1、Mobile Net ZeroState of the Industry on Climate Action 2023 Copyright 2023 GSM AssociationThe GSMA is a global organisation unifying the mobile ecosystem to discover,develop and deliver innovation foundational to positive business environments and societal change.Our vision is to unlock the full pow

2、er of connectivity so that people,industry and society thrive.Representing mobile operators and organisations across the mobile ecosystem and adjacent industries,the GSMA delivers for its members across three broad pillars:Connectivity for Good,Industry Services and Solutions,and Outreach.This activ

3、ity includes advancing policy,tackling todays biggest societal challenges,underpinning the technology and interoperability that make mobile work,and providing the worlds largest platform to convene the mobile ecosystem at the MWC and M360 series of events.We invite you to find out more at .Follow th

4、e GSMA on Twitter:GSMA GSMA Intelligence is the definitive source of global mobile operator data,analysis and forecasts,and a publisher of authoritative industry reports and research.Our data covers every operator group,network and MVNO in every country worldwide from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe.It is t

5、he most accurate and complete set of industry metrics available,comprising tens of millions of individual data points,updated daily.GSMA Intelligence is relied on by leading operators,vendors,regulators,financial institutions and third-party industry players to support strategic decision-making and

6、long-term investment planning.The data is used as an industry reference point and is frequently cited by the media and by the industry itself.Our team of analysts and experts produce regular thought-leading research reports across a range of industry Section Title2 ContentsForeword 3Executive Summar

7、y 4Net Zero Ambition 6Case Study:TDC Net 9Operator Targets 10Climate Action Taskforce 13Understanding climate risks and opportunities 15Carbon emissions of the industry 19Energy efficiency of networks 22Case Study:Millicom|Tigo 25Transitioning to renewable electricity 27 Case Study:Verizon 30Mobile

8、industry and the supply chain 31Case Study:MTN 35Case Study:Tele2 35Digitisation and enablement 36Case Study:Telia and Ekobot 39Adaptation and resilience 40Case Study:Jazz Pakistan 43Recommendations44Regional data 46Asia Pacific Climate Action Progress 47 Case Study:Axiata 48Sub-Saharan Africa Clima

9、te Action Progress 49 Case Study:Safaricom 50 Middle East and North Africa Climate Action Progress 51Case Study:Orange 52Greater China Climate Action Progress 53Europe Climate Action Progress 54Case Study:BT Group 55North America Climate Action Progress 56Case Study:T-Mobile 57Latin America Climate

10、Action Progress 58Case Study:Telefnica 59Foreword3 ForewordFrom the devastating floods in Pakistan to the scorching heatwave across Europe this past year,the need for climate action has never been clearer.This is why we are heartened by the mobile industrys continuing progress towards net zero.In ou

11、r third annual evaluation,a record 36 mobile network operators received an A score for their climate reporting in 2022.Ambition can be clearly observed across the industry as mobile operators continue to set bold targets,with a further 12 operators committing to rapidly cutting their emissions by 20

12、30 since our last report.There has also been a notable increase in net zero commitments by operators,now representing 39%of mobile connections and 43%of global revenue.Furthermore,the industry continues to lead on transparency and accountability,with five operators Proximus,TDC,Tele2,Telefnica and T

13、-Mobile US among the first companies in the world to have their targets verified against the new Net Zero Corporate Standard.This years report also provides our first breakdown of regional progress on climate action and it is clear that Europe and North America are making the biggest strides,with op

14、erators expanding their energy efficiency programmes and sharply increasing renewable electricity use.In other regions,the picture is mixed.While there are strong levels of ambition,there are also challenges to reaching targets.Now,surprisingly,one of the key challenges to overcome in decarbonising

15、the sector is access to renewable electricity.The good news is that the industry is moving forward,with operators now directly purchasing 24%of their electricity from renewable sources,up from 18%in 2021 and 14%in 2020.This is in addition to renewables supplied through the electricity grid mix.Howev

16、er,operator demand is outstripping supply.We continue to call on governments to help expand renewable electricity access to facilitate private sector purchases.As we head into the future,collaboration is crucial to tackling the challenges that lie ahead.I am pleased that we now have more than 60 mob

17、ile operators driving systemic transformation through the GSMA Climate Action Taskforce.Together,we can succeed.The GSMA invites more operators to join,no matter where they might be on their journey.In countries around the world,we will continue to call for progressive policy from governments to bui

18、ld a regulatory environment that helps operators decarbonise,as well as recognising the power of connected digital solutions to help decarbonise other industries.The time to act is now.We hope this report provides insights into creating a greener,more sustainable and better-connected world.John Gius

19、ti Chief Regulatory Officer,GSMA4 Executive SummaryAligning to net zero To date,62 operators representing 61%of the industry by revenue and 46%by connections have committed to a science-based target of rapidly decreasing their direct and indirect emissions by 2030.This is an increase of 12 operators

20、 since last years report.A considerable portion of operators have also committed to net zero targets by 2050 or earlier,accounting for 39%of mobile connections and 43%of global revenue.Climate reporting To better understand current emissions and reduce them,the mobile industry has seen an increased

21、level of climate disclosure.This is reflected both in the number of operators disclosing and the quality of disclosures.Of the industry,67 operators disclosed to the Carbon Disclosure Project(CDP)the global disclosure system.This is an increase of seven operators since last year,and accounts for 79%

22、of mobile revenue and 66%of global connections.Furthermore,the number of mobile operators scoring A or A-reached 36,which is an increase of 14 since last year.Regional progressFor the first time,we provide an assessment of regional progress towards the net zero ambition.Europe and North America are

23、leading,with direct(Scope 1 and 2)emissions per connection falling since last year and absolute emissions plateauing.This reflects operators established energy efficiency programmes and access to renewable electricity(RE).This is the third year that the GSMA has assessed progress against the mobile

24、industrys ambition to be net zero by 2050 and we are proud to say that the industry continues to align around the 1.5C pathway.Section Title5 Electricity efficiencyOn average,the network accounts for 90%of energy use for an operator,with the Radio Access Network(RAN)representing more than 80%of this

25、,based on our latest energy benchmarking study.Energy has stubbornly remained at 20-40%of overall opex,which has been exacerbated by recent wholesale market volatility.To address this,AI-based sleep states,lithium-ion batteries,natural cooling systems and smarter site location among other measures a

26、re being deployed.Switching to renewablesGlobally,24%of electricity used by operators in 2022 is from purchased renewables,up from 18%in 2021 and 14%in 2020.There is,however,significant regional variation,with gaps present in the global south and east where access and,at times,political constraints

27、make the shift harder.European operators are purchasing the most RE at more than 80%on average,with North American operators currently around half that but expected to close the gap with new RE purchasing contracts.Energy market innovation and collaboration between governments and the private sector

28、 is needed to accelerate the transition to clean energy.Following COP27,the GSMA continues to call on governments to align their carbon-reduction targets to net zero by 2050 at the latest,and to create suitable energy market frameworks for businesses to access renewable electricity at a competitive

29、price.The environmental and financial benefits of climate action are compelling.Supply chainScope 3 emissions,which are largely from the supply chain,continue to be difficult to measure and compare year-on-year due to variances in operator reporting boundaries,methodologies and databases.To improve

30、transparency,the GSMA has been working with members on Scope 3 measurement guidance which will be published in 2023.Finally,circularity is a fast-emerging trend to boost rates of reuse,remanufacture,refurbishment,recyclability and recycling.The GSMA published a strategy paper in November 2022 on mov

31、ing towards a more circular economy for mobile devices with a focus on improving recycling and reuse rates and increasing the longevity of mobile phones.Section Title6 Net zero ambitionNet zero ambition7 Net zero ambition and SBT targetsMobile network operators worldwide are increasing their commitm

32、ents to reach net zero carbon emissions.By committing to net zero targets,operators are taking responsibility for their emissions,as well as their indirect emissions up and down their value chains.mobile operators have committed to science-based targets(SBTs)as of January 2023,accounting for.This re

