1、Green exports to foster sustainable developmentVanuatu Virgin Coconut OilExport GuideGreen exports to foster sustainable developmentVanuatu Virgin Coconut OilExport GuideGeneva,2023 2023,United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentThe findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed herein a

2、re those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States.The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerni

3、ng the legal status of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.Mention of any firm or licensed process does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations.This publication has not been formally edited.UNCTAD/TCS/DITC/INF

4、/2023/7AcknowledgementsThis export guide was prepared by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development(UNCTAD)under the supervision of Julien Bliesener and Seul Lee of the Trade Analysis Branch,Division on International Trade and Commodities,UNCTAD,with Roy Amos Pakoasongi and John F Euan A

5、mos(consultants)leading on drafting.The guide benefited greatly from inputs from Ruth Amos,Vanuatu Bureau of Standards;Noel Kalo,Department of Industry;and Antoine Ravo,Department of Agriculture.Inputs from different departments of the Government of Vanuatu were also greatly appreciated:Biosecurity

6、Vanuatu;Department of Customs and Revenue;Department of Industry;Department of Womens Affairs;and Single Window.Inputs from the Pacific Organic and Ethical Trade Community were also greatly appreciated.The guide also benefited greatly from inputs received from the private sector:Tal Milfirer,Geolab

7、XP;Dion Palu,Pacific Quality Solutions;John Toner,South Sea Cargo;Alternative Communities Trade in Vanuatu;Belas Customs Broker;Coconut Industry Working Group;Ifira Ports Development Services;Swire Shipping;Vanuatu Cooperative Business Network;Vanuatu Primary Producers Association and various Ni-Van

8、uatu virgin coconut oil producers and wholesalers.At UNCTAD,inputs and comments from Jhanvi Trivedi and Rupal Verma were also appreciated.Jenifer Tacardon-Mercado and Rupal Verma prepared the cover and provided desktop publishing.The guide is part of the project titled“Green trade for sustainable de

9、velopment in Pacific small island developing States of the Melanesian Spearhead Group(MSG)”.The project was financed through tranche 12 of the United Nations Development Account and implemented by UNCTAD jointly with the MSG Secretariat.UNCTAD extends its appreciation to the Government of Vanuatu,pa

10、rticularly the Department of External Trade and the Department of Industry,which contributed significantly to the success of this project.iiiAcknowledgementsVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentNoteThe term“dollars”($)refers to United States dollars

11、unless otherwise specified.The term“VUV”refers to Vanuatu vatu unless otherwise specified.Abbreviations and acronymsCAGRCompound Annual Growth RateCNOCrude Coconut OilIFOAMInternational Federation of Organic Agriculture MovementsPoetComPacific Organic and Ethical Trade CommunityPGSParticipatory Guar

12、antee SystemUNCTADUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development VATValue Added TaxVCOVirgin Coconut OilVSSVoluntary Sustainability StandardsVUVVanuatu VatuivContentsAcknowledgements.iiiNote.ivAbbreviations and acronyms.ivIntroduction.11.Before exporting.31.1 Research your market.31.2 Estimating

13、 costs.51.2.1 Tariffs(similar for certified and regular VCO).51.2.2 Various taxes/fees.51.2.3 Shipping/logistics.61.2.4 Customs brokers.71.2.5 Testing laboratories and facilities.71.2.6 Certification costs.81.3 Getting local support.81.4 Finding a buyer overseas.81.5 Flowchart of VCO export value ch

14、ain.92.Getting ready to export.112.1 Register as an exporter.112.2 Summary by exporting destination.112.2.1 Australia.112.2.2 European Union.122.2.3 Japan.142.2.4 United States of America.162.3 Obtaining the necessary certification for exporting organic/Fairtrade VCO.172.3.1 Pacific Organic Standard

15、 Participatory Guarantee System(PGS).172.3.2 For broader international markets beyond regional boundaries.183.Exporting virgin coconut oil.193.1 Shipping.193.2 Arrival in country.19References.20Annex 1.22Annex 2.24Annex 3.25vContentsVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sus

16、tainable developmentList of tables1.Major markets for crude and virgin coconut oil.32.Cost/benefit estimate for 1 tonne/1000 litres of VCO for export based on interviews(conducted in 2022).53.Specific fees and requirements to export virgin coconut oil(in 2022).64.Cost of shipping from Vanuatu(in 202

17、2).65.Contacts for government agencies.226.Contacts for shipping agencies.227.Contacts for laboratories.238.Contacts for banks.239.Contacts for international and local organizations.2310.Contacts for international certification agencies.2311.End market for virgin coconut oil in Australia(websites co

18、nsulted in December 2022).2412.End market prices for virgin coconut oil in the European Union(websites consulted in March 2023).24List of figures1.Flowchart of VCO export value chain.9viIntroductionWhy preparing this Export Guide?The purpose of this Export Guide is to provide producers and exporters

19、 of virgin coconut oil(VCO)in Vanuatu with information on the requirements and procedures to be followed to meet the regulations of main importing countries.Additionally,it seeks to open increased opportunities for exporting VCO to sustainability-oriented markets.The ultimate goal is to raise produc

20、ers awareness of potential market prospects available to them.What are the expected benefits for you and the country?In addition to the above,the rationale for this report is the following:a)Increasing awareness among existent and potential coconut oil exporters regarding minimum requirements expect

21、ed.b)Strengthening and improving internal logistical and supply network for facilitating virgin coconut oil production,transportation and export.c)Revitalizing the countrys coconut industry through increased export of quality virgin coconut oil.Green trade as a central element of sustainable develop

22、mentIn 2016,a national team of experts,supported by the Department of Industry,Vanuatu,and UNCTAD,introduced the idea of developing sustainable coconut production as a tool to expand green trade(UNCTAD,2016).Building on the learnings from this study,the concept of Voluntary Sustainability Standards(

23、VSS)was introduced in 2020 to producers in Vanuatu to be used as a vehicle for sustainable development(UNCTAD,2020).Moreover,green trade is inclusive and provides opportunities for rural communities,including women and youth,to benefit from sustainable economic development and participate in trade a

24、ctivities.VSS to improve the quality of exportationsAlthough still new for policymakers,producers and exporters of VCO in Vanuatu,VSS markets are increasingly being tapped into,namely the organic(Australia)and fairtrade(European Union)markets.Interviews conducted for this Export Guide show at least

25、two different producers producing and exporting certified VCO to these two markets.Structure of this Export GuideThe Export Guide is structured so that the reader and potential exporter of VCO can acquire knowledge on:Where to search for potential VCO markets.The various steps necessary for accessin

