1、2022state of multicloudTechnology choices are never made without tradeoffs.In this fourth installment of this annual report,we continue our efforts to capture the current state of multicloud,as well as the motivations.We believe that aiming to understand the broader aspirations of where we collectiv

2、ely want to be,gives us the context to better understand why people make the choices they make.However,if in 2022 we are talking about where we want to be without an understanding of the environmental impact of the technologies we use to do itoften overuse,if were being honest with ourselvesthen we

3、continue to miss our existential tradeoff.We are a mere eight years away from when current estimates predict that global carbon emissions must be halved by 2030 to limit warming to 1.5C and avoid catastrophic climate change.New to the report this year is the extent to which sustainable IT is being p

4、rioritized and executed upon.The good news is that most organizations are indeed recognizing environmental sustainability and climate resiliency as important,and nearly half are doing something real about it.In the coming years we will expand our analysis and trending on this subject because our ong

5、oing digital transformations must have line of sight to its lasting impacts on future generationsthose that will never use your new app or service,but who will build the things we can only begin to imagine today.Last year,we noted that constraints are a reality,but resigning ourselves to the status

6、quo need not be.Pushing through barriers,however incrementally,and solving the hard problemsthat requires imagination from all of us.This year we amend that:it also requires action.If were not convinced by the increasing number of conscientious consumers and investors,as well as governments and regu

7、latory agencies leaning in,then consider the increased frequency and severity of the weather right outside our doors.IT is in a unique position to lead and have a real impact.Lets seize it together.Highlights78%of organizations overallincluding 89%of leadersrecognize that environmental sustainabilit

8、y and climate resiliency is important.45%of organizations overallincluding 57%of leadersare executing against a sustainability and climate resiliency strategy today.Labor and skills shortage is the leading challenge for organizations aspiring to continuously assure application performance.74%of orga

9、nizations overalland 88%of leadersare implementing or exploring AIOps.Lift-and-shift is the leading approach to application modernization;among leaders it ties with replatforming.22022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTHighlightsOverall guaranteeing availability continues to grow as the primary driver for m

10、ulticloud,but for leaders its still all about leveraging different apps and services.2022 sees a reversal of opinion:organizations are prioritizing business differentiation over no vendor lock-in.60%of organizations are running production workloads in a public cloud;among leaders that jumps to 75%.O

11、nly 15%of respondents have 3 or more clouds,down from 30%the previous year,largely due to a drop in private cloud.For 65%of organizations containerization will play a strategic role within 18 months,up from 61%in 2021.Our Lens on LeadersThroughout this report we analyze the data by comparing“leaders

12、”versus those“on par with the majority”versus“laggards.”We asked respondents to self-identify based on the question:“When it comes to leveraging new technologies to advance business goals,my organization is:”Viewing the data through this lens allows us to see whats important for leaders and should p

13、erhaps be considered by their peers.Leaders202020212022On par with the majorityLaggards13%53%34%15%52%33%15%51%33%32022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTTable of Contents01SUSTAINABILITYP.502LABOR SHORTAGEP.803APPLICATION MODERNIZATIONP.1204MULTICLOUD MOTIVATIONSP.1607SERVERLESS ADOPTIONP.3605CLOUD ADOPTIO

14、NP.2106CONTAINER ADOPTIONP.30Methodology&DemographicsWe conducted our survey from December 2021 to January 2022 and garnered responses from 669 participants.Of these,39%were in an Infrastructure/Operations function,the remaining 61%were a mix of Applications(11%),Development(11%),Architecture(11%),L

15、ine-of-Business/Non-IT(10%),Security/Compliance(9%),DevOps(8%),and Container Platforms(2%).The participants represent the full range of company sizes:Over 5000(24%),1,000-4,999(27%),200-999(25%),1-199(22%),and Self-employed(3%).In terms of industry,respondents were in Technology(23%),Education(13%),

16、Service Provider(11%),Healthcare(11%),Financial Services(10%),Retail/E-Commerce(9%),Government(5%),Media&Entertainment(3%),and Other(15%).Role distribution was mix of Individual Contributors(40%),Director/Managers(49%),and Executives(11%).Throughout this report results from previous years are shown.

17、The number of survey participants for each of those years is as follows:2019 n=846,2020 n=938,2021 n=819.669Participants01-5000+Company size range21%Technology:most common industry42022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORT78%of organizations overalland 89%of leadersrecognize that environmental sustainability

18、and climate resiliency is important.Overall,78%of organizations recognize that environmental sustainability and climate resiliency is important,with 45%executing against a strategy and goals.Among leaders,these numbers jump up to 89%and 57%respectively.Question:What is your IT organizations environm

19、ental sustainability and climate resiliency strategy?Overall:202216%No strategy:We do not have an environmental sustainability and climate resilience strategy.33%Exploring:Our IT leadership has acknowledged it is important,but we are not yet executing on a strategy or goals.26%Early:We are in the ea

