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1、1/30Future Forum Future IMT Spectrum WhitePaperContents1 Introduction.32 China Telecom and Mobile Communication Network Development.32.1 China Mobile Network Development Status:.42.2 China Government Initiatives to drive technology and application Innovations in ICT industry area:73 Global 5G Develo

2、pment trends and current allocated Spectrum gap for 2025-2030.94 6G requirement and trends.114.1 User and Application Trends.124.2 Technology Trends Summary:.135 Study on 6G spectrum needs.156 Study of spectrum strategy developed by some countries.166.1.United States.166.2 EU RSPG work program 2024.

3、176.3 Japans Frequency Reorganization Action Plan.187 New Spectrum identified for IMT in WRC-23 and potential IMT new bands will be study for WRC-27.187.1 Outcome of WRC-23.187.1.1 600 MHz(Agenda item 1.5-Consideration of sub-1 GHz spectrum in Region 1).187.1.2 3 GHz(Agenda items 1.2 and 1.3).187.1.

4、2.1 Agenda item 1.3-Mobile use of the 3 600-3 800 MHz band in Region 1.187.1.2.2 Agenda item 1.2-IMT in the 3 300-3 400 MHz(Region 2 and amend footnote in Region 1)and 3 600-3 800 MHz(Region 2)bands.197.1.3 4.8 GHz(Agenda item 1.1-IMT in the 4 800-4 990 MHz band).197.1.4 6 GHz(Agenda item 1.2-IMT in

5、 the 6 425-7 025 MHz(Region 1)and 7 025-7 125 MHz(Globalbands).197.1.5 10 GHz(Agenda item 1.2-IMT in the 10-10.5 GHz(Region 2)band).207.2 WRC-27 new agenda item for IMT.208 6G Spectrum authorization regime and spectrum sharing.218.1 spectrum authorization regime(Ericsson).228.2 Spectrum sharing.228.

6、2.1 Multi-RAT spectrum sharing.222/308.2.2 Sharing on license exempted spectrum.238.2.3 Priority based spectrum sharing.249 Study some of new technologies that may impact to existing spectrum policy(Qualcomm).259.1 Sidelink.259.2 Sub Band Full Duplex.269.3 Ambient IoT.2710 Suggestions from mobile in

7、dustry for future mobile spectrum.2811 Thanks.2912 References.293/301 Introduction5G has been deployed in China and entered into the 5thyear of its commercial.5G-Advanced will bringmore capabilities and features and started to deploy since this year.Future Forum already discussed andvision,requireme

8、nts and technical characteristics of 6G communication networks and started to look atthe future spectrum to power the next phase and new generation of radio communication beyond 5G,5G-Advanced towards 6G.We believe future radio communication networks will be a large number of heterogeneous emergings

9、ervices virtualize all parts of life,society,and industries,humans and machines with automatedintelligent generative way to interact.To realize the future network vision enabled by future new radiocommunication network and to deliver its full potential,there is a need to secure timely spectrumavaila

10、bility.The white paper gives the Chinese mobile and ICT industry development status,introduce the Chinesegovernment initiatives to drive new innovation technology and applications in ICT field to supportChinese industry digital transformation and society development and showing the demand of mobilec

11、ommunication between year of 2025-2030 for 5G-Advanced and our vision of future 6G services andapplication scenarios.The white paper focus on the role of spectrum to unleash the full potential of 5G-Advanced and 6G,theimportance of existing spectrum as well as additional spectrum and the need to con

12、sider properauthorization regime and spectrum sharing with other services and within mobile system itself.It alsobrings up several technology innovations that could lead some spectrum policy impacts in future.Finallywe look at the WRC-23 outcome of new spectrum allocation and identified spectrum for

13、 IMT and alsoWRC-27 new agenda items as well,which we see the potential future spectrum for 6G with ourrecommendation to consider potential future mobile spectrum in China from Future Forum point ofview.2 China Telecom and Mobile CommunicationNetwork DevelopmentChina telecommunication market has bee

14、n kept its growth since its very beginning.This is due to thenew generation of the mobile communication technology development bringing more and moreemerging services based on new radio technologies evolving from analog to digital,narrow band tobroadband.More data rate and throughput transmission br

15、ing new network capability and create newservices like mobile internet and brings more revenue to the service providers.The chapter show Chinamobile network development trends and illustrate the Chinese government initiatives to encouragetechnology and application innovations in the new ICT areas,sh

16、owing the commitment of Chinesedemand of new mobile communication network development.4/302.1 China Mobile Network Development Status:China Mobile network develop dramatically as the China telecom development.The following chartsshows the China Telecom Income and investment growth,fixed and mobile s

17、ubscribers and especiallythe mobile internet subscribers and mobile internet traffic growth since the statics taken by Chinesegovernment.Telecom Income:Figure 1:China Telecom Income statistic since its record from 2004Telecom Investment：Figure 2:Statistic of China Telecom Investment since its record

18、 from 2004Fixed Subscribers5/30Figure 3:Statistic of Chinese Fixed Subscribers since its record from year 2000Mobile SubscribersFigure 4:Statistics of Chinese Mobile Subscribers since its record from year 2000Fixed Penetration:6/30Figure 5:Statistics of Fixed penetration since its record from year 2

19、006Mobile PenetrationFigure 6:Statistics of Mobile Penetration since its record from year 2006Mobile Internet Subscriber7/30Figure 7:Statistics of Mobile Internet Subscribers since its record from year 2013Mobile Internet Traffic:Figure 8:Statistic of Mobile Internet Traffic Growth since its record

20、from year 20132.2 China Government Initiatives to drive technology and application Innovations in ICTindustry area:China economy strongly benefit from telecom and especially the digital economy strongly relying onmobile network.The Chinese regulators realized the digital economy impact to real econo

21、my,had madeand driven a series of promotion actions to further enhance the new applications development andconvergence of the innovated technologies based on mobile network.8/30Since 2016 China MIIT has recognized that cloud computing is new emerging industry strategiccomponent,and identified the si

22、gnificate goals of promotion of cloud computing healthy developmentto accelerate industry transformation and information consumers.They also established the intelligent manufacturing actions plan for the years in period of 2016-2020and 2020-2023.Series of action plans have been made for many key tec

23、hnology innovations andapplications.They issued the Three Year Action Plan for Promoting the Development of the New Generation AIIndustry(2018-2020),which focuses on the deep integration of information technology andmanufacturing technology,and integrated application of the new generation AI technol

