research initiative crafted by ICV TA&K,bolstered by support from esteemed organizations such as WIPO,OECD,and IRENA.This study,underpinned by rigorous secondary research,data collation from diverse institutio

2、ns,and interviews with domain experts in biotechnology,green energy,and advanced information technologies,seeks to comprehensively assess the capabilities of over 20 countries and regions across future industry layout,development,innovation investment,and environmental sustainability.Future industri

3、es,in this context,are defined as forward-looking and strategically significant sectors involving technology,innovation,and societal advancement.These industries encompass emerging technologies,inventive business models,and sectors with profound impacts on society,the economy,and the environment.Our

4、 research focuses on key domains such as artificial intelligence,biotechnology,green energy,humanoid robotics,high-performance computing,quantum information,neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence,and advanced communications.The development of these fields significantly shapes industrial structur

5、es,employment dynamics,and global competitiveness.Through the deployment of this index,our objective is to furnish invaluable insights to global decision-makers,business leaders,and investors concerning the performance and developmental trajectories of nations in the realm of future industries.We ex

6、press our gratitude for the adept composition by the ICV TA&K team and acknowledge the pivotal role played by all experts involved in this research,contributing their time,insights,and specialized knowledge to the formulation of this index.Research TeamSamuel ThompsonAmelia TurnerSebastian RamosIsab

7、ella WrightBrown AlexanderJoshua AndersonHuber ClemensJennifer CollinsVincent DaviesKitty LimOwen DavisSamuel LynchCaroline MitchellAcknowledgementWe are grateful to the institutions who offered us support,including but not limited to:Special thanks to the organizations for their collaborations:CONT

8、ENTS01 Executive Summary.0102 Introduction:Tech Evolution,Global Impact.04 How do we define the future industry of 2023?.05 Methodology:The Global Future Industry Index in 2023.0603 Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives Ranking.09 Innovation Ecosystem and Technological Capab

9、ility.13 Industry Diversity and Emerging Industries.14 Sustainability and Environment.15 Talent and Education.16 International Collaboration and Adaptability to Trends.1704 Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:Future City 20.1805 Comprehensive Analysis and Ranking of Future Industries.21 Quantum

10、Information.22 Deep Space and Deep Sea.25 AI.29 Controllable Nuclear Fusion.32 Humanoid Robot.35 Neuroscience and NeuromorphicIntelligence.38 Advanced Connectivity.43 Biotechnology.4706 Conclusion.5007 References.5101Executive Summary01Executive summaryFuture industries emerge after major technologi

11、cal innovations,disrupting existing markets,shaping new demands,influencing policy-making,and redefining economic and social structures.When compared to strategic new industries,it more accurately represents the fresh direction of future technological and industrial advancement,and it assumes a pivo

12、tal,supporting,and leading role in economic and social transformations.In recent years,the future industry has become a new competitive frontier for major nations worldwide,and countries are actively charting their future industrial development.Compared to the 2022 rankings,the overall rankings of t

13、he United States and China remain unchanged,remaining in the top two.The rankings of the United Kingdom,South Korea,Germany,and the Netherlands have all increased,while Switzerland,Japan,and Singapore have declined to some extent.Among them,the United States maintains a leading position in multiple

14、fields,China ranks first in talent and education,Sweden ranks first in sustainability and environment,and Switzerland ranks first in international cooperation and trend adaptability.2023 GFII Ranking Update:The United States and China remain in the top two,with fluctuating rankings in multiple count

15、ries and the release of field champions.The comprehensive ranking of cities reflects the comprehensive strength of future industries.In 2023,San Francisco remained at the top of the list,leading in fields such as AI.However,quantum information and deep space and deep sea need to be strengthened.Lond

16、on jumped to second place,standing out in neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence and deep space and deep sea.Beijing,Munich,Boston,and other cities have strong technological innovation capabilities.The United States has the most cities on the list,followed closely by China.Each city has advantag

17、es in different fields,demonstrating the diversity of global innovation patterns.2023 City Comprehensive Ranking:Leading Cities in the Global Science and Technology Innovation Pattern and Diversified Competition.As a hot topic in the technology industry in 2023,the AI industry and language models ha

18、ve achieved remarkable results.Open AI,Google,Microsoft,and other companies have successively launched their own large model products,promoting the establishment of the AI ecosystem and multimodal innovation.The quantum information industry also made breakthrough progress in 2023.2023 Technology Twi

19、n Stars Shine:Breakthrough Progress in AI Large Models and Quantum Information.01Executive summarySuperconducting quantum bit technology and quantum superfusion have become the technological trends in quantum computing.Quantum communication protocols and technologies,as well as quantum key distribut

20、ion technology,have also been widely applied and promoted,providing more possibilities for the future development of quantum communication.Since 2023,the popularity of the humanoid robots industry has continued to rise.With the continuous evolution of Tesla Optimus,it marks a breakthrough in a serie

21、s of core technologies of humanoid robots,providing more possibilities for its commercialization.In terms of Controlled nuclear fusion,with its advantages of large energy release and sufficient raw material reserves,it is expected to become the optimal solution for nuclear energy.Governments and ent

22、erprises around the world have increased their investment in developing controllable nuclear fusion energy projects,constructing fusion energy test reactors,and promoting the research and commercialization of controllable nuclear fusion technology.New Technology Trends in 2023:Accelerated Commercial

23、ization of Humanoid Robots and R&D Rush for Controllable Nuclear Fusion.02Introduction:Tech Evolution,Global Impact02Introduction:Tech Evolution,Global ImpactHow do we define the future industry of 2023?This report selects eight future industries based on the 2023 technology hotspots,comprehensive c

24、onsiderations of industrial technological innovation and trends,market demand and trends,sustainability,and environmental protection,government policies and regulations,social and cultural changes,and more.The selected industries are quantum information,deep space and deep sea,AI,controllable nuclea

25、r fusion,humanoid robots,neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence,advanced connectivity,and biotechnology.The future industries can be divided into two categories:one comprises advanced industries that are already present and will remain integral to various industrial economies in the long term,su

26、ch as AI,advanced connectivity,and biotechnology.The other category consists of industries that are expected to grow into advanced industries within the next 10 to 15 years,including quantum information,deep space and deep sea,controlled nuclear fusion,humanoid robots,and neuroscience and neuromorph

27、ic intelligence.Compared to the future industries released in 2022,this report has added AI,deep space and deep sea,controllable nuclear fusion,and neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence,and removed the metaverse industry.The main reason for the adjustment is that in 2023,the concept of the meta

28、verse has become less hyped,and companies such as Tencent,Microsoft,Meta,and ByteDance have announced adjustments to their metaverse-related businesses.Additionally,it is crucial to further improve the infrastructure for building networks and high-performance computing power.Whether its broadband an

29、d computing power at the hardware level or AI,they are all frameworks for building the future metaverse,which may be the most essential aspect of the market.02Introduction:Tech Evolution,Global ImpactMethodology:The Global Future Industry Index in 2023Its the second annual comparative ranking that p

30、rovides dynamic updates and tracking of various sectors within the future industries each year.It comprehensively compares the layout and development of future industries,innovation investments,and environmental sustainability capabilities among over 20 countries and regions globally,collectively re

31、presenting approximately 75%of the global GDP.The index was developed through in-depth primary and secondary research processes.Secondary research involves continuous review of several hundred articles,research reports released by NGOs such as UNIDO&WIPO,government policy documents,and ongoing exami

32、nation of scientific literature.Primary research includes nearly 30 in-depth interviews with experts from various fields globally,including quantum scientists,biological scientists,and professionals in various scientific and research domains,technology experts,government policymakers,non-governmenta

33、l organization activists,as well as technology entrepreneurs and venture capitalists in various sectors of the future industries.This research process informed an evaluation and selection of distinct sets of country-level data to become the indicators of the Future Industry Index;the 2023 edition no

34、w comprises 15 such indicators.The indicator datasets were turned into ranked scores in one of two ways.For quantitative metrics,such as growth rates or values,each data point for each country was scaled up or down using minimum-maximum normalization to develop a range of scores across all countries

35、 for that indicator.For data that was largely qualitative or nonstandard,a ranking categorization system was developed,and each country was assigned a score.Once all 15 indicators were scored,they were organized into separate pillars.The data came from a wide range of latest publicly available sourc

36、es.These include the International Monetary Fund(IMF),the International Renewable Energy Agency(IRENA),the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD),the World Bank,the United Nations Food and Agriculture Association(FAO),the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO),and the N

37、ational Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST),The International Federation of Robotics(IFR)etc.In some cases,ICV TA&K researchers expanded and refined existing datasets,conducting additional cross-comparative country-level research to fill in data gaps,or to create rankings out of nonstandard

38、data.This was done specifically for several indicators in the future industry policy pillar,including the Policy Pivot,and in a new indicator added to this years index.As in past editions,the structure of GFII 2023 is made up of five pillars:Innovation Ecosystem and Technological Capability-This pil

39、lar measures the overall environment and proficiency of a region or entity in fostering innovation within its ecosystem and its technological capabilities.The indicators within this pillar include the following:R&D and Technology Investment:Evaluate the level of investment in research and technologi

40、cal innovation by countries or cities,including both government and corporateR&D expenditures.Attraction and Cultivation of Tech Talent:Examine the ability to attract and cultivate high-level tech talent,including talent strategies employed by research institutions and businesses.Start-up Activity:M

41、easure the number of start-ups,investment activities,and the presence and development of incubators,reflecting the vibrancy of the innovation ecosystem.Development of Innovation Ecosystem:Assess the construction and operation of technology parks,research centers,and technology innovation incubators

42、to support innovative development.Construction of Digital Infrastructure:Evaluate investments in digital technologies such as 5G and the Internet of Things(IoT)by cities or countries to support the digital economy and technological applications.Industry Diversity and Emerging Industries：-This pillar