20、rly stages of implementing projects/processes to execute on our strategy and goals.19%Advanced:We have active projects/processes in place to execute on our strategy and goals and we are seeing results.5%I dont know.01Sustainability31%Laggards42%On par with the majority57%LeadersNo strategy:We do not

21、 have an environmental sustainability and climate resilience strategy.Exploring:Our IT leadershiphas acknowledged it isimportant,butwe are not yet executing ona strategy or goals.Early:We arein the early stages of implementing projects/processes to execute on ourstrategy and goals.Advanced:We have a

22、ctive projects/processesin place to execute on our strategy and goals and we are seeing results.I dont know.On par with the majority18%34%28%13%7%Leaders8%32%25%32%4%Laggards30%35%21%10%5%Leaders vs.Laggards:2022It is difficult to ignore impact of climate change as increasingly severe weather patter

23、ns disrupt our daily lives more frequently.The pressure on businesses to operate in a more environmentally sustainable way is increasing across multiple stakeholders:consumers,investors,shareholders,board members,and governments.Consumers arguable play the most important role,their preferences shapi

24、ng markets and governments.A recent study by IBM found that 80%of consumers indicate sustainability is important to them and 60%are willing to change their shopping habits to reduce environmental impact.1 Due to this pressure,62%of executives consider having a sustainability strategy essential to be

25、 competitive in the future and another 22%think it will be a requirement.257%of leaders are executing against a sustainability and climate resiliency strategy.The percentage of organizations that acknowledge the importance of sustainability but are still only exploring how to develop and execute on

26、a strategy is fairly consistent across laggards(35%),those on par with the majority(34%),and leaders(32%).The differences come to light when looking at whether these types of organizations are executing against a strategy and goals.Leaders vs.Laggards:2022Executing against an environmental sustain-a

27、bility and climate resiliency strategy.Calculated by the sum of those in Early and Advanced stages.1 Rise of the Sustainable Enterprise2 Rise of the Sustainable Enterprise62022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTIT has a critical role to play as organizations strategize,plan,and execute on their sustainabili

28、ty goals.According to Gartners 2020 Sustainability Survey,80%of business leaders whose organizations have a sustainability strategy cite that their CIO plays a critical role in sustainability,most often as either a sustainable business enabler or technology innovator.CIOs and their IT organizations

29、are important in part due to the vast quantities of data that is often available to them.Through greater transparency,data can be infused into business processes and decision making and drive improved environmental outcomes.3 With massive amounts of structured and unstructured data available to CIOs

30、 often in real time their organizations can tap into unprecedented levels of actionable insight for transformation and innovation.4There are a multitude of strategies that IT organizations can implement to run cleaner and leaner,but among the most immediately impactful is to achieve operational exce

31、llence,continuously ensuring that applications get exactly the resources they need when they need them.To learn more about how IT can play a greater part in reducing environmental impact,read:IT Best Practices for Accelerating the Journey to Carbon Neutrality.3 Rise of the Sustainable Enterprise|IBM

32、 Institute for Business Value 4 Rise of the Sustainable Enterprise|IBM Institute for Business Value 72022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTDifficulty hiring is the leading challenge for organizations aspiring to continuously assure application performance.47%of organizations cited“difficulty hiring or trai

33、ning people with the necessary skill sets”as a top challenge to continuously assuring application performance.The complexity of modern applications came in second at 42%and choosing the right tools and/or platforms came in third at 39%.This data reflects the convergence of a historic labor shortage

34、at a time when the work that needs to be donedigital transformationneeds skilled and talented workers more than ever.The Coronavirus Pandemic accelerated the need to launch or improve digital applications and services,which requires that an organization have the skills and resources to implement mod

35、ern cloud and cloud native technologies.Yet we are in the midst of“The Great Resignation”in which 4 million Americans quit their jobs in July 2021;the tech industry has been the hardest hit,closely followed by healthcare.5 Simply put,the demand is greater than the supply.Question:My organizations to

36、p challenge(s)to continuously assuring application performance are:(Select up to 3)Overall:202202Labor Shortage47%Difficulty hiring or training people with the necessary skill sets.42%Complexity of todays modern applications.39%Difficulty choosing the right tool and/or platforms.39%Collaboration cha

37、llenges due to silos in technology skill sets.30%Cultural resistance to increasing automation.5%N/A,we are able to continuously assure application performance without issue.2%Other(please specify)5“Who Is Driving the Great Resignation?”by Ian Cook,Harvard Business Review|https:/hbr.org/2021/09/who-i

38、s-driving-the-great-resignation37%44%39%31%36%3%7%47%43%39%41%27%7%2%51%41%39%39%31%4%0%Leaders vs.Laggards:2022LaggardsOn par with the majorityLeadersDifficulty hiring or training people with the necessary skill sets.Complexity of todays modern applications.Difficulty choosing the right tool and/or

39、 platforms.Collaboration challenges due to silos in technology skill sets.Cultural resistance to increasing automation.N/A,we are able to continuously assure application performance without issue.Other(please specify)92022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORT74%of organizations overalland 88%of leadersare imp

