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1、WorldEnergyReview2022WorldEnergyReview2022In 2021 the easing of Covid-19 restrictions and the ensuing economic recovery led to a rebound in energy demand,barely met by the available resources that were constrained by a legacy of limited investment into the Oil&Gas sector.The unsta-ble balance result
2、ed in higher commodity prices,highlighting the vulnerabilities in the energy system.This year the war in Ukraine has further emphasised the importance of energy security.The main challenge that the energy industry is facing is to improve universal access to affordable energy while,at the same time,a
3、ccelerating the transition process towards a more sustainable energy mix.By acknowledging the ongoing process of change,the World Energy Review,now in its 21st edition,this year comes out in an interactive and modular version,and also introduces the topic of critical minerals.The transition from fos
4、sil fuels to low-carbon energy sources calls for the massive deployment of a wide range of clean energy technologies,many of which in turn rely on these critical minerals concentrated in a few countries.Ensuring energy transition as well as energy security in the future must take into consideration
5、this important aspect.Looking at the evolution of the world of oil,natural gas,modern renewable sources and critical minerals,the following highlights emerge:Oil prices were up by 70%in 2021 as demand recovered(+6.1%YoY)but remained below pre-pandemic levels.OPEC+kept a“close eye”on production and m
6、arket balance,delivering a gradual easing of cuts in the second half of the year while by the year-end bringing down global inventories to below the previous five-year average.Production capacity growth struggled to keep pace with the recovery in demand.World oil production increased by 1.4%YoY in 2
7、021.There was no significant change in terms of crude quality.It was confir-med that the process of the lightening barrel halted,most notably due to broadly unchanged US production growth.Gas prices were up in all markets(+400%in Europe,+300%in Asia and+90%in US),with a marked uptick in the second h
8、alf of the year.The post-Covid rebound in energy consumption and the challenge of adjusting supply up in a timely fashion(also due to the unplanned stoppages of some liquefaction plants)were the main drivers underlying this upward trend.In 2021 global gas demand returned to growth(+3.9%)after the de
9、cline in 2020,notably in Russia(+11.8%)and Europe(+6.7%).Among the top-10 gas consuming countries,the U.S.,albeit still at the first place,confirmed the negative trend of 2020 with a-1.6%fall,while China recorded an increase of 4.2%,retaining its position as the largest global importer.Global gas pr
10、oduction also reported a 3.5%increase,after the slowdown in 2020,mainly accounted for by Russia(+9.8%)and Africa(+11.9%,especially Algeria and Egypt).In 2021 LNG saw its share on total traded gas at 39%(40%in 2020),downwards for the first time since 2015.However,in 2021 the LNG traded volumes grew t
11、o 488 Bcm,of which around 70%was imported into Asian countries.Over the year,the U.S.increased its LNG exports by 9%.In 2021,solar and wind share on total power generation reached 10%,increasing by 1 percentage point with respect to the previous year.In 2021 solar power continued to dominate renewab
12、le capacity expansion with 138 GW of new installations,half of which was installed in China(53 GW)and US(20 GW).Global installed solar capacity reached 855 GW(+19%YoY),almost entirely photovoltaic.In 2021 wind also kept growing:global capacity reached 823 GW(+12.6%YoY).Compared with 2020(+111 GW),ne
13、w installa-tions decreased to 92 GW,roughly half of which were installed in China(+47 GW).All critical minerals included in this review(cobalt,copper,lithium,nickel and rare earths)saw an increase of production in 2021,reflecting an uptick in demand and prices,after the constraints of the health eme
14、rgency in 2020.Claudio DescalziChief Executive Officer and General ManagerOil-Supply and Demand16RESERVES 16Areas and Aggregates 18The World Top 10 Reserves Holders 19Countries 23PRODUCTION23Areas and Aggregates25The World Top 10 Producers26Countries 29The World Top 10 Natural Gas Liquids Producers3
15、0RESERVES/PRODUCTION RATIO30Areas and Aggregates 31The World Top 10 Producers Ranked by Reserves/Production Ratio32Countries 35CONSUMPTION35Areas and Aggregates 37The World Top 10 Consumers38Countries 43PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION43Areas and Aggregates 44The World Top 10 Consumers Ranked by Per Capita Co
16、nsumption Ratio45Countries 50PRODUCTION/CONSUMPTION RATIO50Areas and Aggregates 51The World Top 10 Producers Ranked by Production/Consumption Ratio52Countries Oil-Trade and Prices58REGIONAL CRUDE BALANCES58Crude Surplus Deficit by Area59EXPORTS59The World Top 10 Exporters60Countries64IMPORTS64The Wo