26、g VCO markets,including the expected quality the market may demand of the products to be exported.The various documents that will be required in order to export.1Introduction naiveangelde-Adobe StockBefore exportingBefore exporting1.1 Research your market 1.1 Research your market To export VCO from

27、Vanuatu,sellers need to first identify a market and find a buyer for their product.This coconut oil Export Guide will focus on Australia and the European Union,which interviewed coconut exporters have flagged as attractive export markets for the coconut oil industry.In addition to these markets,the

28、guide will also provide insights into exporting to Japan and the United States,as both countries present attractive options for Ni-Vanuatu exporters.The global VCO market is experiencing significant growth,adding to the industrys appeal.Fortune Business Insights(2021)reported that,the Compound Annua

29、l Growth Rate(CAGR)for the VCO market will stand at 7.53 per cent annually over the next 10 years.This will double the size of the market from a total of$2.11 billion in 2020 to approximately$4.34 billion by 2030.1 The International Coconut Community is somewhat less bullish for VCO and expects a CA

30、GR of 2.4 per cent in the next five years(ICC,2022).Nevertheless,coconut,and in particular VCO,benefits from an underlying trend towards“healthier”vegetable oils.It has potential in markets where consumers are receptive to nutritional arguments(CBI,2016).Table 1 shows that the main market for VCO is

31、 the United States of America,followed by the European Union and then China.Even if Japan and Australia are smaller markets,their proximity makes them appealing for Vanuatus exports.The table shows a sharp increase in the value of world imports between 2020 and 2021.However,it should be noted that t

32、his is partly due to the sharp increase in international coconut oil prices between 2020 and 2021 and that the increase in volume is more moderate.By September 2022,prices had returned to their end-2020 level(FAO,n.d.).Crude coconut oil2(CNO)data are also provided for comparison.Table 1.Major market

33、s for crude and virgin coconut oil2021-Quantity of imports(tons)2021-Value of imports(millions of United States dollars)2020/2021CrudeVirginCrudeVirginPercentage change Crude value Percentage change Virgin valuePercentage change in Virgin volumeUnited States176 325291 586289.7564.1495612European Uni

34、on630 399262 014969.2468.373518China3 646170 4138.2275.8-4847Japan27341 4901.974.2197912Australia59112 6361.328.62925914Source:Own calculations based on UN Comtrade and ITC Trade Map.1$1=VUV 109.45 at 2021 average(IMF,n.d.).$4.34 billion=VUV 475.013 billion.2 CNO is derived from dried coconut meat(c

35、opra)whereas VCO is extracted from fresh coconut meat.Vanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentThe most promising markets for coconut oil,specifically VCO,are Australia and the European Union.Australia is the largest market in the Pacific,with the demand

36、 for certified products growing rapidly(FiBL,2022).Furthermore,Australia was the top destination for Vanuatus VCO exports in both 2020 and 2021(UN Comtrade,n.d.).Within the European Union,Germany(23 per cent),Belgium(18 per cent),France(11 per cent),Poland(9 per cent),and Italy(9 per cent)are the to

37、p importers of VCO.The European Union ranks as a major market for certified products,being the second largest organic market after the United States(FiBL,2022).While Vanuatu may not currently export to the United States or Japan,both nations present interesting prospects for certified products and,h

38、itherto,certified VCO.Current domestic VCO market and prices It is important to consider the attractiveness of the local market before embarking on exporting.Selling in the local market can offer a good return if one takes into account all the costs and paperwork involved in exporting products.It is

39、 also important to consider that for exporting,maintaining product quality can represent more work.The VCO in Vanuatu finds outlets on the local market but is also attractive for tourists,in particular the transformation into cosmetics or essential oils.When reselling to local intermediaries,other n

40、on-financial benefits should also be considered,such as coverage of transportation costs to Port Vila.Prices per litre reported for purchase in the local market based on data collected from research and interviews(conducted in 2022)are:VUV 700 for the Volcanic Earth cosmetics company;VUV 700 for the

41、 Alternative Community Trade Initiative Volunteer(ACTIV)which exports to New Zealand;VUV 3,500 as a resale price to tourists as reported in a previous study(UNCTAD,2020).Packaging,sales and certification costs must be included in this price.Another solution reported is to establish direct connection

42、s with importing companies in the targeted markets.By doing so,producers can then sell their products directly to the local offices of these companies based in Vanuatu or directly to the importing company.VSS as an opportunityThe VCO VSS market promises a comparatively higher return on investment th

43、an copra production as highlighted in the assessment of organic certification coconut oil value chain in Vanuatu(UNCTAD,2020).There is no clear data regarding the share of certified products in VCO consumption in the selected markets.Nevertheless,a large proportion of the VCO found on the websites o

44、f European and Australian supermarket chains or online retailers are certified products(organic or Fairtrade).This means that certified products have a significant share of direct sales to consumers and might represent an interesting opportunity(see Annex 2).Additionally,when comparing the local mar

45、ket prices of Certified and Non-certified VCO,the Organic certified VCO products such as VCO on the Volcanic Earth cosmetics companys online shop are sold at VUV 1,500/330ml compared to non-certified VCO that sell for only VUV 350/250ml giving a price margin of about VUV 775 for approximately 250ml

46、of VCO.41.2 Estimating costsOnce a market of interest has been identified,it is necessary to estimate the economic cost of exporting and the viability of such an operation.Table 2 below gives rough estimation of the cost of exporting 1 tonne of VCO(without labour costs,taxes,etc.).Table 2.Cost/benef

47、it estimate for 1 tonne/1000 litres of VCO for export based on interviewsCost of raw materials3+VUV 700 000Cost of freight to Port Vila+VUV 4 000Cost of additional filtering+VUV 5 000Cost of packaging+VUV 10 000 Cost of export related activities+VUV 100 000Cost of export freight+VUV 70 000_Total est

48、imated cost =VUV 889 000Sales at export market price of*VUV 1500/l4=VUV 1 500 000Total sales revenue of 1 000 litre of VCO =VUV 1 500 000Total estimated cost of input -VUV 889 000-Indicative benefit(not accounting for cost of labour)=VUV 611 000Source:Based on interviews with Vanuatu based VCO expor

49、ters(2022).Estimating costs and finding information1.2.1 Tariffs(similar for certified and regular VCO)The harmonized system(HS)code of VCO is 1513.19Australia:The national tariff line of VCO is 1513.19.00.VCO products are exempted from duties(0 per cent).European Union:The integrated tariff is 1513

50、.19.11(in immediate packings of a net content not exceeding 1 kg)and 1513.19.19(Other).VCO products are exempted from duty(0 per cent)under the“Special Arrangement for the least-developed countries”.Japan:VCO is exempted from duty(0 per cent)under the Preferential tariff for Generalized System of Pr