40、lementing or exploring AIOps.The labor shortage is a compelling reason for organizations to rethink the extent to which they leverage automation and/or AIOps to augment their workforce.While there are operational efficiency gains to be had from automation and AIOps,it also allows teams to focus on i

41、nnovation and higher value work.For the individual this also means more gratifying work thus reducing the risk of burnout.Question:How would you describe your organizations current level of AIOps maturity?29%15%20%6%4%26%Leaders vs.Laggards:2022Overall:202234%10%16%4%33%Exploring:We have identified

42、use cases for the implementation of AIOps.Active:Weve implemented AIOps as a proof of concept.Operational:We leverage AIOps in Production and see measurable value.Systemic:AIOps is pervasive;it is requiring organizational/operational change.Transformational:We have integrated AIOps across our proces

43、ses,products,and services,achieving humans and AI synergy.N/A:AIOps is not strategic for our organization.3%On par with the majority22%24%28%9%5%12%Leaders29%11%15%7%3%36%Laggards102022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORT20%21%DevSecOps is a strategic focus for organizations implementing automation,reflectin

44、g the growing requirement that security is not an afterthought.Question:Which of these automation practices will be strategic to your organization achieving its goals this year?(Select all that apply)43%34%22%22%19%1%Overall:2022Leaders vs.Laggards:202236%27%28%1%DevSecOpsInfrastructure-as-Code(IaC)

45、GitOps None,automation is not strategic to our organization.I dont knowOther(please specify)On par with the majority13%26%1%57%47%15%Leaders32%15%38%31%17%0%Laggards112022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTLift-and-shift is the leading approach to application modernization;among leaders it ties with replatf

46、orming.Rehosting applications aka“lift and shift”remains a viable strategy for many organizations,even leaders.The data suggests that they are more concerned with getting out of the business of managing data centers than incurring costs by not first replatforming or refactoring applications.As noted

47、 in a Turbonomic blog,“picking and choosing your battles is the key to being successful.Rehosting a business application not only helps mitigate risk due to financial concerns,but its one step in the right direction to optimizing your environment.Plus,it could be a huge morale booster or be the moti

48、vation your DevOps team needs by upping their skills on cloud while simultaneously helping them realize the benefits.”6 Of course,every organization has unique business constraints to navigate,but this data suggests that most organizations are recognizing the need to go fast in the generally right d

49、irection versus aspiring for perfection,getting there slowly and methodically.Lastly,with nearly 30%retaining existing applications,it is clear that there remain many applications where the investment required to refactor or repurchase as a SaaS offering is too great.Application modernization is not

50、 an easy undertaking;the returns on such an endeavor should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.Question:Which approaches to application modernization is your organization taking today?(Select all that apply)Overall:202203Application Modernization We are rehosting existing applications,migrating th

51、em to the cloud for operational benefits.We are replatforming existing applications,making some changes to the application to leverage cloud computing,whether on-prem or in a public cloud.We are retiring applications.We are retaining existing applications (no plans to change at this time).We are ref

52、actoring existing applications,completely re-architecting/re-writing applications to leverage the benefits of cloud native.We are building new applications using container technology.We are building new applications using PaaS services(not containers).We are repurchasing applications,adopting SaaS o

53、fferings to minimize management costs.43%38%31%29%25%24%19%17%6 https:/ par with majority47%35%34%22%32%19%15%23%Leaders44%44%35%26%30%24%28%13%Leaders vs.Laggards:2022We are hosting existing applications,migrating them to the cloud for operational benefits.We are replatforming existing applications

54、,making some changes to the application to leverage cloud computing,whether on-prem or in a public cloud.We are refactoring existing applications,completely re-architecting/re-writing applications to leverage the benefits of cloud native.We are building new applications using container technology.We

55、 are retiring applications.We are building new applications using PaaS services(not containers).We are retaining existing applications(no plans to change at this time).We are repurchasing applications,adopting SaaS offerings to minimize management costs.132022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORT23%11%2%22%14

56、%26%67%of leaders measure application performance,a stark contrast to only 44%of laggards doing the same.Question:How does your organization measure application performance?Overall:2022Leaders vs.Laggards:202222%39%40%26%28%27%8%7%4%LaggardsOn par with the majorityLeaders37%We measure availability a

57、nd define SLAs.28%We have performance objectives,but we do not actively measure against it.20%We measure SLIs and define SLOs.10%We do not measure application performance today and we have no plans to change that.6%We do not measure application performance today,but we plan to within the next 18 mon

58、ths.142022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTLeaders vs.Laggards:202261%of organizations use response time or throughput to measure application performance;23%go so far as to measure revenue generated by the app.Applications are the business.IDC notes that,“focusing on managing systems and applications to o

59、ptimize the end-user experience is a major priority as fast performance and 100%uptime are table stakes for digital business success.”7 The data suggests that organizations understand the importance of using performance metrics that indicate the end-user experience and/or contribution to the busines