43、 assesses the diversity of industries within a region or entity and its readiness to embrace emerging sectors.The indicators within this pillar include the following:Potential for Development in Emerging Industries:Assess the potential and innovation capabilities of future industries,including areas

44、 such as artificial intelligence,biotechnology,and new energy.Capability in Building Industrial Ecosystems:Evaluate the ability and level of countries or city clusters in building ecosystems for future industries.Industry Diversity:Evaluate the diversity of industrial structures in cities or countri

45、es,avoiding excessive reliance on a specific industry.Sustainability and Environment-This pillar measures the commitment and efforts of a region or entity in promoting sustainability and environmental conservation.The indicators measure the following:Utilization of Renewable Energy:Examine progress

46、in the utilization of renewable energy(solar,wind,etc.)by cities or countries.Environmental Policies and Ecological Protection:Evaluate government-issued environmental policies and ecological protection measures to ensure sustainable development.Talent and Education-This pillar measures the quality

47、of human resources and educational initiatives within a region or entity.The indicators measure the following:Cultivation of High-Tech Talent:Evaluate the quality and quantity of higher education institutions and tech training to ensure an adequate supply of high-quality talent.Innovative Education

48、and Vocational Training:Examine innovative education and vocational training programs that match industry needs,enhancing the innovation and practical application skills of talents.International Collaboration and Adaptability to Trends-This pillar measures the extent to which a region or entity enga

49、ges in global collaboration and adapts to emerging trends.This involves an analysis of partnerships,collaborations,and interactions with other nations or entities on an international scale.The indicators measure the following:International Innovation Collaboration:Measure the level of innovation col

50、laboration with other countries or cities,including research collaboration and technology exchange.Participation in International Industry Chains:Evaluate the degree of participation in international industry chains and global value chains to expand markets and strengthen international competitivene

51、ss.Adaptability to Future Industry Policies and Trends:Examine whether relevant policies contribute to adapting to future industry trends,including digital transformation and smart manufacturing.03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National PerspectivesRankingCountryOverallInnovation Ecosystem

52、 and Technological CapabilityIndustry Diversity and Emerging IndustriesSustainability and EnvironmentTalent and EducationInternational Collaboration and Adaptability to Trends2023 2022 ScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreUnited States1191.71 195.91 196.62 1575.79 295.73 389.50 China228

53、8.55 884.60 296.44 1476.15 197.15 686.29 United Kingdom3588.54 388.07 387.54 587.18 394.30 785.40 South Korea4887.44 289.05 785.58 393.59 688.79 1281.31 Germany5686.97 786.03 486.83 784.34 787.54 289.68 Switzerland6386.04 487.10 1376.86 1082.56 492.70 189.85 Sweden7 84.93 1084.07 586.65 197.51 1180.

54、78 1579.00 Netherlands81083.91 586.83 1177.57 489.68 1379.00 487.18 France9983.78 1181.67 1082.02 587.18 982.38 587.01 Canada10 82.99 1280.95 685.94 1575.79 589.14 1181.84 Japan11481.15 686.21 785.58 1870.45 1280.42 1479.17 Singapore12780.52 884.60 1874.01 1968.67 887.36 883.98 Denmark13 79.32 1675.

55、79 1774.37 295.02 1473.12 1083.09 Italy14 78.09 1476.59 983.98 1377.22 1769.21 983.62 Australia15 77.36 1476.59 1675.61 1775.44 1082.20 1676.68 Spain16 74.88 1772.50 1476.33 1178.28 1869.03 1379.71 Israel17 74.39 1379.80 1971.88 883.98 1968.32 1969.03 India18 73.79 1871.34 1177.57 1277.93 1572.41 18

56、71.34 Portugal19 73.25 2069.12 1476.33 883.98 2066.00 1774.55 Russia20 69.40 1970.81 2070.27 2065.47 1670.63 2068.49 Note:As the 2022 evaluation only included 10 countries,the ranking changes for countries not listed are not displayed.Innovation Ecosystem and Technologzical CapabilityIndustry Divers

57、ity and Emerging IndustriesSustainability and EnvironmentTalent and EducationInternational Collaboration and Adaptability to Trends2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.5 Germany2 3 4 5 Quantun Infor

58、mationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.6 Switzerland2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.1 United States2 3 4 5 Quantun

59、 InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.2 China2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.3 United Kingdom2 3 4 5 Quantu

60、n InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.4 South Korea03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives Ranking-by industryby industry2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nu

61、clear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.7 Sweden2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.8 Netherlands2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuc

62、lear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.9 France2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.10 Canada2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear

63、Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.11 Japan2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.12 Singapore03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives Ranking-by

64、 industryby industry03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives Ranking-by industryby industry2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.13 Denmark2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep spac

65、e and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.14 Italy2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.15 Australia2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space

66、and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.16 Spain2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.17 Israel2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and D

67、eep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.18 India03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives Ranking-by industryby industry2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience a

68、nAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.19 Portugal2 3 4 5 Quantun InformationDeep space and Deep seaAIControllable Nuclear Humanoid RobotNeuroscience anAdvanced ConnectivityBiotechnologyNo.20 RussiaThe Global Future Industry Institute(GFII)has identified 20 countries with the greatest technical innov

69、ation strength and potential for future industrial development.GFII evaluates candidate cities across five dimensions:innovation ecosystem and technological capability,industry diversity and emerging industries,sustainability,and environment,talent and education,and international collaboration and a

70、daptability to trends.For the 2nd consecutive year,the United States and China topped the GFII,with the United States remains the unrivaled leader in future industries and tops the charts in innovation ecosystem and technological capability,industry diversity and emerging industries.China ranks seco

71、nd and outperforms the United States in talent and education(1st).The United Kingdom has improved significantly compared to last year and is ranked third overall this year,excelling in all dimensions.Compared to 2022,South Korea(4th),Germany(5th)and Netherlands(8th)have all moved up the rankings in

72、2023 and consistently appear in the top ten,while Switzerland,Japan,and Singapore have all fallen in the rankings in 2023,ranking sixth,eleventh and twelfth respectively,with Switzerland ranking first in international collaboration and adaptability to trends.Sweden,leading in sustainability and envi

73、ronment(1st),enters the top ten.Canada,showing steady growth,ranks tenth.Innovation ecosystems and technological capabilities are pivotal indicators of a countrys global competitiveness,encompassing R&D and technology investment,attraction and cultivation of tech talent,start-up activity,development

74、 of innovation ecosystem,and construction of digital infrastructure.The United States and South Korea lead the ranking in this domain,with the United States ranking first in attracting and cultivating tech 03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives RankingInnovation Ecosystem a

75、nd Technological Capabilitytalent,start-up activity,and development of innovation ecosystem,and South Korea ranking first in digital infrastructure construction.As for the future industry index,Israel has the highest investment in research and technology.The United Kingdom,ranking third in innovatio

76、n ecosystem development,demonstrates balanced progress among the top 20 countries.In general,the United States,South Korea,and the United Kingdom are the top countries in this area.CountryInnovation Ecosystem and Technological Capability1.1 The Future Industry Index1.2 Attraction and Cultivation of

77、Tech Talent1.3 Start-up Activity1.4 Development of Innovation Ecosystem1.5 Construction of Digital InfrastructureRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreUnited States195.91 394.66 198.22 198.22 198.22 787.54 South Korea289.05 296.44 1278.64 1475.08 296.44 198.22 United Kingdom388.07 88

78、5.76 885.76 689.32 787.54 394.66 Switzerland487.10 689.32 296.44 492.88 1278.64 1376.86 Netherlands586.83 1180.42 394.66 885.76 1082.20 591.10 Japan686.21 492.88 1180.42 1573.30 394.66 885.76 Germany786.03 787.54 492.88 1278.64 591.10 1671.52 China884.60 1082.20 1082.20 1180.42 492.88 1082.20 Singap

79、ore884.60 1278.64 591.10 394.66 1769.74 296.44 Sweden1084.07 492.88 787.54 787.54 1671.52 983.98 France1181.67 1278.64 1376.86 1082.20 689.32 1180.42 Canada1280.95 1671.52 983.98 591.10 983.98 1573.30 Israel1379.80 198.22 1769.74 296.44 1867.96 1475.08 Italy1476.59 1769.74 689.32 1867.96 1278.64 176

80、9.74 Australia1476.59 1475.08 1573.30 1376.86 1573.30 689.32 Denmark1675.79 983.98 1475.08 1966.18 2064.40 394.66 Spain1772.50 1867.96 1671.52 1769.74 1475.08 1278.64 India1871.34 2064.40 2064.40 983.98 1180.42 2064.40 Russia1970.81 1966.18 1966.18 2064.40 885.76 1966.18 Portugal2069.12 1573.30 1867

81、.96 1671.52 1966.18 1867.96 Industrial diversity and emerging industries are vital for a countrys economic resilience,aiding in cost control and stable development.This includes the potential for development in emerging industries,capability in building industrial ecosystems,and industry diversity.F

82、rom the results of the industry diversity and emerging industries ranking,the United States has a high potential for development in emerging industries such as AI,quantum,03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives RankingIndustry Diversity and Emerging Industriesbiotechnology a

83、nd new energy,and is a leader in building industrial ecosystems.Despite Portugals top rank in industry diversity,it falls behind in the other two aspects.China ranks second in all aspects within this domain,and the United Kingdom ranks third in industry diversity and emerging industries.In general,t

84、he United States,China,and the United Kingdom are the top countries in this area.CountryIndustry Diversity and Emerging Industries2.1 Potential for Development in Emerging Industries2.2 Capability in Building Industrial Ecosystems2.3 Industry DiversityRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreUnited State

