1、Stiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 1The Evolutionof Global Offshore Wind TechnologyHenrik Stiesdal,01.06.19Stiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 2The idea of offshore wind power is not new!Source:Harward University,DerwentStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 3The trans

2、ition from ideas to reality1989Danish government announces intent to build two 5 MW demonstration plants1991Vindeby installation 11 Bonus 450 kW1995TunKnob installation 10 Vestas 500 kW2000Middelgrunden installation 20 Bonus 2 MW2002Horns Rev installation 80 Vestas 2 MW2003Nysted installation 72 Bon

3、us 2.3 MWStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 4The transition from ideas to reality Vindeby,1991,5 MWSource:Bonus EnergyStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 5Vindeby 1991Offshore turbine modifications implemented at VindebyProtection to C5 corrosion class externallyBuilt-in nacel

4、le crane for service worksLarger,portable crane for main component replacementTotally enclosed nacelle and towerCooling with heat exchanges for gearbox and generatorClimate control with dehumidifiers in nacelle and towerNavigation lightsProject infrastructureConcrete gravity foundation11 kV transmis

5、sionSource:Bonus EnergyStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 6TunKnob,1995,5 MWSource:MHI VestasStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 7Middelgrunden,2000,40 MWSource:Bonus EnergyStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 8Middelgrunden,2000Middelgrunden offshore turbine modific

6、ationsProtection to C5 corrosion class externallyBuilt-in nacelle crane for service worksTotally enclosed nacelle and towerCooling with heat exchanges for gearbox and generatorClimate control with dehumidifiers in nacelle and towerNavigation lightsCondition monitoringProject infrastructureConcrete g

7、ravity foundation11 kV transmissionStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 9Horns Rev,2002,160 MWSource:Bel-AirStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 10Horns Rev,2002Source:VestasThe disaster projectCooling with ambient air ventilated through nacelle and tower,no climate controlInsuff

8、icient corrosion protection of generators and nacelle-mounted transformersInsufficient lightning protection and surface treatment of bladesResult:Turbines dismounted two years after commissioning,shipped to shore,retrofitted,re-installedVery good operational reliability after retrofitStiesdal Stiesd

9、al A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 11Nysted,2003,165 MWSource:Bonus EnergyStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 12Nysted,2003Nysted offshore turbine modificationsProtection to C5 corrosion class externallyBuilt-in nacelle crane for service worksTotally enclosed nacelle and towerCooling with he

10、at exchanges for gearbox and generatorClimate control with dehumidifiers in nacelle and towerNavigation lightsCondition monitoringGrid code complianceProject infrastructureConcrete gravity foundation33 kV transmissionStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 13Since then,we have only moved forw

11、ard Source:GWEC05,00010,00015,00020,00025,00025804200520062007200820092000162017Installed capacity(MW)Global installed offshore wind capacityStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 14The UK developmentSource:Vestas,S

12、iemens,MHI VestasStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 15The Denmark developmentAnholt,2013,400 MWBuilt by rsted,owned by consortium with Pension DanmarkTurbines in curved arrangement with varying spacing,yields 2-3%more due to layout than for traditional grid patternNysted-type turbine mod

13、ifications,steel monpiles,33 kW transmissionCapacity factor 48%-1.3 times Nysted,2 times VindebySource:rstedStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 16Lessons learnedSource:VestasThe turbinesThe turbine modifications developed at the early stages(totally enclosed designs,high-grade corrosion p

14、rotection)have turned out to be necessary and sufficientEven major problems have been managed so as to ensure very good operational reliability after retrofitAccess challenges have to be taken very seriously-reliability is king!Fortunately,present-day turbines from tier-1 suppliers have very high av

15、ailability(typically 98.5%)Stiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 17The O&M infrastructure follows the marketPicture credit:AnmpelmannStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 18Looking forward Bigger is always better at least until now!Picture credit:Siemens,MHI Vestas,GEStiesdal Sties

16、dal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 19The evolution in InfrastructurePicture credit:ClimatetechFoundationsThe classical concrete gravity foundations are no longer widely usedMonopiles have turned out to be extendable to a surprising extent!Jackets are only built of necessityElectricals66 kV is the new

17、normStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 20Offshore turbine installation w/o installation vesselStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 21Offshore turbine installation w/o installation vesselStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 22Offshore turbine installation w/o installat

18、ion vesselStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 23Offshore turbine installation w/o installation vesselStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 24Offshore turbine installation w/o installation vesselStiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 25In summary we have the technology to

19、continue our great progress!Source:GWEC05,00010,00015,00020,00025,0002008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018Installed capacity(MW)Global installed offshore wind capacityOne of the fastest growing energy sectors10-year Compound Annual Growth Rate 30%Market has doubled every 3 yearsOver same period LCOE has dropped 60%Within a few decades offshore wind can become the main source of electricity in large parts of the worldCAGR 30%Stiesdal Stiesdal A/S 2019,All Rights Reserved 26Thanks for your attentionHenrik S