60、s.Question:What metrics does your organization use to measure application performance?(Select all that apply)Overall:202261%58%33%23%30%2%36%21%29%66%58%2%21%21%27%47%57%2%LaggardsOn par with the majority26%28%40%61%60%1%LeadersResponse time/throughput.Customer feedback(ex.support tickets opened aga

61、inst app,resources requests,etc.)Business transactional information(initiate,complete,abandon).Resource utilization metrics.Revenue generated by the app.Other(please specify)7 Worldwide Application Performance Management Software Market Shares,2020|June 2021,IDC#US47989021152022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD

62、REPORT23%24%21%21%17%18%21%17%Overall guaranteeing availability continues to grow as the primary driver for multicloud,but for leaders its still all about leveraging different apps and services.Over the last four years organizations overall have gradually and consistently shifted opiniononce believi

63、ng that leveraging different application services from multiple cloud providers would be the primary driver for the hypothetical world in which workloads move freely across clouds.It makes sense.Cloud providers,most recently AWS,are not immune to outages.8 Application downtime is business downtime.I

64、n 2020,the cost of outages ranged from$100,000 to$1 million with 16%of outages costing more than$1 million.9 That said,leaders have been consistent about the primary driver being applications and services.Its also likely that leaders are architecting their applications for resiliency,mitigating risk

65、 when an outage does occur and allowing them to focus on the applications and services that they can leverage to differentiate their business.Question:Do you believe that one day application workloads will move freely across clouds?If so,what will be the primary driver?04Multicloud MotivationsYes,to

66、 guarantee availability.Yes,to leverage different application services (ex.AI/ML,big data analytics,business intelligence,IoT,etc.)Yes,to minimize the cost to serve.No,I do not believe that application workloads will ever move freely across clouds.2002229%31%33%28%31%28%25%34%Overall:2019

67、-20228 Amazons Devoted Cloud Customers Face A Decision After Outages:Leave,Stay Or Diversify?9 Barclays Equity Research|Green Data Centers:Beyond Net Zero,September 2021Leaders vs.Laggards:2022Leaders vs.Laggards:202134%29%35%31%33%32%19%18%24%27%18%28%26%14%22%19%9%23%22%38%19%24%40%17%LaggardsLagg

68、ardsOn par with the majorityOn par with the majorityYes,to leverage different application services (ex.AI/ML,big data analytics,business intelligence,IoT,etc.)Yes,to guarantee availability.Yes,to minimize the cost to serve.No,I do not believe that application workloads will ever move freely across c

69、louds.LeadersLeaders172022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTThe primary barrier to freely moving workloads continues to be the ability for application components to be fully portable.Were a long way offif everfrom freely moving workloads.But while todays application components are not fully portable,advanc

70、ements in technology have given us more flexibility(and leverage).Consider J.B.Hunt,which migrated their Kubernetes workloads to Google Cloud in 35 business days without downtime.10Question:What do you believe is the greatest barrier to applications workloads moving freely across deployment platform

71、s(data centers,clouds,edge computing,etc.)?22%20%21%11%10%9%9%10%10%11%11%13%10%12%8%5%4%5%2%1%4%12%13%12%18%18%19%The ability for application components to be fully portable(ex.database services on different clouds that work differently and may require a re-write to move to another cloud)The abilit

72、y for data to be fully portableThe ability to ensure security across multiple platformsThe ability for applications to be fully portableThe costs incurred when workloads leave cloud providersThe ability to manage workloads at scale across multiple platformsThe ability to manage compliance across mul

73、tiple platformsOther(please specify)The ability to have full visibility of application performance across multiple,distributed platforms.Overall: J.B.Hunt executes speedy yet seamless cloud-to-cloud migration2020202 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTLeadersOn par with the majorityLagga

74、rds20%15%27%16%20%17%8%9%12%14%9%9%16%14%11%13%13%9%8%15%10%6%4%4%0%1%1%Leaders vs.Laggards:2020-2022The ability for application components to be fully portable (ex.database services on different clouds that work differently and may require a re-write to move to another cloud)The ability to ensure s

75、ecurity across multiple platformsThe ability to manage workloads at scale across multiple platformsThe costs incurred when workloads leave cloud providersThe ability for data to be fully portableThe ability to manage compliance across multiple platformsThe ability for applications to be fully portab

76、leThe ability to have full visibility of application performance across multiple,distributed platforms.Other(please specify)2022 sees a reversal of opinion:organizations are prioritizing business differentiation over no vendor lock-in.Here is yet more data pointing to the growing prioritization to m

77、ove fast and focus on what differentiates the business.It is especially true of leaders.No doubt the urgency to adapt to new realities accelerated by the pandemic has driven much of this attitude shift.Every major cloud provider is seizing the opportunity,continuously working to improve the quantity