85、s196.62 198.22 198.22 492.88 China296.44 296.44 296.44 296.44 United Kingdom387.54 492.88 983.98 983.98 Germany486.83 591.10 591.10 1376.86 Sweden586.65 983.98 885.76 591.10 Canada685.94 787.54 1082.20 787.54 Japan785.58 394.66 1180.42 1278.64 South Korea785.58 689.32 1278.64 787.54 Italy983.98 1573

86、.30 787.54 394.66 France1082.02 885.76 1376.86 1082.20 Netherlands1177.57 1867.96 492.88 1475.08 India1177.57 1278.64 2064.40 689.32 Switzerland1376.86 1671.52 394.66 1966.18 Portugal1476.33 1966.18 1867.96 198.22 Spain1476.33 1082.20 1671.52 1573.30 Australia1675.61 1180.42 1573.30 1671.52 Denmark1

87、774.37 1278.64 1475.08 1867.96 Singapore1874.01 1769.74 689.32 2064.40 Israel1971.88 1475.08 1769.74 1769.74 Russia2070.27 2064.40 1966.18 1082.20 This dimension evaluates countries sustainability and environmental efforts,with a focus on the adoption of renewable energy,environmental policies,and e

88、cological conservation.Sweden and Denmark showcased robust performance in sustainability,with Sweden launching solar park initiatives(Swedens declaration of plans to build a 90 MWp solar park along the runways of Hultsfred Airport)and 03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives

89、RankingSustainability and EnvironmentDenmark implementing an increased carbon emissions tax.South Korea and Israel are noted for their use of renewable energy,while the United Kingdom and Germany are renowned for their environmental policies and ecological conservation efforts.Italy,despite its lag

90、in renewable energy development,excels in environmental policy and protection.In general,Sweden,Denmark,and South Korea are the top countries in this area.CountrySustainability and Environment3.1 Utilization of Renewable Energy3.2 Environmental Policies and Ecological ProtectionRankScoreRankScoreRan

91、kScoreSweden197.51 198.22296.44Denmark295.02 492.88198.22South Korea393.59 296.44689.32Netherlands489.68 591.10787.54United Kingdom587.18 1082.20394.66France587.18 689.32983.98Germany784.34 1278.64492.88Israel883.98 394.661867.96Portugal883.98 787.541278.64Switzerland1082.56 983.981180.42Spain1178.2

92、8 1573.30885.76India1277.93 885.761966.18Italy1377.22 1867.96591.10China1476.15 1180.421769.74United States1575.79 1475.081376.86Canada1575.79 1671.521082.20Australia1775.44 1376.861573.30Japan1870.45 1769.741671.52Singapore1968.67 2064.401475.08Russia2065.47 1966.182064.40This section focuses on ev

93、aluating the talent and education levels of various nations,including the development of high-tech talent,innovative education,and vocational training.China and the United States exhibited notable achievements in talent and education indicators,partly due to the extensive collaboration between busin

94、esses and universities in research and development(R&D),as well as the top three universities in each country scoring highly in the 03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives RankingTalent and EducationQS World University Ranking.Additionally,the United Kingdom Switzerland,and

95、Germany received excellent scores for their top three universities in the QS ranking.Canada and Singapore also demonstrated praiseworthy performance in university-industry(R&D)collaboration.In general,China,the United States,and the United Kingdom are the leading countries in this section.CountryTal

96、ent and Education4.1 Cultivation of High-Tech Talent4.2 Innovative Education and Vocational TrainingRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreChina197.15 198.22394.66United States295.73 394.66198.22United Kingdom394.30 296.44689.32Switzerland492.70 591.10296.44Canada589.14 787.54492.88South Korea688.79 689.32787.5

97、4Germany787.54 492.881475.08Singapore887.36 885.76591.10France982.38 983.981278.64Australia1082.20 1082.201082.20Sweden1180.78 1278.64885.76Japan1280.42 1180.421180.42Netherlands1379.00 1376.86983.98Denmark1473.12 1671.521376.86India1572.41 1475.081966.18Russia1670.63 1573.302064.40Italy1769.21 1769

98、.741867.96Spain1869.03 1867.961671.52Israel1968.32 1966.181573.30Portugal2066.00 2064.401769.74This section is dedicated to evaluating the capacity of different nations to collaborate internationally and adjust to global trends,with international innovation collaboration,participation in internation

99、al industry chains,and adaptability to future industry policies and trends.According to the Nature Index 2023,the United States,China,and Germany demonstrated excellence in international innovation 03Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:National Perspectives RankingInternational Collaboration an

100、d Adaptability to Trendscooperation.According to the 2023 Global Value Chain Development Report issued by the WTO,Singapore,the Netherlands,and Portugal are notable participants in the global value chain(GVC).Furthermore,Singapore,Switzerland,and the Netherlands have excelled in developing policies

101、to address emerging industry trends,such as digital transformation and smart manufacturing.In general,Switzerland,Germany,and the United States are the top countries in this part.CountryInternational Collaboration and Adaptability to Trends5.1 International Innovation Collaboration5.2 Participation

102、in International Industry Chains5.3 Adaptability to Future Industry Policies and TrendsRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreRankScoreSwitzerland189.85 787.54689.32296.44Germany289.68 394.66983.98885.76United States389.50 198.221475.08689.32Netherlands487.18 1278.64296.44394.66France587.01 591.101082.20983.98C

103、hina686.29 296.441966.18591.10United Kingdom785.40 492.881278.641376.86Singapore883.98 1769.74198.22198.22Italy983.62 689.32885.761966.18Denmark1083.09 1573.30492.88492.88Canada1181.84 885.761671.52787.54South Korea1281.31 1475.08591.101082.20Spain1379.71 983.981180.421867.96Japan1479.17 1082.201376

104、.861475.08Sweden1579.00 1376.86787.541671.52Australia1676.68 1180.421867.961180.42Portugal1774.55 2064.40394.661769.74India1871.34 1671.521769.741573.30Israel1969.03 1867.962064.401278.64Russia2068.49 1966.181475.082064.4004Global Future Industries Assessment 2023:Future City 2004Global Future Indus

105、tries Assessment 2023:Future City 20Note:refer to“Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industries”for a detailed ranking of each industry segment2023 2022City/MAsScore11San Francisco-San Jose98.22 28London96.44 32Beijing94.66 4 Munich92.88 55Boston91.10 64New York89.32 66Tokyo-Yokohama89.32

106、817Los Angeles85.76 93Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area83.98 913San Diego83.98 1111Seoul80.42 1218Hefei78.64 13 Berlin76.86 149Seattle75.08 1410Paris75.08 16 Pittsburgh71.52 177Shanghai69.74 17 Toronto69.74 1914Washington DC-Baltimore66.18 20 Moscow64.40 The GFII selected 20 cities(clusters

107、)with the most technical innovation strength and potential for future industrial development,and the GFII named them Future City 20.Future City 20 ranking considers factors such as quantum information,deep space and deep sea,AI,controllable nuclear fusion,humanoid robots,neuroscience and neuromorphi

108、c intelligence,advanced connectivity,and biotechnology,and objectively reflects the overall strength of the city/metropolitan area in these future industries.San Francisco-San Jose,like in 2022,achieved the highest overall ranking.San Francisco has top-notch research institutions and a large number

109、of innovative technology talents,leading the world in AI,humanoid robots,advanced connectivity,and more.However,San Francisco falls relatively short in quantum information and deep space and deep sea,and has not entered the top 5 cities in the world in these field.Londons ranking has significantly i

110、ncreased compared to 2022 and ranked second in 2023.London has outstanding advantages in neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence,deep space and deep sea,and biotechnology,but needs to be strengthened in AI and humanoid robots.Other cities with strong technological innovation capabilities include

111、Beijing,Munich,Boston,and others.Among them,Beijing,ranking third,has balanced development across these fields,with notable innovations in advanced connectivity,neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence.Munich has shown outstanding strength not only in biotechnology,but also in neuroscience and neu

112、romorphic intelligence.Bostons advanced technological environment has attracted many companies from emerging industries,especially in neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence,humanoid robots and biotechnology.In this ranking,the United States stands out with the highest number of cities on the lis

113、t,boasting a total of 8 cities.Following closely behind is China,with 4 cities making it into the top 20.Germany also has 2 cities on the list,which have a certain competitive advantage.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industries05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industries

114、Quantum InformationDefinitionQuantum information refers to a novel method of transmitting information based on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics.It involves the calculation,encoding,and transmission of information using the coherent properties of quantum systems.Quantum information enc

115、ompasses quantum computing,quantum measurement,and quantum communication.Among these fields,quantum computing is a branch of computing that focuses on developing computer technology based on principles of quantum theory.Quantum theory explains the behavior of energy and matter at the atomic and suba

116、tomic levels.Quantum technology will lead to breakthroughs in various industries,including aerospace,national defense,automotive,chemical,finance,and pharmaceuticals.Quantum information science encompasses quantum computing,precise quantum measurement,and quantum encryption.Summary of OutstandingAch

117、ievements in 2023a.Quantum computing has various approaches,with a primary focus on superconducting quantum computingCurrently,quantum computing is trending towards superconductivity,ion traps,and neutral atoms,with multiple technologies advancing simultaneously.Superconducting qubits play a crucial

118、 role in advancing quantum technology.On December 5,2023,IBM released the next generation of superconducting quantum processor chips,IBM Condor and Heron.Among them,Condor has 1121 superconducting quantum bits,making it the first quantum chip with 1000 qubits.In addition,IBM announced plans to relea

119、se the open-source quantum programming software Qiskit and the Qiskit-based framework Qiskit Patterns in February 2024.This will provide engineers with more intuitive and efficient development methods,making quantum computing development easier to access and popularize.b.Quantum computing has reache

