1、DIGITAL NEWS PROJECT JANUARY 2021 Journalism, Media, and Technology Trends and Predictions 2021 Nic Newman Contents About the Author 4 Acknowledgments 4 Executive Summary 5 1. The COVID-19 Fallout 8 1.1 Changing Newsrooms and Remote Working 8 1.2 Refocusing Journalism on Facts, Explanation, and Spec
2、ialism 9 1.3 Accelerating the Shift to Paid Content 12 1.4 Revenue Diversification: E-commerce and Live Events 13 1.5 Innovation: Pandemic Sparks More Radical Experimentation 16 2. Platforms, Publishers, and Regulation 19 2.1. Extending Platform Payments for News 19 2.2 Additional Platform Support v
3、ersus More Self-Reliance? 21 2.3 Regulation and the Role of Government 22 3. Impartiality versus the Search for Moral Clarity 24 4. Strategies for Engagement: Enduring Formats Find New Favour 27 4.1 Email Fuels Entrepreneurial Journalism 27 4.2 Podcasts and Audio 28 5. Next-Generation Technologies 3
4、0 5.1 Artificial Intelligence Gets Real 30 5.2 Faster 5G Networks and New Devices 33 6. Conclusions 35 Survey Methodology 36 THE REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM 4 About the Author Nic Newman is Senior Research Associate at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, where he has
5、 been lead author of the annual Digital News Report since 2012. He is also a consultant on digital media, working actively with news companies on product, audience, and business strategies for digital transition. He has produced a media and journalism predictions report for the last 12 years. This i
6、s the sixth to be published by the Reuters Institute. Nic was a founding member of the BBC News Website, leading international coverage as World Editor (19972001). As Head of Product Development (200110) he led digital teams, developing websites, mobile, and interactive TV applications for all BBC J
7、ournalism sites. Acknowledgements The author is grateful for the input of 234 digital leaders from 43 countries, who responded to a survey around the key challenges and opportunities in the year ahead. Respondents included 52 Editors-in-Chief, 45 CEOs or Managing Directors, and 29 Heads of Digital a
8、nd came from some of the worlds leading traditional media companies as well as digital-born organisations (see breakdown in the Survey Methodology). Survey input and answers helped guide some of the themes in this report. Some direct quotes do not carry names or organisations, at the request of thos
9、e contributors. The author is particularly grateful to Rasmus Kleis Nielsen for his ideas and suggestions and to Alex Reid for input on the manuscript and keeping the publication on track. As with many predictions reports there is a significant element of speculation, particularly around specifics a
10、nd the paper should be read bearing this in mind. Having said that, any mistakes factual or otherwise should be considered entirely the responsibility of the author who can be held accountable at the same time next year. Published by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism with the support
11、 of the Google News Initiative. 5 JOURNALISM, MEDIA, AND TECHNOLOGY TRENDS AND PREDICTIONS 2021 Executive Summary 2021 will be a year of profound and rapid digital change following the shock delivered by COVID-19. Lockdowns and other restrictions have broken old habits and created new ones, but it i
12、s only this year that well discover how fundamental those changes have been. While many of us crave a return to normal, the reality is likely to be different as we emerge warily into a world where the physical and virtual coexist in new ways. This will also be a year of economic reshaping, with publ
13、ishers leaning into subscription and e-commerce two future-facing business models that have been supercharged by the pandemic. While uncertainty has boosted audiences for journalism almost everywhere, those publishers that continue to depend on print revenues or digital advertising face a difficult
14、year with further consolidation, cost cutting, and closures. For giant tech platforms, the pandemic has forced a rethink on where the limits of free speech should lie. With lives at stake, and under threat of regulation, expect a more interventionist approach on harmful and unreliable content and gr
15、eater prominence for trusted news brands along with greater financial support. By year end, journalism could be a bit more separated from the mass of information that is published on the internet. New technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) will also drive greater efficiency and automation ac
16、ross many industries including publishing this year. But as AI moves out of R to journalism and formats; to business models; and to the way media companies think about innovation. How has coronavirus affected digital plans? 76%21% 3% Accelerated plans for digital change Put back plans for change Mad
17、e no diference Q4. How has coronavirus affected plans for digital change in your company? N = 234. 1.1 Changing Newsrooms and Remote Working The most obvious shift in journalistic practice has been the forced adoption of remote working practices, using online collaboration tools like Zoom and Slack.
