1、U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 1 Consumer Expenditures in 2017 This Consumer Expenditure Surveys (CE) annual report presents integrated data from the 2017 Diary and Interview portions of the CE, including data tables. (For details about the CE, see the technical notes.) The tables show average

2、 expenditures, income, and characteristics for consumer units (CUs) classified by income before taxes by quintile, decile, and range; age of the reference person; size of the consumer unit; composition of the consumer unit; number of earners; housing tenure (homeowner or renter) and type of area (ur

3、ban or rural); region of residence; occupation; highest education level of any consumer unit member; race; Hispanic or Latino origin; and generation of reference person.1 This report highlights spending patterns for 2017 from the CE, including a brief discussion of expenditure changes for the year.

4、As first reported in the Consumer Expenditures 2017 News Release, consumer spending increased 4.8 percent. This follows an increase of 2.4 percent in 2016, previously recorded by the CE. The average annual expenditures by CUs increased from $57,311 in 2016 to $60,060 in 2017. Despite the 2017 increa

5、se in expenditures, there was a decrease of 1.5 percent in average income before taxes, from 2016 ($74,664) to 2017 ($73,573). Prices, as measured by the average annual change in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U, U.S. city average, all items, base period 19821984=100), rose by

6、 2.1 percent in 2017, compared with the 4.8-percent increase in spending.2 In 2016, prices as measured by the CPI-U increased by 1.3 percent, compared with the 2.4-percent increase in spending. Developments in 2017 During 2017, spending increased for 10 of the 14 major aggregated categories of expen

7、ditures tracked by CE: food, alcoholic beverages, housing, apparel and services, transportation, healthcare, entertainment, personal care products and services, education, and miscellaneous expenditures. (See table A.) Expenditures on apparel and services increased by 1.7 percent. Food, alcoholic be

8、verages, housing, transportation, healthcare, personal care products and services, education, and entertainment expenditures were up between 5.3 and 15.3 percent. Personal insurance and pensions, tobacco and smoking supplies, reading, and cash contributions declined by 0.9 to 10.0 percent. April 201

9、9 | Report 1080 Item20017 Percent change 2001617 Number of consumer units (in thousands)127,006128,437129,549130,001 Consumer unit characteristics Income before taxes$66,877$69,627$74,664$73,5734.17.2-1.5 Age of reference person50.350.550.950.9 Average number in consumer unit T

10、able A. Average annual expenditures by major category of all consumer units and percent changes, 201417 See footnotes at end of table. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 2 Item20017 Percent change 2001617 People2.52.52.52.5 Children under 180.60.60.60.6 Adults 65 and older0.4

11、0.40.40.4 Earners1.31.31.31.3 Vehicles1.91.91.91.9 Percent homeowner63626263 Average annual expenditures$53,495$55,978$57,311$60,0604.62.44.8 Food6,7597,0237,2037,7293.92.67.3 Food at home3,9714,0154,0494,3631.10.87.8 Cereals and bakery products5-0.21.27.6 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs89

12、28968909440.4-0.76.1 Dairy products423413410450-2.4-0.79.8 Fruits and vegetables7567697838371.71.86.9 Other food at home1,3821,4191,4421,5682.71.68.7 Food away from home2,7873,0083,1543,3657.94.96.7 Alcoholic beverages46351548455811.2-6.015.3 Housing17,79818,40918,88619,8843.42.65.3 Shelter10,49110,

13、74211,12811,8952.43.66.9 Owned dwellings6,1496,2106,2956,9471.01.410.4 Rented dwellings3,6313,8024,0354,1674.76.13.3 Other lodging72.89.3-2.0 Utilities, fuels, and public services3,9213,8853,8843,836-0.90.0-1.2 Household operations1,1741,3091,3841,41211.55.72.0 Housekeeping supplies632655

14、6607553.60.814.4 Household furnishings and equipment1,5811,8181,8291,98715.00.68.6 Apparel and services1,7861,8461,8031,8333.4-2.31.7 Transportation9,0739,5039,0499,5764.7-4.85.8 Vehicle purchases (net outlay)3,3013,9973,6344,05421.1-9.111.6 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil2,4682,0901,9091,968-1

15、5.3-8.73.1 Other vehicle expenses2,7232,7562,8842,8421.24.6-1.5 Public and other transportation583.8-5.714.3 Table A. Average annual expenditures by major category of all consumer units and percent changes, 201417 See footnotes at end of table. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 3 Sourc

16、e: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Expenditure Survey. Expenditure shares Table B details expenditure shares, or the percent distribution of total annual expenditures by major expenditure categories, for all CUs from 2014 to 2017. Expenditure shares usually do not fluctuate much in the sho

17、rt term, and therefore are more useful for identifying spending trends over time. (See chart 1.) As in previous years, housing was the largest component of overall expenditures, accounting for 33.1 percent of total expenditures in 2017. Housing expenditures were followed by transportation expenditur