24、ogy to assist theeconomic transition and benefit society development.China government promoted IoT construction and since the year before last year,the IoT connectionsnumber has exceeded the human connection number in China.China MIIT proposed the industrial internet development action plan in 2018

25、and issued the 5G+Industrial internet 512 engineering project,targeting to develop 5G+Industrial Internet 10 typicalapplication scenarios and 20 use cases.And now after 5 years,the Chinese 5G+industrial internetdevelopment increase dramatically and exceed much more than expected.35000 use cases and

26、coversin major key industry areas and commercial projects emerge constantly.MIIT raise the 5G applicationsailing action plan to further guide 5G applications to various industries and society development.In2022,they issued the 5G fully connected factory guidelines to guide the manufacturing industry

27、 to build5G smart factories.Chinese government the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,the State Administration ofRadio and Television,and the Central Radio and Television Administration jointly Issued the Action Planfor the Development of Ultra High Definition Video Industry(2019-2022),

28、with intention to explore theapplication of 5G in ultra-high definition video transmission,and achieve the collaborative developmentof ultra-high definition video services and 5G.It will be widely used in TV broadcasting,securitymonitoring,entertainment,health care,intelligent transportation and int

29、elligent manufacturing areas.The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,the Ministry of Education,the Ministry of Cultureand Tourism,the State Administration of Radio and Television,and the General Administration of Sportjointly released the Action Plan for the Integration and Development o

30、f Virtual Reality and IndustryApplications(2022-2026).The development goal of integrated applications is to deepen the organicintegration of virtual reality and industries in industrial production,cultural tourism,integrated media,education and training,sports and health,commercial creativity,entert

31、ainment,safety emergency,disability assistance,smart cities,and other fields.The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,the Ministry of Education,the Ministry of Cultureand Tourism,the State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council,and the General Office o

32、f the State Administration of Radio and Television jointly issued the Three YearAction Plan for Innovation and Development of the Metaverse Industry(2023-2025).The developmentof the metaverse industry will greatly open up new scenarios,applications,and ecosystems for thedigital economy,and cultivate

33、 new economic drivers,especially in the development of an industrial9/30metaverse that promotes the integration of virtual and real,and further accelerate the upgrading ofhigh-end,intelligent,and green manufacturing.Following the trends of China Mobile Network development,especially from the above i

34、nformationabout the government initiatives and action plans,it would give strong signal that China market willcontinue its momentum to develop new application services through innovated technologies like bigdata,cloud computing and AI to improve peoples life,society,industry and sustainability.It is

35、 toforecast that mobile network and technology development in China will keep its momentum to continuedriving the connectivity demand and providing high quality network performance to support thedemand of new services of HD video,VR,metaverse and applications of big data,cloud and AI/ML.Andradio spe

36、ctrum will be a key element to unlock the new mobile network development for 5G-A and 6G.3 Global 5G Development trends and currentallocated Spectrum gap for 2025-2030In this chapter,we look at the global 5G development progress,trends of new emerging service andtraffic growth,study the global alloc

37、ated 5G spectrum.We proposed to consider the demand of 2025-2030 new mobile services and traffic demand to consider the requirement of mid-band spectrum forIMT.According to GSA(Global Supplier Association),by the end of January 2024,585 operators in 176countries and territories investing in 5G,inclu

38、ding trials,acquisition of licenses,planning,networkdeployment and launches.Increasing of 5G new emerging services,bandwidth and throughput lead to more spectrum allocationincreased dramatically for 5G comparing to previous generations.And in order to satisfy the differentdeployment,5G allocate spec

39、trum in low-band,mid-band,and high-band ranges.Different regions andcountries may have different paces of spectrum allocations,but it is expected that by 2030,enoughspectrum in all these ranges would have been released to unlock the full potential of 5G and itsevolution(5G-Advanced).The mobile spect

40、rum include 600MHz,700 MHz,1400-1500 MHz,2.1 GHz,2300-2400 MHz,2496-2690 MHz,C-Band,4800-5000 MHz,6425-7125MHz and 24.25-27.5 GHz.Somecountries like China has gradually refarmed the existing 2G spectrum in 900MHz for 5G and 3G spectrumin 2.1GHz.In future 1.8GHz 4G will be refarmed to 5G as well.Thes

41、e will make 5G the dominate mobiletechnology from the global market point of view.Here is a snapshot of global allocated and targeted 5G spectrum.10/30Figure 9:Snapshot of Global Allocated and Targeted 5G SpectrumAccording to Ericsson Mobility Report,total global mobile data traffic excluding traffi

42、c generated byFixed Wireless Access(FWA)was 130 EB per month at the end of 2023.This is projected to grow by afactor of around 3 and to reach 403 EB per month in 2029.Predicted traffic growth up to 2029 includesan assumption that an initial uptake of XR-type services,including AR,VR and mixed realit

43、y(MR),willhappen in the latter part of the forecast period.However,if adoption is stronger than expected,datatraffic could increase significantly more than currently anticipated toward the end of the improveddevice capabilities;an increase in data-intensive content;and growth in data consumption,due

44、 tocontinued improvements in the performance of deployed networks.Data traffic will increasesignificantly in line with the expected uptake of gaming,XR and video-based apps.These experiencesrequire higher video resolutions,increased uplink traffic,and more data from devices off-loaded tocloud comput

45、ing resources to satisfy users.At the end of 2023,video traffic is estimated to account for73 percent of all mobile data traffic.Populous markets that launch 5G early are likely to lead in terms oftraffic growth over the forecast period.5Gs share of mobile data traffic is estimated to be 25 percent

46、atthe end of 2023,an increase from 15 percent at the end of 2022.This share is forecast to grow to 76percent in 2029.11/30Figure 10:forecast of global total mobile data traffic growthBased on this service and traffic growth,additional new spectrum is essential for 5G-Advanced for thetime-frame of 20

47、25-2030 for operators to cope with capacity demand from emerging new services likegaming,XR and video based apps.4 6G requirement and trendsIn this chapter,we look into the 6G service applications and key technologies demand.Todaysadvanced 5G networks have provided very high performance and converge

48、d to various areas of verticalapplications.Recent development of large language model provides highly intelligent human-machineinteraction experience and highly creative content generative capabilities,which will make a growingintegration of AI into daily life and also from various industries includ

49、ing telecom,manufacturing etc.Another areas are semiconductors and material science development which also will contribute to thefuture telecom network to achieve even high goals.For example,we just demonstrate some use cases may evolve from 5G to 6G like the following figure.12/30Figure 11:Example