33、presents an increase of.of global connections of global revenue.46%621261%and.operators compared to April 2022,when our previous edition of this report was published62%61%28%39%Net zero ambition8 The gain is a positive indicator for the industry as more operators make SBT commitments.However,it also

34、 underscores that more than half of the telecoms industry(measured by mobile connections market share)has yet to commit to SBT a key influencing factor to the overall sector achieving net zero by 2050.The gap is for a variety of reasons that range from a lack of political leadership and commitments

35、on a national level,it not yet being a priority for some companies,and the pragmatic fact that some companies will already be in the process of aligning to SBT even if the formal commitment has not yet occurred and therefore would not show up in these numbers.Figure 1|Telco industry commitment rates

36、 on key climate indicatorsSource:GSMA and CDPScience-based targets42%35%20222023ConnectionsRevenueNet zero targets46%43%Net zero ambition9 TDC Net,Denmarks leading digital infrastructure provider,is the first telecom operator to have set an ambitious target to have net zero operations by 2028 and ne

37、t zero in its value chain by 2030(compared to 2020)two decades earlier than the ambitions set out in the Paris Agreement.TDC Net believe that the companies with the best conditions to reach science-based net zero have an obligation and an opportunity to lead climate action.TDC Nets climate roadmap h

38、as a focus on energy efficiency,renewable energy(RE)and supplier engagement.TDC Nets approach focusses on the principle that the best energy is energy saved.Therefore,investment is placed in the most energy-efficient technologies and they work to reduce network energy consumption by decommissioning

39、legacy technology.The infrastructure is powered by electricity,so additionality is a mandatory requirement when procuring renewable energy.This means that power is purchased from new RE sources that are added to the grid and not certificates from existing green energy sources.To take responsibility

40、for adding renewable energy to the Danish grid,TDC Net signed a power purchase agreement(PPA)in 2021 for four new solar parks in Denmark that reflect the geographical coverage of their network and infrastructure.The four solar parks will cover approximately 60%(140 GWh)of their total energy consumpt

41、ion in 2023,and TDC Net aims to be 100%covered by renewable energy in 2028.Case Study:TDC Net In addition,regular onsite sustainability audits are conducted through the Joint Audit Cooperation(JAC).To engage smaller vendors,climate reporting workshops are hosted and TDC Net recommend that they sign

42、up to the third-party platform EcoVadis to ensure verified climate data.For new suppliers,a sustainability screening tool was developed to ensure that suppliers with the lowest carbon emissions are selected.Furthermore,TDC Net plans to introduce life cycle assessment for Scope 3 calculations which w

43、ill improve the accuracy and help to reduce CO emissions by selecting less carbon-intensive materials(e.g.with more recycled content).TDC Net have a range of initiatives to tackle the remaining 20%of the Scope 3 emissions,such as a hybrid workplace to reduce business travel and employee commuting.Mo

44、reover,energy-and fuel-related emissions will be reduced by moving to 100%renewable energy on Scope 1 and 2 and converting downstream assets to renewables.Net zero ambition10 NEAR TERM SCIENCE-BASED TARGET(SCOPES 1,2 AND 3)CARBON NEUTRAL TARGET(SCOPES 1 AND 2)COMPANY 2degreesCommittedA11.5C aligned2

45、021AlticeCommitted2050Amrica Mvil 1.5C aligned20302050AT&T1.5C aligned2035AxiataCommitted2050BCE1.5C aligned20252050Bharti Airtel1.5C aligned2050Bouygues Telecom1.5C aligned20272050BT Group1.5C aligned20312041Chunghwa TelecomCommittedCK Hutchison1.5C aligned20402050Deutsche Telekom1.5C aligned202520

46、40Elisa1.5C aligned20202050Far EasTone2C aligned2030IliadCommitted 20352050JT GroupWell-below 2C2030KDDI1.5C aligned2030KPN1.5C aligned20152040LG Uplus2030Liberty Global1.5C aligned M11.5C aligned Magyar Telekom1.5C aligned20302050Millicom1.5C aligned2050MTNCommitted2040NTT DOCOMO1.5C aligned2030Ora

47、nge1.5C aligned2040PPFCommittedProximus 1.5C aligned20162040Rakuten MobileCommitted2023Reliance Jio1.5C aligned20352050RogersCommitted2050SafaricomWell-below 2C aligned2050SingtelWell-below 2C aligned2050SK Telecom1.5C aligned20502050NET ZERO TARGET(SCOPES 1,2 AND 3)CONTINUEDFigure 2|Climate target

48、by operatorSee definitions of targets on P12.Net zero ambition11 SoftBank Corp1.5C aligned20302050Spark New Zealand1.5C alignedSunrise CommittedSwisscom1.5C aligned20202050Taiwan Mobile Well-below 2C aligned20302050TDC Net 1.5C aligned20282030Tele21.5C aligned20202035Telefnica1.5C aligned2025*2040Te

49、lenor Group1.5C aligned2030*2040*Telia Company1.5C aligned20222040Telkom SA1.5C aligned2050Telstra1.5C aligned20202050Telus1.5C aligned2030TIM1.5C aligned20252040*T Mobile NederlandCommitted2050T Mobile USA1.5C aligned20212040TPGCommitted2050True CorporationCommitted 20302050TurkcellCommittedVerizon

50、1.5C aligned20352050Virgin Media 02Committed 2050Vodacom1.5C aligned20302040Vodafone1.5C aligned20302040Vodafone Ziggo1.5C aligned20302050ZainCommitted2050COMPANYBold-validated and in line with mobile sectors net zero by 2050 ambition*Main markets-Spain,Germany and Brazil*Nordic operations*Europe ma

51、rkets Excludes Polish operationsCONTINUEDSource:CDP,SBT,UN and operatorsNEAR TERM SCIENCE-BASED TARGET(SCOPES 1,2 AND 3)CARBON NEUTRAL TARGET(SCOPES 1 AND 2)NET ZERO TARGET(SCOPES 1,2 AND 3)Net zero ambition12 DefinitionsNear-term science-based targets(SBTs)Defined by the Science-Based Targets Initi

52、ative(SBTi)to set carbon-reduction targets in line with limiting global warming.First,an organisation commits to a target,then it is validated against a target level.Targets in bold are validated and in line with the ambition of the mobile sector to be net zero by 2050.For more information,please se

53、e Carbon neutral target Refers to reducing and offsetting carbon emissions from a companys own operations(only Scope 1 and 2 emissions).Net zero targets Committing to achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2050 at the latest,as part of the UN-led Race to Zero campaign.According to the criteria used

54、by the campaign,a net zero target includes reductions in Scope 3 emissions across the whole value chain.For more information,please see unfccc.int/climate-action/race-to-zero-campaign Validated net zero targets Independent validation by a team of technical experts of emissions reduction targets agai

55、nst the qualitative and quantitative corporate criteria.For more information,please see sciencebasedtargets.org/resources/files/Net-Zero-Getting-Started-Guide.pdfSection Title13 Climate Action TaskforceProgress towards net zero has been strengthened and accelerated through collaboration between oper

56、ators across the sector.To provide a forum for this collaboration,the GSMA created a Climate Action Taskforce in 2019.The taskforce has grown rapidly over the last three years and now has 62 members,with networks in most countries around the world.The Climate Action Taskforce has four main purposes:

57、To promote and encourage leadership on climate action to move the industry towards net zero carbon emissions by 2050.To agree climate policy frameworks and advocacy engagement to gain support from governments and other stakeholders for a fair and equitable net zero transition.To share best practices

58、 on climate action so operators support each other and raise their ambitions.To create thought leadership and research on how mobile technologies support climate mitigation and adaptation.Through knowledge-sharing and industry collaboration,the Climate Action Taskforce also supports operators on:Imp

59、roving energy efficiency in networks and buildings.Advocating for increased access to,and use of,renewable electricity.Engaging with mobile industry suppliers on Scope 3 emissions and setting SBTs.Improving the environmental sustainability of mobile devices,network equipment and waste management pra