120、d a milestone momentIn December 2023,QuEra achieved 48 logical quantum bits and constructed 40 medium-sized error correction codes by controlling 280 physical bits.These codes can detect and correct any errors that may occur during entangled logic gate operations.c.The fusion of Quantum computing an

121、d supercomputing has become a focal point of developmentIn March 2023,Nvidia released the DGX Quantum system,which integrates technologies like CUDA Quantum and H100 NVL.This system provides an acceleration platform for quantum classical hybrid computing,specifically designed for generative AI model

122、s such as GPT.d.The security evaluation of algorithms in the field of post-quantum cryptography(PQC)becomes crucialIn 2023,a novel neural network training technique known as Recursive Learning was developed to execute side-channel attacks on the highest 5th order mask of the Crystal Kyber algorithm,

123、which is one of the four anti-quantum 05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesQuantum Informationcryptography security algorithms recognized by NIST.This method involves cyclically rotating information and has demonstrated a probability of recovering message bits above 99%.This disc

124、overy indicates that neural networks can be used to crack NISTs PQC algorithm,emphasizing the importance of evaluating the security of PQC algorithms.Future development trendsCurrently,quantum information is rapidly advancing,and the pace of commercialization and industrialization is expected to acc

125、elerate in the future.Firstly,quantum computing,with its powerful parallel computing capabilities,can offer solutions for AI,cryptanalysis,weather forecasting,resource exploration,drug design,and more.In recent years,the cross-fusion innovation of supercomputing and quantum computing has garnered wi

126、despread attention and exploration in the field of AI.In the future,quantum computing will advance offline cluster technology,connecting multiple quantum processors through a network to form a larger quantum system.This will enhance the performance of quantum computers and open up new possibilities

127、for the trend of quantum superfusion.S e c o n d l y,i n t h e f i e l d o f q u a n t u m communication,current research is focused on achieving quantum communication over longer distances and enhancing the efficiency and security of the process.With NISTs standardization work in the field of Post-

128、Quantum Cryptography(PQC)advancing in the United States,PQC technology is on the verge of reaching its peak.This standardization process will establish a solid foundation for the widespread implementation of PQC technology and accelerate the development of industry applications in the PQC field.With

129、 the ongoing advancement of quantum communication,quantum communication will combine with cloud computing and the Internet of Things to enhance information transmission and security in sectors such as finance,government,and military.City Ranking Enterprise rankingIn terms of industrial scale and qua

130、ntum applications,the United States is currently at the forefront of global quantum information development,particularly in the field of quantum computing,where it maintains a leading advantage.Companies like Google,IBM,and Microsoft are making strides in research and developing quantum computing pl

131、atforms.Chinas quantum information technology is leading the way in Asia,with major enterprises like Quantum CTek and CIQTEK.There are also some potential unicorn companies.RankCity/Metropolitan AreaRankCity/Metropolitan Area1Chicago11Paris2Hefei12Delft3Boulder-Denve13Tokyo-Yokohama4New York14Shangh

132、ai5Toronto-Waterloo 15Zurich6Tel Aviv-Yafo16Sydney7Helsinki17Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area 8London-Oxford-Cambridge18Seoul9Munich-Stuttgart19San Francisco-San Jose10Beijing20SingaporeRankEnterpriseRankEnterprise1IBM11PsiQuantum2Quantinuum12Pasqal3Google13SEEQC4QuantumCTek14IQM5Rigetti15

133、Hyqubit6IonQ16QuantWare7Xanadu17ORCA Computing8D-wave18Quandela9CIOTEK19ColdQuanta10Argit20IQM FinlandQuantum information,as an emerging field with substantial potential to transform technological paradigms in the future,has become a central focus of global science and technology strategic planning.

134、The top five cities are Chicago,Hefei,Boulder-Denver,New York,and Toronto-Waterloo.In the top 20 rankings,American cities hold 4 positions,European cities hold 6 positions,and Asian cities hold 5 positions(including 4 Chinese cities).05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesDeep spac

135、e and deep seaDefinitionThe deep space industry encompasses a range of commercial activities utilizing deep space technology,such as space tourism,space mining,space manufacturing,and space science research.It is a high-tech,high-risk,and high-return industry that requires support and investment fro

136、m various sectors,including government,enterprises,research institutions,and capital markets,for its development.The deep sea industry encompasses a range of commercial activities that utilize deep sea technology,such as deep-sea resource development,deep-sea scientific research,deep-sea equipment m

137、anufacturing,and deep-sea tourism.The development of the deep sea industry requires addressing numerous technical and commercial challenges,including equipment pressure resistance,deep sea communication,and energy supply.However,its development is of great significance for human understanding of the

138、 ocean,the development of marine resources,and the expansion of living space.Summary of Outstanding Achievements in 2023In 2023,the Chinese Eye experienced a period of remarkable breakthroughs.It discovered pulsar binary systems with orbital periods as short as 53 minutes,detected crucial evidence o

139、f nanohertz gravitational waves,and observed black hole pulses for the first time in the radio band.These findings have had a profound impact on the study of galaxy evolution and supermassive black holes,and have also introduced a new avenue for gravitational wave astrophysics.supermassive black hol

140、es,and have also introduced a new avenue for gravitational wave astrophysics.In August 2023,India became the first country to successfully achieve a soft landing of the lunar probe Luna 3 at the South Pole of the Moon.In September 2023,the South China Sea Institute of Oceanography,Chinese Academy of

141、 Sciences,achieved a breakthrough in electromagnetic exploration across the mid-ocean ridge.In September 2023,NASAs first asteroid sampling and return mission,OSIRIS-REx(Pluto),successfully collected 250g of samples from a near-Earth asteroid called Bennu and returned to Earth.Preliminary analysis o

142、f the samples revealed that the asteroid contained high levels of carbon and water,which are the main components of life.In October 2023,an international research team discovered the periodic precession of black hole jets in the M87 galaxy.This finding linked the dynamics of the M87 jet with the sta

143、te of the supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy,providing observational evidence for the existence of spin in the M87 black hole.This discovery is in line with Einsteins general theory of relativitys prediction that if the black hole is in a rotating state,it will cause a reference fra

144、me drag effect.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesDeep space and deep seaFuture development trendsEnvironmental exploration and monitoring technology is increasingly taking center stage.By integrating ocean and space robotic exploration technologies,it is possible to conduct mo

145、nitoring and surveillance of ecologically significant and sensitive habitats such as coral reefs,fishing grounds,deep sea seabed,and trenches,as well as retirement sites for oil and gas platforms.In the future,the technological integration of deep space and deep sea exploration will continue to adva

146、nce,with the following main development trends:a.Enhancing Robotic Hardware for Autonomous Missions through Bio-Inspired Designs and Advanced Sensing SystemsBio-inspired shapes and materials,combined with compact and innovative sensor packages,are poised to advance robotic hardware into a realm of i

147、mproved sensing capabilities.This development supports intelligent strategies for mission planning and knowledge acquisition.The enhanced designb.AI-Powered Decision-Making for Enhanced Adaptability in Extreme Aqueous EnvironmentsAI-driven decision-making represents a significant advancement in cust

148、omizing the capabilities of individual platforms in challenging underwater environments.This autonomy will facilitate the execution of extended missions with minimal human involvement,dynamically managing mutual navigation,communication,and data collection.Furthermore,this adaptability creates oppor

149、tunities for further improvements in behavior for collaborative missions.enhances the success of complex autonomous missions in unfamiliar terrains by optimizing energy efficiency and instrument control.Intelligent tools for data interpretation facilitate the acquisition of new insights derived from

150、 the analyzed environment.City RankingDeep space and deep sea exploration are two crucial high-tech fields that have not been fully explored on Earth.Through research and exploration of deep space and deep sea,we can promote scientific and technological progress,generating new ideas and directions f

151、or future technological development.Meanwhile,exploration of deep space and deep sea can foster the advancement of fields such as aerospace engineering,deep sea engineering,electronic information,and new materials.More importantly,as resource consumption intensifies,environmental problems are becomi

152、ng increasingly prominent.RankCity/Metropolitan AreaRankCity/Metropolitan Area1Houston11Luxembourg2San Diego12Marseille3London-Oxford-Cambridge13Hefei4Toulouse14Hyderabad5Moscow15Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area6Beijing16San Francisco-San Jose7Tsukuba17Melbourne8Seattle18Vancouver9Munich19

153、Pittsburgh10Los Angeles20Kita KyushuDeep space and deep sea exploration can offer new resources and habitats for humanity,addressing resource shortages and environmental challenges.Government agencies and private enterprises in the United States,Europe,China,and Japan are actively conducting deep sp

154、ace and deep sea exploration projects.In the realm of deep space exploration,it encompasses the United States Mars exploration program,Europes Mars Express,and Chinas Change lunar exploration program.The deep sea exploration encompasses the United States deep sea challenge program,Europes Ocean Map

155、program,and Chinas Jiaolong deep sea submersible.c.Integrating Molecular and Imaging Approaches in AI-Empowered Robotic Platforms for Autonomous eDNA Sensor Data CollectionAdvancements in ecological monitoring technologies involve integrating molecular and imaging techniques into AI-powered robotic

156、platforms to efficiently extract information.The use of autonomous eDNA sensors in data collection is poised to revolutionize our understanding of marine biodiversity.Enterprise rankingRankEnterpriseRankEnterprise1Ispace11CSSC2Blue Origin12Masten Space Systems3SpaceX13Airbus Defence and Space 4Space

157、Forge14Space Pioneer5AstroForge15DORD6Starlink16Ocean Gate Expeditions7OrigeSpace17Mitsubishi Heavy Industries8Orbit Fab18Maxar9McDermott International19Deepwater corp10GE20SkyrootAfter years of technological accumulation and research,the United States has emerged as a leader in this field.For examp