51、eferences countries.United States:Similarly,VCO is exempted from duty under the Most Favoured Nation rate.1.2.2 Various taxes/fees Additionally,VCO producers and exporters need to comply with quality and certification measures that require payment of fees.The specific fees and minimum requirements c

52、an be found in the table 3 below:3 The quality of the purchased VCO can be variable and losses are likely.4 Price based on the“Vanuatu Farmer Market”website.51.Before exportingVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentTable 3.Specific fees and requirement

53、s to export virgin coconut oil(in 2022)Documentation Cost Contact1.Business name registrationVUV 13 000 for new registrationVUV 5 000 for renewalVanuatu Financial Services CommissionUseful link:https:/www.vfsc.vu/business-names-form/2.Business licenseVUV 10 000 for renewal(for a new business total f

54、ee will be calculated against the number of months left in that year)Customs and Inland Revenue(see contact in Annex 1)3.Industry permitVUV 2 500Department of Industry4.Certificate of originNO COST(FREE)Customs and Inland Revenue(see contact in Annex 1)5.Customs handling feeVUV 1 000Customs and Inla

55、nd Revenue(see contact in Annex 1)6.Inspection of empty containerVUV 1 000Department of BiosecurityUseful link to see additional fees:https:/biosecurity.gov.vu/index.php/fees-charges/biosecurity-fees Source:See contact details column.1.2.3 Shipping/logisticsInformation regarding the estimations of c

56、osts relating to shipping or logistics can be found in Table 4(note that all contact details can be found in Annex 1).Table 4.Cost of shipping from Vanuatu(in 2022)LogisticsEstimated costsContactInter-Island sea freight to Port Vila-VUV 700 to VUV 1 000 for a full 20 litres or 25 litres container(de

57、pending on the ship used)-VUV 3 000 to VUV 4 000 for a full 200 litres drum-Vanuatu ferry-MV Valerie-LC Herpoli-LC Tiwi-traderFreight prices for 20ft containers:-VUV 288 000 Port Vila-Santo-VUV 192 000 Port Vila-Malekula-VUV 303 000 Port Vila-Tanna-VUV 132 000 Santo-Malekula-South Sea shippingCubic

58、prices for Less than Container Load(standard price for all routes:-For cartons or containers up to 20 litre in size,the cost is VUV 10 125 per cubic metre or per wrapped Pallet-For anything larger than 20 litre in size,the cost is VUV 13 500 per cubic metre-VUV 4 200 per 200 litre plastic container/

59、cylindrical drum/.6LogisticsEstimated costsContactSea Freight Port Vila-Overseas port:-VUV 134 000 140 000 per cubic metre for shipping to Sydney-VUV 140 000 150 000 per cubic metre for shipping to Rotterdam,Netherlands(European Union)baseline estimate for both cost ranges was obtained from Fr8 logi

60、stics quotation-Vanuatu agencies-Fr8 logistics Ltd*To obtain a quote for Full Container Loadrates,contact the companies in“contact”:-20-foot-40-foot-Tropical agency Ltd-TransamAir freight Port Vila Overseas portDHL express air freight rate for your shipment based on 10kg:1:Air freight from Port Vila

61、 to Rotterdam,Netherlands:VUV 97 6802:Air freight from Port Vila to Sydney,Australia:VUV 48 612-Fr8 logistics Ltd*Please note that if an exporter is unable to fill a full container with coconut oil,an alternate method is to export via Less than Container Load.If the VCO exporter does not have enough

62、 supply to meet market demand,they can contact the Department of Industry to obtain contacts of other VCO manufacturers who may be able to assist in meeting the demand.Source:See contact details column.1.2.4 Customs brokersCustoms brokers can help you export your products by assisting with the compl

63、etion of all necessary paperwork and payments.They can also provide advice on the next steps of the process.Contracting a customs brokerContracting a customs broker:There is a registry on the customs and inland revenue website that:There is a registry on the customs and inland revenue website that p

64、rovides the details of all the customs brokers.To check the registry,click the following link:provides the details of all the customs brokers.To check the registry,click the following link:https:/customsinlandrevenue.gov.vu/index.php/customs/vanuatu-customs-brokersFr8 logistics Ltd and DHL offer ser

65、vices for exporting products overseas using a cubic metre of space in one of their containers.According to a baseline quote from Fr8 logistics,the cost of shipping one cubic metre of VCO to Sydney is approximately VUV 134,075,which includes two parts of the cost:local charges in Vila(VUV 57,620)and

66、sea freight charges(VUV 76,455).The cost of shipping to Europe(to Rotterdam port)is about VUV 143,762,which includes origin local charges(VUV 57,620)and sea freight charges(VUV 86,142).It is important to note that these prices are indicative,and each company may have different fees.1.2.5 Testing lab

67、oratories and facilitiesThere are two laboratories on Efate that can conduct testing on VCO(see contacts in Annex 1):The Vanuatu Bureau of Standards laboratory can carry out both microbiological analysis(hygiene carry out both microbiological analysis(hygiene test)and chemical analysis(quality test)

68、.The total cost for a chemical analysis of VCO samples test)and chemical analysis(quality test).The total cost for a chemical analysis of VCO samples provided to the VBS laboratory is approximately provided to the VBS laboratory is approximately VUV 3,700VUV 3,700,which includes tests for moisture c

69、ontent,which includes tests for moisture content 71.Before exportingVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable development(VUV600VUV600),oil content(),oil content(VUV 1,000VUV 1,000),free fatty acid content(),free fatty acid content(VUV 1,500VUV 1,500),and refractive

70、 index(),and refractive index(VUV VUV 600600).The cost of microbiological analysis ranges from).The cost of microbiological analysis ranges from VUV 600 VUV 600 to to VUV 1,800VUV 1,800,depending on the type,depending on the type of test required.Additionally,a certificate of analysis(results of tes

71、ting)costs of test required.Additionally,a certificate of analysis(results of testing)costs VUV 600VUV 600.GeoLabXP:Contact them for more information about the testing costs(see contact details in Annex 1).1.2.6 Certification costsThe cost of certification for VCO will depend on the chosen certifica

72、tion system.Please refer to section 2.3 for the certification procedure.There are funds available for producers to access,which are indicated in section 1.3 below.1.3 Getting local supportThere are several local public offices and private businesses that can provide support to help you export your V

73、CO to international markets(further details in Annex 1):Export assistance:To obtain assistance with exporting your product,finding information,and accessing online procedures,you can use the Department of Customs and Inland Revenues Single Window Portal.You can access the portal via this link:https:

74、/singlewindow.gov.vu/Technical assistance to assist in meeting market certification requirements for production facilities:Contact the Vanuatu Bureau of Standards,the Department of Biosecurity,and Quality Solutions Pacific for technical assistance to help meet market certification requirements for p

75、roduction facilities.This includes obtaining a Certificate of Analysis,Phytosanitary Certificate,and Standards Certification.Marketing assistance:Contact the Department of External Trade,Vanuatu Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the Marketing office of the Department of Industry.Financial support

76、 to assist in exporting your product:Seek assistance by contacting the Department of Industry and also the Office of the Registrar of Cooperatives and Business Development Services for more information on these following funds:o Industry Development Fund o Cooperative Development fund1.4 Finding a b

77、uyer overseas One of the easiest ways to export VCO is to find a partner directly in the export markets who can offer support in the administrative process.Contacts for these agencies and organizations can be found in Annex 1.Here is a list of potential institutions that may help in finding buyers o

78、f VCO in Australia,the European Union,Japan or the United States:The Department of IndustryVanuatu Chamber of Commerce and IndustryPacific Trade Investment8Vanuatu High Commission in CanberraPermanent Mission of the Republic of Vanuatu to the United Nations in GenevaOnce all the previous elements ha

79、ve been properly assessed,the exporter can determine whether they are ready to export and if there is potential in the export markets.Before delving into the next chapter,which explains how to prepare for exporting,Figure 1 on the following page provides a flow chart detailing the different steps an

80、 exporter needs to take in order to export.1.5 Flowchart of VCO export value chainFigure 1.Flowchart of VCO export value chainSource:Own creation based on interviews.1.VCO distributer in importing country identifies VCO VSS market2.Contact Vanuatu VCO exporter3.VCO exporter obtains export permit and

81、 VCO distributors invoice4.VCO exporter consults broker and suppliers5.Customs broker6.Ifira ports development services7.Customs8.Shiping agencies9.VCO distributor1.Receives the Distributors invoice.2.Obtains certificate of origin from customs.3.Obtains packing list from exporter.4.Liaises with ship

82、ping agencies.5.Talks to ifira stevedoring to obtain a tax invoice.6.Contacts biosecurity for inspection and for inspection certificate.7.Obtains the bill of lading.8.Obtains customs release certificate.9.Delivers bill of lading and additional documents to VCO exporter.1.Delivers tax invoice.2.Deliv

83、ers empty container and retrieve packed container.3.Ensures loading of container on to the ship.1.Provides certificate of origin from customs.2.Provides Bill of lading.3.Provides custom assessment notice.4.Provides customs release certificate.5.Provides customs clearance.1.Receives Customs release c

84、ertificate.2.Facilitates sealing of container.3.Facilitates shipment and landing of container.4.Facilitates payment of bill of lading.VCO Suppliers-Quantity and quality requirement of the VCO.1.Ensures bill of lading is paid.2.Receives additional relevant documents from the exporter.3.Facilitates cl

85、earance of container and goods via destination customs broker.91.Before exporting jakartatravel-Adobe StockGetting ready to exportGetting ready to export2.1 Register as an exporter2.1 Register as an exporterHere are the steps to become an exporter of VCO:Step 1:Register your business name at the Van

86、uatu Financial Service Commission.Step 2:Obtain a business license from customs and inland revenue.Step 3:Obtain an industry permit from the Department of Industry.Step 4:Identify market requirements and start exporting VCO(see 2.2 Summary by exporting destination).Step 5:Apply for Value Added Tax(V

87、AT)number if the business is making an overall income exceeding VUV 4 million.How to apply for VAT number:Check the eligibility of your business(use this guide:https:/vanuatucustoms.gov.vu/images/VAT/https:/vanuatucustoms.gov.vu/images/VAT/ENG_Do_you_need_to_register.pdfENG_Do_you_need_to_register.p

88、df)Contact the Office of Customs and Inland revenue for more information.2.2 Summary by exporting destination2.2 Summary by exporting destinationThe following conditions apply only to the export of VCO.Exporters in Vanuatu are advised to consult their VCO distributor or buyer in Australia,the Europe

89、an Union,Japan,or the United States to understand the specific market regulations they need to adhere to.First-time exporters are recommended to seek assistance to ensure the VCO complies with all destination country regulations.The requirements for certification(organic or else)are described in sec

90、tion 2.3.below.2.2.1 Australia5a.Hygienic and quality requirements Requirement to be clean and free of contaminant seed,soil,animal and plant debris and other biosecurity risk materialsExtraneous residue limit(DDT6),1 mg per kg,for edible vegetable oilMaximum level of natural toxicants(Erucic acid),

91、20,000 mg per kg(2 per cent),for edible oil5Sources:UNCTAD TRAINS Online trainsonline.unctad.orgtrainsonline.unctad.org and Australia government websites.6 Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane.Vanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentRequirement to use permit

92、ted processing aids and food additivesb.TestingMicrobiological AnalysisChemical analysisc.PackagingEach consignment of goods to be packed in clean and new packagingd.Inspectione.CertificationPhytosanitary certificate,recognized quality assurance certificate,or food control certificate of Australiaf.

93、LabellingIn English languageFood identification(name of food,lot identification,name and address of supplier in Australia)List of ingredients;specific source name of oil“Use-by date”or“best-before date”Direction for storage and use(optional)Nutrition,health and related claims(optional)Maximum claim

94、for vitamin(Vitamin E),3.0 mg(30 per cent)per 10g,for edible oil Nutrition information(see Annex 3)If the oil has undergone a process that has altered its fatty acid composition,a statement that describes the nature of that processCountry of origin(If the food was packaged using food from more than

95、one country:(a)Identify where the food was packaged;(b)Indicate that the food is of multiple origin)g.Price control measures including additional taxes and charges2.2.2 European Union7(1)Virgin coconut oil as fooda.Hygienic and quality requirements Maximum level of contaminants8Metal,0.10mg per kg w

96、et weight for oilsSum of dioxins(WHO-PCDD/F-TEQ),0.75 picogramme(pg)per g fat,for vegetable oils and fats97 Source:UNCTAD TRAINS Online trainsonline.unctad.org and European Union websites.8 See https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02006R Section 5,6 and 8.9 WHO-PCD

97、D/F-TEQ is the sum of the toxic equivalencies of the 17 most toxicologically significant dioxins and furans.For more information,see https:/www.bfr.bund.de/en/frequently_asked_questions_about_dioxins_and_pcbs_in_food-69876.html#:text=WHO%2DPCDD%2FF%2DTEQ%20is%20the%20sum%20of%20the,of%20the%2012%20d