50、of use cases evolve from 5G to 6G6G will not only enhance the fundamental features of 5G eMBB,and URLLC,but also with additionalenhancements in reliability,positioning,sensing accuracy and energy efficiency.Seamless interactions between the physical and the digital worlds will be key characteristics

51、 of 6G.Multi-sensory and immersive communications will enable the true realization of eXtended Reality(XR).Metaverse and digital twins will be further advanced by 6G,and also applications with high-accuracysensing,positioning,and reliability industrial environments.6G will also address sustainabilit

52、y,not only for its own sustainability but also will enable other industriesand governments to reach their sustainability goals.4.1 User and Application TrendsIMT-2030 is expected to connect humans,machines,and various things together,enabling applicationsand services that provide immersive experienc

53、es and intelligent interactions.The trends include:Ubiquitous intelligence:AI powers networks,cities,and air interfaces.Ubiquitous Computing:Real-time data processing enables efficient resource use andworkload management.Immersive Experiences:XR and telepresence offer multi-sensory interactions.Digi

54、tal Twins:Digital replicas of physical assets for modeling and control.Industrial Revolution:Real-time intelligence and reliable connectivity drive industry 4.0.Global Connectivity:Access to education,health,and business for all.Sensing and Communication:AI-enhanced sensing enables precise positioni

55、ng andautomation.Sustainability:IMT-2030 promotes environmental and social responsibility.13/30Figure 12:Usage scenarios and overarching aspects of IMT-2030IMT-2030 aims to seamlessly connect humans,machines,and other entities.With advancements inhuman-machine interfaces,it offers immersive experien

56、ces.Machines will be intelligent,autonomous,and precise due to AI progress.IMT-2030 integrates sensing and AI in communication,driving digitalgrowth,societal changes,equality,connectivity,and security.4.2 Technology Trends Summary:IMT2030 technology requirement for application trends demands network

57、s that are extremelyperformant,seamlessly connected,integrated,AI-driven,secure,sustainable,and flexible.Theserequirements will enable the emergence of transformative new applications and services,driving furthersocietal and economic growth.Emerging Technology Trends and Enablers:AI-native air inter

58、face:Enhanced radio interface performance using AI.Integrated sensing and communication:New capabilities and services with highersensing accuracy.Edge computing:Real-time responses and data efficiency by processing data near thesource.High-throughput,ultra-accurate device-to-device communication:Sup

59、port for newapplications.Spectrum utilization enhancements:Larger bandwidths,higher frequencies,andefficient resource management.Energy efficiency:Low power consumption for devices and networks.14/30 Real-time communication with ultra-low latency:Accurate time and frequencyinformation sharing,proact

60、ive radio access.Security and resilience:Distributed ledger technologies,differential privacy,quantumtechnology for RAN security.Technologies to Enhance the Radio Interface:Advanced modulation methods for high-frequency performance.Advanced coding schemes(polar coding,LDPC,etc.).Advanced waveform de

61、sign for specific scenarios.Non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)and grant-free multiple access.Extreme MIMO(E-MIMO)with new antenna arrays and AI assistance.Self-interference cancellation(SIC)for in-band full duplex.Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces(RIS),holographic radio(HR),and orbital angularmo

62、mentum(OAM)for beamforming enhancements.Communications using appropriate frequency resources for high data rates,lowlatency,sensing,and positioning.Ultra-high accuracy positioning using ultra-wide bandwidth,E-MIMO,carrier phasepositioning,AI/ML techniques,and integrated data communication and positi

63、oning.Capabilities of IMT-2030Figure 13:Capabilities of IMT-2030IMT2030 trends spotlight advancements shaping wireless communications future.AI integration foroptimized networks,sensing-communication fusion for innovative services,edge computing for real-time responses,and high-throughput,low-latenc

64、y device-to-device communication are key.Spectrum&15/30energy efficiency,low-latency tech,and robust security are crucial for 6G.These trends aim to boostwireless systems performance,efficiency,and security.5 Study on 6G spectrum needs6G will serve above described new use cases.Mobile broadband will

65、 continue to be important,as newgeneration of mobile technology will increase the data throughput and experience of the user andtherefore boost the data consumption and traffic growth and ARPU as 5G does comparing to 4G.Whenconsidering the 6G new use cases such as immersive communication from 3D XR

66、or holographiccommunication,even will significantly drive the need for additional spectrum.Most applications willrequire both outdoor and indoor mobility and while Wi-Fi and other indoor solutions are partiallyoffloading indoor traffic.Mobile networks remain key to enabling wide-area mobility and to

67、 ensuringlow delays even outside of indoor environments.According to IMT-2030 PG study of future 6G requirements to support high-resolution video holographiccommunication,single user uplink and downlink data rates are required for 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/srespectively in order to avoid the sickness of

68、 motion.Assuming in a wide-area urban environment with0.004 user/m,it will need 1.6 Mbit/s/m in the downlink with 60%traffic offloading to Wi-Fi.In arelatively dense three-sector network with inter-site distances of 200 m,this translates into 55Gbit/s/site.Assuming a downlink spectral efficiency of

69、7.8 bit/s/Hz in each sector,this translates intoapproximately 2.4 GHz of spectrum suitable for wide-area coverage.Considering further themultisensory extensions such as touch,taste,and smell to increase the level of immersion beyondaudio-visual and realize the internet-of-senses vision.This will fur

70、ther drive the amount of spectrumsuitable for wide-area coverage.The massive digital twin is another driver for wide-area spectrum.For instance,building a high-precision4D digital map of a city requires collecting data and information on the citys buildings,vehicles,roads,traffic situations,water ma

71、nagement,sanitation,garbage collection,and electricity services etc.Although the data rate from each sensor in many cases is modest,the sheer number of sensors resultsin challenges in terms of aggregated data rates.For example,assuming 15 kbit/s from each sensor and10 sensors/m,150 kbit/s/m will be

72、required.Access to a digital twin is not only expected in very denseurban deployments,but also in less dense suburban areas where a lower spectral efficiency is expected.Noting the UL-heavy traffic connected to this use case,with an inter-site distance of 500 m and an uplinkspectral efficiency of 11

73、 bit/s/Hz(approximately twice that of 5G),around 300 MHz of wide-areaspectrum is required for communication purposes.Integrated sensing and communication usage,for example,a base station located in a streetintersection can be used to estimate the position or speed of vehicles to assist traffic safet

74、y applications.If 0.5 m range resolution is needed,at least 300 MHz of bandwidth is necessary.The spectrum needs for massive digital twin and Integrated sensing are in addition to what is motivatedby holographic communication as they are uncoordinated use cases by different users.This leads to intot