60、ctices.Using mobile connectivity to reduce carbon emissions through green digital solutions.The Climate Action Taskforce welcomes new mobile network operator members.Please contact the GSMA at if you would like to join.Section Title15 Understanding climate risks and opportunities Understanding clima

61、te risks and opportunities16 Since it was founded in 2000 as the Carbon Disclosure Project(CDP),the CDP has created a global reporting system for greenhouse gas emissions and the detailing of climate risks and opportunities.Companies are asked to disclose this information through the CDP by their cu

62、stomers and investors.As of October 2022,nearly 20,000 organisations disclose through the CDP a 38%increase since 2021.More than 18,700 companies representing half of the global market capitalisation and more than 1,100 cities,states and regions disclose data through the CDP on climate change,defore

63、station and water security.However,with mandatory disclosure regulation set to take effect within the next three years in many major economies,more than 29,500 companies worth at least US$24.5 trillion still fail to respond to the disclosure request1.In 2022,67 mobile network operators(accounting fo

64、r 66%of global mobile connections)disclosed their climate impact data to the CDP,compared to 60 mobile network operators disclosing in the previous year and 50 in 2020.The journey to leadership in environmental transparency2020506020212022Figure 3|Number of mobile network operators disclosing to the

65、 CDP Source:CDP1 67Understanding climate risks and opportunities17 Nine additional companies disclosing CDP data in 2022.Two companies were no longer represented in 2022 CDP disclosure due to merger and acquisition:Oi(mobile assets were acquired by TIM,VIVO,and Claro in Q2 2022)Shaw Communication di

66、sclosed to CDP in 2021 but not in 2022(also amidst a merger)More mobile operators are disclosing and those that already disclosed have provided more information about their climate impact and emissions,leading 2022 versus 2021to significantly higher scores.By scoring mobile operators,the CDP aims to

67、 incentivise and guide them on a journey through disclosure and towards becoming leaders in environmental transparency and action.There are four main scoring categories:1 Leadership(A/A-):implementing current best practices2 Management(B/B-):taking coordinated action on climate issues3 Awareness(C/C

68、-):knowledge of the impact on,and of,climate issues4 Disclosure(D/D-):transparent about climate issues 3.002.001.000.00Billions,connectionsC/C-231810B/B-A/A-Figure 5|Number of connections and operators by carbon disclosure score category in 2020,2021 and 2022 Source:CDP2020202120220.50.60

69、.431.32.70.0940.3D/D-1.42.02.02.818 Carbon disclosure scores:2022 versus prior yearsCompared to 2021,scores per operator improved significantly in 2022(see Figure 5).Between 2021 and 2022,the number of mobile network operators scoring A or A-has increased from 22 to 36,accounting for 2.7 billion and

70、 2.8 billion connections respectively(around 65%of global connections market share).Twelve operators have moved from B or B-to A or A-;one operator has moved from A to B,one operator has moved from C to A-and one operator disclosing for the first time has scored A-.Two operators have moved from C or

71、 C-to B or B-and from B or B-to C or C-.Two operators not scored in 2021 have scored B or B-in 2022.ESG(Environmental,Social and Governance)analysis and data have become increasingly important for investment decision-making.Investors are applying these non-financial factors as part of their analysis

72、 to identify material risks and growth opportunities.ESG metrics are not mandatory parts of financial reporting,though companies are increasingly making disclosure in their annual report or third parties databases such as the CDP2,TCFD and other reporting 2 CFA Financial Institute,www.cfainstitute.o

73、rg/en/research/esg-investing 3 5 ESG Investing:practices,progress and challenges,OECD,20206 In a 2017 ESG survey published by the CFA Institute,73%of investor respondents said they take ESG issues into account in their investment analysis and decisions.standards for environmental data.In an effort t

74、o harmonise broad ESG reporting across mobile operators,in 2022 the GSMA published the first voluntary ESG mobile industry reporting framework,which is now piloted by some operators3.The CDP convenes a growing number of financial institutions and large purchasing companies,supporting them in their r

75、equests for corporate environmental disclosure.In 2022,more than 680 financial institutions with more than US$130 trillion in assets requested nearly 10,400 companies to disclose environmental data through the CDP4.Long-term returnsThe top reason professional investors consider ESG-related informati

76、on such as CDP information is to determine whether a company is adequately managing risk and aligning its strategy for long-term returns5.The pursuit of greater transparency and enhanced risk management,combined with the expectations to generate long-term sustainable returns,have been consistently h

77、ighlighted as key motivating reasons for committing to ESG integration6.Section Title19 Carbon emissions of the industry Carbon emissions of the industry20 An increasing number of operators have set ambitious targets to achieve net zero carbon emissions,but what are the current emissions of operator

78、s?The most widespread approach to measure emissions from companies and their supply chains is to use Scopes to define greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Scope 1,2,and 3 categorise the type of carbon emissions operators create in their own operations and in the wider value chain:Scope 1 Direct emissions fr

79、om an operator,such as from running its fleet for network maintenance and using diesel to operate base stations in hard-to-reach areas.Scope 2 Indirect emissions from electricity use or energy bought for heating and cooling building,produces on a companys behalf.Scope 3 Emissions that are not associ

80、ated with the operator itself but which the organisation is indirectly responsible for,up and down its value chain.For example,emissions related to the buying of network equipment and those produced by its suppliers,as well as emissions from operator services when subscribers and enterprises make us

81、e of them.Scope 3 is often the largest in terms of emissions and the hardest to measure accurately.To measure all of the emissions associated with the operation of a company,Scope 3 emissions should be considered.Data gathering and processing are more complex and diverse than with Scope 1 or 2 emiss

82、ions.For Scope 3 emissions,a higher margin of error should be factored into estimates.This is not just because of the smaller sample of data,but also because of the methodological constraints and the lack of Scope 3 accounting harmonization,increasing the potential error margin.61 mobile network ope

83、rators reported Scope 3 emissions in 2022.For accurate,comparable Scope 3 measurement,work is required on standards,reporting,and coordination across supply chains.The GSMA is working with the Taskforce and external partners to develop Scope 3 measurement guidance,which will be published this year.M

84、easurement and methodologiesCarbon emissions of the industry21 Emissions in the context of data trafficDespite growing data traffic requirements and ongoing 5G transformation,a number of large operators including AT&T,Verizon,Vodafone and Orange reduced their Scope 1 and 2 carbon emissions per conne

85、ction in 2022.This is due to two main factors:5G is more energy-efficient at moving data compared to LTE(90%gain),with this gain increasing considerably relative to 2G/3G networks(10-15x).Investment in lower carbon energy to power networks,such as onsite and market-based renewable electricity.Data t

86、raffic continues to grow exponentially,with an average 5G customer using around 30GB per month a rise of 4-5x on LTE.However,while the rising traffic can increase pressure on energy consumption,the reality is more nuanced because 5G workloads are increasingly being shifted to the cloud,where operato

87、rs lease datacentre capacity from hyperscalers like Amazon and Microsoft(in effect,turning Scope 1 emissions to Scope 3).Source:CDP and GSMAiScope 1 and 2 emissions per connectionsVerizonAT&T-14%-34%-31%-13%VodafoneOrange20222021Figure 5|Operators Scope 1 and 2 emissions reductions per connection fr

88、om 2021 to 2022Energy efficiency of networks Energy efficiency of networks 23 Energy efficiency has become a core strategic priority across the telecom ecosystem.Major mobile network operators have recognised the importance of network solutions improvements,realising that more efficient equipment is

89、 a major purchasing criterion for cost savings and reputational reasons.There are financial reasons as well for operators when addressing energy efficiency.Energy still accounts for,on average,2040%of telco opex and 8090%of network spending excluding site rental costs.The shift to renewables and eff

90、iciency gains should help bring this down.The International Energy Agency(IEA)adopts the view that energy efficiency is the first fuel.Energy-efficiency improvements can alleviate the contradiction between energy consumption growth and green development.Benchmarking energy efficiencyIn 2021,GSMA Int