98、l%2DPCBs.12Sum of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBS)(WHOPCDD/F-PCBTEQ),1.25 pg per g fat,for vegetable oils and fats10Sum of PCB28,PCB52,PCB101,PCB138,PCB153 and PCB180(ICES 6),40 nanogramme(ng)per g fat,for vegetable oils and fats11Benzo(a)pyrene 2.0g per kg,for coconut oil int

99、ended for direct human consumption or use as an ingredient in foodSum of benzo(a)pyrene,benz(a)anthracene,benzo(b)fluoranthene and chrysene 20.0 microgramme(g)per kg,for Coconut oil intended for direct human consumption or use as an ingredient in foodErucic acid,50g per kg,for vegetable oils and fat

100、sRequirement to be colourless,sediment-freeNo additional refinement,bleaching or deodorizing is required Taste and smell like coconut oilMoisture content will not exceed 0.5 per centb.Packagingc.Inspectiond.Certification Phytosanitary certificateFor organic certified VCO,Operators such as producers,

101、processors,and distributors must inform the relevant authorities about their activities so that the authorities can certify that they comply with the organic production and labelling rules.The small farmers can also choose to go for group certificatione.Labelling(see example in Annex 3)Product name:

102、Virgin Coconut Oil;Batch code;Name and address of exporterList of ingredients;net quantity“Best-before date”Recommended storage condition;usage instructionNutritional Declaration;declaration of allergenic substanceCountry of originf.TraceabilityCountry of origin10 WHO-PCDD/F-PCB-TEQ is the sum of th

103、e toxic equivalencies of the 17 most toxicologically significant dioxins and furan and the 12 dioxin like PCBS.For more information,see https:/www.bfr.bund.de/en/frequently_asked_questions_about_dioxins_and_pcbs_in_food-69876.html#:text=WHO%2DPCDD%2FF%2DTEQ%20is%20the%20sum%20of%20the,of%20the%2012%

104、20dl%2DPCBs.11 The regulation specifies the sum of PCB28,PCB52,PCB101,PCB138,PCB153 and PCB180 as ICES 6.132.Getting ready to exportVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable development(2)Virgin coconut oil as a non-animal origin feed material,feed compound,or feed

105、additive a.Hygienic and quality requirements Maximum content of the undesirable substance limit relative to a feed with a moisture content of 12 per cent in Dioxins is 0.75 ng(WHO-PCDD/F-TEQ/kg(ppt)and 1.5 ng(WHO-PCDD/F-PCB-TEQ/kg(ppt)12b.Labelling Type of feed:Feed material/feed compound/feed addit

106、ive/medicated feedName and address of the businessEstablishment approval numberNet quantityList of feed additives preceded by the heading additivesMoisture contentc.PackagingWhen selling feed additives,it is required to use sealed packages or containers.However,if the product is sold in bulk or unse

107、aled packages or containers,a document with all necessary labelling information is requiredd.AuthorizationIf for the sale of feed additives.Producers have to submit their applications for authorization to the European Commission To learn more about exporting more to the European Union market click t

108、his link:https:/www.cbi.eu/node/764/pdf2.2.3 Japan13a.NotificationImport notification to quarantine station right after the arrival of a cargo or 7 days before planned arrival through an Advance Notification System.The import notification form in English is available at https:/www.mhlw.go.jp/content

109、/11130500/000788796.pdfTogether with the import notification form,(If VCO is exported as a processed food)an ingredient list and a food production flow chart(If VCO is exported as an additive),an explanatory leaflet by which the compounding ration and usage,etc.can be confirmedIf VCO is to be used i

110、n the production of edible fat and oil,the import notification is not needed.Instead,a confirmation certificate should be obtained from quarantine station and submitted to customs.Upon application,quarantine station confirms that the concerned oil does not need the import notification and seals one

111、application copy12 See the footnotes 6 and 7.13Source:UNCTAD TRAINS Online trainsonline.unctad.org,translated Japanese laws and Japanese Government websites.14b.Hygienic and quality requirementsCesium(referring to cesium-134 and cesium-137 among radioactive substances)not exceeding 100Bq/kgZero tole

112、rance of following pesticides2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid;Ipronidazole;Oraquindox;Kaptahor;Calvadox;Coumaphos;Chloramphenicol;Krolluslon;Chlorpromazine;Gentian Violet;Diethylstilbestrol;Dimetridazole;Daminozid;Nitalson;Nitrofurazone;Nitrofurantoin;Sodium nifurstyrate;Furazolidone;Furaltadon;Pro

113、fam;Malachite green;Metronidazole;Loxarson;LonidazoleProcessing,storage,transport and packaging in a clean and sanitary manner.Importers must verify food safety and maintain import records for potential checks.Violations require immediate reportingc.Labelling14Item name(virgin coconut oil-)Net conte

114、ntExpiration Date of the Product(Y/M/D)15Name and Location of Production FacilityAllergen(mandatory if contains shrimp,crab,walnut,wheat,buckwheat,egg,milk,peanut)Nutritional labelling of food(calories,protein,fat,carbohydrates,sodium must be indicated see annex 3)(If VCO is exported as an additive)

115、List of Additive Information:1)Name2)Preserving method3)Expiration or Freshness date4)Ingredients and percentage by weight5)The letters“food additives(食品添加物)”d.InspectionAt the quarantine station,the necessity of inspection will be decided.If inspection is required,it can beDocumentary examination:r

116、aw materials,additives,production criteriaOn-the-spot inspection:appearance,foreign substances,storage conditions,and documentationTesting:assessments of agricultural chemicals,microorganisms,and genetically modified foods.e.Price control measures including additional taxes and charges14https:/www.c

117、aa.go.jp/en/policy/food_labeling/.15 For VCO,the reference is the“best-before date”.152.Getting ready to exportVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable development2.2.4 United States of America16a.NotificationPrior notice for Food and Drug Administration(FDA)review

118、 is required for shipments,with specific time frames based on the mode of transportation:2 hours for land(road),4 hours for land(rail)or air,and 8 hours for water arrivals17b.AuthorizationFacilities must register before manufacturing,processing,packing,or holding food for consumption in the United S

119、tates.Registration by an authorized individual is allowed18c.Hygienic and Quality requirementsThe exporter and its counterpart(local importer)confirm supplier adherence to the United States safety standards,identifying potential risks in imported foods(biological,chemical,physical)through regular au

120、dits,tests,or record reviews19Restricted use of adjuvants,production aids and sanitizers during the production processMaximum tolerance limit for Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCB content:0.2 ppm in animal feed and 10 ppm in human food packagingd.CertificationThe importer or the FDA might ask for proof