78、 and quality of the services they provide to their customers as they modernize in the cloudthat is how they compete and grow a healthy,satisfied customer base.But the tradeoff still exists for customers:instrumenting applications to leverage specific cloud services naturally creates lock-in.While th

79、is year people are more immune to the fear of lock-in,its not going away.Maintaining leverage is a business reality;its just a question of the tradeoffs youre willing to make.192022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTQuestion:Whats more important to you?Overall:2019-2022Leaders vs.Laggards:212

80、02053%47%43%57%40%60%43%57%42%58%46%54%54%46%44%56%65%35%LeadersLeadersLeadersOn par with the majorityOn par with the majorityOn par with the majorityLaggardsLaggardsLaggardsTruly abstracted infrastructure (No patching,updating,etc.)No vendor lock-in200202022247%53%46%54%44%56%

81、53%47%202022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORT60%of organizations are running production workloads in a public cloud;among leaders that jumps to 75%.05Cloud Adoption16%Strategy:We are evaluating public cloud providers for their ability to support our business goals.10%Pre-Production:We are building cloud c

82、apabilities within our organization,having moved the first few application workloads or a non-prod environment;and/or initiating greenfield applications in the cloud.32%Early Production:We have at least one business-critical application running in Production in a public cloudrehosted,replatformed,or

83、 greenfieldwith a majority of workloads still yet to move.22%Advanced Production:We have multiple business-critical applications running in Production in a public clouda majority of our workloads now reside in the public cloud.We may have started replatforming applications,making some changes to the

84、 application to begin leverage the benefits of cloud,ex.autoscaling or PaaS services.7%BusinessTransformation:Cloud-first strategy in place with business-critical applications leveraging cloud native,PaaS,and other non-differentiating services provided by cloud service providers.8%N/A,we are not lev

85、eraging public cloud.6%I dont know.Note:Numbers in these graphs have been rounded to the nearest whole number.When you add up the unrounded percentages for Early Production,Advanced Production,and Business Transformation the sum is 60%for the overall results and 75%for leaders.Overall:2022Question:W

86、here is your organization in its journey to business transformation in the public cloud?60%Leaders vs.Laggards:202219%13%33%13%12%6%5%21%10%29%8%21%8%4%Strategy:We are evaluating public cloud providers for their ability to support our business goals.Pre-Production:We are building cloud capabilities

87、within our organization,having moved the first few application workloads or a non-prod environment;and/or initiating greenfield applications in the cloud.Early Production:We have at least one business-critical application running in Production in a public cloudrehosted,replatformed,or greenfieldwith

88、 a majority of workloads still yet to move.Advanced Production:We have multiple business-critical applications running in Production in a public clouda majority of our workloads now reside in the public cloud.We may have started replatforming applications,making some changes to the application to be

89、gin leverage the benefits of cloud,ex.autoscaling or PaaS services.BusinessTransformation:Cloud-first strategy in place with business-critical applications leveraging cloud native,PaaS,and other non-differentiating services provided by cloud service providers.N/A,we are not leveraging public cloud.I

90、 dont know.9%9%36%5%27%1%13%75%LeadersOn par with the majorityLaggards222022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTMigrating more workloads is the most important cloud initiative overall;among leaders,optimizing existing cloud resources and modernizing applications in the cloud are more important.Leaders are le

91、ss focused on migration,having moved most or all the applications they plan to move to the cloudremember 75%of leaders are running public cloud applications in production.Across leaders and their peers,the top three initiatives are optimize,modernize,and migrate.Whats interesting is that laggards ar

92、e prioritizing cloud optimization as much as migration,suggesting perhaps that they are taking lessons from those that went to the cloud before them.Many organizations in the cloud today were hit hard by fact that you cannot financially benefit from the clouds pay-as-you-go OpEx model if you do not

93、continuously optimize consumption to the real needs of the application.As weve noted earlier,there are very good reasons to simply get up to the cloud as quickly as possible,as those on par with the majority are doing:they are significantly more focused on cloud migration(30%)than other cloud initia

94、tives.Just know that continuous cloud optimization is a must-have for achieving cloud elasticity and reaping the benefits of an OpEx spend model.11 Best not to wait too long to do it.26%23%20%13%13%6%Overall:2022Leaders vs.Laggards:20226%10%19%17%17%30%Migrate more workloads to public cloud.Optimize

95、 existing cloud resources for performance and cost.Modernize applications using public cloud containers and/or PaaS.N/A,we are not adopting public cloud.Implement CI/CD in public cloud.Automate governance/compliance in public cloud.5%16%25%5%22%27%LeadersOn par with the majority5%15%23%20%15%23%Lagg

96、ards11 How to Get Cloud Optimization Done Right,and Done Continuously|Turbonomic Blog232022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTThe complexity of cloud security is the most difficult challenge organizations face in the public cloud.Organizations are recognizing that security vulnerabilities are a reality we f