75、al about 3 GHz of wide-area spectrum.16/30In addition to the use cases requiring wide-area coverage,there are also some use cases for which localarea coverage is sufficient.Examples could be professional high-resolution holographic communicationin factories and hospitals,wireless connectivity of com

76、pute units in data centers,or indoor mobilebroadband.The data rates required vary depending on the use case but could easily be about 100 Gbit/s,indicating a spectrum need in the order of 1015 GHz in such a local scenario,complementing the wide-area spectrum.Finally,it is important to note that the

77、set of use cases discussed in this section is not exhaustive andrepresents new use cases on top of the continued growth of existing services such as traditional mobilebroadband and XR.6 Study of spectrum strategy developed bysome countriesThe World Radiocommunication Conference 2023(WRC-23),the Olym

78、pics for international spectrumcoordination,concluded successfully in Dubai last December.163 countries and 3987 delegates from allover the world attended this meeting.Various countries and regions have been studied on newadditional spectrum for IMT and preparing for the WRCs process to harmonize th

79、e spectrumidentification or studied in its national spectrum strategy before and after the WRC.6.1.United StatesOn November 13,2023,the White House released the National Spectrum Strategy to ensure spectrumresources are available to support innovation now and into the future.Future demand for spectr

80、um-based services and technologies is expected to grow substantially acrossmany commercial sectors.According to one estimate,data traffic on macro cellular networks isexpected to increase by over 250%in the next 5 years,and over 500%in the next 10 years.Next-generation wireless technologies such as

81、5G,6G,and Wi-Fi necessitate additional spectrum resourceswith the capacity for wider channels,resulting in benefits beyond increased capacity,includingenhanced energy efficiency,improved reliability,and reduced latency.Meanwhile,demand for satellite-based services is exploding,with domestic firms fi

82、ling license applications for constellationssome withtens of thousands of satellitesto support consumer broadband,in-space assembly and manufacturing,earth observation and imaging,cislunar activities,and a host of other uses.In identifying spectrum bands for in-depth study,NTIA(National Telecommunic

83、ations and InformationAdministration)evaluated input received through a public-facing process from a variety of sources.Taken together,this input has led to the identification of the following five spectrum bands meriting in-depth study in the near term.This approximately 2,790 megahertz of spectrum

84、 represent a mix of bandsfor potential expanded use for an array of advanced,next-generation applications and services:Lower 3 GHz(3.1-3.45 GHz):Pursuant to the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021,theDepartment of Defense(DoD)has studied the possibility of sharing this 350 megahertz ofspe

85、ctrum with the private sector.DoDs studies helped to determine whether this band shouldbe reallocated for shared Federal and non-Federal use and licensed through auction.DoDdetermined that sharing is feasible if certain advanced interference-mitigation features and a17/30coordination framework to fa

86、cilitate spectrum sharing are put in place.The Departments ofCommerce and Defense will co-lead any follow-on studies to the Emerging Mid-band RadarSpectrum Study(EMBRSS)that focus on future use of the 3.1-3.45 GHz band.Additional studieswill explore dynamic spectrum sharing and other opportunities f

87、or private-sector access in theband,while ensuring DoD and other Federal mission capabilities are preserved,with anynecessary changes.5030-5091 MHz:The FCC,in coordination with NTIA and the Federal Aviation Administration,isexpected to take near-term action to facilitate limited deployment of UAS in

88、 this band.Thereafter,these 61 megahertz of spectrum will be studied so that the FCC can optimize UASspectrum access across the band while avoiding harmful interference to other protected in-bandand adjacent-band operations.7125-8400 MHz:These 1,275 megahertz of spectrum will be studied for wireless

89、 broadband use(on a licensed and/or unlicensed basis),though some sub-bands eventually may be studied forother uses.There are,however,a variety of mission-critical Federal operations in this band(including Fixed,Fixed Satellite,Mobile,Mobile Satellite,Space Research,Earth ExplorationSatellite,and Me

90、teorological Satellite services)that will make it challenging to repurposeportions of the band while protecting incumbent users from harmful interference.18.1-18.6 GHz:These 500 megahertz of spectrum will be studied for expanded Federal and non-Federal satellite operations,consistent with the U.S.po

91、sition at the 2023 WorldRadiocommunication Conference(WRC-23),which would add space-to-space allocations to thisband(among others).Fixed Satellite Service downlink operations are currently authorized in theband.In addition,non-Federal Fixed Service is authorized in the 18.1-18.3 GHz segment of theba

92、nd.37.0-37.6 GHz:Building on prior collaborative efforts of NTIA,DoD and the FCC,this 600megahertz of spectrum will be further studied to implement a co-equal,shared-use frameworkallowing Federal and non-Federal users to deploy operations in the band.6.2 EU RSPG work program 2024EU RSPG(Radio Spectr

93、um Policy Group)under European Commission Communications Networks,Content and Technology has developed its work program 2024 to provide their stakeholders with anoverview of the activities in the coming two years period.This new Work Program will review and reporton the outcome of WRC-23 and also wo

94、rk for the RSPG Report on 6G strategic vision,including theevaluation of coverage and capacity needs for 6G use cases and usages scenarios with initialconsideration on 6G spectrum vision.Their work deliverable plan including the following items:-Report on the result of the WRC-23:June 2024.-Interim

95、Opinion on WRC-27:June 2025.-Planned type of deliverable RSPG Opinion on long-term vision for the upper 6 GHz band(2030and beyond).oDraft Opinion for Public consultation:February 2025,oFinal Opinion:June 2025-RSPG Workshops with the stakeholders:as appropriate Draft Report on 6G strategic vision:Nov

96、ember 2024-Final Report on 6G strategic vision:February 202518/306.3 Japans Frequency Reorganization Action PlanThe Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications has established and published a“FrequencyReorganization Action Plan”for physical year 2023 in December last year.It was initiated since

97、2003 byMIC and reviewed announced the plan every year based on their evaluation to the survey on actualradio spectrum usage every fiscal year.Securing of frequencies toward 5G and promotion of beyond 5G(6G)are 2 key areas for consideration in the action plan.Identification of beyond 5G(6G)will beexa

98、mined to achieve global harmonization with the frequency use in other countries based on the IMTfrequency bands identified by ITU.7 New Spectrum identified for IMT in WRC-23 and potential IMT new bands will bestudy for WRC-277.1 Outcome of WRC-23The 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference(WRC-23),h