91、elligence released an energy efficiency benchmarking service for mobile networks.The unique analytical approach allows operators to measure the relative efficiency of their networks.The direct energy consumption of the operators can be categorised into four groups:RAN energy consumption energy consu

92、med by the radio access network(RAN).This includes BTS,Node B,eNodeB and gNodeB energy usage and all associated infrastructure energy usage such as from air-conditioning,inverters and rectifiers.It includes energy usage from repeaters and all energy consumption associated with backhaul transport.Cor

93、e energy consumption energy consumed by the core network related to the mobile network.This includes the RNC,BSCs,MSC,SGSN,GGSN,HLR,SMS-C,MMS-C,MME,Serving Gateway,and all associated infrastructure energy usage as from air-conditioning,inverters,and rectifiers.Data centre energy consumption energy c

94、onsumed by data centres,which are the physical sites that host operators IT,including OSS and BSS and intranet infrastructure.Other operations energy consumed by the mobile operator for its own operations.This includes offices,shops,retail activity and logistics7.The majority of energy(87%)is consum

95、ed in the RAN.The remaining distribution of consumption comprises data centres and the core(12%)and other operations(1%).The 2022 edition of the energy benchmark report provides some reason for optimism.The core efficiency metric improved from 0.24 kWh per GB of data to 0.17 across a sample of more

96、than 40 networks worldwide.This has,of course,happened despite a steeply rising traffic profile.Equipment upgrades featuring AI-driven RAN shutdowns,liquid cooling(sites and data centres),swapping out lead acid for lithium-ion batteries and smarter site selection to better position cells to users ha

97、ve all likely played a part.7 Global CO emissions rebounded to their highest level in history in 2021,IEA,March 2022Energy efficiency of networks24 Although 5G offers a significant energy efficiency improvement per gigabyte when compared to previous technologies,new 5G use cases and the adoption of

98、mmWave will require more sites and antennae.This leads to the prospect of a more efficient network that could paradoxically result in higher emissions in the absence of active intervention from operators.Significantly,5G is the first wireless technology where energy efficiency has been considered du

99、ring standardisation.Each cellular technology has become more energy-efficient since 2G as the transmission technology has improved.On top of this,a number of energy-saving measures are built into the 5G standards,such as sleep or shutdown functions in the transceiver and low-energy scheduler soluti

100、ons.These energy-saving measures built into the 5G new radio(NR)standard may be offset by rising data traffic,paradoxically resulting in higher levels of energy consumption and emissions.However,to address and counter this,energy strategies of operators take a holistic approach which includes retiri

101、ng legacy networks,increasing renewable consumption and buying power-efficient equipment.Enabling further energy efficiency with 5GTigo is fully committed to reaching its science-based target for carbon emission reductions in all of its operations.To accomplish this objective,Tigo must consolidate a

102、ll carbon reduction initiatives,prioritise and execute them in all operations.To do this,Tigo has built a team of experts called the Green Team who came from different parts of the organisation and countries of operation.Case Study:Millicom|Tigo Energy efficiency of networks25 Legacy site decommissi

103、oningTurn off legacy channels Old capacityHardware modernisationPower-saving featuresSlowFastThe team categorised all of the initiatives in five different streams:RAN efficiency;renewables;cooling system optimisation;off grid fuel optimisation;and sites power off and outdoor migration.First,the comp

104、any focused on the RAN efficiency stream and then prioritised the other initiatives by two main characteristics:the CO2 reduction opportunity and how fast the initiative can be deployed.More CO2 reductionLess CO2 reductionSection Title26 Power-saving featuresActivating power-saving features is the f

105、astest way to obtain CO2 reductions while also being cost-efficient because physical changes to the network are not required.This works through software updates by following traffic behaviour and turning off capacity layers(for example,at night when users are sleeping).This results in 1%to 10%less s

106、ite energy consumption.Turn off legacy channelsThanks to the high penetration of LTE devices today and an aggressive LTE overlay on the network,Tigo can turn off 2G/3G channels following legacy traffic reduction.This is the first step to a sunsetting legacy networks.This results in 10%to 30%less in

107、site energy consumption.Case Study:Millicom|TigoEnergy efficiency of networks26 Legacy site decommissioning (sunset legacy network)The legacy site decommissioning initiative represents the highest impact on carbon emission reductions and has significant opex benefits due to rent,energy and maintenan

108、ce savings.The first site category to be decommissioned was the legacy capacity sites and,after the LTE overlay,it was the legacy coverage sites(for example,in Colombia in November 2022).Hardware modernisationTigo believes that“evolution comes with efficiency”.The new hardware thinking in the adopti

109、on of 4G and 5G is the best decision to support business continuity and be prepared for new revenue streams.This can result in up to 40%less energy consumption.Section Title27 Transitioning to renewable electricity 227 TWhTransitioning to renewable electricity28 For operators that report to the CDP,

110、purchased renewable electricity used as a share of their total energy consumption increased from 18%in 2021 to around 24%in 2022.This is a positive move,although it underpins the reality that the vast majority of electricity(around 75%)in the telecoms sector is still derived from grid access or dies

111、el.Purchased renewable electricityTotal electricity consumption14%24%18%202020212022Figure 6|Purchased renewable electricity usage in telecomsSource:CDP182 TWh194 TWhRenewables are the other side of the coin to energy efficiency in helping telcos lower overall energy emissions,with the shift to rene

112、wables fundamental in any transition to net zero.The weak run rate in the renewable share of overall consumption is concerning,at only 4-6ppts a year.Extrapolating forwards,this would imply it will take another five years for renewables to reach 50%consumption and 15 years(nearly 2040)to 100%.Transi

113、tioning to renewable electricity29 To a certain extent,this is academic because the rate of change will depend as much on political,rather than industrial,commitments to reforming national energy markets in favour of renewables.Even here,a small number of highly populous countries distort the overal

114、l average,meaning a significant policy change could have an outsized effect on how fast the overall telecoms industry moves.Telecoms operators vary in their progress,which correlates with renewable energy supply on the grid.European and American groups are most advanced.For example,Vodafone,Telefnic

115、a and BT have targets of 100%renewable energy consumption by 2030 or earlier(sometimes much earlier).There is,however,considerable regional variation on the downside,particularly in Africa,India and Asia,where even mains grid Figure 7|Distribution of renewable electricity accessed by mobile network

116、operators globallyMarket-based average renewable electricity directly purchased by operators85%BRAZIL92%UK100%GERMANYMarket-based average renewable electricity directly purchased by operatorsLATAMNORTH AMERICAMENAGREATER CHINAEUROPE43%25%60%33%4%3%71%36%CIS15%19%7%29%APAC5%25%SSA7%22%Location-based

117、average renewable electricity on the gridaccess is patchy and diesel remains in use in rural off-grid areas.Political resistance to renewables is also present in some countries,with economies still dependent on hydrocarbon/oil exports.Power Purchase Agreements(PPAs)are one way of mitigating grid con

118、straints.However,data on the total investment value of PPAs for operators is not plentiful.Data from the IEA indicates PPAs reached nearly US$20 billion by 2019.Carrying forward the 40%growth rate,the figure as of 2021 would be US$36 billion per year,or around 10%of global investment in renewable en

119、ergy projects.Telia and Telenors recent joint PPA deal in the Nordics,T-Mobile US and Enel Green(Oklahoma),BT and Total(UK)and DoCoMo(Japan)are all examples of telco-led investment in renewable power providers on a local or national level to secure long-term access.Source:CDP and Our World in DataMo

120、re than 90%of Verizons operational carbon footprint comes from the electricity used to power its networks.To tackle Scope 2 emissions,Verizon is focussing on two key drivers:maximising the energy efficiency of networks and facilities and transitioning to renewable energy.Since 2019,Verizon has signe

121、d 24 REPAs for more than 3.0 GW of projected renewable energy capacity,which is roughly equivalent to 8.4 million megawatt hours(MWh)of annual electricity production.Mobile network operations are located across the country and require a constant supply of electricity to operate.As it is not feasible

