1、nGBASE-AU:A New Multi-Gigabit Glass Optical Fiber Automotive Ethernet Standard.PoC for Camera ISeptember 2023IndexIEEE Std 802.3cz:New optical nGBASE-AU physical layerCamera PoC of 10GBASE-AU PHY and connectivity solutionQ&AIEEE Std 802.3cz:New optical nGBASE-AU physical layerIn compliance with IEEE

2、 SA Standard Board Operations Manual,Clause 5.1.3,this document solely represents the views of the presenter and does notnecessarily represent a position of either the IEEE or the IEEE Standards Association.CONFIDENTIALIEEE 802.3 Use cases(simplified!)IEEE 802.3LAN/Data CenterAutomotiveBackplaneEthe

3、rnet in the Last MileHow are the use cases different?LAN/Data center(i.e.nGBASE-SR)AutomotiveReach/#Inliners100m/No IL40m/4 ILReliabilityNot so stringentLess than 15 FIT and 15 yearsTemperature rangeCommercial:0C +70 C/Industrial-40C +75 C Extended:-40 C +105/125 C EMCLess stringentStringentCostMode

4、rateLowEngineered/flexible networkFlexible networkEngineered networkAsymmetryNoYes for sensorsOthersNoneMechanical and chemical loads(vibrations,contamination,),dependability,diagnosisCONFIDENTIALIEEE 802.3 way for improvementHow to increase the reach and speed of data transmission?Increase ofDSP co

5、mplexityIncrease thenumber oflanesUse of betterlight sourcesImprovemedia/cableCONFIDENTIALLAN IEEE 802.3 standards Data rate per lane(Gb/s)10,10,000100BASE-T41000BASE-T10GBASE-SR10GBASE-T25GBASE-T40GBASE-T100BASE-T4(IEEE 802.3u):4 Lanes and CAT3 1000BASE-T(IEEE 802.3z):DSP and CAT510GBASE

6、-SR(IEEE 802.3ae):Light sources10GBASE-T(IEEE 802.3cg):DSP and CAT6A25,40GBASE-T(IEEE 802.3bq):DSP and CAT850GBASE-SR(IEEE 802.3cd):Light sources25GBASE-SR(IEEE 802.3by):Light sources25GBASE-SR50GBASE-SR100GBASE-SR100GBASE-SR(IEEE 802.3db):Light sourcesReach(meters)CONFIDENTIALAutomotive IEEE 802.3

7、standards Data rate per lane(Gb/s)10,10,011001011+2 IL15+4 IL40+4 IL100BASE-T11000BASE-T11000BASE-RH10BASE-T1S2.5,5,10GBASE-T12.5,5,10,25,50GBASE-AU25GBASE-T1100BASE-T1(IEEE 802.3bw):DSP(lane decrease)1000BASE-T1(IEEE 802.3bp):DSP and UTP/STP1000BASE-RH(IEEE 802.3bv):DSP10BASE-T1S(IEEE 802.3cg):Cost

8、 reduction2.5,5,10GBASE-T1(IEEE 802.3ch):DSP and STP/SDP2.5,5,10,25,50GBASE-AU(IEEE 802.3cz):Light source and OM325GBASE-T1(IEEE 802.3cy):DSP and SDP/CoaxReach(meters and#Inliners)CONFIDENTIALIEEE 802.3cz nGBASE-AU StandardCONFIDENTIAL CFI July-2019,TF June-2020,WG Ballot March-2022,SA Ballot Sept-2

9、022,Standard 2023 AutomotiveReach/#Inliners40m/4 ILReliabilityLess than 15 FIT and 15 yearsTemperature rangeExtended:-40 C +105/125 C EMCStringentCostLowEngineered/flexible networkEngineered networkAsymmetryYes for sensorsOthersMechanical and chemical loads(vibrations,contamination,),dependability,d

10、iagnosis Ethernet PHYs specification targeted for Automotive applicationo Data rates of 2.5,5,10,25 and 50 Gb/s(PAM2 for all rates but 50 Gb/s which uses PAM4)o Max reach of 40 meter(cars,buses,trucks)and up to 4 inline connectorso 980 nm VCEL wavelength specified to allow for a highly reliable ligh