17、rld Top 10 Importers65Countries70CRUDE FUTURE PRICES AND OPEN INTERESTS Introduction8LIST OF COUNTRIES 9121212NOTES AND METHODS WORLD ENERGY MIXWorld Energy Mix 2021World Power Generation 2021Oil-Production Quality74WORLD74Crude Production by Quality74Crude Production by Gravity74Crude Production by
18、 Sulphur Content75Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes76Crude Production by Quality-Chart77EUROPE77Crude Production by Quality77Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes78Crude Production by Quality-Chart79Countries80RUSSIA AND CENTRAL ASIA80Crude Production by Quality81Quality and Produc
19、tion Volume of Main Crudes82Crude Production by Quality-Chart83Countries84MIDDLE EAST 84Crude Production by Quality85Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes86Crude Production by Quality-Chart87Countries89AFRICA89Crude Production by Quality90Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes91Crude Pr
20、oduction by Quality-Chart92Countries95ASIA-PACIFIC95Crude Production by Quality96Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes97Crude Production by Quality-Chart98Countries100AMERICAS100Crude Production by Quality101Quality and Production Volume of Main Crudes102Crude Production by Quality-Chart103Co
21、untriesOil-Refining Industry108REFINING CAPACITY108Areas and Aggregates 4Eni World Energy Review 2022 Natural Gas-Supply and Demand114RESERVES 114Areas and Aggregates 116The World Top 10 Reserves Holders 117Countries 121PRODUCTION121Areas and Aggregates123The World Top 10 Producers124Countries 128RE
22、SERVES/PRODUCTION RATIO128Areas and Aggregates 129The World Top 10 Producers Ranked by Reserves/Production Ratio130Countries 134CONSUMPTION134Areas and Aggregates 136The World Top 10 Consumers137Countries 142PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION142Areas and Aggregates 143The World Top 10 Consumers Ranked by Per Ca
23、pita Consumption Ratio144Countries 149PRODUCTION/CONSUMPTION RATIO149Areas and Aggregates 150The World Top 10 Producers Ranked by Production/Consumption Ratio151Countries Natural Gas-Trade and Prices158EXPORTS158The World Top 10 Exporters159Countries162IMPORTS162The World Top 10 Importers163Countrie
24、s166Imports by Country of Origin-Pipeline and LNG 2021168Imports by Country of Origin-Pipeline 2021170Imports by Country of Origin-LNG 2021172TRADED GAS 173LNG-LIQUEFACTION AND REGASIFICATION CAPACITY173Liquefaction Capacity-Countries174Regasification Capacity-Countries175NATURAL GAS BALANCE-ITALY17
25、6NATURAL GAS PRICESRenewables180SOLAR RESOURCES Map(Global Horizontal Irradiance)181SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER CAPACITY181Areas and Aggregates 183The World Top 10 184Countries 189SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION189Areas and Aggregates 191The World Top 10192Countries 197CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER CAPA
26、CITY197Areas and Aggregates 199The World Top 10200Countries 201CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER GENERATION201Areas and Aggregates 203The World Top 5204Countries 205WIND RESOURCES MAP(Average Wind Speed at 80 m height)206WIND POWER CAPACITY206Areas and Aggregates 208The World Top 10209Countries 213WIND POWER
27、 GENERATION213Areas and Aggregates 215The World Top 10216Countries 220BIOFUELS PRODUCTIONCritical Minerals224COBALT224RESERVES224Countries 224The World Top 10 225World Cobalt Reserves226PRODUCTION226Countries 226The World Top 10 227World Cobalt Production228COPPER228RESERVES228Countries 228The World
28、 Top 10 229World Copper Reserves230PRODUCTION230Countries 230The World Top 10 231World Copper Production232LITHIUM232RESERVES232Countries 232The World Top 8 233World Lithium Reserves234PRODUCTION234Countries 234The World Top 7235World Lithium Production236NICKEL236RESERVES236Countries 236The World T
29、op 8 237World Nickel Reserves238PRODUCTION238Countries 238The World Top 9 239World Nickel Production240RARE EARTHS240RESERVES240Countries 240The World Top 10 241World Rare Earths Reserves242PRODUCTION242Countries 242The World Top 10 243World Rare Earths Production5CONTENTSIntroductionLIST OF COUNTRI
30、ESNOTES AND METHODSPRICESCrude Future Price and Open InterestsNatural Gas Prices Power PricesIntroductionLIST OF COUNTRIESNOTES AND METHODSWORLD ENERGY MIXIntroductionLIST OF COUNTRIESNOTES AND METHODSWORLD ENERGY MIXList of CountriesEuropeRussia and Central AsiaMiddle East AfricaAsia-PacificNorth A
31、mericaCentral South AmericaList of CountriesThis Review adopts the most commonly used names for countries and not necessarily the official name.The names used do not in any way indicate the opinion of Eni on the legal status of countries,territories,cities or areas mentioned.The term“country”is used
32、 to indicate,when necessary,also a territory or area.Borders between countries are indicated on the maps and do not imply judgement of any kind or the position of Eni with regard to current international disputes.This Review has been prepared by the Market Scenarios and Strategic Options Unit.List o