99、eld in Dubai and concluded on 15December 2023,achieved spectrum developments and regulatory revisions for International MobileTelecommunications(IMT)related frequency bands.These achievements have the potential to ensurethe continued growth and proliferation of 5G across different regions,support th

100、e future deployment of5G-Advanced and 6G use cases,and facilitate the rapid expansion of mobile data usage by identifyingadditional mid-band spectrum for mobile telecommunications.Specific spectrum allocations and achievements are summarized below by frequency band.7.1.1 600 MHz(Agenda item 1.5-Cons

101、ideration of sub-1 GHz spectrum in Region 1)The discussions of 600 MHz frequency band are under WRC-23 agenda item 1.5.After fierce debatesand final negotiations,the conference made agreement on the allocation of new mobile low-bandspectrum at 600 MHz.In the end,614-694 MHz is allocated to mobile se

102、rvice on a primary basis andidentified for IMT in Middle East,470-694 MHz is allocated to mobile service on a secondary basis inEurope.In addition,614-694 MHz is allocated to mobile service on a secondary basis in some Africancountries.WRC-23 paves the path for greater digital equality by defining m

103、obile use of a more low-band spectrumin the 470-694 MHz band in Europe,the Middle East and Africa(EMEA).Low frequency bands play acrucial role in expanding network connectivity capacity,especially in large areas such as rural areaswhere there will be greater signal coverage.7.1.2 3 GHz(Agenda items

104、1.2 and 1.3)7.1.2.1 Agenda item 1.3-Mobile use of the 3 600-3 800 MHz band in Region 1The 3 GHz under WRC-23 agenda item 1.3 considering possible primary allocation of the band 3 600-3800 MHz to mobile service(except aeronautical)within Region 1 and take appropriate regulatoryactions.19/30The regula

105、tory changes agreed for the frequency band 3 600-3 800 MHz in Region 1 include a primarymobile allocation in 3 600-3 800 MHz throughout Region 1,with specific conditions outlined in a newfootnote,and IMT identification through country footnotes for 3 600-3 800 MHz in most countries in theMiddle East

106、 and Africa,as well as for 3 600-3 700 MHz in a few African countries.The frequency band 3 600-3 800 MHz supports a variety of wide area mobile services and plays asignificant role in several countries,including wireless broadband connectivity.An upgraded primaryservice could provide greater regulat

107、ory certainty for countries interested in using the band to developtheir mobile services.7.1.2.2 Agenda item 1.2-IMT in the 3 300-3 400 MHz(Region 2 and amend footnote in Region 1)and 3 600-3 800 MHz(Region 2)bandsThe 3 GHz under WRC-23 agenda item 1.2 includes 3 300-3 400 MHz(Region 1),3 300-3 400

108、MHz(Region 2)and 3 600-3 800 MHz(Region 2).Mainly considering IMT identification for these frequencybands.Following consultations and discussions among interested parties at WRC-23,the frequency band 3 300-3 400 MHz was allocated to the mobile service and identified for IMT throughout Region 2(Ameri

109、cas)and in most African countries.The primary mobile allocation remains unchanged among countries in theMiddle East.As regards the frequency band 3 600-3 800 MHz in Region 2,3 600-3 700 MHz among it is identified foruse by administrations wishing to implement IMT in Region 2.While the frequency band

110、 3 700-3 800MHz is identified for use by 15 countries wishing to implement IMT by adding a country footnote.The above 3 GHz mid-band can take into account both the coverage and capacity of IMT,which is themain frequency band for the development of IMT systems and recognized as the pioneer 5G band.7.

111、1.3 4.8 GHz(Agenda item 1.1-IMT in the 4 800-4 990 MHz band)The discussions of the frequency band 4.8 GHz(4 800-4 990 MHz)is under WRC-23 agenda item 1.1,which studies possible measures to address protection of stations of the aeronautical and maritimemobile services located in international airspac

112、e and waters from other stations located within nationalterritories,as well as reviewing the power flux-density(pfd)limit in No.5.441B.No change was made to the current conditions with pdf limits remaining due to different views on thisagenda item.Therefore,the use of the frequency band 4 800-4 990

113、MHz for IMT stations should besubject to agreement in accordance with No.9.21 with concerned countries.Finally,14 countries addedtheir country names in footnote 5.441B to identify the frequency band 4 800-4 990 MHz for IMT,while 3countries withdrew their names from the exemption list.Several countri

114、es are interested in the frequency band 4 800-4 990 MHz for expanding their IMTservices in this agenda item.7.1.4 6 GHz(Agenda item 1.2-IMT in the 6 425-7 025 MHz(Region 1)and 7 025-7 125 MHz(Global bands)The negotiations of the frequency bands 6 GHz,including 6 425-7 025 MHz in Region 1 and 7 025-7

115、 125MHz globally,are also under WRC-23 agenda item 1.2,which is to consider identification of these twobands for IMT.20/30After several discussions and consultations at WRC-23.All frequency bands 6 425-7 125 MHz areidentified for IMT in Region 1 and some countries in Region 2.The frequency band 7 02

116、5-7 125 MHz isidentified for IMT in Region 3(Asia-Pacific),and the frequency band 6 425-7 025 MHz is identified forIMT in several countries on this basis.In the meantime,the Conference indicated in the Resolution ofthe new WRC-27 agenda item on IMT that in the future,other Asia-Pacific countries cou

117、ld directly jointhe footnote on IMT identification of the 6 425-7 025 MHz band without the need for further technicaland regulatory studies.It is expected that more countries will add their country names to the footnote at the WRC-27 toidentify this frequency band for IMT.This global agreement ensur

118、es the continued growth of 5G aroundthe world and paves the way for 6G in the future.7.1.5 10 GHz(Agenda item 1.2-IMT in the 10-10.5 GHz(Region 2)band)The discussions of 10 GHz(10.0-10.5 GHz)frequency band are also under WRC-23 agenda item 1.2,which is to consider identification of this band for IMT

119、 in Region 2.At WRC-23,several rounds of negotiation and communication were conducted.In the end,thefrequency band 10-10.5 GHz is allocated to mobile service and identified for the implementation of theterrestrial component of IMT in 12 Region 2 countries by modifying existing footnote and adding a

120、newfootnote,and it is limited in power to allow for coexistence with radiolocation and EESS services.WRC-23 agreed on the allocation of additional mobile low-band spectrum(below 1 GHz)and mid-bandspectrum in the 3.5 GHz and 6 GHz ranges,as well as 10 GHz.The spectrum is identified to help supportIMT