18、 Many previously resistant journalists found they liked the new flexibility, while news organisations found it was possible to create newspapers, websites, and even radio and TV news programmes, from bedrooms, living rooms, and kitchens. Our newsroom went fully remote on March and we have been worki
19、ng like this since, notes Mara Ramirez, Deputy Managing Editor at El Diario in Spain. Well never return to the office with an old-style newsroom. Broadcasters mostly operated with a small number of key staff in the office supplemented by others in the field and at home. But at the height of the pand
20、emic, some newspapers were 9 JOURNALISM, MEDIA, AND TECHNOLOGY TRENDS AND PREDICTIONS 2021 being produced without anyone in the office an industry first. The biggest stories of the year, including the police killing of George Floyd and the drawn-out, nail-biting US election results, were coordinated
21、 and packaged using online tools: Having our entire team work remotely has been a game-changer, says one of the newsroom leaders coordinating election coverage for one of the biggest US newspapers: Covid forced the holdouts to get on board, which has improved internal communication, coordination and
22、 transparency. But while efficiency may have improved, newsroom leaders worry about the impact on creativity, at a time when long hours and the increased complexity of production have added to pressures on staff. As we revealed in our Changing Newsrooms report in October1, almost eight in ten (77%)
23、think that remote working has made it harder to build and maintain relationships, with many managers raising concerns about how to communicate effectively and about the mental health of employees. What will happen this year? Learning lessons. A key challenge for the year ahead will be how to move fr
24、om crisis mode towards a sustainable hybrid in-person/remote model. At the Straits Times in Singapore, Editor Warren Fernandez says they are re-examining the way the newsroom works physically and introducing more flexible arrangements. Many journalists would like to continue working from home, but o
25、thers cant wait to get back to the office. That may be a problem as up to half of news organisations have active plans to downsize their physical premises to save money, according to our Changing Newsrooms report. Expect some choppiness as new working practices are established and new agreements bet
26、ween management and unions are thrashed out. Face-to-face reporting could be making a comeback in 2021. The move to 24-hour online news has led more journalists to be chained to their desks, arguably contributing to a growing disconnect with audiences. This could be the year when that changes: Were
27、accelerating plans to embed more journalists and teams in the community, says Gaven Morris, Director News, Analysis & Investigations, for Australian public broadcaster ABC. The company has used the COVID-19 crisis to test new technology and newsgathering techniques. These include advancing efforts t
28、o crowd- source content and explore audience-driven investigations. Similar approaches have been tried in the UK by the BBC Local Democracy Reporting Service and by Facebook funding community reporters to cover under-represented areas.2 1.2 Refocusing Journalism on Facts, Explanation, and Specialism
29、 One unexpected by-product of the pandemic seems to have been a renewed confidence amongst journalists about the value of their product. Despite the bleak economic outlook, confidence in individual companies remains surprisingly strong (73%), while confidence in journalism more widely has increased
30、from 46% to 53%, when compared to last years survey. This may be partly because record audience figures during the coronavirus crisis have demonstrated the value that the public still places on reliable information: One can call it a renaissance of the news. Corona has affected everyone, so fact-bas
31、ed reporting represents a lifeline for the vast majority of our audience. Kaius Niemi, Senior Editor-in-Chief, Helsingin Sanomat 1 https:/reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/changing-newsrooms-2020-addressing-diversity-and-nurturing-talent-time- unprecedented-change 2 The community news project is ad
32、ministered by the National Council for the Training of Journalists and employs more than 70 journalists at regional press titles. https:/www.holdthefrontpage.co.uk/2020/news/facebook-reporters-bringing-something-new-to- newsrooms-study-finds/ THE REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM 10 Conf
33、idence in my company/the state of journalism Confdent Neutral Not Confdent Journalism in 2021 My Company in 2021 6%21%73% 11%36% 53% Q1/2: To what extent are you confident about your companys prospects/journalisms prospects in the year ahead? N = 235/234. This validation of fact-based reporting come
34、s against a backdrop of years of criticism of the news media by populist politicians, and critics on social media and elsewhere. In the early weeks of the crisis, the media showed strong innovation in digital formats to help explain the science. Coronavirus explained Data visualisation: Financial Ti