33、f Countries:Europe:Albania,Austria,Belarus,Belgium,Bosnia Herzegovina,Bulgaria,Croatia,Cyprus,Czech Republic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Gibraltar,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Kosovo,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Moldova,Montenegro,Netherlands,North Macedonia,Norway,Poland,Por
34、tugal,Romania,Serbia,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland,Turkey,Ukraine and United Kingdom.Russia and Central Asia:Russia,Armenia,Azerbaijan,Georgia,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.Middle East:Bahrain,Iran,Iraq,Israel,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon,Oman,Qatar,Saudi Arabia,
35、Syria,United Arab Emirates and Yemen.Africa:Algeria,Angola,Benin,Cameroon,Chad,Congo,Cte dIvoire,Dem.Rep.Congo,Egypt,Equatorial Guinea,Ethiopia,Gabon,Ghana,Kenya,Libya,Madagascar,Mauritania,Morocco,Mozambique,Namibia,Niger,Nigeria,Rwanda,Senegal,Sierra Leone,Somalia,South Africa,South Sudan,Sudan,Ta
36、nzania,Tunisia,Uganda,Zambia and Zimbabwe.Asia-Pacific:Afghanistan,Australia,Bangladesh,Brunei,China,East Timor,Hong Kong,India,Indonesia,Japan,Malaysia,Mongolia,Myanmar,Nepal,New Zealand,North Korea,Pakistan,Papua New Guinea,Philippines,Singapore,South Korea,Sri Lanka,Taiwan,Thailand and Vietnam.Am
37、ericas:North America and Central South America.North America:Canada and the United States.Central South America:Argentina,Barbados,Belize,Bolivia,Brazil,Chile,Colombia,Costa Rica,Cuba,Curacao,Dominican Republic,Ecuador,El Salvador,Guatemala,Guyana,Haiti,Honduras,Jamaica,Mexico,Nicaragua,Panama,Parag
38、uay,Peru,Suriname,Trinidad and Tobago,Uruguay and Venezuela.nEuropean Union 27:Austria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Croatia,Cyprus,Czech Republic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Poland,Portugal,Romania,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain and
39、Sweden.nOECD:Australia,Austria,Belgium,Canada,Chile,Colombia,Czech Republic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Israel,Italy,Japan,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Mexico,Netherlands,New Zealand,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Slovakia,Slovenia,South Korea,Spain,Sweden,Switzerlan
40、d,Turkey,United Kingdom and United States.nOPEC:Algeria,Angola,Congo,Equatorial Guinea,Gabon,Iran,Iraq,Kuwait,Libya,Nigeria,Saudi Arabia,United Arab Emirates and Venezuela.nMENA(Middle East and North Africa):Bahrain,Iran,Iraq,Israel,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon,Oman,Qatar,Saudi Arabia,Syria,United Arab Emi
41、rates,Yemen and Algeria,Egypt,Libya,Morocco and Tunisia.8Eni World Energy Review 2022 Notes and MethodsOilThe sources of the data are:CME,DECC,EIA DOE,Enerdata,Energy Intelligence,ICE,ICIS Consulting,International Energy Agency,IHS Global Insight,Italian Ministry for Ecological Transition,JODI,Norwe
42、gian Petroleum Directorate,Oil&Gas Journal,OPEC,S&P Global Platts,Wood MacKenzie and other official sources.In all the chapters of oil,in some countries figures may include oil from non conventional sources and others sources of supply.The figures for“Reserves”refer to proven reserves as at 31st Dec
43、ember.The figures for other chapters indicate annual averages.Blank spaces in the tables indicate that the figure was not available,zero indicates a figure that is not significant(except for the chapters“Production Quality”where“zero”is used for both not available and not significant figures).Total
44、may differ from the sum of the individual figures as a result of rounding up/down.Percentages have been calculated before rounding.Supply and Demand-Trade and PricesThe difference between the Consumption and the Production of oil is given by the change in stocks,the processing gains obtained in refi
45、ning and the amount of biofuels which is not included in Production.In all the chapters,the list of the“The world top 10”is drawn up by ordering the countries on the basis of the last available year.In the chapters“Reserves/Production Ratio”and“Production/Consumption Ratio”,the list of the“The world
46、 top 10”is drawn up by selecting the largest producers in the last available year and ordering them on the basis of the value of the reserves/production and production/consu-mption ratio.In the chapter“Per Capita Consumption”,the list of the world top is drawn up by selecting the largest consumers i
47、n the last available year and ordering them by the value of per capita consumption.Production Quality In the chapter“Production Quality”figures for total oil production in each area or country do not coincide with the figures in the“Production”chapter of the Review.This is due to the exclusion of na
48、tural gas liquids and extra heavy crude from the figures for the first(except for Vene-zuela).Moreover,it has not been possible to allocate or define total production.In some countries the Ultra Light category also includes,in total or in part,the production of condensates.For Canada the production