122、 to power the network operations solely on solar or wind generation,Verizon is dependent on sourcing power from the national electrical grids.To achieve Verizons interim renewable energy and long-term operational net zero goal,resources are being focussed on accelerating the transition to greener el

123、ectrical grids across the USA.Additional renewable energy capacity is being added to the grids by entering into long-term power purchase agreements for solar and wind power sources which are currently under development.The agreements,called virtual power purchase agreements(VPPAs),are financially se

124、ttled and can help reduce Verizons long-term exposure to energy price volatility.In January 2023,Verizon announced that it had further increased its renewable capacity by signing four new long-term renewable energy purchase agreements(REPAs)for an aggregate of up to 410 MW of renewable energy capaci

125、ty.With these new agreements,Verizon has surpassed 3.0 GW of total projected renewable energy capacity as it continues to be a leading buyer of US renewable energy.These agreements also position the company to meet its goal to source or generate renewable energy equivalent to 50 per cent of its tota

126、l annual electricity consumption by 2025.Case Study:VerizonEnergy efficiency of networks30 Section Title31 Mobile industry and the supply chain Mobile industry and the supply chain 32 Circular economy and mobile devicesFor the mobile industry,one of its biggest environmental impacts is from mobile d

127、evices which rely on the supply of finite resources.However,existential challenges such as climate change,waste,pollution,resource scarcity and biodiversity loss can be mitigated by moving to a more circular economy.In November 2022,the GSMA published a new strategy to move the telecoms industry tow

128、ards greater circularity8.This vision embraces a future where devices have as long a lifetime as possible,where they are made with 100%recyclable and recycled content using 100%renewable energy and where no device ends up as waste.Source:GSMAFigure 8|The circular model displaying the circular transi

129、tion for devices.8 a foundation for circular economy devices by setting a baseline for flows of materials and devicesCollaboratewith your suppliersEngage your consumersPartner with repairers and recyclersMaximise longevityZero wasteDevices with as long a lifetime as possible made with 100%recyclable

130、 and recycled content,100%renewable energy and where no device ends up as wasteOVERARCHING CONCEPTS FOR DEVICE CIRCULARITYTHE INDUSTRY VISION FOR 2050SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION ACROSS VALUE CHAINTHE INTERNAL FOUNDATION Engage with suppliers.This involves working with device suppliers to build reusability

131、 and repairability of components into the design of different device categories.Partner with repairers.Extending partnerships with the device repair and refurbishment industry to increase the share of devices that can be repurposed rather than confined to e-waste.By moving to a more circular busines

132、s model,negative environmental and social impacts of the industry can be reduced.It can also create new market and employment opportunities and will support a just transition with supportive government policies and incentives.Mobile industry and the supply chain 33 The opportunity space is wide give

133、n that efforts to increase circularity are still broadly nascent.This includes four priority areas:Understand product flows.Increase the number of mobile devices collected from consumers(e.g.smartphones,tablets,smart home devices etc)and create the foundation to measure the share of recycled,repaire

134、d,reused and reclaimed devices.Increase consumer awareness.Improve understanding of consumption habits in terms of end-of-life treatment and incentives to increase the longevity of devices.The two primary principles supporting this vision are increasing the longevity of devices and zero waste.Key be

135、nefits include:1 Extending the lifetime of all smartphones in the world by just one year has the potential to save up to 21.4 million tonnes of CO emissions annually by 2030,equal to taking more than 4.7 million cars off the road.2 A reduction in the 30 million adults and children currently experien

136、cing adverse health impacts from informal e-waste recycling.3 A refurbished mobile devices market predicted to be worth more than US$140 billion by 2030,compared to US$50 billion in 2020.Manufacturer progressApple have committed to create products with zero carbon impact by 2030,which includes using

137、 100%renewable electricity for their entire product supply chain.Samsung has committed to a carbon-neutral target for its core devices division by 2030(which includes smartphones,tablets and PCs)and the broader device solutions business by 2050.Samsung is also a recent entrant to the network equipme

138、nt value chain.Lenovo,the Chinese PC and electronics maker,announced in January 2023 that its net zero targets had been validated by SBTi.Combined with existing commitments from Nokia,Ericsson and other global-scale suppliers to the telecoms industry,this should help quantify and accelerate the redu

139、ction of Scope 3 emissions for mobile operators.Impact of virtualisationThe impact of the move to a virtual network paradigm on energy consumption is complex because it depends on the energy efficiency and power source of data centres(often leased from cloud majors rather than owned by telcos)and th

140、e changing use of enterprise verticals.The reduction in truck rolls associated with network repair and upgrades which is reduced in a software-defined environment has a carbon benefit.On open RAN,it is not possible to say whether it will be more energy-efficient than traditional RAN solutions,but in

141、itial lab tests highlight gains.Virtualisation offers better energy efficiency through capacity aggregation,cloudification and the use of refurbished equipment,and can also be upgraded,set up and authenticated remotely,saving on truck roll and associated staff.Edge computing is a third facet to the

142、virtualisation topic.This is a key part of the industrial digitisation wave and for operators selling 5G into industries such as manufacturing and transport.As productivity gains rise,so does energy use decline consequently lowering emissions.MTNs Circular Economy programme,named Project Infinity,is

143、 one of the key drivers of their Ambition 2025 strategy for achieving net zero by the 2040 target.MTN has,since 2018,run a proof of concept and is currently operationalising the programme.It aims to move away from the traditional linear economy model of take-make-use-waste.Project Infinity promotes

144、collaboration with partners to close the loop,extend the lifecycle and maximise the use of network equipment through responsible production,consumption and disposal,thus saving valuable and precious resources.The programme consists of a digital platform to provide the necessary visibility and intell

145、igence to match supply and demand,and a service partner to facilitate responsible reuse,recycling and movement of equipment across borders.Through cooperation with the relevant industry organisations,key suppliers and partner operators,MTN is advocating for broader support and inclusion of circulari

146、ty within our industry.Case Study:Case Study:MTNTele2 Mobile industry and the supply chain35 As a result of Tele2s ambitious efforts to reduce emissions by 90%in their own operations in two years,the majority of Tele2s emissions lie within its value chain today.Transitioning to a more circular econo

147、my has the potential to decrease the environmental impact of Tele2s value chain and is one of four key focus areas of Tele2s sustainability strategy.In the autumn of 2021,Tele2 mapped out the most important material flows of its operations and identified key questions for moving forward in the circu

148、lar transition.The material flow analysis included both network infrastructure,offices and stores as well as customer products in B2B and B2C offers.Material inputs of around 3,000 tonnes were identified.Excluding the network equipment,the largest material flows in terms of weight concerned plastics

149、 and metals such as aluminium and copper.The analysis showed that around 8-15%of all procured mobile devices are either reused or recycled.To close the loop for mobile devices,the number of reclaimed devices must increase.The insights from the material mapping will be used to further develop Tele2s

150、understanding and implementation of circular economy for devices.Section Title36 Digitisation and enablement Digitisation and enablement 37 Digitisation and the core of green and digital transformationDigitisation is a key enabler of the decarbonisation transition.Network operators,equipment vendors

151、 and supporting ecosystem partners play a vital role in the move to greener economies.At the EU level,discussions on the links between digitalisation and the environment have gained momentum in recent years,with the launch last year of the European Green Digital Coalition.Many of the major European

152、network operators were founding members of this initiative by promoting and signing the Declaration,which involves a commitment to reach net zero by 2040 a decade earlier than the global ICT sector pathway.Mobile operators that have signed the declaration include A1,Telekom Austria Group,BT Group,De

153、utsche Telekom,KPN,Liberty Global,Nos,Orange,Proximus,TDC,Telefonica,Telenor Group,Telia Company,TIM and Vodafone.By signing the declaration,companies commit to act in the following areas:Invest in the development and deployment of greener digital technologies and services that are more energy-and m

154、aterial-efficient.Develop methods and tools to measure the net impact of green digital technologies on the environment and climate.Co-create a set of recommendations and guidelines for green digital transformation.Members promoting this initiative recognise the need for science-based methods to esti