97、ace,even in the cloud,and a challenge that must be tackled head-on to minimize impact when things do go wrong.And they do go wrong.In August 2021,a vulnerability in Azure Cosmos DB was uncovered.12 In January of this year,it was discovered that an unsecured AWS server exposed 3TB in airport employee

98、 records.13In addition to security and ensuring the effective use of cloud spend,leaders are tackling the challenge of understanding how cloud resourcing impacts application performance,while laggards and the majority struggle more with a lack of skills.Question:My organizations most difficult chall

99、enge(s)in the public cloud are:(Select up to 3)Overall:202233%Lack of training/skill sets.32%Ensuring effective use of cloud spend.27%Cloud architecture complexity.25%Understanding the impact that different cloud services and/or families/tiers have on application performance.17%Cloud sprawlunmanaged

100、 or unaccounted for resources.16%Organizational mapping(tagging,naming standards).12%N/A,we are notusing public cloud.40%Cloud security complexity.12 Critical Cosmos Database Flaw Affected Thousands of Microsoft Azure Customers|The Hacker News,August 202113 Unsecured AWS server exposed 3TB in airpor

101、t employee records|ZD Net,January 2022242022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTLeadersOn par with the majorityLaggards37%30%26%19%24%16%22%11%44%34%32%16%27%16%22%14%39%36%31%21%29%17%29%5%Leaders vs.Laggards:2022Cloud security complexity.Ensuring effective use of cloud spend.Understanding the impact that d

102、ifferent cloud services and/or families/tiers have on application performance.Cloud architecture complexity.Lack of training/skill sets.Cloud sprawlunmanaged or unaccounted for resources.Organizational mapping(tagging,naming standards).N/A,we are notusing public cloud.The skills gap and ensuring the

103、 effective use of cloud spend tie for second place for top challenges in the cloud.As much as the public cloud offers agility,elasticity,and the tools to focus on business differentiation,they introduce significant complexity.AWS and Azure each have over 200 cloud services.It requires significant kn

104、owledge and skills building to effectively navigate,evaluate,and leverage these services.Also consider the complexity of the ever-expanding cloud native technology landscape:in a December 2021 EMA Research Report the authors note,“Based on the CNCF classification of cloud-native software products,th

105、e cloud-native application stack consists of 936 products in seven categories and 27 subcategories.Following the assumption that development teams can freely combine products from all 27 subcategories into one application stack,theres a very high number of permutations:1.17E+37(this is the scientifi

106、c notation for a number consisting of 38 digits).”14 Only leaders feel they have overcome the skills gap challenge,instead turning their focus on understanding the impact that different cloud services and/or families/tiers have on application performance.14 The Self-Driving Data Center in 2021|EMA R

107、esearch Report,December 2021252022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTIn 2022,only 17%of organizations have a private cloud,down from 34%in 2021 and 45%in 2019.To see private cloud implementations drop by half in a single year is surprising.The decline is significant across leaders versus their peers,but cer

108、tainly more so among leaders and those on par with the majority:in 2021,36%of leaders and 34%of those on par with the majority had private cloud;in 2022 those numbers drop to 18%and 17%,respectively.Laggards saw a drop from 27%to 17%.In 2019,Gartner predicted that 80%of organizations will have shut

109、down their traditional data centers by 2025.15 The pandemic has accelerated digital transformation across industries.Our survey data suggests that as part of this transformation,organizations have more rapidly moved away from do-it-yourself cloud solutions than anticipated.Its also possible that as

110、organizations have moved more workloads to the public cloud,their definition of what cloud is evolves,perhaps realizing that what they were previously calling a private cloud was not truly private cloud but hosted virtualized workloads.We will continue to keep a close eye on these trends in the comi

111、ng years.Question:Which clouds are you using today?(Select all that apply)Amazon Web ServicesGoogle Cloud PlatformMicrosoft AzureIBM CloudIndustry-specialized cloudPrivate Cloud(Self-service and elasticity with containers and/or VMs,on-premises and/or hosted at a managed service provider)We are not

112、using any form of cloud computing today.Other public cloud(please specify)Overall:2019-2022Note:Respondents to our survey tend to work at larger organizations,which is why we see higher use of Microsoft Azuremore common among the enterpriseover Amazon Web Services,which is the leading cloud provider

113、 by market share.15 The Data Center Is(Almost)Dead|Gartner,August 20021202253%24%61%7%7%38%8%5%57%23%67%9%7%34%4%5%51%28%56%10%6%17%8%2%55%22%52%8%7%45%9%4%262022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORT27%34%36%LeadersLeadersOn par with the majorityOn par with the majorityLaggardsLaggards48%53%57%68%5

114、7%70%34%43%53%57%55%64%23%26%35%6%4%8%6%17%17%18%19%22%26%12%9%10%3%3%3%7%7%11%9%8%7%13%12%2%3%0%5%4%Leaders vs.Laggards:2022Leaders vs.Laggards:2021Microsoft AzureAmazon Web ServicesGoogle Cloud PlatformPrivate Cloud(Self-service and elasticity with containers and/or VMs,on-premises and/or hosted a