49、includes syncrude.API degree is used universally to express a crudes relative density.The arbitrary formula used to obtain it is:API gravity=(141.5/SG at 60F)-131.5,where SG is the specific gravity of the fluid.Lighter the crude,higher the API gravity.The API scale was designed so that most values w
50、ould fall between 10 and 70 API gravity degrees.Fresh water has an API density of 10.Atmospheric distillates yields are obtained according to TBP(True Boiling Point)technique,ASTM D2892 procedure.Figures are expressed in mass percentage.For the definition of the qualitative parameters for single cru
51、des,the data of“EniR&M downstream laboratories”have been used,wherever possible.Quality levels,indicating API gravity and sulphur content,are defined as follows.Quality levels-API gravity and sulphur content Ultra Light API level equal to or greater than 50 and a low sulphur content Light&Sweet API
52、level equal to or greater than 35 and less than 50,sulphur content less 0.5%Light&Medium Sour API level equal to or greater than 35 and less than 50,sulphur content equal to or greater than 0.5%and less than 1%Light&Sour API level equal to or greater than 35 and less than 50,sulphur content equal to
53、 or greater than 1%Medium&Sweet API level equal to or greater than 26 and less than 35,sulphur content less 0.5%Medium&Medium Sour API level equal to or greater than 26 and less than 35,sulphur content equal to or greater than 0.5%and less than 1%Medium&Sour API level equal to or greater than 26 and
54、 less than 35,sulphur content equal to or greater than 1%Heavy&Sweet API level equal to or greater than 10 and less than 26,sulphur content less 0.5%Heavy&Medium Sour API level equal to or greater than 10 and less than 26,sulphur content equal to or greater than 0.5%and less than 1%Heavy&Sour API le
55、vel equal to or greater than 10 and less than 26,sulphur content equal to or greater than 1%9INTRODUCTIONRefining IndustryThe“Refining Capacity”set of tabulations provides the following information:Refineries:includes asphalt and lube oriented units,when dedicated topping capacity is present.Condens
56、ate refineries are included.Primary Capacity:represents a pro rated annual average of available capacity,excluding turnarounds.Conversion Capacity(FCC eqv.):sum of conversion capacity,converted to“Catcracking(FCC)equivalent”capacity.“FCC equivalent”capacity equals 1;other conversion capacities can b
57、e higher or lower than 1(the equivalent factors are reported below in the next table).Complexity Ratio FCC eqv.:ratio of Conversion Capacity(converted to FCC equivalent)over Primary Capacity,calculated on a weight basis.The higher is the complexity index,the higher is the capability of a refinery to
58、 produce high equivalent quality and value products.Complexity Ratio NCI(Nelson Complexity Index):is another measure of secondary conversion capacity in comparison to the primary distillation capacity.The units are rated in terms of their costs relative to the primary distillation unit.The higher is
59、 the index the higher is the capability of a refinery to produce high quality and value products.The equivalent factors for the FCC equivalent calculation,reported below,change according to the type and the configuration of the conver-sion unit and are from ICIS Consulting.The factors for the Nelson
60、 calculation are standard factors,modified as necessary by Eni.Oxygenates and Aromatics are excluded.Conversion type Conversion typeAlkylation 0.00 10.00 Hydrodesulf-diesel 0.00 2.50Alkylation-hydrofluoric 0.00 10.00 Hydrodesulf-gasoline 0.00 2.50Alkylation-sulfunic 0.00 10.00 Hydrodesulf-kero 0.00
61、2.50Asphalt 0.25 1.50 Hydrodesulf-mid-distillates 0.00 2.50Coking-delayed 1.35 6.00 Hydrodesulf-naphta 0.00 2.50Coking-f/d 1.35 6.00 Hydrodesulf-residue 0.20 2.50Coking-fluid 1.35 6.00 Hydrodesulf-gvgo 0.05 2.50Coking-fxc 1.35 6.00 Isomerization-c4 0.00 15.00Condensate distillation 0.00 1.00 Isomeri
62、zation-In 0.00 15.00Crude 0.00 1.00 Lube 0.50 60.00Deasphalting 0.00 1.50 Polymerization 0.00 10.00Deasphalting-c3 0.00 1.50 Reforming-aromax 0.00 5.00Deasphalting-c4 0.00 1.50 Reforming-btx 0.00 5.00Deep catcraking 1.10 6.00 Reforming-cc 0.00 5.00Distillate dewaxing 0.10 85.00 Reforming-cyclic 0.00
63、 5.00Fluid cat-cracking 1.00 6.00 Reforming-Ipg feed 0.00 5.00Fluid catcracking-residue 1.90 6.00 Reforming-sr 0.00 5.00Heavy residual gasification 1.30 12.00 Thermal cat-cracking 0.80 2.75Hydrocracking-distillates 1.30 6.00 Thermal cracking 0.65 2.75Hydrocracking-mild 0.30 6.00 Vacuum 0.00 2.00Hydr
64、ocracking-residue 0.40 6.00 Visbreaking 0.25 2.7510Eni World Energy Review 2022 Natural Gas-RenewablesThe sources of the data are:Cedigaz,DECC,EIA DOE,Enerdata,International Energy Agency(IEA),International Renewable Energy Agency(IRENA),IHS Global Insight,Italian Ministry for Ecological Transition,
65、Norwegian Petroleum Directorate,Oil&Gas Journal,OPEC,Wood MacKenzie and other official sources.Blank spaces in the tables indicate that the figure was not available,zero indicates a figure that is not significant(except for the two chapters“Imports by Country of Origin”and“LNG Liquefaction and Regas