35、mes Service journalism: BBC News Fact checks and Q&As: Washington Post Expert podcasts from ABC, NDR, and CNN Companies that invested in specialist resources and talent before the crisis were in the best position to enhance their reputations. Health journalists and medical experts like Dr Norman Swa
36、n at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Professor Christian Drosten working with German broadcaster NDR, and Dr Sanjay Gupta for CNN have become household names dispensing their knowledge across TV, radio, podcasts, and online answering listener questions and helping to correct false informati
37、on. Other publishers built on expertise in data and visualisation to provide context while websites have used personalisation functionality to help audiences quickly understand changing rules. This matters because our own research shows that those who follow the news media closely know more about th
38、e pandemic and by implication are better equipped to stay safe.3 In our survey, media leaders clearly feel that unreliable information around coronavirus and other issues spread 3 https:/reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/infodemic-how-people-six-countries-access-and-rate-news-and-information-about-
39、 coronavirus 11 JOURNALISM, MEDIA, AND TECHNOLOGY TRENDS AND PREDICTIONS 2021 through social platforms has helped to strengthen the position of journalism (68%) rather than weaken it (22%) this year. Will worries about fake and inaccurate news strengthen or weaken journalism? Strengthen Weaken No di
40、ference Dont know 68% 22% 7% 3% Q13. Do you think worries over the distribution of fake/inaccurate news online and through platforms weaken or strengthen the position of news media like yours? N = 231. It is important to note that the media have not just amplified and explained official messages but
41、 have also delivered a number of powerful, independent investigations into governments handling of the crisis.4 Criticisms have not always gone down well with politicians and their supporters, especially in countries where even the issue of public health has become polarised. We can expect these ten
42、sions to be a continuing flashpoint in 2021. What else can we expect this year? Anti-vaxxer campaigns reach new pitch. Bottom-up activism and small well-organised groups drive much of the spread of anti-vaccine messaging. Popular posts and memes include suggestions that vaccines are part of a sinist
43、er plot to put microchips into people or that they are trying to re-engineer our genetic code. Expect to see tech platforms implement a more robust take-down policy, closing down anti-vaxxer accounts and groups, and labelling posts that share or spread untrue information. Media companies and social
44、networks will need to be careful that damaging messages are not amplified in the process of fact-checking and debunking. Newsrooms place more emphasis on specialism. This crisis has made many newsrooms realise how little they understand about science and technology and the value of that rare breed o
45、f journalists that can explain these complex issues to a general public. There is also a need to go faster in addressing priority subjects around broader environment and technology themes, as well as content for younger audiences, argues Phil Chetwynd, Global News Director for the AFP News agency. W
46、ith many newsrooms already under fire for an obsession with personality politics, expect a shift towards deeper and more diverse themes. More focus on data and visual storytelling formats. Both the pandemic and US elections demonstrated the value of news organisations that could visualise and explai
47、n complex stories in an accessible way. The Washington Posts coronavirus simulator5 was its most viewed story ever and helped make the case for the establishment of a new department of seven journalists which will start this year. Data journalism frequently breaks away from the traditional narrative
48、, offering 4 The Sunday Times: When Britain Sleepwalked into Disaster, https:/www.thetimes.co.uk/article/coronavirus-38-days-when-britain- sleepwalked-into-disaster-hq3b9tlgh, Tortoise Media, COVID Inquiry, https:/ 5 https:/ THE REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM 12 many pathways to expla
49、in and explore the news. Other publishers are looking to develop more visual content such as the stories format now adopted by most social platforms. Case for public media becomes stronger. Heavy usage of public broadcasters and their websites during the pandemic may have made it harder for critics
50、to undermine existing funding models a recurrent theme in many European countries. The UK government is set to shelve plans to decriminalise the license fee, a move that may have cost the BBC $1billion over five years. More widely, politicians may need to rethink their attacks on the fake news media
sgpjbg002
工作日 8:30 - 17:30
会员动态：
报告分类
新质生产力
ChatGPT
新能源汽车
大模型
Sora
机器人
微短剧
芯片
薪酬
白皮书
低空经济
数据要素
创新药
人工智能
AI产业
信息科技
互联网
消费经济
汽车交通
电商零售
传媒娱乐
医药健康
投资金融
能源环境
地产建筑
传统产业
英文报告
其它
扫码登录
手机快捷登录
账号登录