11、t source at designated temperature range-40 C +125 C (4 FIT)o EMC requirements naturally covered using OM3 glass optical fibero Link budget specified to allow low-cost,small-size,auto-grade optical connectorso Adaptive data-aided equalization and timing recovery for best RX sensitivity and productio

12、n yieldo Energy Efficient Ethernet(EEE)for power saving in low traffic conditions,asymmetric rate use caseso Advanced diagnosis,dependability function with OAM channel Leverage mature components from other industries:OM3,VCSELs and photo-diodesCONFIDENTIALReduced DSP complexityOptical transceiver do

13、es NOT have to compensate:High attenuation vs frequency Ageing Echo cancellingOptical transceivers electronics are simpleSmall silicon areaShort latencyLow power consumptionLow costhttps:/grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/3/cy/public/adhoc/koeppendoerfer_3cy_01_10_28_20.pdfCONFIDENTIALReduced connector co

14、mplexityInsertion loss budget for cable and connectors isreally high(4 10 dB)vs nGBASE-SR(1.8 1.9 dB),and allows margin to,for example,Cope with contamination and mechanical loads Reduced alignment accuracy Trade off between number of connectors and insertion lossOptical connectors can be simpleLow

15、cost connectorsCONFIDENTIALOther Optical Standardization efforts:Open Alliance,IEC and ISOTC7Interoperability and system test SGEMC Evaluation of transceivers SGPHY Compliance SGTest House Requirements SGPMD optical harness SG New Working ItemTC86/IECSC86BWG 6 Optical connectors and harnessPNW 86A-2

16、270Optical fibre cables-Part 8:Optical fibre cables for use in automotive applications-Sectional specificationISO 24581General requirements and test methods of in-vehicle optical harnesses for up to 100Gbit/s communicationIn-vehicle Optical HarnessISO TC22/SC32WG10 Optical CommunicationsOptical Mult

17、i-gigabit physical layer device level conformance test plan and interoperability test planISO 21111-16 Optical Multi-gigabit physical layer system requirements and test plans EMC Evaluation of TransceiversIEC 62228-5/AMDXIntegrated Circuits-EMC Evaluation of Transceivers Part 5:Ethernet transceivers

18、BASE-AU EMC Test802.3 PHY Compliance analysisISO 21111-14 Multi-gigabit physical entity requirements and conformance test planISO 24581General requirements and test methods of in-vehicle optical harnesses for up to 100Gbit/s communicationHarness and connectors Test SuiteCamera PoC of 10GBASE-AU PHY

19、and connectivity solutionCONFIDENTIALAutomotive market Connected cars Electrical and autonomous vehicles High-speed cameras and sensors(radar,lidar)Centralized high performance computing units processing all raw data Zonal architecture,sensor fussion Black-boxesExponential increase of the electronic

20、s complexity and speedhttps:/ and complexity with copperEMC problems Electrical noise Galvanic IsolationThe higher the communication speed,the worse is the problemMainly in EVs Battery and engines operate at up to 800V and also connected to the 12V of the carECUECUCameraCar chassisShields create the

21、 so called ground loops”.Differential to common mode conversion+inductive shielding makes the cable to radiate noise.Cable shield is an antena for ground bouncing.Attenuation/bandwidthAttenuationincreases at highfrequenciesCONFIDENTIALSensor connectivity solution MIPI operation:CSI-2 to CSI-2 CSI-2

22、to Ethernet with IEEE 1722/MIPI encapsulation I2C,SPI and GPIO support over IEEE 1722 Multiple CSI-2 channels over a single duplex fibre Asymmetric optical operation:Up to 10 Gb/s downstream 1 Gb/s upstream 90o or 180o connectors(small)Power supply over hybrid connectors and cables already prototype

23、d Several TIER-1 and OEM interested -Camera PoC compatible with different camera suppliersCONFIDENTIALFeaturesCONFIDENTIAL Up to 10 cameras in high-end platforms with raw-data transmission Most of the cameras are 3 Gb/s,some of them are 8 Gb/s#CSI-2 ports per SOC limited,max 4(e.g.Xavier,Renesas):vi

24、rtual CSI-2 channels over single CSI-2 port are usedo Dual and quad deserializers are currently used with coax and A-PHYCamera PoC Camera application is intensive in rate per lane with low number of lanes and portsCONFIDENTIALControl bus,GPIOsInterposer BoardSerializer Board v2Carrier BoardCSI-2(4 l