158、le,Houston and San Diego in the United States are both globally renowned for their deep space and marine science research.The research institutions and enterprises in these cities have attracted a significant number of high-end talents and technological resources,which are crucial for the advancemen

159、t of deep space and deep sea exploration industries.This support is instrumental in driving the development of these industries in the United States.From the ranking of the top 20 cities,it can also be seen that the United States holds 6 spots,with the highest number of cities on the list.Meanwhile,

160、China and Japan have also achieved significant results in this field.In this ranking of the top 20 cities,they occupy 3 and 2 spots respectively.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesAIDefinitionAI is the theory and development of computer systems capable of performing tasks that

161、traditionally relied on human intelligence,such as speech recognition,decision-making,and pattern recognition.AI is a broad term that includes various technologies such as machine learning,deep learning,and natural language processing.The AI industry chain is typically divided into three layers:the

162、basic layer,technical layer,and application layer.The foundational layer establishes the groundwork for the AI industry in areas such as networking,algorithms,hardware deployment,and data collection.The technical layer constructs a technological pathway that begins with simulating human intelligence

163、-related features.The application layer integrates one or more types of basic AI application technologies,combining them to create software and hardware products or solutions customized to meet specific application scenario requirements.Summary of Outstanding Achievements in 2023The characteristics

164、of the journey of transformation in AI are the advancement of open-source AI,license debates,and the emergence of powerful generative AI models.The development of open-source AI has reached an unprecedented height,reshaping the framework and model pattern of AI.The release of PyTorch 2.0 has set a n

165、ew industry standard and provided powerful tools for researchers and developers.Nvidias Modulus and Colossal AI have been further enhanced based on the PyTorch framework,contributing to collaborative innovation in open source ecosystems.Technology giants Microsoft and Google have respectively achiev

166、ed significant milestones by integrating ChatGPT into Bing and launching Budd.However,the path of open source is not without controversy.Metas release of Llama 2 as open source has sparked a debate about the definition of open source in AI.Although considered a significant contribution,the scale lim

167、itations in Llama 2 have raised doubts about its true openness,prompting discussions on whether it is necessary to redefine licensing models for the unique complexity of AI.At the same time,2023 witnessed the rise of advanced generative AI models,which have changed natural language processing and cr

168、eative content generation.OpenAIs GPT-4 is a groundbreaking language model that redefines the capabilities of AI with outstanding performance in text-based applications such as creative writing,coding,and complex problem-solving.Jina AIs 8K text embedding model and Mistral AIs Mistral 7B demonstrate

169、 the increasing proficiency of the AI community in processing large amounts of text data.These models highlight a trend towards more powerful and detailed AI models that are applicable to different fields.However,the proliferation of generative AI models has raised ethical issues,including biases in

170、 AI generated content and the urgent need for transparency in AI development.As AI continues to integrate into various industries,the industry strives to ensure that its use is ethical and responsible.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesAIFuture development trendsIn the field of

171、 AI,there are multiple key trends in technology,applications,and security:a.Technical trendsMultimodal Models Driving Information Fusion：One of the technological trends is the emergence of multimodal models,which expedite the fusion of diverse data,including text,images,and videos.This allows AI to

172、d e v e l o p a m o r e c o m p r e h e n s i v e understanding of the real world and to adapt to complex and diverse interaction scenarios.Embodied intelligence opens up new possibilities：As an emerging technological trend,embodied intelligence allows intelligent agents to perceive the physical wor

173、ld through interaction with the environment and to understand and transform the objective world.This presents significant opportunities for the future advancement of AI.The path to achieving universal AI is becoming clearer：the widespread use of large models is laying the groundwork for the advancem

174、ent of universal AI.Additionally,technologies like brain-computer interfaces are introducing new forms of human-computer interaction,signaling the gradual realization of universal AI.Performance Improvement of Data-Driven Models：The significance of data is growing,and high-quality data can boost the

175、 performance of AI models.The implementation of new technologies,such as vector databases,will further advance the progress of data management.Intelligent computing centers are becoming essential infrastructure：The AI transformation of data centers considers intelligent computing centers as crucial

176、infrastructure,and cloud computing is evolving towards heterogeneous computing architectures centered on CPU+GPU/NPU.This evolution promotes the diversity and ecological development of AI chips.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesAIc.Trends in applicationThe balance between AI g

177、overnance and interpretability is emphasized as the final trend,highlighting the need to balance AI governance with technological advancements.The rise of technologies like explainable AI has sparked controversy,and the need for regulation is becoming more prominent.Governments around the world are

178、developing and implementing policies and regulations for AI to ensure its credibility and security.b.Trends in applicationLarge language models will serve as personal intelligent assistants：helping to create travel plans and perform other tasks,ushering in a new era of user interaction.A variety of

179、models thrive in enterprise large models：Large models thrive in business-end applications,meeting the specific needs of enterprises and creating a tiered demand pattern.Lightweight large models drive end-to-end computing power：They help reduce application costs,promote the development of end-to-end

180、computing power,and enable users to access AI services more economically,reliably,and safely.The profound impact of large-scale models on the labor market and scientific research：Large language models have profound and complex effects on the structure of the labor market and scientific research para

181、digms,reducing intellectual costs in cutting-edge technological research and enhancing research efficiency.Enterprise rankingRankEnterpriseRankEnterprise1Open AI11Advance Intelligence Group2Google12Huawei3Microsoft13ByteDance4Meta14Cohere5NVIDIA15Scale AI6Adobe16Quantexa7IBM17Runway8Canva18Naver9Bai

182、du19Aleph Alpha10Databricks20HelsingStates holds six spots out of the top 20 cities,with all of the top five cities being American.Secondly,through national strategy and substantial investment,China has rapidly become a significant player in the global AI field,with four cities ranking in the top 20

183、.It is evident from the rankings that the United States and China hold advantageous positions in the field of AI.Among them,the United States is a significant hub for AI,home to numerous technology giants and top research institutions,and has consistently maintained a leading position.From a ranking

184、 perspective,the United City RankingRankCity/Metropolitan AreaRankCity/Metropolitan Area1San Francisco-San Jose11Seattle2Los Angeles12Shanghai3Pittsburgh13Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area4New York14Helsinki5Boston15London-Oxford-Cambridge6Singapore16Tokyo-Yokohama7Seoul17Zurich8Munich18Syd

185、ney9Copenhagen19Hangzhou10Beijing20Luxembourg05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesControllable Nuclear FusionDefinitionControllable nuclear fusion is a sustainable and controllable nuclear reaction,and a device for conducting such reactions is referred to as the artificial sun.Co

186、ntrollable nuclear fusion,as a cutting-edge disruptive technology with significant potential,is currently recognized as one of the important solutions to ultimately address human energy challenges.Compared to nuclear fission,controllable nuclear fusion releases more energy,has abundant sources of ra

187、w materials,produces less radioactive waste,and is safer.It is a key direction for future energy development.Summary of Outstanding Achievements in 2023In August 2023,Chinas Circulation three successfully achieved high-constraint operation mode under a plasma current of 1 million amperes.In October

188、2023,the worlds largest and most advanced nuclear fusion reactor,JT-60SA,was successfully ignited.The tokamak facility,jointly constructed and operated by Japan and the European Union,was completed in 2020.In the same month,the National Ignition Facility(NIF)in the United States successfully achieve

189、d ignition twice,resulting in a controllable net energy gain for nuclear fusion.This allowed the energy generated by the fusion reaction to exceed the energy consumed during the process.At this point,American scientists have successfully increased the number of ignition attempts to four.Future devel

190、opment trendsa.The development of high-temperature superconducting technology can shorten the construction period of Controllable nuclear fusion devicesSuperconducting magnets are essential components of tokamak devices in magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion.They are used to create a magn

191、etic field that confines fusion reactions.With the continuous advancement of superconducting technology,there is an expectation for the enhancement of the strength and stability of magnetic fields.The tokamak technology aims to miniaturize strong magnetic fields using high-temperature superconductin

192、g materials,with the expectation of significantly reducing the cost of fusion devices and shortening the technology iteration cycle.b.The strategy of controlling high-temperature plasma through numerical simulation will become possibleIn controllable nuclear fusion,it is essential to manage the beha

193、vior of high-temperature plasma to attain stable and efficient nuclear fusion reactions.This involves technologies related to plasma generation,heating,confinement,and control.With the advancement of computer science and numerical simulation technology,it is now possible to optimize the control stra

194、tegy of plasma through numerical simulation.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesControllable Nuclear Fusionc.Nuclear energy(Controllable nuclear fusion)will serve as a cutting-edge climate solutionNuclear energy,specifically controllable nuclear fusion,faces challenges in terms

195、of public acceptance and economic competitiveness when compared to renewable energy and fossil fuel power generation.But it is the only reliable,dispatchable,physically and materially small,plug-and-play zero-carbon power generation solution.d.The breakthrough of AI and diversified business models w

196、ill further accelerate the pace of commercializationThe breakthrough in AI will have a significant impact on the development of the controllable nuclear fusion industry,potentially shortening its commercial development cycle.Controllable nuclear fusion research involves complex physical processes an

197、d massive amounts of data.AI can be utilized to optimize experimental parameters and develop more precise models of plasma behavior.If a suitable AI model can be developed and provided with enough magnetic constraint control samples,along with strategy networks and value networks,it can quickly gene

198、rate various plasma configuration schemes without the need for reprogramming,after mastering the training methods of the control system proficiently.This will significantly reduce the experimental process and the number of repeated experiments,helping scientists and engineers make better use of limi

199、ted experimental resources to accelerate research on nuclear fusion.City Ranking Enterprise ranking20.Secondly,the United States also maintains a global leading position in the use of nuclear energy and technology research and development,holding three spots in the top 20 city rankings.This has led