155、mate the reduction and avoidance of GHG emissions by specific ICT solutions across sectors.Enablement effectFor any country or company to get to net zero by 2050,reductions of 50%will be required in each successive decade leading up to that point.The next 10 years to 2030 are crucial.With global CO

156、emissions now at approximately 53 gigatonnes(GT),the required cut this decade is around 26GT.Put in context,that is 26 billion tonnes of carbon or three tonnes of CO taken out of circulation for every person on Earth over the next 10 years.To this end,beyond the investments telco operators make to i

157、mprove the energy efficiency of their own mobile and fixed networks,a larger proportionate impact is available through the digitisation of other industries.The mechanism for this is what is referred to as the enablement effect,in which mobile connectivity,IoT,AI and other digital technologies are us

158、ed by enterprise verticals to help lower their own energy use and emissions to a level multiples that of the telecoms sectors own footprint.GSMAi modelling suggests that mobile and digital technology,deployed at scale,could amount to just under 40%of the required CO reductions over the next 10 years

159、 within the top four emitting industries that account for 80%of global emissions manufacturing,power and energy,transport,and buildings.Investment costs,integration complexities and a lack of RoI proof points are the main headwinds.As digitisation continues to grow across the economy,the energy redu

160、ction aspect of advanced technology will increasingly become a unique selling point for telcos,equipment vendors and tech companies.26 BILLION40%80%10 YEARSGT CO or three tonnes per persontaken out of circulation for every person on Earth over the nextOver the next 10 years,of global emissionsof req

161、uired CO2 emissions within manufacturing,power and energy,transport and construction-the industries which account formobile and digital technology could help cut nearlyDigitisation and enablement 38 There must be a cut ofTelia and Ekobot have teamed up to combat climate change by providing a solutio

162、n for sustainable agriculture.Feeding a growing global population while contributing to healthy diets and balancing our ecosystems are some of the biggest challenges to solving the climate crisis.A robot system based on AI(Artificial Intelligence)and IoT(Internet of Things)technologies that uses dat

163、a to provide a business intelligent system to farmers,Ekobot enables efficient and environmentally conscious precision farming.It is an autonomous,electric field robot for mechanical weed control which is connected to Telias 5G network.Ekobot can identify and mechanically remove weeds using advanced

164、 camera sensors and AI.It allows for reduced use of chemicals on the field for healthier crops,soil and produce,and also improves harvest efficiency.Powerful sensors mounted on the robot,such as multispectral cameras and soil probes,generate data which is analysed in the cloud,sent back to the robot

165、 and made available to farmers via an app.The robot can run around the clock and can be steered remotely,which requires real-time data feeds.This is possible with a robust and secure connectivity solution,and 5Gs low latency and high bandwidth meet these needs at scale.Ekobots camera technology allo

166、ws for both precision weeding and crop monitoring.In the app,farmers can detect varying conditions in their crops and take measures only in areas that require additional care instead of treating the whole field.This way,they can use resources more efficiently and reduce the impact on the environment

167、.Ekobot also automates manual work in agriculture,which is often expensive and in some regions of Europe can even be scarce.Case Study:Telia and Ekobot Digitisation and enablement 39 Section Title40 Adaptation and resilience Adaptation and resilience41 Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclos

168、ures The Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures(TCFD)was created in 2015 by the Financial Stability Board to develop consistent climate-related financial risk disclosures for use by companies,banks and investors in providing information to stakeholders.The goal is to achieve a greater u

169、nderstanding of climate risks and facilitate financing of the transition to a more stable and sustainable economy.Network operators are especially exposed to climate-related financial risks because their valuable assets(base stations)are scattered everywhere,including areas at greater risk.Many oper

170、ators have already undertaken short-or long-term TCFD-aligned climate change risk and opportunity analysis.Based on the data provided by the operators to the CDP,60%of network operators by revenue and 58%by connections have started or are planning their TCFD-aligned climate change risk and opportuni

171、ty analysis.Short-term climate risk-related analysis covers the impacts already experienced and the expected impacts over the next few years.Long-term risk assessment scenarios are modelled according to a 20-or 30-year timespan or to 2050 to align with the Paris Agreement.Examples of operators who h

172、ave carried out comprehensive climate-related financial analysis and scenario planning include A1,Globe Telecom,Orange,Safaricom,Taiwan Mobile,Telenor,Verizon and Vodafone.As climate change results in rising sea levels and more extreme weather events,mobile operators networks could be damaged with g

173、reater frequency,resulting in more service interruption for customers and greater financial risks for operators.Operators are therefore under increasing pressure to make their networks as robust as possible so they can withstand extreme weather and be restored quickly.At the same time,mobile technol

174、ogy and innovation enabled through,for example,AI and big data9 is uniquely positioned to provide and enable tools for climate change mitigation,adaptation,weather disaster response,pollution and environmental monitoring10.60%58%TCFD-aligned climate change risk and opportunity analysis of the networ

175、k operators by revenue and by connections have started or are planning their 9 10 Title42 GSMA Mobile for Development Innovation Fund Digital technology can help create a more resilient and sustainable future for communities that are vulnerable to climate shocks and stressors.Mobile services,digital

176、 payment services,data assets and frontier technologies such as Internet of Things(IoT),artificial intelligence(AI)and blockchain present a range of possibilities for digital and mobile-enabled solutions in the climate context.In November 2022 at COP27,the GSMA Innovation Fund11 for Climate Resilien

177、ce and Adaptation announced the second cohort of successful applicants that have secured innovation funding from the UK Foreign,Commonwealth and Development Office(FCDO)and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency(SIDA).The objective of the Innovation Fund is to support the launch an

178、d accelerate the scaling of mobile and digital innovations that could enable some of the worlds most vulnerable communities to build their resilience to climate change.The funding supports start-ups,small and medium enterprises(SMEs)and social enterprises working on climate action.11 the vast majori

179、ty of farmers in Pakistan already possess functional identities(e.g.National ID cards),they rarely translate into economic identities given the low financial inclusion and high incidence of cash payments,especially in the agriculture sector.This leads to challenges for buyers as well as financial se

180、rvice providers.Jazz aims to address this issue by establishing,enriching and then actioning profiles to enable access to financial products.Jazz gives farmers the option to receive digital payments via their proprietary JazzCash mobile money wallet and outsources their advisory service to agritech

181、BaKhabar Kissan(BKK).Jazz has also partnered with agritech Ricult and agribusiness Reap Agro to digitise farmer profiling,procurement records and digital payments.Loans are provided in partnership with fintechs CreditPer and Finja(for Reap Agro farmers),while Ricult began a pilot with Habib Bank in

182、Q4 2022.Ricult follows a B2B model,providing procurement software as a service to crop buyers that want to digitise their procurement transactions with farmers.Reap Agro,on the other hand,buys directly from farmers under a contract farming model using a proprietary digital procurement solution.Jazz

183、initially partnered with Ricult and Reap Agro/BKK on digital procurement,but the company has defined functional specifications to develop their own software with support from the GSMA Innovation Fund.This digital profile and procurement service integrates JazzCash payments and was launched in Novemb

184、er 2022.Case Study:Jazz Pakistan Adaptation and resilience43 Section Title44 RecommendationsOperators Disclosure through the CDP and aligning with TCFD Setting science-based and net zero targets Switch to renewable energy Develop circular economy initiatives for network equipment and connected devic

185、es Engage with suppliers on climate action and integrate climate requirements into procurement Suppliers Disclosure through the CDP and aligning with TCFD Setting science-based and net zero targets Switch to renewable energy Develop circular economy initiatives for network equipment and connected de

186、vices Engage with operators on climate action Governments and policymakers Support the private sector in their decarbonisation efforts,ensuring policy and regulatory frameworks are conducive of private sector investment Align policies and targets with decarbonisation pathways that support limiting g