115、t a managed service provider)IBM CloudIndustry-specialized cloudWe are not using any form of cloud computing today.Other public cloud(please specify)5%272022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTOverall:2022Overall:2021Public Cloud OnlyIn 2022,only 13%of organizations are hybrid cloud down from 28%the previous

116、 year.One hundred and sixteen of the 669 respondents(17%)noted that they had a private cloud;88(13%)had a private cloud with some mix of public clouds i.e.hybrid cloud.Last year,278 of 819 respondents(34%)noted that they had a private cloud;233(28%)had a private cloud with some mix of public clouds

117、i.e.hybrid cloud.Looked at another way,in 2022,591 respondents(88%)indicated that they only use public cloud solutions.In 2021,just 62%indicated the same.Only 15%of respondents have 3 or more clouds,down from 30%the previous year.Given the shift away from private cloud this decline in the total numb

118、er of cloud providers being used does not surprise us.When we look at the data for leaders versus laggards,however,20%of leaders have three or more clouds compared to only 9%of laggards.We expect that as organizations become savvier in managing public cloud they will consume services from more cloud

119、 providers;at that point the business need outweighs the complexity of managing multiple cloud providersas we are already seeing on a larger scale among leaders.13%Hybrid Cloud28%Hybrid Cloud17%Private Cloud34%Private Cloud2021202262%88%282022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTDistribution of the Number of

120、Cloud Providers (Including Private Cloud)LeadersLaggards200227%4%6%9%0 Cloud Providers0 Cloud Providers2 Cloud Providers2 Cloud Providers3 Cloud Providers3 Cloud Providers4 Cloud Providers4 Cloud Providers5+Cloud Providers5+Cloud Providers1 Cloud Provider1 Cloud Provider6%6%3%7%12%3%8%12%

121、33%35%34%30%47%41%1%4%3%2%2%2%30%30%27%32%33%37%0%4%20%22%11%20%Overall:2019-2022Leaders and Laggards:2022 292022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTFor 65%of organizations containerization will play a strategic role within 18 months,up from 61%in 2021.06Container AdoptionContainers are the building blocks o

122、f the modern application.Lightweight and ready for business in minutes,they promise developer speed and elasticity.And their portability is considered a key enabler to implementing multicloud.It should come as no surprise then that organizations are making a strategic investment in containerization.

123、The typical container adoption curve starts with at least one containerized application.As the benefits are proven out,more applications and lines-of-business are onboarded to the platform.Anticipation for the strategic role that containers will play within 6 months,doubled from 7%in 2021 to 14%,sug

124、gesting a broad transition from proof-of-concept to production.Question:By when do you expect containerization will play a strategic role for your organization?Overall:%19%14%7%19%14%15%21%23%28%12%11%Containerization is playing a strategic role today.Within 18 months.Within 6 months.More

125、 than 18 months from now.Within 12 months.Containerization will never play a strategic role for my organization.20212022In 2022,46%of organizations overalland 60%of leadersare running containers in production.Additionally,we see,the percent of organizations in Advanced Production increase to 18%,up

126、from 13%last year.It is a positive sign that more organizations are overcoming the well-known challenges around managing the complexity of containerized applications.Question:Where is your organization in its journey to containers/cloud native?Overall:2019-2022Exploring:Our Dev team is currently con

127、tainerizing at least one application as a small project/test case.Early Production:Our Dev team has containerized at least one application and it runs in Production.Platform-First:Containerized applications are the company standard.Pre-Production:Our Dev team has containerized at least one applicati

128、on,but it is not in Production.Advanced Production:We have multiple containerized applications in Production and more in the pipeline.N/A,we are notusing containers.I dont know.2002226%25%20%21%11%11%12%9%23%20%24%23%13%15%13%18%16%16%16%17%7%10%11%7%5%5%5%3%312022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REP

129、ORTOn par with the majorityLeaders vs.Laggards:2022Exploring:Our Dev team is currently containerizing at least one application as a small project/test case.Pre-Production:Our Dev team has containerized at least one application,but it is not in Production.Early Production:Our Dev team has containeriz

130、ed at least one application and it runs in Production.Advanced Production:We have multiple containerized applications in Production and more in the pipeline.Platform-First:Containerized applications are the company standard.N/A,we are notusing containers.I dont know.24%7%20%15%10%3%21%Leaders17%13%2

131、7%7%26%4%7%60%Laggards18%5%26%26%10%9%7%46%322022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTAzure AKS is the most adopted container platform,followed by Amazon ECS and Red Hat OpenShift;among leaders,Google GKE is the second most adopted container platform.Question:Is your organization making a strategic investment

132、 in any of the following container platforms?(Select all that apply)Note:Respondents to our survey tend to work at larger organizations.Overall:202217%13%8%16%12%6%20%27%33%16%10%5%4%2%N/A,we are not strategically investing incontainer platforms at this time.Azure AKSAmazon ECSRed Hat OpenShiftGoogl