121、 services that may be difficult to implement using lower or higher frequency bands.It providesopportunities for the development of the mobile communications industry by meeting capacity andcoverage requirements.The WRC-23 made significant strides in spectrum allocation for 5G and future mobile techn

122、ologies,including 5G-Advanced and 6G,setting a clear path for global digital evolution and connectivityenhancement.The global agreement on spectrum allocation and sharing conditions reached by the InternationalTelecommunication Union(ITU)at WRC-23 marks a significant milestone,not only in the contin

123、uedgrowth and evolution of 5G and 5G-Advanced connectivity,but also in the progress and path towardsthe deployment of 6G.With new spectrum and requirements now defined,the entire global mobile ecosystem is now equippedwith the confidence to innovate for the future development of mobile communication

124、 and dedicated tobringing 5G growth,6G innovation and socio-economic benefits to mobile connectivity around the world.7.2 WRC-27 new agenda item for IMTWRC-23 established the general scope of the agenda for the next World RadiocommunicationConference in 2027 including the new Agenda Item 1.7 to cons

125、ider studies on sharing and compatibilityand develop technical conditions for the use of International Mobile Telecommunications(IMT)in thefrequency bands 4 400-4 800 MHz,7 125-8 400 MHz(or parts thereof),and 14.8-15.35 GHz taking into21/30account existing primary services operating in these,and adj

126、acent,frequency bands,in accordance withResolution COM6/26(WRC-23);With this new Agenda Item,based on results of studies during the next four-year cycle,WRC-27 willconsider the identification of frequency band(s):4 400-4 800 MHz,or parts thereof,in Region 1 and Region 3;7 125-8 400 MHz,or part there

127、of,in Region 2 and Region 3;7 125-7 250 MHz and 7 750-8 400,or part thereof,in Region 1;14.8-15.35 GHz,for the terrestrial component of IMT.Figure 14:candidate IMT bands included in WRC-27 AI 1.7The new agenda item opens the good opportunities for us to study the 6G candidate frequency bandson top o

128、f ongoing growth of 5G worldwide.It represents a significant milestone not just in thecontinued growth of 5G and 5G-Advanced connectivity,but also in the path to 6G,with a clear vision ofthe spectrum requirements for 6G.4.4-4.8GHz is good for propagation characteristic that can provide similar cover

129、age in sub-6GHz band,however it is currently the harmonized frequency for AMS and land military systems,MMS andtelemetry/telecommand military services.7.125-8.4GHz is the lowest centimeter wave spectrum and close to U6GHz with similar coveragecharacteristic,however,in Europe,is partially(7.25-9GHz)l

130、isted for ship,land and airbornesurveillance and military satellite systems.14.8-15.35GHz,according to CEPT,is being used by aeronautical military systems,land military systemsand maritime military systems.Sharing with these services as well as services in adjacent bands will be none trivial and a l

131、ot of studyneed to be taken to ensure coexistence.Sub-THz spectrum is on the preliminary list for studies towards WRC-31.8 6G Spectrum authorization regime andspectrum sharingThe chapter will discuss the 6G spectrum authorization regime and spectrum sharing aspects.22/308.1 spectrum authorization re

132、gime(Ericsson)Licensing regime is recommended in the above discussed bands with consideration of the area to cover.Spectrum authorization in other bands within the sub-THz range is expected to be partly licensed andpartly license exempted,depending on requirements and types of deployment.QoS or reli

133、abilitydemands(that is,availability,interference free operations)point to a licensing regime to ensurepredictability.It will be possible to deploy 6G in the existing spectrum and additional 5G/5G-Advancedspectrum available by 2030(under technology neutral spectrum regulations).There is also a critic

134、alneed to provide additional spectrum in the WRC-23 newly identified band and hopefully the bandsincluded in WRC-27 agenda item 1.7,and ideally as close as possible to the mid-band range.In addition,the complementary sub-THz range should be considered where substantially larger spectrum chunkscould

135、be made available,but with restricted coverage.8.2 Spectrum sharingIt is very hard to find spectrum that complete empty use at this time.No spectrum will be free.Sharingwith other services and sharing within existing mobile network itself will be important techniques to bestudied.8.2.1 Multi-RAT spe

136、ctrum sharingTraditionally,new spectrum needs to be allocated before the rollout of each generation of mobilecommunication,and vacating and refarming the existing spectrum can take years.The flexibility ofOFDMA enables a much faster rollout in the existing bands by allowing multiple radio accesstech

137、nologies to share the same spectrum dynamically.For example,DSS is used to speed up the rolloutof 5G in existing 4G bands as below figure 15.Figure 15:DSS enables flexible spectrum sharing between LTE and NRCyclic prefix(CP)OFDMA serves as a common multiple access framework for both RATs to dynamica

138、llyshare time and/or frequency resource on the same carrier.More efficient spectrum sharing is expectedfor the migration from 5G to 6G,thanks to the forward compatible design of 5G NR.In addition,systemswith narrow beamwidth transmission and reception can enable spatial sharing mechanisms even acros

139、stechnologies and lead to new opportunities for sharing of spectrum.If bands are not cleared for 6G operations specifically,spectrum sharing solutions should be explored toensure that 6G deployments do not cause harmful interference to incumbent services while theyachieve the desired 6G QoS.Co-exist

140、ence with other services will have to be studied and evaluated,depending on the services discussed and their technical and operational parameters.Besides traditional23/30sharing techniques that have been the cornerstone of service co-existence like exclusion zones,6Gscore technological advancements

141、may introduce additional sharing scenarios.For example,with regardto satellite services,the use of AAS may allow 3D beamforming that can minimize interference to asatellite receiver.Suitable AAS design trade-off can minimize the base stations equivalent isotopicallyradiated power(EIRP)above the hori

142、zon by main lobe down-tilting and sidelobe suppression,which canmeet the protection criteria in place.Similarly,sharing with incumbent radar systems may require staticexclusion zones around low-power radars,and more dynamic sharing with high-power radars can allowfor more efficient use of the spectr

143、um.8.2.2 Sharing on license exempted spectrumLicense exempted spectrum allows different technologies sharing the spectrum with same priority andsharing technology like LBT has been invented for fairly utilizing the spectrum.5G New Radio Unlicensed(NR-U)is an evolution of the 4G LTE License Assisted

144、Access(LAA)standardsand also includes the standalone deployment on unlicensed spectrum.The feature is first introduced in3GPP release 13.NR-U supports three deployment modes:Carrier Aggregation,which is based on LTE-LAA where the unlicensed spectrum is used only toaugment downstream user plane capac