18、es (15.9 percent) and food expenditures (12.9 percent). Item20017 Percent change 2001617 Healthcare4,2904,3424,6124,9281.26.26.9 Entertainment2,7282,8422,9133,2034.22.510.0 Personal care products and services6456837077625.93.57.8 Reading010.73.5-6.8 Education1,2361,3

19、151,3291,4916.41.112.2 Tobacco products and smoking supplies39.4-3.4-1.5 Miscellaneous7828719591,01011.410.15.3 Cash contributions1,7881,8192,0811,8731.714.4-10.0 Personal insurance and pensions5,7266,3496,8316,77110.97.6-0.9 Life and other personal insurance3273333224181.8-3.329.8 Pensio

20、ns and Social Security5,3996,0166,5096,35311.48.2-2.4 Table A. Average annual expenditures by major category of all consumer units and percent changes, 201417 U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 4 The most notable changes in expenditure shares between 2016 and 2017 were in personal insurance and pe

21、nsions, and the transportation subcategories of vehicle purchases and public and other transportation. Personal insurance and pensions fell from 11.9 percent to 11.3 percent of average annual expenditures. The share for total transportation increased a tenth of a percent to 15.9 percent. Within that

22、 category, vehicle purchases increased from 6.3 percent in 2016 to 6.7 percent in 2017, compared with 6.2 percent in 2014 to 7.1 percent in 2015. Gasoline and motor oil expenditure shares stayed constant, at 3.3 percent from 2016 to 2017, and public and other transportation increased 14.3 percent. (

23、See table A.) Expenditure shares on gasoline and motor oil in 2014 and 2015 were 4.6 and 3.7 percent, respectively. Food expenditures were up 0.3 percentage points to 12.9 percent of average annual expenditures, as the shares for food at home and food away from home both increased. Cash contribution

24、 shares reversed their 2016 gains and fell from 3.6 to 3.1 percent in 2017. The remaining expenditures for major categories remained about the same as their 2016 levels. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 5 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Expenditure Survey. Spending Category2014

25、201520162017 Average annual expenditures100.0100.0100.0100.0 Food12.612.512.612.9 Food at home7.47.27.17.3 Food away from home5.25.45.55.6 Alcoholic beverages0.90.90.80.9 Housing33.332.933.033.1 Shelter19.619.219.419.8 Utilities, fuels, and public services7.36.96.86.4 Household operations2.22.32.42.

26、4 Housekeeping supplies1.21.21.21.3 Household furnishings and equipment3.03.23.23.3 Apparel and services3.33.33.13.1 Transportation17.017.015.815.9 Vehicle purchases (net outlay)6.27.16.36.7 Gasoline, other fuels, and motor oil4.63.73.33.3 Other vehicle expenses5.14.95.04.7 Public and other transpor

27、tation1.11.21.11.2 Healthcare8.07.88.08.2 Entertainment5.15.15.15.3 Personal care products and services1.21.21.21.3 Reading0.20.20.20.2 Education2.32.32.32.5 Tobacco products and smoking supplies0.60.60.60.6 Miscellaneous1.51.61.71.7 Cash contributions3.33.23.63.1 Personal insurance and pensions10.7

28、11.311.911.3 Life and other personal insurance0.60.60.60.7 Pensions and Social Security10.110.711.410.6 Table B. Percent distribution of total annual expenditures by major category for all consumer units, 201417 U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 6 Expenditures on housing Housing expenditures were

29、 up 5.3 percent for 2017. This was primarily driven by expenses on shelter, up 6.9 percent, and owned dwellings, up 10.4 percent. (See table A.) Nevertheless, housing expenditures remained steady at 33.1 percent of total spending. Between 2014 and 2017, expenditures on housing were between 32.9 and

30、33.3 percent of total expenditures. In addition, the period of 200416 saw an overall trend of fewer CUs owning homes. Ownership rates declined from a peak of 68 percent of households in 2004 to 62 percent of households in 2016. (See chart 2.) However, in 2017, homeownership rates ticked up for the f

31、irst time since 2003, but were still five percentage points below the peak. Expenditures on gasoline Average expenditures on gasoline increased in 2017. CUs spent 2.8 percent more in 2017 than in 2016. Chart 3 shows the percent change in expenditures on gasoline and the price of gasoline between 200

32、7 and 2017. For most years, the change in consumer spending on gasoline is similar to the change in gasoline prices. In 2017, the percentage increase in spending on gasoline was smaller (2.8 percent) than the increase in the CPI index for gasoline (13.1 percent). The increase in gasoline expenditure

33、s and the increase in the CPI index for gasoline reversed from 4 straight years of declines from 2013 through 2016. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 7 Expenditures by income quintile Spending increased across all five income quintiles in 2017. This continued the trend from 2014 through 2016, whi