121、that the VCO meets its rules before allowing it into the United States.This proof can be a special certificate for each shipment,or a list of approved places where the VCO is made20It is recommended that consultation with the United States importer be undertaken to ensure that all certification requ

122、irements are met.It may be necessary to seek third-party certification21e.InspectionProduction facilities may be subject to inspection based on assessed risk by the American authorities22f.TestingTesting for restricted food additives23g.PackagingRestrictions on the materials to be used for packaging

123、,coating of food.It should be food-grade and safe for contact with food 16Source:UNCTAD TRAINS Online trainsonline.unctad.org and Food and Drug Administration websites.17 Please see the guide to Prior Notice System Interface at:https:/www.fda.gov/food/importing-food-products-united-states/filing-pri

124、or-notice-imported-foods18https:/www.fda.gov/food/guidance-regulation-food-and-dietary-supplements/registration-food-facilities-and-other-submissions.19 Foreign Supplier Verification Programs(FSVP)for Importers of Food for Humans and Animals.20 See Food Safety Modernization Act(FSMA)at:https:/www.fd

125、a.gov/food/food-safety-modernization-act-fsma/full-text-food-safety-modernization-act-fsma21 Certifications can qualify for Voluntary Qualified Importer Program,enabling faster food review and entry.22 See footnote 16.23 The FDA food additive status list can be found here:https:/www.fda.gov/food/foo

126、d-additives-petitions/food-additive-status-list16h.Labelling24Food name(Virgin Coconut Oil)Food ingredients(Virgin Coconut Oil)Net quantity of content Name and place of of business of manufacturer,packer,or distributor.Food Allergen LabelingLabeling Claims25FDA Registration(along with facility ident

127、ifier)Nutritional labelling of food(see annex 3)If applicable,detectable amount of Sulfiting agent of 10 parts per million or more must be declared on label.2.3 Obtaining the necessary certification for exporting organic/Fairtrade VCOWith the rising demand for sustainable and ethically sourced produ

128、cts,obtaining a certification for organic or fair trade VCO can open doors to high-value markets.However,understanding the types of certifications and their benefits is crucial to make informed decisions.As such,thorough market research is essential,and securing contracts with customers can help jus

129、tify the costs of certification.The most common certifications are presented below:2.3.1 Pacific Organic Standard Participatory Guarantee System(PGS)The PGS is a localized certification system,primarily targeting local and regional markets,including Australia and New Zealand.Unlike third-party certi

130、fications,which rely on external agencies,PGS relies on peer reviews and internal monitoring.Smallholder farmers form groups,working collectively to uphold and strengthen organic standards,production methods,and even marketing strategies.By doing so,these groups facilitate understanding and document

131、ation processes necessary for obtaining certification.Get in touch with Pacific Organic and Ethical Trade Community(PoetCom)to learn about the certification process.You can contact POETCom here:https:/ the Pacific Organic Guarantee System(POGS),each PGS group has its own certification criteria tailo

132、red for local needs.By joining a PGS group,members can engage in peer reviews and farm visits,fostering knowledge exchange and overall skill development.For more information on the PGS system,and getting to join one,check:PGS FAQs:https:/www.ifoam.bio/our-work/how/standards-certification/participato

133、ry-guarantee-systems/pgs-faqs;International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements(IFOAM)PGS overview:https:/www.ifoam.bio/our-work/how/standards-certification/participatory-guarantee-systems24 See Food Labeling Guide at:https:/www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/gu

134、idance-industry-food-labeling-guide25 Any claims made on the label,such as“organic,”or“natural,”must comply with specific regulatory definitions given by the FDA under the Food Labeling Guide(See Footnote 19).172.Getting ready to exportVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster

135、sustainable development2.3.2 For broader international markets beyond regional boundaries Third-party certifications are essential.These certifications are recognized and mandated by most international markets.Unlike PGS,which is localized,third-party certifications often require external inspection

136、s,stringent checks,and traceability from the farm to the end consumer.The most common third-party certifications are:Organic Certification:Organic products must adhere to specific standards,encompassing environmental,soil,water,and human-related aspects throughout the value chain.Organic certificati

137、on assures customers of the products traceability,its separation from non-organic products,and compliance with international organic standards.It is worth noting that labelling a product as“Organic”without certification is illegal in most markets.As third-party certification represents an investment

138、,costing between$5,000 to$15,000(as per POETcom),it is essential to have customers ready to buy the certified product.Nonetheless,obtaining certifications for various markets through one auditor is possible,typically for an added charge of$300-600 per certification.The steps to obtain organic certif

139、ications are the following:1.Identify Target Market:Decide on the specific export market(s)you are aiming for.Each has its distinct organic certification.2.Contact Certification Body:Reach out to the organization that provides organic certification for your target market.3.Apply for Certification:Co

140、mplete the application form to check if you meet the certification standards.Note:To export to multiple markets,separate certifications are needed.4.Undergo Inspection:An auditor visits your farm to assess compliance with organic standards.5.Address Shortcomings(if any):If your farm does not meet ce

141、rtain criteria,the auditor will recommend corrective measures.After implementing these,a re-inspection can occur.6.Receive Certification:Upon meeting all requirements,youll be granted certification.This often includes permission to use a specific label,aiding in marketing your organic product.7.Rene

142、w Certification:Organic certifications are not indefinite.Ensure you renew as specified by the certifying body to maintain your certified status.Organic Certification Agencies(more details in Annex 1):Australia:NASAA Organic-https:/nasaaorganic.org.au/European Union:EU Organic-https:/agriculture.ec.