145、ity.Control plane data is transported over licensedspectrum only.Dual Connectivity,which supports both upstream and downstream user plane traffic over theunlicensed spectrum.This is built on extended LAA(eLAA),introduced in 3GPP release 14.Again,this is designed for traffic offload and not coverage

146、so control plane traffic is transported only overthe licensed spectrum.Standalone,which represents the first time the 3GPP has defined a mode of operation that reliessolely on unlicensed spectrum for control and user plane traffic.This implementation was built onLTE technology developed by the Multe

147、Fire Alliance.Figure 16 NR-U provides both license assisted sharing and standalone sharingWith NR-Us standalone mode eliminating any dependency on licensed network operators,it is open forimplementation by to private enterprises,managed service providers or network systems integrators.This enables p

148、rivate 5G deployments supporting new consumer and Industry 4.0 applicationsdemanding secure,low-latency,reliable,high bandwidth connectivity to densely populated endpoints.24/30While the carrier aggregation and dual connectivity modes are designed to operate in the 5GHz,6GHzand 60GHz spectrum.8.2.3

149、Priority based spectrum sharingAlong with the expansion of mobile system deployment,IMT eco-system requires more and morespectrum for future.However,most of the spectrum has already been occupied by other services.Sometimes,the incumbent services have only been deployed in a very limited areas(e.g.F

150、ixed SatelliteEarth Station)or just work for a limited period every day.Spectrum sharing has been invented to allowthe IMT system to utilize the spectrum when the prioritized systems are off.Citizens Broadband Radio Service(CBRS)is a 150 MHz wide broadcast band of the 3.5 GHz band(3550 MHz to 3700 M

151、Hz)in the United States.In 2017,the US Federal CommunicationsCommission(FCC)completed a process which began in 2012 to establish rules for commercial use of thisband,while reserving parts of the band for the US Federal Government to limit interference with USNavy radar systems and aircraft communica

152、tions.CBRS is governed by a three-tiered spectrum authorization framework to accommodate a variety ofcommercial uses on a shared basis with incumbent federal and non-federal users of the band in the US.Access and operations will be managed by a dynamic spectrum access system,which is conceptuallysim

153、ilar to the databases used to manage Television White Spaces devices.The three tiersare:Incumbent Access,Priority Access,and General Authorized Access,which is illustrated in the Figurebelow.Incumbent Access users include authorized federal and fixed satellite service(FSS)users currentlyoperating in

154、 the 3.5 GHz band.Under the rules promulgated by the FCC,these users,particularlyincluding US Navy radar operators,will be protected from harmful interference from Priority Accessand General Authorized Access users.The Priority Access tier consists of Priority Access Licenses(PALs)that will be assig

155、ned usingcompetitive bidding within the 3550-3650 MHz portion of the band.Each PAL is defined as a non-renewable authorization to use a 10 MHz channel in a single census tract for three years.Up toseven total PALs may be assigned in any given census tract with up to four PALs going to any singleappl

156、icant.Applicants may acquire up to two consecutive PAL terms in any given license area duringthe first auction.The General Authorized Access(GAA)tier is licensed-by-rule to permit open,flexible access to theband for the widest possible group of potential users.General Authorized Access users areperm

157、itted to use any portion of the 3550-3700 MHz band not assigned to a higher tier user andmay also operate opportunistically on unused Priority Access channels.Use of the CBRS band will not require spectrum license,and it has been asserted that they will reducethe cost of data transmissions.However,u

158、sers will be required to pay their Spectrum Access System(SAS)a reasonable fee for access,even when only using GAA channels.This will enable carriers todeploy 5G faster and easier,using the shared airwaves instead of trying to acquire spectrum licenses atauction or through deals.Since these frequenc

159、ies have historically been used for government purposes,users of the CBRS band will be required to take care not to interfere with others already using nearbyairwave bands in some locations,including military radar stations and satellite receiver stations.Aswith Wi-Fi,CBRS equipment will be deployed

160、 to individual building owners,and those owners,or endusers occupying the property,would pay a fee for spectrum allocation through a server.25/30Figure 17:CBRS 3-tier spectrum framework in US9 Study some of new technologies that mayimpact to existing spectrum policy(Qualcomm)In 5G-Advanced,several n

161、ew technologies have been studied in 3GPP which may need have somechallenges to the current regulation framework.This chapter discussed a couple of technologies whichmay have potential impact to current regulatory aspects.This is worthy to note that these technologieswould be evolved in 6G along wit

162、h stronger BS&UE processing capability and larger data bandwidth.9.1 SidelinkSidelink is also known as Device to Device which has been proposed as a 3GPP Release 12 proposal in2012.Unlike the traditional network-to-device communication model,where data flows between the network(such as a base statio

163、n)and devices(like smartphones),sidelink enables direct communication betweentwo devices without involving a base station in the transmission and reception of data traffic.A remarkable sidelink feature is LTE V2X which is a subset of the 3GPP Release 14 specification thatdefines Cellular Vehicle-to-

164、Everything(C-V2X)technology.C-V2X enables communication betweenvehicles,pedestrians,and wayside traffic control devices using device-to-device communication withoutrelying on a base station.China regulator assigned 5.9GHz for LTE V2X while other countries®ionsalso have similar spectrum assignment

165、s.26/30NR sidelink has been specified in Release 16/17/18,beyond NR V2X it has been extended to unlicensedspectrum as well.Another PC5 related feature is broadcasting UAV ID(a.k.a.BIRD)to accommodateregulatory requirements.The regulation for the above SL features needs further study by regulators an

166、dindustries to enable the new services.9.2 Sub Band Full DuplexThere were quite a few academy research papers on full duplex on same frequency and time before 5Gstandards started.However,there were still some challenges on implementation especially on the self-interference cancellation for MIMO chan

167、nel.In recent years,there are quite some progresses oninterference cancellation and Base Station is ready for full duplex.3GPP Release 19 approved a WI on Sub Band Full Duplex on TDD band which allows gNB simultaneouslytransmission&reception on a sub band.There is no impact on UE and the transmissio

168、n&reception arestill on different resources(time or frequency).According to the study,SBFD could save the transmissionlatency as the ACK/NAK could be transmitted on the sub band as in Figure 17 below.Release-19 SBFD is limited to TDD spectrum.For regions studied so far,there is no regulation ruledir

169、ectly related to SBFD operation.The evolution of NR duplex operation would bring changes to theframe structures of legacy TDD operation,which has been assumed in many regions for coexistence.Asa result,rules related to TDD synchronization and interference to incumbent services may be impacted.Figure