34、ch also saw increases in all five income quintiles for all 3 previous years. (See chart 4.) The first quintile increased spending by 3.5 percent, the smallest increase in percentage terms. The second quintile increased spending by 6.9 percent, and the other three quintiles increased spending between

35、 4.2 and 5.9 percent. In addition, all quintiles registered larger spending increases, in percentage terms, than in 2016. Table C shows more details on spending by income quintile. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 8 All income quintiles spent more on food at home, food away from home, housing, h

36、ealthcare, and entertainment in 2017 than those in 2016. (See table C.) Among these categories, the largest increases were spending on food away from home and healthcare, with increases averaging 8.9 and 8.6 percent respectively among the quintiles. Expenditures for apparel and services, transportat

37、ion, cash contributions, personal insurance and pensions, and all other expenditures registered mixed results within quintiles. Cash contributions, which can vary widely, declined in three quintiles; personal insurance and pensions declined in two quintiles; apparel and services and all other expend

38、itures declined in one quintile. Item LowestSecondThirdFourthHighest DollarPercentDollarPercentDollarPercentDollarPercentDollarPercent Income before taxes 5.000.0845.002.91,868.003.72,190.002.6-10,571-5.3 Average annual expenditures 880.563.52,529.936.92,805.725.92,693.654.14,766.144.2 Food208.755.4

39、692.9313.9836.5913.4320.983.8565.734.5 Food at home80.423.2510.1116.4340.799.2155.373.3483.347.8 Food away from home 128.339.4182.839.8495.8119.6165.614.582.381.3 Table C. Dollar change and percent change in average annual expenditures on major categories by income quintile, 201617 See footnotes at

40、end of table. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 9 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Expenditure Survey. Expenditures on food by income quintile and generation Food expenditures increased for all quintiles in 2017. This is similar to 2015 and 2016, when expenditures increased for 4

41、 of 5 quintiles. In 2017, the second and third quintiles registered the largest percentage increases in food expenditures, 13.9 and 13.4 percent increases respectively. (See table C.) The increases were more modest for the first, fourth, and fifth quintiles, ranging between 3.8 and 5.4 percent. Besi

42、des increases across the board in both food- at-home and food-away-from-home expenditures, no clear pattern emerged for the quintiles. Foodat-home spending ranged between a 3.2-percent increase for the first quintile, to a 16.4-percent increase for the second quintile. Food- away-from-home spending

43、ranged between a 1.3-percent increase for the fifth quintile, to a 19.6-percent increase for the third quintile. There is a noticeable difference by generation in food spending. Aside from those born in 1927 or earlier, the proportion of food expenditures on food at home increased for older generati

44、ons. The youngest generation observed in 2017, those born in 1981 or later, spent 53 percent of food expenditures on food at home. This rises to 61 percent for those born between 1928 and 1945. (See chart 5.) Item LowestSecondThirdFourthHighest DollarPercentDollarPercentDollarPercentDollarPercentDol

45、larPercent Housing145.911.4543.564.01,146.417.01,557.037.51,580.844.7 Apparel and services 17.302.088.447.6-171.31-11.392.914.7121.953.5 Transportation-270.17-7.2579.469.768.410.8168.101.52,076.2212.9 Healthcare336.0715.6361.1010.2375.768.8322.675.9180.282.3 Entertainment123.9610.889.475.0172.517.46

46、0.641.81,001.0017.0 Cash contributions 91.8616.5-238.7-16.7183.9714.1-17.83-0.9-1,062.99-20.3 Personal insurance and pensions 9.941.5655.0537.1108.892.6-46.89-0.6-1,049.53-5.4 All other216.9411.6-241.38-9.484.492.8236.046.11,352.6416.2 Table C. Dollar change and percent change in average annual expe

47、nditures on major categories by income quintile, 201617 U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 10 Notes 1 A consumer unit consists of either: (1) all members of a particular household who are related by blood, marriage, adoption, or other legal arrangements; (2) a person living alone or sharing a hous

48、ehold with others or living as a roomer in a private home or lodging house or in permanent living quarters in a hotel or motel, but who is financially independent; or (3) two or more persons living together who use their income to make joint expenditure decisions. 2 Data output for “all items in U.S

49、. city average, all urban consumers, not seasonally adjusted” from the Consumer Price Index All Urban Consumers (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics), https:/data.bls.gov/timeseries/CUUR0000SA0. U.S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Page 11 Statistical Tables ItemAll consumer unitsLowest 20 percentSecond 20 percentThird 20 percentFourth 20 percentHighest 20 percent Number of consumer units (in thousands)130,00125,98125,98826,01226,10025,921 Lower limit (1)(1) $20,739$39,609$66,898$109,743 Consumer unit characterist