187、lobal heating to 1.5C Support retirement of 2G/3G legacy networks where possible Accelerate access to renewable and actively engage in dialogue with private sector where there is a lack of access Recognise the enablement effect of the digital transformation and foster investment in smart digital tec

188、hnologies45 Moving the whole mobile industry to net zero emissions by 2050 will require concerted effort and action by all key industry stakeholders.Over the past year,the GSMA has worked with operators to support this journey with the immediate focus being on the rapid cuts needed by 2030.The follo

189、wing gives an overview of the actions needed by stakeholders if the industry is to be successful in its net zero ambition:Regional DataRegional Data47 Asia Pacific Climate Action Progress+6%Change in electricity use from 2021 to 2022 Share of purchased renewable electricity as percentage of total:4%

190、2021-1%+5%Change in emissions 2021 to 2022 Scope 1 and 2 metric tonnes of CO emissions per million connections:13.214.0+6%2021Scope 12022Scope 221101811disclose to CDPscored A on CDPset science-based targetscommitted to net zero7%2022Operators in Asia Pacific(APAC)continue to make good progress on c

191、limate disclosure,scoring and target setting.Scope 1 emissions remain flat compared with the previous year,while electricity use and Scope 1 and 2 emissions per mobile connection have increased from last year by 6%.There has been an increase in renewable electricity use,up to 7%from 4%,but the rate

192、of growth is still too low for operators to meet their 2030 science-based targets.Regional Data48 Axiata has set an ambitious target to hit net zero by 2050.To reach the decarbonisation of Scope 1 and 2 reductions of 45%required by 2030,access to renewable electricity(RE)through national grids is es

193、sential to achieve these commitments.However,the current capacity of renewables in Axiatas markets does not currently meet this demand.To solve this challenge,supporting regulatory and policy environments that enable access to stable renewable electricity marketplaces are needed to help the companys

194、 transition to net zero.Mobile operators,together with other businesses with similar science-based targets towards 2030,can act as frontrunners to lower risk and attract investment into renewables by committing to long-term,large-scale offtake agreements.Axiata,along with the other Malaysian operato

195、rs and with the support of GSMA,held a roundtable to engage the relevant government agencies on the challenge of accessing renewables in Malaysia.The session discussed the opportunity for the mobile sector to play a leading role in supporting Malaysia to reach net zero by 2050.This closed-door round

196、table brought together mobile operators(MNOs),tower infrastructure(ToweCo),relevant government departments and the electricity utility provider in Malaysia to discuss the countrys changing policy and renewable energy landscape.The key focus was to enable knowledge sharing to identify opportunities f

197、or joint industry collaboration to address challenges to accessing renewables and how to support Malaysias climate goals.As policymakers consider the mobile industry as a strategic partner in the decarbonisation of the global economy,increased public-private dialogue will help to expedite the availa

198、bility and access to renewable sources of energy in regions where it is not possible today or still limited.Such partnerships can support governments to meet their carbon reduction targets while also enabling the mobile industrys net zero ambition.APAC Case Study AxiataRegional Data49 Operators in S

199、ub-Saharan Africa(SSA)are disclosing to the CDP and have set science-based and net zero targets.The significant increase in electricity use is due to operators reporting higher electricity in 2022 despite power outages and supply problems from the grid.There has been a corresponding rise in Scope 1

200、emissions from the subsequent reliance on diesel generators to provide power.Directly purchased renewable electricity remains at low levels compared with last year,with access posing a continuing challenge due to electricity market structures.+21%Change in electricity use from 2021 to 2022 Share of

201、purchased renewable electricity as percentage of total:+44%+38%Change in emissions 2021 to 2022 Scope 1 and 2 metric tonnes of CO emissions per million connections:6.08.0+33%2021Scope 12022Scope 2disclose to CDPset science-based targetscommitted to net zero1%2022876Sub-Saharan Africa Climate Action

202、Progress 20211%2scored A on CDPRegional Data50 Electronic waste or e-waste is a growing problem around the world and Kenya is no exception.It is estimated that Kenya generates an average of 3,000 tons of e-waste each year from computers,monitors,printers,mobile phones,fridges,batteries and other dev

203、ices.E-waste is hazardous because the components used to make devices such as laptops,cell phones and televisions contain metals and chemicals known to harm human health.To handle the issue of e-waste,Safaricom has an active partnership with WEEE Centre,a NEMA(National Environment Management Authori

204、ty in Kenya)licenced e-waste handler.E-waste is collected across Kenya and brought to the recycling centre,where it is weighed,registered and sorted for reuse,refurbishment or for dismantling for recycling.Some fractions are recycled locally and others are shipped abroad.Each month,the centre in Nai

205、robi processes up to 10 tonnes of e-waste and,to date,Safaricom have been able to collect more than 1,700 tons of e-waste to return to the circular economy through the support of WEEE Centre.In addition,Safaricom has,since 2018,partnered with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry,the East Africa

206、Communications Organisation(EACO)and other stakeholders to commemorate International E-Waste Day with the aim of creating awareness on the importance of safe disposal,handling and recycling of e-waste.In 2022,Safaricom entered into partnership with Badili,an electronic company,to pilot device trade-

207、ins where they take in damaged or broken phones from customers and refurbish them for resale.Safaricom have also partnered with Carlcare to address e-waste menace from phones.To date,they have managed to acquire 300 phones from customers which Carlcare has dismantled to obtain spare parts.SSA Case S

208、tudy SafaricomRegional Data51 Operators in the Middle East and North Africa(MENA)have seen a slight decrease in electricity from 2021 to 2022,down 2%,but there has also been a significant increase in the share of renewable electricity up from 3%to 23%,driven largely by purchases in Turkey.This has l

209、ed to a drop of 25%in both Scope 2 emissions overall and in Scope 1 and 2 emissions per connection.-2%Change in electricity use from 2021 to 2022 Share of purchased renewable electricity as percentage of total:3%2021+9%-25%Change in emissions 2021 to 2022 Scope 1 and 2 metric tonnes of CO emissions

210、per million connections:13.3 10.0-25%2021Scope 12022Scope 2764disclose to CDPset science-based targetscommitted to net zero23%2022Middle East and North Africa Climate Action Progress 3scored A on CDPRegional Data52 Orange has set the ambitious target of being net zero in carbon emissions by 2040,whi

211、ch is 10 years ahead of the mobile sector commitment.This goal of reducing direct and indirect CO emissions will require considerable effort and it will be addressed by increasing energy efficiency and the proportion of renewable energy,applying circular economy techniques and carbon capture.To date

212、,Orange has deployed 4,750 solar sites in Africa and Middle East which supply their mobile telephone systems.Orange is also developing the use of solar energy through partnerships with electricity companies(ESCO projects),with eight countries benefitting:Democratic Republic of Congo,Guinea,Cte dIvoi

213、re,Burkina Faso,Sierra Leone,Central African Republic,Liberia and Cameroon.At COP27 in Egypt,Orange Egypt and the New and Renewable Energy Authority of the Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy signed a new cooperation protocol.Under the agreement,Orange Egypt will receive clean electricity g

214、enerated by the Authority from wind and solar energy,allowing it to avoid the use of fossil fuels and electricity generated from unsustainable sources.Orange Egypt has succeeded in operating a large number of towers and stations using 100%solar energy over the last two years.It has also converted hu

215、ndreds of sites to work with hybrid energy by installing modern generators that reduce the use of diesel while also working on charging high-efficiency lithium batteries.This means that the number of conventional generators has decreased by more than 55%.Orange is also committed to optimising the li

216、fespan of electrical and electronic equipment.The company aims to collect the equivalent in the volume of WEEE of 20%of all mobile phones sold in Africa and the Middle East as part of our Engage 2025 strategic plan.Since 2010,Orange has partnered with Emmas International and Ateliers du Bocage,a com

217、munity project boosting local employment opportunities,to open workshops for collecting mobile waste.In the absence of an official recycling system,the waste collected is sent back to France in bulk in accordance with European environmental standards.This programme is operational in five countries(B