143、europa.eu/farming/organic-farming/organics-glance_enJapan:JAS-https:/www.maff.go.jp/e/policies/standard/specific/organic_JAS.htmlUnited States:NOP(USDA)-https:/www.ams.usda.govFairtrade Certification:Aimed at ensuring farmers receive fair prices for their produce,Fairtrade certifications bring trans

144、parency to the pricing process.While Fairtrade certification can be beneficial for some products,a cost-benefit analysis should be made as the price mark-up is not always high.Steps for Fairtrade Certification:Click this video and follow the 3 steps to apply:https:/ this link-https:/ begin the certi

145、fication process.Cost of certification is 3500 EUR as an exporter(VUV 454,503).For more information,visit their website https:/ virgin coconut oilExporting virgin coconut oil3.1 Shipping3.1 ShippingCurrently the most economical method of transporting coconut oil products to export is via internation

146、al ships that visit Port Vila and Luganville wharfs every 15 days(contacts below).The process of getting a consignment of VCO by ship can be as follow:1)Obtain an overseas VCO distributors invoice.2)Secure the assistance of a customs broker.3)Obtain a certificate of origin from the Department of Cus

147、toms.4)Obtain a bill of lading from the Department of Customs.5)Provide a packing list to the Department of Customs.6)Obtain a tax invoice from wharf authorities.7)Obtain a certificate from Biosecurity for inspection of the container.8)Obtain a customs assessment notice.9)Obtain a customs release ce

148、rtificate.10)Obtain customs clearance.11)Ensure sealing of the container by vessel authorities.12)Provide copies of the bill of lading and other necessary documents obtained from the customs broker and send them to the overseas distributor.*For more detailed information contact these government agen

149、cies and private shipping companies(see contact details in Annex 1):-Government Agencies:-Department of Customs and Inland Revenue and Department of Biosecurity.-Shipping companies:-Vanuatu agencies,Fr8 logistics Ltd,Tropical agency Ltd&Transam.3.2 Arrival in country 3.2 Arrival in country Upon the

150、arrival of goods at the destined port of entry,the buyer is responsible for ensuring that the goods are cleared by Customs and Biosecurity based on the documents sent to them by the exporter.This is why,before the goods are dispatched to the destined market,it is essential to ensure that all necessa

151、ry steps and measures are followed and strictly adhered to.Vanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentReferencesFortune Business Insights(2021).Virgin coconut oil market size,share&covid-19 impact analysis,by type(organic and conventional),by end-user(food

152、&beverages,pharmaceutical,and cosmetics&personal care),and regional forecast,2021-2028,Virgin Coconut Oil Market Size&Growth|Forecast 2021-2028.Available at:https:/ 25,2022).CBI(Centre for the Promotion of Imports from developing countries)(2016).Exporting Virgin Coconut Oil to Europe.Available at:h

153、ttps:/www.cbi.eu/market-information/vegetable-oils/virgin-coconut-oil(Accessed:November 25,2022).Consumers Affairs Agency(n.d.).Food Labelling(Japan).Available at:https:/www.caa.go.jp/en/policy/food_labeling/.European Commission(2023).Access2Markets My Trade Assistant.Available at:https:/europa.eu/a

154、ccess2markets/.European Union(2023).Commission Regulation(EC)No 1881/2006 of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs(Text with EEA relevance).Available at:https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02006R.FAO(Food and Agriculture Or

155、ganization of the United Nations)(n.d.).FPMA tool Coconut oil.Available at:https:/fpma.fao.org/giews/fpmat4/#/dashboard/tool/international.FiBL(Research Institute of Organic Agriculture)(2022).The World of Organic Agriculture:Statistics&Emerging Trends 2022(Frick:FiBL and IFOAM).FDA(United States Fo

156、od and Drug Administration)(n.d.).Food Additives Status List.Available at:https:/www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/food-additive-status-list.FDA(United States Food and Drug Administration)(n.d.).Food Safety Modernization Act(FSMA).Available at:https:/www.fda.gov/food/food-safety-modernizatio

157、n-act-fsma/full-text-food-safety-modernization-act-fsma.FDA(United States Food and Drug Administration)(n.d.).Guidance for Industry:Food Labeling Guide.Available at:https:/www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry-food-labeling-guide.FDA(United States Food an

158、d Drug Administration)(n.d.).Prior Notice System Interface,Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations(21 CFR),Part 1,Subpart I.Available at:https:/www.fda.gov/food/importing-food-products-united-states/filing-prior-notice-imported-foods.FDA(United States Food and Drug Administration)(n.d.).Registration of

159、 Food Facilities and Other Submissions.Available at:https:/www.fda.gov/food/guidance-regulation-food-and-dietary-supplements/registration-food-facilities-and-other-submissionsGovernment of Vanuatu(2014).Vanuatu National Coconut Strategy.Government of Vanuatu(2021a).Quarterly Statistical Indicators.G

160、overnment of Vanuatu(2021b).Reserve Bank of Vanuatu,Quarterly Economic Review.December 2021.ICC(International Coconut Community)(2022).Outlook.Available at:https:/coconutcommunity.org/page-statistics/outlook.IMF(International Monetary Fund)(n.d.).Exchange Rates selected indicators.Available at:https

161、:/data.imf.org/regular.aspx?key=61545850.20Japan Ministry of Health and Welfare(n.d.).Food Sanitation Act,Act No.233 of 1947.Available at:https:/www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3687/en.Japan Ministry of Health and Welfare(n.d.).Regulations for Enforcement of the Food Sanitation Act Ord

162、er,No.23 of 1948.Available at:https:/www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3991/en#je_ch2.Japan Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare(2023).The Standards for Use of Food Additives.Available at:https:/www.ffcr.or.jp/en/upload/Standards%20for%20Use%20July.26%2C2023-10.pdf.MIPRO(Manufactured Im

163、ports and Investments Promotion Organization)(2019).Guide to Food Import 2019(Japan).Available at:https:/www.mipro.or.jp/english/publications/other/2019-foodimport/.Sri Lankan High Commission(2017).Opportunities for Sri Lankan coconut products in Australia.UNCTAD(United Nations Conference on Trade a

164、nd Development)(2016).National Green Export Review of Vanuatu:Copra-Coconut,Cocoa-Chocolate and Sandalwood(Geneva:United Nations).UNCTAD(United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)(2020).Assessment of Organic certification in the coconut oil value chain in Vanuatu(Geneva:United Nations).UNCT

165、AD(United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)(2023).TRAINS Online.Available at:https:/trainsonline.unctad.org/home.21ReferencesVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentAnnex 1Key contactsTable 5.Contacts for government agenciesGovernment agencie

166、s/ConsulatesTelephone numberEmail addressWebsiteCustoms and Inland Revenue+67833091VoIP:2316customsrevenuevanuatu.gov.vuhttps:/customsinlandrevenue.gov.vu/index.phpDepartment of Industry+67833415https:/doi.gov.vu/Office of the Registrar of Cooperatives and Business Development Services+67833390http:

167、/www.cooperative.gov.vuSingle Window Vanuatuhttps:/singlewindow.gov.vu/Vanuatu Bureau of Standards+678 25978/+678 5258278(ADMIN),+678 5258283(LAB)and+678 5258282(Product development)vbsvanuatu.gov.vuVanuatu Financial Service Commission+678 22247infovfsc.vu https:/www.vfsc.vu/business-names-form/Vanu