66、ification Capacity”in the section“Natural Gas”and for the whole section“Renewables”).Total may differ from the sum of the individual figures as a result of rounding up/down.Percentages have been calculated before rounding.In all the chapters of natural gas,the figures of some countries may include n
67、atural gas from non conventional sources and others sources of supply.The figures for“Reserves”of natural gas refer to proven reserves as at 31st December.The figures for other chapters indicate annual ave-rages.In the chapters“Production”,“Consumption”,“Exports”and“Imports”of natural gas,figures ar
68、e assessed by using the same calorific value per cubic metre(40 MJ/cm,GCV),in order to make data among countries comparable.In the chapter“Production”of natural gas,the figures concern traded production and do not include quantities of flared,dispersed or re-injected gas.In the chapter“Imports”of na
69、tural gas,the figure reported as total imports for a single country may differ from the sum of“Imports by LNG and pipeline”for the same country,because of the different sources and different calorific attached to the cubic metre.The imports of lique-fied natural gas cover only the dry marketable equ
70、ivalent after regasification.In all the chapters,the list of the“The world top 10 or 5”is drawn up by ordering the countries on the basis of the last available year.In the chapters“Reserves/Production Ratio”and“Production/Consumption Ratio”of natural gas,the list of the“The world top 10”is drawn up
71、by selecting the largest producers in the last available year and ordering them on the basis of the value of the reserves/production and production/consumption ratio.In the chapter“Per Capita Consumption”of natural gas,the list of the world top is drawn up by selecting the largest consumers in the l
72、ast available year and ordering them by the value of per capita consumption.In the chapter”Trade and Prices”of natural gas,the annual averages of gas prices are calculated by taking into account the delivery period of the quotations.Critical MineralsThe source of the data is U.S.Geological Survey.In
73、 all the chapters,the list of the“The World Top”is drawn up by ordering the countries on the basis of the last available year.11INTRODUCTION(28 thousand TWh)World Power Generation Mix 2021(*)(14,5 Gtoe)World Energy Mix 2021(*)(*)Enis estimates.SOLARWINDNUCLEAR23%GASBIOENERGYOIL AND OTHER NON-RENEWAB
74、LES15%HYDRO37%COAL2%3%4%6%10%5%5%10%NUCLEARRENEWABLESBIOMASS27%COAL24%29%OILGASWorld Energy Mix12Eni World Energy Review 2022 Oil-Supply and DemandRESERVESAreas and Aggregates The World Top 10 Reserves Holders CountriesPRODUCTIONAreas and Aggregates The World Top 10 Producers Countries The World Top
75、 10 Natural Gas Liquids ProducersRESERVES/PRODUCTION RATIOAreas and Aggregates The World Top 10 Producers Ranked by Reserves/Production Ratio Countries CONSUMPTIONAreas and Aggregates The World Top 10 ConsumersCountriesPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONAreas and Aggregates The World Top 10 Consumers Ranked by P
76、er Capita Consumption Ratio Countries PRODUCTION/CONSUMPTION RATIOAreas and Aggregates The World Top 10 Producers Ranked by Production/Consumption RatioCountries 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&C
77、O2 Data and other official data sources.-4.9%-0.3%0.0%0.1%0.5%0.8%-3.8%-0.5%-2.4%-0.5%-1.5%-0.1%-3.4%0.0%-0.3%-0.1%-0.6%0.3%4.8%-1.3%0.4%0.8%-3.6%-0.4%-0.1%0.5%0.0%0.6%-2.0%-0.2%Reserves(million barrels as at 31st December)Areas and Aggregates(*)EuropeRussia and Central AsiaMiddle EastAfricaAsia-Pac
78、ificAmericas-North America-Central South AmericaWorldEuropean Union 27MENAOECDNON OECDOPEC NON OPEC 18,106 14,565 15,265 14,415 14,849 15,747 15,496 14,873 14,143 121,633 144,121 140,704 144,608 144,913 145,541 146,130 146,133 146,133 754,313 793,956 802,907 807,784 804,688 803,248 863,503 865,516 8
79、69,609 111,954 125,244 126,833 127,106 125,882 125,042 123,534 122,885 118,206 42,887 47,668 46,915 46,764 47,028 47,018 47,014 46,247 45,157 323,575 539,335 546,594 544,591 551,641 556,705 554,933 544,293 536,299 203,063 200,029 206,742 205,741 213,782 217,785 216,232 206,300 199,232 120,511 339,30
80、6 339,851 338,849 337,860 338,920 338,701 337,993 337,068 1,372,467 1,664,887 1,679,218 1,685,268 1,689,001 1,693,300 1,750,609 1,739,946 1,729,546 3,367 3,314 2,958 2,790 2,770 2,761 2,760 2,723 2,854 812,328 858,179 867,370 872,157 869,002 867,434 927,638 929,651 933,744 241,644 232,485 234,628 23
81、1,522 238,734 243,079 241,440 231,215 222,838 1,130,824 1,432,402 1,444,590 1,453,746 1,450,268 1,450,221 1,509,169 1,508,730 1,506,707 899,653 1,165,844 1,180,767 1,187,345 1,183,674 1,182,528 1,241,281 1,242,377 1,241,819 472,814 499,043 498,451 497,923 505,327 510,772 509,328 497,569 487,72716Eni
