1、National Science BoardThe State of U.S.Science&EngineeringScience&Engineering Indicators 2022Thursday,January 20,2022National Science BoardSpeakers:Ellen OchoaChair,National Science Board(NSB)Director(retired)Lyndon B.Johnson Space CenterSethuraman PanchanathanDirectorNational Science Foundation Jul

2、ia PhillipsChair,NSB Committee on National S&E PolicyExecutive EmeritaSandia National Laboratories23NSB Vision 2030NSF VisionAdministration PillarsResearch benefitsSTEM talentGeography of innovationGlobal S&E communityAdvancing researchAccessibility and inclusivityGlobal leadershipTranslation,Innova

3、tion,Partnerships(TIP)Pandemic responseEconomic recoveryRacial equityClimate changeMissing MillionsGlobal CompetitionBipartisan Support4Defining MomentDefining MomentVisionAdvancing the frontiers of research into the future Ensuring accessibility and inclusivitySecuring global leadershipPARTNERSHIPN

4、ational Science BoardPolicy making body for NSFEstablishes policiesIdentifies issues critical to NSFs futureApproves strategic budget direction and major programs and awardsAdvisors to the President and CongressPublishes Science and Engineering IndicatorsIssues policy reports on S&E,STEM education,a

5、nd workforceNATIONAL SCIENCE BOARD:TWO ROLES6National Science BoardScience and Engineering Indicators7 Elementary and Secondary STEM Education Academic Research&Development The STEM Labor Force of Today:Scientists,Engineers,and Skilled Technical Workers Invention,Knowledge Transfer and Innovation Pu

6、blications Output Higher Education R&D:U.S.Trends and International Comparisons Production and Trade of Knowledge-and Technology-Intensive Industries Science and Technology:Public Perceptions,Awareness,and Information Sources State Indicatorshttps:/ncses.nsf.gov/indicatorsNational Science BoardResou

7、rces from the National Science Board8https:/www.nsf.gov/nsb/sei/National Science BoardThe data show the United States is in a strong leadership position and plays a central role as educator and collaborator.But that role has evolved as other countries outpace our growth in S&T investments and capabi

8、lities.9The State of U.S.Science&EngineeringNational Science Board308.8409.560.697.394.1108.5669.7455.9149.2109.4105.6101.000500600700800CHINAUNITEDSTATESINDIAGERMANYUNITEDKINGDOMJAPANThousandsS&E articles,by selected region or country:2010 and 20202010202010Global S&E PublicationsNationa

9、l Science Board11Shares of worldwide patents granted to inventors,by selected region,country,or economy:2010 and 20200830405060UNITEDSTATESEU-27SOUTHKOREAJAPANCHINACountry or economy20102020Percent ShareGlobal S&E PatentsNational Science Board0500030000350

10、0040000450002000200042005200620072008200920001620172018S&E doctoral degrees,selected countries:200018BrazilChinaFranceGermanyIndiaJapanSouth KoreaUnited KingdomUnited StatesGlobal S&E Doctoral Degrees AwardedNational Science BoardInternational Students in S&E13050,00

11、0100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000400,000450,00020001820192020International students in S&E enrolled at U.S.higher education institutions,by academic level:201220International undergraduate students in S&E fieldsInternational graduate students in S&E fieldsNational Sci

12、ence Board040050060070020002002200420062008200162018Billions of current PPP dollarsGross domestic expenditures on R&D,by selected country:200019United StatesChinaJapanGermanySouth KoreaFranceUnited KingdomIndia27%of 2019 total23%of 2019 totalGlobal R&D SpendingNational Science

13、BoardBuilding,broadening,and diversifying S&E capacity could strengthen the U.S.S&E enterprise and bolster its ability to meet future challenges.15The State of U.S.Science&EngineeringNational Science Board16Public middle and high school mathematics and science teachers with 3 years or less of teachi

14、ng experience,by selected school characteristics:201718K-12 Education:Public School STEM Teacher ExperienceNational Science Board17U.S.STEM Workforce New definition of the STEM workforce:workers at all education levels working in occupations that use significant levels of S&E expertise and skills.Th

15、ere are 36 million STEM workers,comprising 23%of the total U.S.workforce.16 million with a bachelors degree or higher 20 million without a bachelors degree the Skilled Technical Workforce(STW)They work in a variety of occupations ranging from scientists and engineers to workers in health care to tho

16、se in production and construction.National Science Board44.27.77.10.225.819.49.70.641.95.56.00.226.115.08.70.6055404550BA OR HIGHER:WOMENBA OR HIGHER:HISPANICBA OR HIGHER:BLACKBA OR HIGHER:AMERICANINDIAN ORALASKANATIVEWITHOUT ABA:WOMENWITHOUT ABA:HISPANICWITHOUT ABA:BLACKWITHOUT ABA:AMERI

17、CANINDIAN ORALASKANATIVEPercentDemographic composition of the STEM workforce,by selected groups:2010 and 208U.S.STEM Workforce:Women and Underrepresented Racial/Ethnic GroupsNational Science BoardStagnant performance by U.S.STEM K12 students and demographic differences in achievement high

18、light areas for potential strengthening.And geographical analysis of the U.S.S&E enterprise reveals an uneven distribution of S&E activities and STEM career opportunities.19The State of U.S.Science&EngineeringNational Science BoardNational Science BoardThe U.S.is a Keystone of Global Science&Enginee

19、ringDomestic STEM TalentInternational STEM TalentCritical and Emerging TechnologiesBasic ResearchCollaboration2122https:/www.nsf.gov/nsb/NSBActivities/vision-2030.jspNational Science BoardLagging Right Out of the Gate:U.S.K-12 STEM Education23National Science BoardGender Differences in STEM Higher E

20、ducation24National Science BoardThe Missing PhDs:Gaps by Race or Ethnicity252018 data from Women,Minorities,and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering 2021https:/ncses.nsf.gov/wmpdNational Science BoardGeography of S&E:Leveraging Local Strengths262019National Science BoardThe U.S.is a

21、Keystone of Global Science&EngineeringInternational STEM Talent28National Science BoardDoctorates Awarded:Domestic and International Students29National Science BoardInternational STEM Talent in the U.S.Workforce30National Science BoardThe U.S.is a Keystone of Global Science&EngineeringCritical and E

22、merging Technologies31National Science BoardDemographics of S&E Workers in Selected KTI Industries322019Number of EmployeesNational Science BoardThe U.S.is a Keystone of Global Science&EngineeringBasic Research33National Science BoardFederal Funding:Decreasing Share,Declining in Real Dollars34Nation

23、al Science BoardThe U.S.is a Keystone of Global Science&EngineeringCollaboration35National Science BoardCOVID-19 Publication Collaborations:202036National Science BoardWhat Does It Mean to Be a Keystone?Domestic STEM TalentInternational STEM TalentCritical and Emerging TechnologiesBasic ResearchCollaboration37https:/www.nsf.gov/nsb/sei/keystone2022.pdf