200、to the emergence of many outstanding enterprises,including Commonwealth Fusion Systems.Furthermore,China has established a comprehensive presence in the nuclear energy sector,attaining global leadership.Hefei,China and Taiwan,China ranked third and 19th respectively in this ranking of the top 20 cit

201、ies.RankCity/Metropolitan AreaRankCity/Metropolitan Area1Saint Paul de Vence11Paris2San Francisco-San Jose12Tokyo-Yokohama3Hefei13Los Angeles4Chiba14Liverpool5London-Oxford-Cambridge15Seoul6Munich16Sydney7Berlin17Amsterdam8Boston18New Delhi9Moscow19Taipei10Vancouver20StockholmRankEnterpriseRankEnter

202、prise1Tokamak Energy11Trumpf2CNNC12 HB11 Energy3Commonwealth Fusion Systems13Fusion Energy Institute4Renaissance Fusion14Proxima Fusion5TAE Technologies15NT-Tao6Helion Energy16Thales7Kyoto Fusioneering17Ex-Fusion8Zap Energy18STARTORUS Fusion9MarvelFusion19CTFusion10General Fusion20EniCurrently,more

203、than 50 countries around the world are conducting research and construction on over 140 controllable nuclear fusion devices and have achieved a series of technological breakthroughs.Europe has a long-standing presence in this field,boasting advanced technology and the worlds largest operational toka

204、mak device.The Joint European Torus(JET),located at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire,UK,is the only existing tokamak facility capable of operating with deuterium-tritium fuel mixtures.It is evident from the rankings that European cities hold 8 of the top 05Comprehensive analysis an

205、d ranking of future industriesHumanoid RobotDefinitionHumanoid robots,also known as biomimetic humans,are robots designed to mimic human appearance and behavior,especially those with bodies similar to humans.Humanoid robots require robust motion control capabilities,as well as advanced perception an

206、d computing abilities.Humanoid robots can adapt to various real-life scenarios,allowing them to shift from professional roles to multifunctional roles.This increases economies of scale and reduces costs.Summary of Outstanding Achievements in 2023The humanoid robots were deployed as prototypes in an

207、environment where they collaborate with humans.The humanoid robots in the laboratory have been proven to handle complex tasks such as cooking,cleaning,folding clothes,welding,and brewing coffee.The development of humanoid robots with AI capabilities is rapidly advancing,to the point where robots can

208、 learn by observing human behavior.In May 2023,Sanctuary AI(TheSanctuaryAI)released the sixth generation humanoid robots,Phoenix,featuring a 20-degree-of-freedom robotic arm capable of performing precise operations similar to those of human hands,such as opening soft plastic bags.During the test,the

209、 robot completed 110 retail-related tasks in a store in Vancouver,including packaging goods,labeling,folding,and cleaning.In October 2023,Amazon tested the humanoid robots Digit at its BFI1 operations center in Sumner.The robot was produced by AgilityRobotics.Digit is currently employed as a warehou

210、se robot,tasked with recycling Amazons distinctive yellow boxes.It is expected that the production capacity of Digit robots will reach 10,000 units per year by 2027.In December 2023,Tesla released its latest version of the humanoid robots,Optimus Gen 2.The second-generation Optimus Gen 2 humanoid ro

211、bots incorporates Teslas self-developed actuators and sensors,improving its walking ability,perception,balance,and overall body control.This represents a further acceleration of the industrialization of humanoid robots.Future development trendsa.Embodied intelligence enables Humanoid robots to trans

212、ition from specialized to universal useBefore the development of large-scale models,humanoid robots were limited to specific scenarios and carried out actions based on pre-set instructions.With the advancement of large-scale models,humanoid robots are able to engage more deeply with the physical wor

213、ld through perception and limb interaction,facilitated by multimodal models.Now,they can perceive,learn,and adapt to the environment,becoming embodied intelligent robots that closely mimic human natural intelligence and are widely used in various scenarios.In the future,embodied intelligence will en

214、able robots to interact,perceive,make decisions,and complete complex tasks more naturally within their environment.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesHumanoid Roboteducation and training,home services,emergency rescue,and the entertainment industry.They can perform a variety of

215、 tasks inhotels,hospitals,schools,homes,disaster-stricken areas,and theme parks,offering guidance,services,performances,and other functions.d.Data security challengesWith the growing use of biomimetic robots,there is an increasing need for data security.These challenges involve safeguarding sensitiv

216、e information in robot systems and ensuring their secure operation.The data stored and transmitted,including design drawings,process parameters,production plans,and other confidential information of the enterprise,need to be properly protected.Manufacturers and users will face increasing data securi

217、ty challenges,necessitating comprehensive consideration of multiple aspects such as hardware,software,communication,and user privacy.This will require the development of stricter security strategies and measures to ensure that robot systems can effectively resist potential threats at all levels.b.A

218、New Era of Human Machine CollaborationIn the context of Industry 4.0 and intelligent factories,collaborative robots have been widely used in the manufacturing industry.The collaboration between bionic robots and humans is expected to become more common in the future.They will collaborate in the fiel

219、ds of production,healthcare,and services to capitalize on their respective strengths.This collaborative effort is expected to enhance efficiency,lower costs,and establish a safer working environment.c.Widely applicable scenariosWith the continuous improvement of large-scale models and the advancemen

220、t of sensor technology,the intelligence and mobility of humanoid robots are constantly increasing,approaching the capabilities of real humans.Teslas foray into the humanoid robots industry is anticipated to substantially decrease manufacturing expenses.The application scenarios for humanoid robots a

221、re very extensive,including customer service,healthcare,City Ranking Enterprise/University rankingcloud computing,and visual deep navigation.At present,well-known humanoid robots include Teslas Optimus Prime,Boston Powers Atlas,1X Technologys EVE and NEO,and others.Due to high technological barriers

222、,the primary participants in the humanoid robots industry are technology companies,and the United States holds a significant advantage in this field.Among the top five cities,the United States holds four positions,with a total of six American cities ranking in the top 20.RankCity/Metropolitan AreaRa

223、nkCity/Metropolitan Area1San Francisco-San Jose11Shanghai2Boston12Guangdong-Hong Kong-MacaoGreater Bay Area3Pittsburgh13Toronto4New York14Seoul5Beijing15Munich6Los Angeles16Singapore7Paris17Zurich8Tokyo-Yokohama18Sydney9London-Oxford-Cambridge19Hangzhou10Seattle20Kyoto-Osaka-KobeRankEnterpriseRankEn

224、terprise1Boston Dynamics11Agility Robotics2Tesla12Shadow Robot3Hanson Robotics13Pormobot4Apptronik14Segway-Ninebot5Sanctuary AI15Figure6Engineered Arts161X Technologies7IntuitiveSurgical17Dataa Robotics8Beyond Imagination18Karlsruhe Institute of Technology9TOYOTA Robotics19Apptronik10Macco Robotics2

225、0SanctuaryAs versatile,integrated,and intelligent robots,humanoid robots require robust motion control capabilities,as well as advanced perception and computing abilities.The technical challenge lies in replicating the processes of perception,cognition,decision-making,and execution as accurately as

226、possible in various human scenarios.This involves utilizing state-of-the-art technologies in fields such as biomimetic perception and cognition,dynamic fusion technologies,artificial intelligence,big data 05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesNeuroscience and Neuromorphic Intellig

227、enceDefinitionNeuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence,as two cutting-edge technological fields,are showing a new trend of mutual learning and deep integration,becoming a research hotspot in the international scientific community in recent years.Neuroscience provides important scientific basis and

228、 clinical guidance for the effective diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases through in-depth analysis of various brain functional neural foundations.At the same time,the research results of neuroscience also provide inspiration and inspiration for brain like research.Neuromorphic intelligence is

229、a machine intelligence inspired by the neural operation mechanism and cognitive behavior mechanism of the brain,using computational modeling as a means,and achieved through software and hardware collaboration.Neuromorphic intelligence has the characteristics of being brain like in information proces

230、sing mechanisms,humanoid in cognitive behavior performance,and achieving or surpassing human intelligence levels.With the vigorous advancement of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,major economies around the world have increased their investment and research and de

231、velopment efforts in this field,actively laying out brain plans,striving to reveal the life code and working mechanism of the human brain,leading the innovative development of cutting-edge technologies and future industries such as life sciences,medical health,biomimetic technology,AI,military secur

232、ity,etc.Summary of Outstanding Achievements in 2023In May 2023,Musks subsidiary Neuralink was granted permission to conduct brain computer interface human trials,which is seen as a milestone in the commercialization of brain computer interface applications.Musk hopes that this technology can help vi

233、sually impaired and mobility impaired individuals recover their vision and mobility.In the same month,the worlds first non-human primate invasive brain computer interface test was successful in Beijing,China.The experiment achieved an invasive brain computer interface brain controlled robotic arm in

234、 the monkey brain,which is of great significance for promoting research in the field of neuroscience.In July 2023,the brain like Computing Center of Tsinghua University in China proposed for the first time a dual brain driven cross paradigm heterogeneous fusion brain like computing architecture,achi

235、eving compatible integration of computer science oriented and neuroscience oriented intelligent computing models,providing a new solution and feasible path for the development of brain like computing.And further developed the worlds first commercial heterogeneous fusion brain computing chip KA200 an

236、d HP series computing boards,providing a high-performance and efficient computing platform for mainstream AI application scenarios and brain science research.In August 2023,Neurosoft,a Swiss company,successfully tested its flexible brain implant on a human body for the first time.Neurosofts 05Compre

237、hensive analysis and ranking of future industriesNeuroscience and Neuromorphic Intelligenceflexible brain implants have enormous potential to drive the development of brain analysis and stimulation fields.With further research and development,it is expected to play an important role in the treatment