82、 World Energy Review 2022 Reserves1,729,546 million barrels as at 31st December World Oil Reserves(2021)357,078 million barrels as at 31st DecemberWorld Oil Reserves Growth(2005-2021)-50,00050,0000100,000150,000200,000250,0-20152015-2021EUROPEASIA-PACIFICAFRICARUSSIA and C.ASIANORTH A
83、MERICACENTRAL SOUTH AMERICAMIDDLE EAST1%3%7%8%50%CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICAMIDDLE EASTEUROPEASIA-PACIFICAFRICARUSSIA and C.ASIANORTH AMERICACENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA12%19%17OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDReserves(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(million barrels as at 31st Dece
84、mber)The World Top 10(2021)NigeriaUnited Arab EmiratesRussiaVenezuelaLibyaSaudi ArabiaKuwaitIraqIranCanada17.5%15.4%12.1%9.6%8.4%6.4%6.2%5.9%2.8%2.1%The World Top 10 Reserves Holders(*)0.0%0.2%0.0%0.1%0.0%3.0%-1.3%-0.5%0.0%0.1%3.7%1.2%0.0%0.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.2%0.4%0.0%0.1%0.5%-5.0%-0.4%-0.6%0.3%Venezu
85、elaSaudi ArabiaIranCanadaIraqUnited Arab EmiratesRussia KuwaitLibyaNigeriaThe World Top 10Rest of the World World 80,012 296,501 300,878 302,250 302,809 303,806 303,806 303,561 303,468 264,211 264,516 266,455 266,208 266,260 267,026 267,073 267,082 267,192 136,270 151,170 158,400 157,200 155,600 155
86、,600 208,600 208,600 208,600 180,044 174,848 171,512 170,528 171,792 170,732 169,125 168,088 165,916 115,000 143,100 142,503 148,766 147,223 145,019 145,019 145,019 145,019 97,800 97,800 97,800 97,800 97,800 97,800 105,000 107,000 111,000 104,405 105,800 102,375 106,283 106,592 107,221 107,804 107,8
87、04 107,804 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 41,464 47,097 48,363 48,363 48,363 48,363 48,363 48,363 48,363 36,220 37,200 37,062 37,453 37,453 36,972 36,890 36,910 37,050 1,156,926 1,419,532 1,426,849 1,436,351 1,435,391 1,434,039 1,493,180 1,493,927 1,495,912 2
88、15,542 245,355 252,370 248,917 253,610 259,261 257,428 246,019 233,633 1,372,467 1,664,887 1,679,218 1,685,268 1,689,001 1,693,300 1,750,609 1,739,946 1,729,546 Share of World(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data and other official data sources.18Eni World Energy Re
89、view 2022 Reserves(million barrels as at 31st December)Countries(*)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021-4.9%-0.3%0.0%0.6%-3.4%0.3%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%-3.0%-6.8%109.3%7.6%13.8%-6.1%0.0%0.6%9.9%1.4%6.3%0.4%0.0%0.6%-47.0%-5.1%-4.6%0.9%-5.3%0.1%0.0%0.0%
90、0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%1.4%0.7%0.0%0.6%-20.0%-3.0%18,106 14,565 15,265 14,415 14,849 15,747 15,496 14,873 14,143 200 289 309 301 292 289 301 307 307 63 73 78 76 73 73 76 77 75 200 287 308 299 291 287 299 306 306 15 22 23 23 22 22 23 23 23 70 106 113 110 107 106 110 113 113 15 22 23 23 22 22 23 23 2
91、3 1,277 899 491 440 428 440 428 428 415 160 147 157 153 148 146 153 156 326 371 301 249 235 205 213 205 132 150 7 15 16 15 15 15 15 15 15 104 39 42 41 40 39 41 42 46 443 559 595 521 571 554 532 547 582 12 17 19 18 18 17 18 19 19 107 145 155 151 147 145 151 154 82 9,688 6,804 8,005 7,601 7,918 8,645
92、8,523 7,902 7,534 97 139 149 145 141 139 145 148 140 458 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 79 113 121 118 114 113 118 120 120 9 13 14 14 13 13 14 14 14 160 218 233 227 220 218 227 232 232 303 380 407 396 384 380 396 405 410 399 573 614 597 580 573 597 610 610 3,870 2,805 2,542 2,313 2,500 2,700 2,500
93、2,500 2,000EuropeAlbaniaAustriaBelarusBulgariaCroatiaCzech RepublicDenmarkFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItaly(*)LithuaniaNetherlandsNorwayPolandRomaniaSerbiaSlovakiaSpainTurkeyUkraineUnited Kingdom(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data and other official data sources.(*)
94、TheoriginaldataarefromItalianMinistryforEcologicalTransition.TheyhavebeenconvertedbyEniconsidering1tonofoilequalto7.3barrels.19OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMAND(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data and other official data sources.Reserves(million barrels as at 31st December)Cou
95、ntries(*)754,313 793,956 802,907 807,784 804,688 803,248 863,503 865,516 869,609 126 181 194 189 183 181 189 193 176 136,270 151,170 158,400 157,200 155,600 155,600 208,600 208,600 208,600 115,000 143,100 142,503 148,766 147,223 145,019 145,019 145,019 145,019 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 101
96、,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 101,500 5,572 5,500 5,306 5,373 5,373 5,373 5,373 5,373 5,373 27,910 24,684 25,244 25,244 25,244 25,244 25,244 25,244 25,244 264,211 264,516 266,455 266,208 266,260 267,026 267,073 267,082 267,192 3,000 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
97、2,500 2,500 97,800 97,800 97,800 97,800 97,800 97,800 105,000 107,000 111,000 2,921 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000Middle EastBahrainIranIraqIsraelJordanKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaUnited Arab EmiratesYemen 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 0.5%0.8%-8.9%-0.3%0.0%3.0%0.