170、 Y is an example of Single frequency full duplex which might be one 6G feature,this would lead tobigger regulation issue as the interference may have impact to other services on same or neighborspectrum.Furthermore,if the full duplex is studied and specified on FDD spectrum,the regulation issuewould

171、 be more risky.Figure 17 3GPP Release-19 Sub Band Full Duplex27/30Figure 18 6G Single Frequency Full Duplex9.3 Ambient IoTDuring the study phase,3GPP identified 4 topologies and the Release 19 follow-up WI includes Topology1&2 as below.In Topology 1,the Ambient IoT device directly and bidirectionall

172、y communicates with abase station.In Topology 2,the Ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with an intermediatenode between the device and base station.In this topology,the intermediate node can be a relay,IABnode,UE,repeater,etc.which is capable of Ambient IoT.Topology 1Topology 2Figure 19

173、:Topology of Ambient IoTThe Ambient IoT device may need to be charged by the CW signals from the BS or Intermediate node.FDD spectrum is more preferrable as more consecutive DL time slots for energy charging.In reality mostRFID devices may transmit and receive on the same frequency to reduce the dev

174、ice cost.One potentialregulation risk for Topology 1 is it couldnt transmit&receive on either DL or UL frequency of the FDDband according to current regulations.In more detail,according to the regulation,the DL spectrum ofFDD band only allows UE to receive signals from BS and the UL spectrum only al

175、lows BS to receivesignals from UE.UE couldnt use any of DL or UL frequency to both transmit&receive.28/30The possible solution is to use normal FDD device structure and install separate reception andtransmission RF components,but this would increase device cost.If the device is expected to receivean

176、d transmit on the same frequency,further study is needed and the regulation updates may benecessary.10 Suggestions from mobile industry forfuture mobile spectrumThis white paper promotes the role of spectrum to unleash the full potential of 5G-Advanced and 6G.We see the importance of existing spectr

177、um as well as additional spectrum.Considering the growingtraffic from 5G-Advanced technologies after operator deployment of 5G since 2019,additional newspectrum would be needed taking into account the time frame of 2025-2030.6G will serve the new usecases of seamless interactions between the physica

178、l and the digital worlds,multi-sensory and immersivecommunications like holographic communication and also the applications with high-accuracy sensing,positioning,and reliability industrial environments.Most of these applications will require both outdoorand indoor mobility and to enabling wide-area

179、 mobility and to ensuring low delays even outside ofindoor environments.According to our estimation we will need additional 3GHz mid-band spectrum and10-15GHz local area spectrum to complement the wide-area spectrum.Spectrum in different frequency ranges low,medium,and high is critical for the comme

180、rcial success5G-Advanced and 6G.Reusing the existing BS sites with new spectrum is important for operatorsnetwork deployment.To balance capacity and coverage,new mid-band spectrum would be essential tomake sure wide area mobility and in-door and out-door coverage.The WRC-23 newly identified band6425

181、-7125MHz would be key band for 5G-A and 6G since its been identified in complete R1,stronglysupported by China and many other countries from Asia Pacific and some of the countries from LatinAmerica.4.4-4.8GHz and 7.125-8.4GHz are under WRC-27 for study,opening opportunities for industryto study the

182、potential coexistence situation with existing services in coming ITU-R study cycle andtherefore,worthwhile for Future Forum members to further study its potential to be future mobilespectrum.The low band 600MHz could be another digital dividend band,in long term,it would be aanother potential global

183、 band for equal digitalization.mmWave band can provide more bandwidth andcapacity,it would be used for adding dense area capacity and improve the whole network performance.Additional 6G research is ongoing on sub-THz spectrum that can be useful for applications like highaccuracy sensing and position

184、ing.As the propagation characteristics of sub-THz frequencies,it does notallow for efficient delivery of capacity and coverage in wide area networks,such spectrum can onlycomplement the mid-bands,not replacing them.29/30Figure 20:Example map of different spectrum satisfy different coverage and capac

185、ity scenario for 5Gand evolution to 6G11 ThanksEricsson(China)Communications Co.,Ltd.,Nokia Shanghai Bell Co.,Ltd.,Qualcomm WirelessCommunications Technology(China)Co.,Ltd，Samsung(China)and ZTE12 References1)Ministry of Industry and Information Technologys Guidelines for the Construction of CloudCom

186、puting Comprehensive Standardization System by the Ministry of Industry and InformationTechnology2)Ministry of Industry and Information Technologys Development Plan for the NewGeneration of Artificial Intelligence3)Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology o

187、nFully Promoting the Construction and Development of the Mobile Internet of Things(NBIoT)4)Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology onPrinting and Distributing the 512 Project Promotion Plan of 5G+Industrial Internet5)Notice of Three Ministries on Issuing t

188、he Action Plan for the Development of Ultra HighDefinition Video Industry(2019-2022)6)Ministry of Industry and Information Technologys Sailing Action Plan for 5GApplications(2021-2023)7)Industrial Internet Innovation and Development Action Plan(2021-2023)30/308)Notice from Five Ministries on Issuing

189、 the Action Plan for the Integration andDevelopment of Virtual Reality and Industry Applications(2022-2026)9)Notice of Five Ministries on Issuing the Three Year Action Plan for Innovation andDevelopment of the Metaverse Industry(2023-2025)10)Statistical report on the operation of the communication i

190、ndustry by the Ministry ofIndustry and Information Technology over the years11)RADIO SPECTRUM POLICY GROUP Work Programm for 2024 and beyond12)Ericsson Mobility Report Jan,202413)MIC Frequency Reorganization Action Plan(FY2023 version)14)6G spectrum-enabling the future mobile life beyond 2030(Ericss

191、on)15)Recommendation ITU-R M.2160-0 M Series:Mobile,radiodetermination,amateur andrelated satellite services Framework and overall objectives of the future development ofIMT for 2030 and beyond16)Spectrum for 6G explained(Nokia)17)Global 5G spectrum update and innovations for future wireless systems

192、(Qualcomm)18)NTIA,National Spectrum Strategy,Nov.202319)3GPP TR38.848 Study on Ambient IoT(Internet of Things)in RAN,Release-1820)3GPP RP-234058 New SID:Study on solutions for Ambient IoT(Internet of Things)inNR,Release-1921)3GPP TR38.858 Study on Evolution of NR Duplex Operation,Release-1822)3GPP RP-234035,New WID:Evolution of NR duplex operation:Sub-band full duplex(SBFD),Release-1923)Qualcomm,Vision,market drivers,and research directions on the path to 6G,Dec.2022.