238、 of various neurological diseases.Future development trendsIn the future,new imaging,neural monitoring and regulation technologies will promote the rapid development of various sub fields such as brain cognition,brain diseases,and neuromorphic intelligence.In addition,data governance and ethical saf

239、ety supervision in the fields of neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence will be increasingly valued.a.The sub fields of Neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence will continue to develop rapidlyIn the field of cognitive research in the brain,efforts will be made to observe and analyze the encod

240、ing mechanisms of neural information at multiple levels,including brain regions,neural circuits,and neurons,in order to reveal how the brain performs its perceptual and cognitive functions.At the same time,the development process of the brain is also explored in the layer area of neurons and neural

241、circuits.For the research of brain diseases,we will focus on breakthroughs in several key areas in the future.The primary task is to analyze the pathogenesis of brain diseases throughout their entire lifecycle,striving to comprehensively explain the occurrence and development of diseases from multip

242、le perspectives,including genes,brain networks,and individuals and populations.By establishing a disease trajectory model,the aim is to achieve early identification and prevention.At the same time,integrating in vitro experiments and clinical data,constructing predictive models,and using pluripotent

243、 stem cell technology to simulate the state of brain diseases provide a new perspective for disease research.Based on network level analysis of neuroimaging and advanced technologies such as brain computer interfaces,a perception intervention closed-loop control system for brain diseases is being co

244、nstructed.In addition,searching for biomarkers with diagnostic and therapeutic value,establishing a quantitative evaluation system,will greatly improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases.The combination of AI and machine learning algorithms will bring revolutionary changes to

245、the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases.In terms of neuromorphic intelligence,the future development trend will shift from solely inspired by brain structure to inspired by both brain structure and function.In this process,perceptual intelligence and cognitive intelligence will collaborate to

246、promote the transformation of intelligent technology from specialized to universal.In the future,we will achieve deep integration of brain like structure and function,creating brain like intelligent products that mimic the brain at the structural level,approach the brain at the device level,and surp

247、ass the brain at the functional level.05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesNeuroscience and Neuromorphic Intelligenceb.Data governance and ethical security supervision are receiving increasing attentionWith the continuous advancement of neuroscience programs in various countries

248、around the world,massive brain atlases and monitoring data have emerged.How to efficiently and safely utilize these data resources has become an urgent problem in the current field.This has also given rise to an urgent need for data governance.Looking ahead,the field of neuroscience will further inc

249、rease its emphasis on data governance and strive to build a globally unified and coordinated data governance principle and framework.At the same time,neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence technology,especially in the field of brain computer interfaces,also face many ethical and security challen

250、ges.With the widespread application of brain like intelligent products,especially brain computer interfaces,ethical and security issues will become increasingly prominent.To address this challenge,countries must strengthen their regulatory efforts on ethical and safety issues,ensuring the harmonious

251、 development of technological innovation and social ethics.City RankingAt present,based on the progress of global neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence technology research.In terms of hardware,research institutions and related enterprises in various countries have successively developed various

252、 types of brain chips and brain like computers;In terms of software,research and development achievements such as algorithm frameworks and pulse neural networks have emerged.However,there are still deficiencies in the theoretical level of neuroscience,the technology of brain like computing systems i

253、s not yet mature,and brain like computing cannot fully simulate the diversity and variability characteristics of neurons.There is still a long way to go before it becomes mature.The United States is one of the earliest countries in the world to consider neuromorphic intelligence as one of the major

254、strategies for future development.It is also the country with the most mature brain science foundation and neuromorphic intelligence technology in the world,achieving an overall layout from basic theory to industrial application.Hardware layer advantage companies such as Intel and HP;Software layer

255、advantage companies such as Numenta and Vicarious,as well as application layer companies represented by Neuralink,and other leading global companies in the field of neuromorphic intelligence,are mostly headquartered in the United States.Based on the ranking,the United States occupies five seats in t

256、he top 20 cities,occupying a dominant position in the industry.Research on neuromorphic intelligence in China started relatively late compared to Europe and America,but has developed rapidly in recent years and gradually reached the international forefront level.At present,the research achievements

257、in Chinese neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence mainly include two aspects:the development of neuromorphic chips,the development of neuromorphic computers,and breakthroughs in neuromorphic computing theory.Overall,China is in the second tier of the neuroscience and neuromorphic intelligence in

258、dustries,occupying four seats in the top 20 cities.RankCity/Metropolitan AreaRankCity/Metropolitan Area1Boston11Shanghai2London12Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe3Beijing13Hangzhou4San Francisco-San Jose14Washington DC-Baltimore5Munich-Stuttgart15Guangdong-Hong Kong-MacaoGreater Bay Area6Los Angeles16Seoul7Berlin17A

259、msterdam8New York18Toronto9Tokyo-Yokohama19Paris10Basel20Zurich Enterprise rankingRankEnterpriseRankEnterprise1Synchron11Inner Cosmos2Neuralink12NeuraMatrix3BrainCo13Neurotech4G-Therapeutics14NeuroXess5BrainUp Technology15Lifescapes6Synchron16NextMind7ClearPoint Neuro17FlowNeuroscience8Theranica18Ne

260、urcle9Cyberkinetics19Moshi10NeurosoftBioelectronics20MicroPort Neuro Tech05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesAdvanced ConnectivityDefinitionAdvanced connectivity is a fundamental component of social life.While 5G networks possess inherent flexibility,the evolution and transforma

261、tion of society and the economy will present challenges that 5G networks may not be able to address.Therefore,it is necessary to transition to the 6G era to further expand connectivity capabilities.With the development of new communication technologies in each generation,the focus of the network is

262、constantly evolving.The focus of the 5G era is on connecting the Internet of Things and industrial automation systems,while the 6G era aims to integrate physical,digital,and human experiences.6G is the organic integration of land mobile communication with high,medium,and low orbit satellites.It requ

263、ires heterogeneous access to satellites,launch platforms,drones,ground cells,and other components to cater to different deployment scenarios and diverse business needs,achieving seamless global coverage and access for anyone,anywhere,and at any time.Among them,LEO broadband satellite Internet will b

264、ecome an integral part of 6G due to its wide coverage,high bandwidth,low delay,and lack of regional impact.Summary of Outstanding Achievements in 2023Satellite Internet has become the commanding height of the key industry in the space competition of large countries.It not only fills the significant

265、gap in all-time,all-area,and all-space integrated communication,but is also a core component of building the next generation of 6G network technology.With significant progress in satellite launch and manufacturing technology,the communication network of ultra-low orbit giant satellites has garnered

266、widespread attention from academia and industry,and non-terrestrial networks are widely regarded as an indispensable component of 6G networks.In 2023,SpaceX successfully completed 98 launch missions.Among the 98 launches,63 were satellite chain launches,accounting for 64.3%.A total of 1984 satellite

267、 chain launches were launched,and currently a total of 5650 satellite chain launches have been launched.With its record-breaking orbital launch achievements,SpaceX showcases to the world the endless possibilities and relentless pursuit of human space exploration.Chinas two major LEO satellite Intern

268、et constellations,GW and G60,have applied for over 20,000 satellites.In July 2023,China successfully launched its first flat-panel type LEO broadband communication satellite,Longjiang 3.This breakthrough satellite has mastered key technologies in LEO satellite ground high-speed communication and fla

269、t-panel satellite platforms,providing essential technical support for Chinas satellite Internet construction.Furthermore,several countries and enterprises are actively exploring more efficient satellite manufacturing and launch technologies to reduce costs and increase production capacity.The Europe

270、an Union has established the 6G research and development group HEXA-X,with 44 participating members including companies such as Nokia,Ericsson,Orange,Telekom Spain,05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesAdvanced Connectivityand well-known universities like the University of Oulu in

271、 Finland.It is anticipated that by 2027,the European Union will invest approximately RMB 6.9 billion in the 6G Intelligence and Network Services project,encompassing eight projects like HEXA-X,to research and develop the core technology of 6G,AI foundational technology,enhance service coverage,and n

272、etwork sustainability technology.satellite Internet,public mobile phone direct connection satellite services bring about genuine integration between the earth and the sky.With the evolution of technology and industry,it has been observed that high-orbit satellites suffer from limitations in terms of

273、 capacity,speed,and latency,whereas low-orbit satellites offer distinct advantages and have emerged as a key direction for future development.Furthermore,with the advancement of LEO technology and the maturing 3GPP NR NTN industry,mobile phone direct connections to LEO satellites based on 3GPP NTN t

274、echnology are gradually becoming the new technological focus of satellite Internet.c.Integration and interoperability of high and low orbit satellites:a key development direction for the future of satellite communication industryIn the realm of satellite communication,the convergence and interoperab

275、ility of high and low orbit satellites are regarded as significant avenues for future development.High orbit satellites are renowned for their extensive coverage,long lifespan,stable signal,and straightforward networking attributes,whereas low orbit constellations are distinguished by their low late

276、ncy,minimal link loss,high bandwidth,and cost-effectiveness,each with exceptional performance.By integrating high and low orbit satellites,the advantages of multiple orbits can be fully leveraged,providing flexibility and redundancy and thereby meeting the demands of future satellite communication.d

277、.The mutual empowerment and integration of satellites and clouds:becoming a future development trend Future development trendsa.Deep Integration of 6G and AI:Implementing Collaborative Evolution of Networks and AIOne of the core features of future 6G mobile systems is network-intrinsic AI,which can

278、be categorized into AI-enabled networks and networks enabled by AI.AI-empowered n e t w o r k s a c h i e v e e n d-t o-e n d s e l f-empowerment through air interface fusion,enhancing key metrics such as bandwidth,speed,and capacity.Networks enabled by AI achieve ubiquitous inclusiveness through mo