98、0%0.1%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%9.0%0.0%0.2%0.0%0.1%0.0%0.0%3.7%1.2%0.0%0.0%(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR(2021-2020)(2021-2010)2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 0.0%0.1%0.0%0.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%121,633 144,121 140,704 144,608 144,913 145,541 146,1
99、30 146,133 146,133 104,405 105,800 102,375 106,283 106,592 107,221 107,804 107,804 107,804 7,000 7,000 7,000 7,000 7,000 7,000 7,000 7,000 7,000 35 51 54 53 51 51 53 54 54 9,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 30,000 40 58 62 60 59 58 61 62 62 12 17 19 18 18 17 18 19 19 546 600 600
100、600 600 600 600 600 600 594 594 594 594 594 594 594 594 594Russia and Central AsiaRussiaAzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTajikistanTurkmenistanUzbekistany/y CAGR20Eni World Energy Review 2022 ReservesCountries(*)(million barrels as at 31st December)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2
101、016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021-3.8%-0.5%0.0%0.0%-65.2%-11.0%0.0%4.0%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.0%0.0%-0.9%0.0%0.6%-37.2%-3.6%0.0%-3.2%0.0%-3.9%0.0%0.0%0.0%-0.2%0.0%0.2%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.2%0.0%0.4%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.6%0.0%100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.1%111,954 125,244 126,833 127,106 125,882 125,042 123,534 122,885 118,2
102、06 12,270 12,200 12,200 12,200 12,200 12,200 12,200 12,200 12,200 9,050 9,055 9,524 9,523 8,384 8,160 7,783 7,231 2,516 9 8 12 11 12 12 12 12 12 404 290 311 302 293 290 303 309 309 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,905 2,000 2,982 2,982 2,982 2,982 1,947 1,811 1,811 101 145 155
103、 151 147 145 151 154 154 189 261 280 272 264 261 272 278 175 3,720 4,500 3,473 3,384 3,325 3,197 3,146 3,146 3,146 1,805 1,705 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 2,146 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 17 677 660 660 660 660 660 660 660 41,464 47,097 48,363 48,363 48,363 48,363
104、48,363 48,363 48,363 0 145 155 151 147 145 151 154 154 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 0 0 147 147 145 147 147 147 147 36,220 37,200 37,062 37,453 37,453 36,972 36,890 36,910 37,050 0 0 440 440 440 440 440 440 440 16 22 23 23 22 22 23 23 23 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 563
105、5,000 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 560 425 425 425 425 425 425 425 425 0 997 1,004 1,004 1,004 1,004 1,004 1,004 1,004 AfricaAlgeriaAngolaBeninCameroonChadCongoCte dIvoireDem.Rep.CongoEgyptEquatorial GuineaGabonGhanaLibyaMauritaniaMoroccoMozambiqueNigerNigeriaSierra LeoneSouth AfricaSou
106、th SudanSudanTunisiaUganda(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data and other official data sources.21OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDReserves(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data and other official data sources.(million barrels as at 31st Decembe
107、r)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021-2.4%-0.5%0.0%-26.3%-6.8%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.0%1.8%1.2%-20.3%-4.2%-1.6%-4.4%0.0%0.6%0.0%-0.3%0.0%32.2%0.0%0.6%1.7%0.7%0.0%0.6%-10.2%-0.4%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%17.8%-3.5%0.0%0.0%42,887 47,668 46,915 46,764 47,028 47,018 47,014 46,247 45
108、,157 0 0 0 0 88 88 88 88 88 3,718 3,831 2,390 2,390 2,390 2,390 2,390 2,390 1,762 28 41 44 42 41 41 42 43 43 1,105 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 1,100 18,250 23,268 25,626 25,664 25,948 26,190 25,963 25,963 26,430 5,919 5,833 4,790 4,680 4,550 4,480 4,660 4,540 3,618 4,188 3,990 3,230 3,
109、230 3,310 3,170 3,150 2,480 2,440 60 64 68 66 65 64 67 68 68 5,252 3,739 3,600 3,600 3,600 3,600 3,600 3,600 3,600 15 15 257 257 257 257 315 315 315 50 73 78 76 73 73 76 77 77 54 87 93 91 88 87 91 93 94 292 454 487 473 459 454 473 483 483 242 128 137 133 129 128 133 136 122 140 202 216 210 204 202 2