133、e GKEAmazon EKSDocker SwarmUpstream KubernetesCisco Container PlatformAmazon FargateTanzu(Kubernetes editions)Tanzu Application Service(formerly known as Pivotal CloudFoundry)MesospherePivotal PKS332022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTLeaders vs.Laggards:2022Azure AKSGoogle GKEAmazon ECSAmazon EKSRed Hat

134、OpenShiftN/A,we are not strategically investing in container platfrms at this time.Cisco Container PlatformDocker SwarmAmazon FargateUpstream KubernetesTanzu(Kubernetes editions)MesosphereTanzu Application Service(formerly known as Pivotal CloudFoundry)Pivotal PKSLeadersOn par with majorityLaggards2

135、7%25%23%21%19%17%16%16%13%11%8%4%4%4%24%11%16%9%10%42%6%11%7%8%2%8%7%3%28%12%18%15%17%41%7%11%5%14%6%3%4%1%342022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTPublic cloud is the preferred infrastructure for running containerized applications.Question:On what type of infrastructure are you running your container platf

136、orm(s)?(Select all that apply)Overall:2022N/A,we are not strategically investing in container platform add-ons at this time.Databases,on-platform(ex.Cassandra,MongoDB)Monitoring(ex.Prometheus)Security(ex.Aqua Security)Databases,off-platform(ex.RDS)Logging(ex.FluentD)Observability(ex.Elasticsearch)Me

137、ssaging(ex.Kafka)Package management(ex.Helm,Kubernetes Operators)Service mesh(ex.Istio,LinkerD)Persistent storage,on-platform(ex.PVs)Developer tooling(ex.Eclipse Che)Container Registry(ex.Quay)7%8%10%10%13%14%15%16%20%23%23%23%41%Overall:202245%Public cloud,virtualization26%N/A,we are not running co

138、ntainer platforms.7%Public cloud,bare metal40%On-prem,virtualization17%Managed service provider,virtualization19%On-prem,bare metal7%Managed service provider,bare metalOn-platform databases,monitoring,and security tie for top container platform add-ons.Question:Is your organization making a strategi

139、c investment in any of the following container platform add-ons?(Select all that apply)352022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTServerless adoption remains flat at 23%.07Serverless AdoptionQuestion:Is your organization adopting serverless?Overall:2019-2022YesNo,but we plan to use it in the next 18 monthsNo,

140、and we are not planning to use it in the next 18 monthsI dont know2002214%35%28%23%14%36%27%22%12%37%26%24%19%37%27%18%There is no clear leader when it comes to serverless offerings.Question:Is your organization making a strategic investment in any of the following FaaS/serverless offerin

141、gs or open-source projects?(Select all that apply)29%Azure Functions4%Knative0%Other25%Google Cloud Functions40%N/A,we are not strategically investing in FaaS/serverless27%AWS LambdaMinimizing cost/platform sprawl is the top benefit to using serverless;leaders are more likely to value the developer

142、experience.Question:What would prompt you to use serverless?On par with the majorityLeadersMinimize cost/platform sprawl.No need to manage a platform.Easier for developers.We have no reason to use serverless.I dont know.Leaders vs.Laggards:2022Overall:202234%11%24%16%30%23%30%10%8%16%Laggards27%11%2

143、9%16%18%31%27%15%14%13%372022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORTThe biggest barrier to adopting serverlessespecially among leadersis applications requiring integration with other cloud services that are not ready.Question:What are the biggest barriers to adopting serverless?Our application(s)require(s)integ

144、ration with other cloud services that are not there yet.We just dont have a business use case for it.Our application is too complex.I dont know.Leaders vs.Laggards:2022Overall:2022Leaders47%23%18%12%On par with the majority29%18%33%19%Laggards32%13%37%19%29%19%17%35%382022 STATE OF MULTICLOUD REPORT

145、ABOUT THE AUTHORAsena HertzVP,Product Marketing at Turbonomic,an IBM CompanyAsena leads product marketing at Turbonomic,bringing more than a decade of experience marketing disruptive technologies that span application resource management,energy and resource analytics,developer tools,clean tech,and m

146、ore.She is passionate about the transformative impact that cloud and cloud native technologies are having today,as well as the opportunities for automation to change peoples lives and climate for the better.IBM,the IBM logo,and IBM Trademarks List,are trademarks or registered trademarks of Internati

147、onal Business Machines Corporation,in the United States and/or other countries.Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM orother companies.A current list of IBM trademarks is available on document is current as of the initial date of publication and may be changed by IBM at any time

148、.Notall offerings are available in every country in which IBM operates.THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED“AS IS”WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY,EXPRESSORIMPLIED,INCLUDING WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,FITNESS FORAPARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF NON-INFRINGEMENT.IBM products are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the agreements under whichtheyare provided.Copyright IBM Corporation 2022IBM Corporation New Orchard Road Armonk,NY 10504 Produced in the United States of America February 2022