168、atu High Commission in Canberra+61 2 6282 Vanuatu Mission in Geneva+41 22 730 17 60infovanuatumission.ch Table 6.Contacts for shipping agenciesShipping companiesTelephone number(+678)Email addressWebsiteLC Tiwi-trader 5368267MV Valerie7395117Vanuatu ferry 26999/25538 7762064/7113919Fr8 logistics2774

169、4 or 5507744 exportsfr8.vuhttps:/www.fr8.vu/LC Herpoli 5132098South sea cargo 24682 Transam23991dirtransam.vu https:/.au/Tropical agency Ltd.22205 cargoVLItal.vu https:/tal.vu/Vanuatu agencies 22Table 7.Contacts for laboratoriesLaboratoriesTelephone number(+678)Email addressWebsiteGeolabXP542 6290 T

170、able 8.Contacts for banksLaboratoriesTelephone numbe(+678)Email addressWebsiteVanuatu Rural Development Bank23140(Port Vila)37256(Luganville)receptionruralbank.vuhttps:/www.ruralbank.vu/Table 9.Contacts for international and local organizationsLaboratoriesTelephone number(+678)Email addressWebsitePa

171、cific Trade Invest(PTI),(09)529 5165https:/www.pacifictradeinvest.co.nz/Pacific quality S Table 10.Contacts for international certification agenciesCountry/EntityLabelContact DetailsWebsiteAustraliaNASAA Certified OrganicPO Box 768 StirlingSA 5152,AustraliaTel:+61 8 7231 7700 .auhttps:/www.pacifictr

172、adeinvest.co.nz/AustraliaACO Certification LimitedLevel 21,12 Creek Street,Brisbane,Queensland 4000 Australia(+61)07 3350 5706https:/.au/Pages/ABoutUs/about.aspxEuropean UnionEU Organichttps:/agriculture.ec.europa.eu/farming/organic-farming/organics-glance_en JapanJASJapanese Agricultural StandardsS

173、tandards and Conformity Assessment Policy Office,Food Manufacture Affairs DivisionTel:+81-3-6744-2098jas_soudanmaff.go.jphttps:/www.maff.go.jp/e/policies/standard/specific/organic_JAS.htmlUnited StatesNOP(USDA)https:/www.ams.usda.gov IFOAMIFOAM Grower grouphttps:/www.ifoam.bio/our-work/how/standards

174、-certification/internal-control 23AnnexesVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentAnnex 2Table 11.End market for virgin coconut oil in Australia(websites consulted in December 2022)StoreBrand Category Retail price in AUDPrice in vatu(AUD$1=VUV 81)Hello P

175、ureHello Pure Organic Virgin 1 litreCold press1l/AUD$17.0VUV 1 376NiulifeExtra Virgin Coconut Extra Virgin Coconut Oil 720mlOil 720mlDirector Micro Expeller DME Cold pressed1l/AUD$29.1VUV 2 356Amazon AustraliaAbsolute organic Extra Virgin Coconut OilCold pressed(organic)1l/AUD$15.84VUV 1 282Amazon A

176、ustraliaNiulife Organic Extra Niulife Organic Extra Virgin Coconut OilVirgin Coconut OilCold pressed(organic)1l/AUD$51.4VUV 4 161Amazon AustraliaGlobal Organics Raw Cold Pressed Coconut oilCold Pressed(organic)1kg/AUD$21.4VUV 1 734WoolworthsMacro Organic Virgin Macro Organic Virgin Coconut oilCoconu

177、t oilCold pressed(organic)1kg/AUD$14.5VUV 1 175WoolworthsCoco Earth Premium liquid Coconut OilExpeller Pressed1l/AUD$26.0VUV 2 107WoolworthsCoco Earth Organic Coco Earth Organic Liquid Coconut Liquid Coconut PremiumPremiumMCT oil1l/AUD$38.0VUV 3 079Table 12.End market prices for virgin coconut oil i

178、n the European Union(websites consulted in March 2023)StoreBrand Retail price per kg/l in EUROPrice in vatu(1=VUV 126)Holland Barrett,SpainPerfectly pure virgin coconut oil1kg/26.47VUV 3 331Olmuhle Solling,GermanyBio Coconut Oil VirginBio Coconut Oil Virgin1l/17.90VUV 2 259De Notenshop,NetherlandsRa

179、w Organic Food Kokosolie Extra Virgin Raw1kg/19.38VUV 2 446Bio Planete,GermanyBio Kokol(Organic)Bio Kokol(Organic)1l/14.98VUV 1 891Rossman,GermanyEner Bio Coconut Oil1kg/11.72VUV 1 479Bio Planete,FranceVirgin Coconut oil(bio)Virgin Coconut oil(bio)1kg/28.9VUV 3 643La Tourangelle,FranceHuile vierge d

180、e noix de coco bio1l/23.22VUV 2 927Amazon,FranceJardin bio Huile vierge de coco Jardin bio Huile vierge de coco 1l/18.55VUV 2 338Rennee Voltaire,SwedenVirgin Kokosolja(organic)1kg/17.67VUV 2 22724Annex 3Labelling examples for Virgin Coconut Oil(values are indicative and should be reviewed)AustraliaN

181、utrition InformationServings per package:100Serving size:10gAverageQuantity perServingAverageQuantity per100 gEnergy370kJ3700kJProtein0g0gFat,total10g100g-saturated8.8g88gCarbohydrate0g0g-sugars0g0gSodium0mg0mgSource:Food Standards Australia.European UnionNutrition 100ml/100gEnergy3761 kJ/899 kcalFa

182、t-of which saturates99.9 g95.1 gCarbohydrates-of which sugars 0.5 g 0.5 gFibre 0.5 gProtein 0.5 gSalt 0.01 gSource:EUR-LEX,ANNEX XV.25AnnexesVanuatu Virgin Coconut Oil Export Guide:Green exports to foster sustainable developmentJapan栄養成分(100g):熱量:899 kcal質:0g脂質:-飽和脂肪:*100g92g炭水化物:-糖質:*0g0g食塩相当量:0g物質

183、:Japan informal English translation(as reference,products need to be labelled in Japanese)Nutrition information(per 100g)Energy899 kcalProtein 0gFat-Saturated fat*100g92gCarbohydrates-Of which Sugars*0g0gSalt0gAllergens:none*Optional informationSource:https:/www.caa.go.jp/en/policy/food_labeling/ass

184、ets/food_labeling_210511_0001.pdf.26United States of AmericaSource:https:/www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/changes-nutrition-facts-label.27Annexes kitiya-Adobe Stockunctad.org/tabPhoto credit:Cover:Adobe Stock Inna DodorPrinted at United Nations,Geneva 2318615(E)October 2023 100 UNCTAD/TCS/DITC/INF/2023/7