25、anes+Clk)DISPLAYHDMICableCSI-2 Camera D-PHY4 lanesCSI-2 Camera D-PHY4 lanesCSI-2(4 lanes+Clk)1x CSI-2 4 lanes+ClkControl bus,GPIOs2x KD7251-A encapsulates-B aggregates+optical i/f2x KD7251-A:optical i/f+daisy chain output-B:optical i/f+aggregated CSI-2 outputDeserializer Board v2FiberFiberE.g.,2 Cam

26、erasECU2-to-11-to-11x CSI-25 Gb/s1-to-11-to-11x CSI-25 Gb/s10G SerDes1x CSI-210 Gb/s D-PHYCamera PoC:System descriptionCONFIDENTIALEthernet framesIEEE 1722 encapsulation of control actions and responses for:I2CSPIGPIOManagement interface-SPI(highest speed option)-(or I2C)-(or MDIO)Interrupt signalI2

27、CSPIGPIOMasterSlaveSlaveMaster-Perform write transfer-Perform read transfer-Normal input-Normal output-Pulsed outputSPI/I2C:GPIO:Execute control actions and retrieve status-Support of virtual GPIOs,enabling other features:PhysicalGPIOVirtual GPIOs-Timed transitionsMove pin t=PTP-synchronized actions

28、-Latched low input-Latched high input-Tri-state controlOpticalTransceiverOpticalTransceiverManagement bus:Proxy conceptCONFIDENTIALKD7251 eval-boardQuestions?Thank you!Ronda de Poniente 14,2CD,28760,Tres Cantos,Madrid,Spain.+34 918 043 Backup slidesCONFIDENTIALOptical vs Copper PHY complexity compar

29、isionEMC costSingle-lane max.ratePackagingPhotonics devicesPower consumptionModulation complexityLatencyBlock inter-leaver for impulse noiseSupported max channel lengthSupported#inline connectionsEqualizer complexityFEC complexityEcho cancellingScalability50 Gb/s according to 802.3cz.100 Gb/s feasib

30、le25 Gb/s according to 802.3cy.40 meters for at least up to 50 Gb/sNoAt least 4 for rates=50 Gb/s10GBASE-T1 with 4x interleaved is 2.0 us(+80%)25GBASE-T1 with 8x interleaved is 4.1 us(x9)Same cables and connectors for rates between 1G and 100 Gb/sFFE+DFE:10 taps total10GBASE-AU is 1.1 us25GBASE-AU i

31、s 0.45 us50GBASE-AU is 0.23 us100s of taps neededNoRS-FEC(544,522),GF(210).Complexity FOM=m(n-k)=220+50%)25Gb/s:RS-FEC(936,846),GF(210).FOM=m(n-k)=900(x4.5)x4 necessary for 10 Gb/s.x8 be necessary for 25 Gb/s.Complexity scales quadratically with data-rateNRZ for=2.5 Gb/s 11 metersPAM4 for=25 Gb/s.Hi

32、gh linearity and resolution D/A&A/DLower,based on complexityHigher,based on complexityVCSEL and PDNoBGA substrate w/lid implementing EMC shielding and optical coupling.Standard reflow process.Footprint 8x8 mm2Standard BGA.Standard reflow process.Similar footprintConnectors costPCB integrationBOMLowe

33、r:simple housing+ferrulesHigher:metal shieldingPHY IC placed close to the ECU edgePHY IC in the middle of the ECU close to uP/GPU/sensor/switchPort PCB area:22 x 16 mm2PHY IC needs to be placed close to the ECU edge,close to MDI with critical layoutPort PCB area:50 x 20 mm2PDN passives,optical conne

34、ctorPDN,EMI filter,ESD protection,CMC,DC block electrical connectionMuch lowerVery high:most problems come up at vehicle levelOptical PHY Copper PHYTechnologyCMOSCMOSStart-up time 100 ms(shorter in optical as no master/slave config is needed)200N)o No need for EMI shielding o Increase in data rates cable size unchanged from 1Gbps up to 100 Gbps.Optical cable is smaller/lighter for multi-gigabitCONFIDENTIALOptical fiber systems can scale to higher data rates w/same cable design