218、urkina Faso,Benin,Niger,Cameroon and Cte dIvoire),and an equivalent of two million mobile phones have been collected and many local jobs have been created.MENA Case Study OrangeRegional Data53 In Greater China,electricity use,Scope 2 emissions and Scope 1 and 2 emissions per connection have all incr

219、eased significantly since the previous year because China Mobile included the energy consumption of the rented equipment from China Tower for the first time.Despite the big jump in electricity use,the share of renewable electricity purchases has remained constant at 4%.+58%Change in electricity use

220、from 2021 to 2022 Share of purchased renewable electricity as percentage of total:+8%+53%Change in emissions 2021 to 2022 Scope 1 and 2 metric tonnes of CO emissions per million connections:23.7 36.3+53%2021Scope 12022Scope 2642disclose to CDPset science-based targetscommitted to net zeroGreater Chi

221、na Climate Action Progress 4%202220214%3scored A on CDPRegional Data54 In Europe,Scope 1 and 2 emissions have increased,mainly due to an increase in the number of operators reporting.Like-for-like comparison with last year shows less than a 1%decrease in electricity use and a 6%decrease in Scope 2 e

222、missions.Renewable electricity use has increased significantly since the previous year and Scope 1 and 2 emissions per connection have dropped by 20%,showing operators progressing towards their science-based targets.+6%Change in electricity use from 2021 to 2022 Share of purchased renewable electric

223、ity as percentage of total:59%2021+14%+1%Change in emissions 2021 to 2022 Scope 1 and 2 metric tonnes of CO emissions per million connections:16.913.6-20%2021Scope 12022Scope 2232419disclose to CDPset science-based targetscommitted to net zero83%2022Europe Climate Action Progress 12scored A on CDPRe

224、gional Data55 BT Group has been a leader in climate and sustainability action for 30 years,setting its first carbon reduction target in 1992 and one of the worlds first science-based targets in 2008.In 2022,BT Group pledged to be net zero in carbon emissions for its own operations by the end of Marc

225、h 2031 and for its supply chain and customer emissions by the end of March 2041.In November 2020,BT Group hit a huge milestone by completing the switch to 100%renewable electricity worldwide1.The company is also reducing electricity consumption by decarbonising buildings and networks and,in 2022,cut

226、 its global energy consumption by a further 9GWh.Nearly two-thirds of BT Groups operational emissions come from its commercial fleet.BT Group has added more than 2,000 electric vehicles to the commercial fleet,has increased the number of charging points at its sites and worked with electricity provi

227、ders to install off-street chargers at engineers homes.To date,the electric fleet has travelled around 3.5m miles and avoided 1,500 tonnes of CO2e.In 2020,BT Group and Openreach joined forces with the Climate Group to set up the UK Electric Fleets Coalition.This organisation now has 28 members to ad

228、vocate for policy measures to support the transition to electric vehicles.As with many companies in the telecoms industry,only a small percentage of BT Groups end-to-end carbon emissions come from its own operations and this is why working with suppliers to reduce their own carbon emissions is key t

229、o reaching net zero.A climate clause has been introduced with some key suppliers which commits them to making measurable carbon savings during the life of their contract.In addition,BT Group tracks compliance through supplier assessments and encourages suppliers disclose to the CDP to enhance transp

230、arency and accountability.In February 2023,the company launched a new supplier engagement campaign to encourage setting of net zero science-based targets.1 99.9%of the global electricity BT sources is renewable.The remaining 0.1%represents where markets dont allow due to non-availability of renewabl

231、e electricity.Europe Case Study BT GroupRegional Data56 Operator electricity use was largely flat in North America,with a significant increase in renewable electricity purchase(from 11%to 36%).This has been accompanied by a 5%reduction in both Scope 1 and 2 emissions.Scope 1 and 2 emissions per conn

232、ection has declined even further by 9%.This data indicates that progress is being made towards operator carbon targets.+1%Change in electricity use from 2021 to 2022 Share of purchased renewable electricity as percentage of total:11%2021-5%-5%Change in emissions 2021 to 2022 Scope 1 and 2 metric ton

233、nes of CO emissions per million connections:48.6 44.2-9%2021Scope 12022Scope 2885disclose to CDPset science-based targetscommitted to net zero36%2022North America Climate Action Progress 5scored A on CDPRegional Data57 T-Mobile has made great progress in reducing its environmental footprint and is n

234、ow taking even bigger steps to reduce carbon emissions,with a commitment to meeting the Science Based Targets Initiatives(SBTi)Net-Zero Standard.T-Mobile has become the first company in US wireless to set a net zero goal for all three emissions scopes that has been validated by the SBTi using their

235、net zero standard,which is the worlds first framework for company targets that aligns with the latest climate science.This goal covers emission Scopes 1 and 2,inclusive of direct emissions from T-Mobiles operations and facilities,as well as indirect emissions from purchased electricity.The net zero

236、standard also covers all remaining indirect Scope 3 emissions(the companys entire footprint),including those produced by suppliers,customer device usage,materials and fuel required to ship products and employee travel,which represents roughly two-thirds of the companys carbon footprint.To bolster th

237、is new goal,T-Mobile also signed onto The Climate Pledge,a cross-sector community of companies and organisations working together to solve the challenges of cutting global carbon emissions for a sustainable future.T-Mobile has a long track record of dedication to building a more sustainable future.I

238、t was previously the first in US wireless to achieve an ambitious 100%renewable electricity goal,as well as previous science-based carbon reduction goals.It earned an A-for the 2022 CDP Climate Change disclosure and was recognised in the top 20 of JUST Capitals 2023 Rankings of Americas Most Just Co

239、mpanies,including a number one ranking in the telecom industry for environmental impact.North America Case Study T-MobileRegional Data58 In Latin America,there has been an increase in electricity use from 2021 to 2022,and this has had a subsequent effect on Scope 2 emissions.Purchased renewable elec

240、tricity use has dropped because one operator merged with another.Scope 1 emissions have remained broadly flat,and Scope 1 and 2 emissions per connection have seen a slight increase.-2%Change in electricity use from 2021 to 2022 Share of purchased renewable electricity as percentage of total:44%2021-

241、6%+17%Change in emissions 2021 to 2022 Scope 1 and 2 metric tonnes of CO emissions per million connections:6.6 6.9+5%2021Scope 12022Scope 2743disclose to CDPset science-based targetscommitted to net zero34%2022Latin America Climate Action Progress 1scored A on CDPRegional Data59 Companies need to in

242、crease efforts to reduce their carbon footprint and digitisation is an enabler of the green transition.The solutionIn August 2022,Telefnica was the first telco in the world to obtain validation from the Science Based Targets Initiative(SBTi).To ensure compliance with emission reduction targets,Telef

243、nica has integrated the net zero standard into its governance model through its Climate Action Plan with its operational,value chain,commercial,financial and governance roadmap.All employees,including the Executive Committee,are involved and part of their variable remuneration is linked to this targ

244、et.To support the net zero transition,Telefnica have introduced the following programmes:network transformation;energy efficiency projects;the Renewable Energy Plan;internal carbon pricing and the emission neutralisation plan.Telefnica is committed to achieving net zero greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions

245、across the value chain by 2040,which means an effective reduction of at least 90%of all its emissions(direct and indirect)and neutralising the remaining emissions(less than 10%)through high-quality carbon credits.As an intermediate target,Telefnica will reduce absolute GHG emissions in Scope 1 and 2

246、 by 80%and 56%in Scope 3(value chain)by 2030.The impactThe company has decreased all its emissions by more than 50%(80%for Scope 1 and 2 since 2015 and 30%for Scope 3).In Europe,Brazil,Chile and Peru,100%of the electricity Telefnica consumes for its own operations comes from renewable sources(82%at

247、global level).The company is contributing to increasing the renewable energy mix in the countries through self-generation or by facilitating the construction of new parks.LATAM Case Study TelefnicaGSMA Head Office1 Angel Lane,London,EC4R 3AB,United KingdomTel:+44(0)20 7356 0600Fax:+44(0)20 7356 0601