279、bile communication networks,leveraging the unique advantages of 6G to assist high-value scenarios,use cases,and businesses,ultimately realizing the overarching vision of everything connected,digital twins.b.Direct connection of Volkswagen mobile phones to satellites:fully leveraging the advantages o

280、f high and low orbit satellites,supporting diversified business scenariosThe integration of the earth and the sky achieves comprehensive integration between satellites and the ground.As a vital component of the 05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesAdvanced ConnectivityIn the futu

281、re,close collaboration between satellite operators and cloud vendors will continue to intensify,leading to mutual technological and business empowerment.Currently,cooperation mainly focuses on reliable data transmission and satellite data processing.On one hand,the high-speed and low-latency satelli

282、te broadband provided by satellite operators offers a dependable communication channel for cloud resources.In the event of fiber optic disconnections and other network disruptions,satellite connections can serve as crucial network redundancy for cloud workloads,ensuring continuous access.On the othe

283、r hand,ground-based cloud services provide robust technical support for satellite data processing.Additionally,the industry is actively promoting the research and development of processing-related technologies on satellites,with the long-term objective of directly enabling data sharing on satellites

284、.City Ranking Enterprise rankingSuppliers Association,as of May 2023,254 operators from 99 countries and regions around the world have launched commercial 5G network services.Simultaneously,with the evolution of mobile communication technology,6G has become a focal point of global technological inno

285、vation.The top five cities in the advanced connectivity industry(MA)are San Francisco-San Jose,Beijing,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,San Diego,and London-Oxford-Cambridge.RankCity/Metropolitan AreaRankCity/Metropolitan Area1San Francisco-San Jose11Berlin2Beijing12Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

286、3Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area13New Delhi4San Diego14Paris5London-Oxford-Cambridge15Toronto6Seoul16Helsinki7Tokyo-Yokohama17Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe8Stockholm18Dallas-Fort Worth9Washington DC19Singapore10Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou20BangaloreRankEnterpriseRankEnterprise1HUAWEI11Verizon2Ericsson12Inte

287、l3NTT Docomo13Qualcomm4Samsung14NEC 5Nokia15SK Telecom6SpaceX16China Satellite Network Grc7ZTE Connectivity17Orange8Starlink18Softbank9Viasat19China Telecom10HughesNet20BTCurrently,information and communication technology,particularly mobile communication technology,is thriving and has emerged as a

288、significant driving force in accelerating the integration of the digital economy with the real economy.It continues to play a pivotal role in fostering global economic and social development,transforming industrial structures,and promoting technological iteration and innovation.On a global scale,5G

289、has entered a phase of widespread commercial deployment.According to data from the Global Mobile 05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesBiotechnologyDefinitionBiotechnology is a technology that applies the fundamental principles of biology,chemistry,and engineering to produce usefu

290、l substances or provide certain services to humans using living organisms(including microorganisms,animal cells,and plant cells)or their components(organelles and enzymes).The core of biotechnology is genetic engineering centered around DNA recombination technology,which also encompasses fields such

291、 as microbial engineering,biochemical engineering,cell engineering,and biological products.As a rapidly advancing field,biotechnology is exerting profound impacts on our lives,and significant breakthroughs have been achieved in areas such as gene editing,synthetic biology,and biosensing technology.S

292、ummary of Outstanding Achievements in 2023a.Gene editing technology brings hope to diseases that are considered incurableThe approval of the Casgevy therapy based on CRISPR gene editing technology signifies the gradual transition of CRISPR gene editing tools from laboratory to clinical use in the tr

293、eatment of sickle cell disease.Significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the field of hereditary blood diseases such as thalassemia.b.RNA technology is widely used in vaccine development,treatment of rare diseases,and optimization of medical applicationsMSKCC in the United States has developed

294、 a novel personalized mRNA vaccine for the treatment of pancreatic ductal carcinoma,which has demonstrated promising safety and efficacy in phase I clinical research.Moderna has announced a collaboration with Merck to launch an mRNA-based skin cancer vaccine.The Institute of Microbiology at the Chin

295、ese Academy of Sciences has developed a monkeypox mRNA vaccine containing multiple antigens,and has optimized the manufacturing process of the multi-antigen mRNA vaccine.c.AI enhances protein engineering and drives drug reuse2023 is a pivotal year for biotechnology,marked by groundbreaking advanceme

296、nts in protein engineering,mainly driven by the integration of AI.Insilico Medicine,Adaptyv Bio,and other companies have developed generative AI models to explore protein sequences and structures through training on large datasets,generating artificial proteins that can be widely utilized in areas l

297、ike disease treatment and plastic degradation.David Bakers protein design tool RoseTTAFold Diffusion,based on diffusion models,reimagines the structure and function of proteins.Furthermore,AI has also discovered novel applications for the existing drug iMCD in treating rare diseases.This development

298、 represents a significant breakthrough,highlighting the potential of AI in identifying existing drugs and repurposing them for new therapeutic purposes.The University of Pennsylvania,the Kalman Disease Collaboration Network,Medidata,and Every Cure utilize AI algorithms to screen existing drugs,ident

299、ifying 05Comprehensive analysis and ranking of future industriesBiotechnologythose that can be repurposed for rare diseases.This approach not only expedites the process of discovering treatment methods but also significantly reduces the financial costs associated with developing brand-new drugs from

300、 scratch.Future development trendsThe application and development prospects of biotechnology are accompanied by new breakthroughs in the life sciences.Modern biotechnology has been widely utilized in industries,agriculture and animal husbandry,medicine,environmental protection,and other fields.Nanob

301、iology and PCR(polymerase chain reaction)technologies currently dominate biotechnology,while gene editing,CRISPR technology,and stem cell technology are seen as the future transformative forces,expediting disease treatment and research on genetically modified crops.Simultaneously,biotechnology is ac

302、tively integrating AI and ML to accelerate the discovery and optimization of emerging technologies such as biomaterials,biological nanomaterials,biomass energy,and bioinformatics.Additionally,advancements in tissue engineering and bioprinting technology will lay the foundation for more effective and

303、 personalized treatment,enhancing the efficiency of biological testing and bioinformatics screening by creating high-precision 3D tissue models.In the future,the biotechnology industry will develop rapidly driven by technological innovation and cooperation models.City Ranking Enterprise rankingRankC

304、ity/Metropolitan AreaRankCity/Metropolitan Area1Boston11Tel Aviv2San Francisco-San Jose12Amsterdam3Geneva13Beijing4London-Oxford-Cambridge14Stockholm5Munich-Stuttgart15Berlin6San Diego16Copenhagen7Tokyo-Yokohama17Toronto-Burnaby8Zurich18Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou9Washington DC-Baltimore19Shanghai10New Yo

305、rk20SingaporeRankEnterpriseRankEnterprise1Novo Nordisk11Chugai Pharmaceuticals2Thermo Fisher Scientific12Biogen3Amgen13Lonza4CSL14Samsung Biologics5Gilead Sciences15Agilent Technologies6Vertex Pharmaceuticals16Seagen7Regeneron Pharmaceuticals17Illumina8Daiichi Sankyo18Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine9Modern

306、a19Sun Pharmaceuticals10WuXi AppTec20Beigenebiotechnology.In Europe,the biotechnology industry is mainly concentrated in countries such as Germany,the United Kingdom,the Netherlands,and Sweden.In Asia,it is mainly concentrated in countries such as Japan,China,and Singapore.The Asian cities on the li

307、st are Tokyo-Yokohama,Beijing,Singapore,and Shanghai,ranking 7th,13th,19th,and 20th respectively.The top five biotechnology industry hubs are Boston,San Francisco-San Jose,Geneva,London-Oxford-Cambridge,and Munich-Stuttgart.Among the top 20 cities,eight belong to Europe,six to the United States,and

308、four to Asia.Overall,the United States leads the global biotechnology industry,boasting the worlds most successful biotechnology companies and advanced technology.Compared to the United States,Europe and Asia have lower levels of ConclusionThe future industry has become a focal point of competition

309、among major powers,especially on a global scale,where the competition between developed countries and emerging economies for future industries is gradually intensifying.Numerous new concepts,technologies,and fields,including quantum technology,neuroscience,AI,unmanned technology,metamaterials,aerosp

310、ace and ocean,are constantly emerging.In response to this trend,countries have formulated industrial policies,provided more resources and support,and established the future industry as the main battlefield for governments and enterprises to compete in.The competition in the digital economy is becomi

311、ng increasingly fierce,and AI has emerged as its core industry,particularly the application of large models,making it a critical area of industrial competition among major countries.In this field,seizing the first-mover advantage in AI technology and industry,and establishing technological and indus

312、trial barriers,will help to secure a commanding position in future international competition.Developed countries have built solid technological barriers and advantages through years of technological accumulation and continuous investment from international giants,and hold a leading position in the a

313、pplication and industrial landing of AI.With the continuous expansion of commercial applications,AI technology is expected to become the core driving force of the digital economy and enter an explosive development stage,leading to increasingly fierce competition in the AI industry.Concurrently,the s

314、cale of green industries will continue to expand.As global carbon neutrality goals are gradually implemented and governments invest increasingly in green and low-carbon sectors,the global green industry is expected to further grow.The Ukrainian crisis has intensified pressure on Europes energy struc

315、ture transformation,prompting Europe and America to accelerate their comprehensive shift towards clean energy.Moving forward,the international energy industry will undergo structural changes,and nuclear energy is anticipated to become one of the main forms of energy in the future.To continue promoti

316、ng the development of nuclear energy,various countries have formulated a series of incentive policies,including the Future Roadmap of Nuclear Fusion Energy released by the US Department of Energy,the European Nuclear Fusion Research and Development Roadmap of the EU,and Japans Nuclear Fusion Energy

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