110、10 215 215 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 453 442 396 349 323 293 253 253 298 3,119 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400Asia-PacificAfghanistanAustraliaBangladeshBruneiChinaIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaMongoliaMyanmarNew ZealandPakistanPapua New GuineaPhilippinesTaiwanThailandVietnamCountries(*)(2021-20
111、20)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021-1.5%-0.1%-2.9%-0.4%-0.6%0.5%0.0%0.6%0.0%0.6%-6.5%-2.0%-1.3%-0.5%0.0%0.6%-10.6%-0.4%0.0%0.6%0.0%1.3%-16.7%-1.1%3.6%-5.3%-2.0%-4.7%0.4%0.6%0.0%-10.6%-12.8%2.6%0.0%0.2%323,575 539,335 546,594 544,591 551,641 556,705 554,933 544,293 536
112、,299 2,180 2,524 2,395 2,162 2,017 2,387 2,483 2,483 2,411 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 10 11 11 10 10 11 11 11 445 675 723 702 682 674 703 718 718 11,773 13,987 13,034 12,666 12,835 13,239 12,713 11,925 11,152 180,044 174,848 171,512 170,528 171,792 170,732 169,125 168,088 165,916 151 218 233 227 220 218 22
113、7 232 232 1,453 1,900 2,308 2,002 1,665 1,782 1,960 2,036 1,820 757 180 193 187 182 180 188 192 192 5,180 7,206 8,273 8,273 8,273 8,273 8,273 8,273 8,273 93 120 129 125 122 120 126 128 107 16,470 13,796 9,632 8,652 7,695 7,010 7,042 7,319 7,584 1,078 1,240 1,187 1,225 985 859 803 746 732 112 116 124
114、 121 117 116 121 124 124 803 830 728 243 243 243 243 243 243 23,019 25,181 35,230 35,213 41,990 47,053 47,107 38,212 33,315 80,012 296,501 300,878 302,250 302,809 303,806 303,806 303,561 303,468AmericasArgentinaBarbadosBelizeBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaCubaEcuadorGuatemalaMexicoPeruSurinameTrini
115、dad and TobagoUnited StatesVenezuela22Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services data.All rights reserved.-4.7%-1.9%2.1%0.2%1.2%0.9%5.3%-2.9%-1.1%-1.1%1.7%3.1%2.0%6.5%0.8%-2.4%1.4%0.7%-5.0%-3.7%3.9%0.5%0.6%3.7%1.8%-0.4%2.5%-0.5%0.8%1.5%2005 20
116、10 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGRCrude and non conventional oil,natural gas liquids(thousand barrels/day)Areas and Aggregates(*)EuropeRussia and Central AsiaMiddle EastAfricaAsia-PacificAmericas-North America-Central South AmericaWorldEuropean Union 27MENAOECDNON OE
117、CDOPEC NON OPEC 5,892 4,408 3,714 3,733 3,686 3,671 3,565 3,766 3,588 11,700 13,414 13,949 14,123 14,233 14,488 14,554 13,411 13,686 25,563 25,366 29,671 31,416 30,959 31,495 30,023 27,596 27,934 9,906 10,240 8,323 7,796 8,205 8,298 8,456 7,029 7,404 7,960 8,376 8,316 7,997 7,779 7,646 7,694 7,509 7
118、,423 21,067 21,550 27,996 27,114 27,783 29,609 31,069 29,742 30,247 10,203 11,217 17,554 17,121 18,284 20,897 22,816 21,905 22,348 10,864 10,333 10,442 9,993 9,499 8,712 8,253 7,837 7,899 82,088 83,355 91,971 92,178 92,644 95,207 95,361 89,053 90,282 888 715 616 543 543 532 494 497 472 29,937 29,531
119、 32,450 34,164 34,051 34,729 33,343 29,970 31,140 20,868 19,523 24,886 24,447 25,342 27,870 29,627 28,937 29,113 61,220 63,832 67,084 67,731 67,303 67,337 65,733 60,116 61,169 33,935 33,309 36,030 37,097 36,821 36,788 34,961 30,800 31,578 48,152 50,046 55,941 55,081 55,824 58,420 60,399 58,253 58,70
120、3Production23OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMAND90,282 thousandbarrels/dayWorld Oil Production(2021)4%8%8%9%EUROPEAFRICA ASIA-PACIFICCENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA31%25%15%MIDDLE EASTNORTH AMERICARUSSIA and C.ASIAWorld Oil Production Growth(2005-2021)8,194thousandbarrels/day-4,0000-2,0002,0004,0006,0008,00010,00012,00014,
121、0-20152015-2021EUROPEAFRICAASIA-PACIFICCENTRAL SOUTH AMERICARUSSIA and C.ASIANORTH AMERICAMIDDLE EASTProduction24Eni World Energy Review 2022 The World Top 10(2021)KuwaitIraqBrazilUnited StatesIranSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesChinaRussiaCanada18.5%12.2%12.0%6.2%4.6%4.5%3.9%3.8%3.3%
122、3.0%(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.Share of World The World Top 10 Producers(*)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 1.0%7.2%-0.6%0.9%2.5%0.4%5.2%4.5%-0.4%4.9%2.2%0.0%-3.6%2.1%16.4%-1.9%-1.3%3.1%0.1%0.8%1.6%2.5%0.9%-2.6%1.4
123、%0.7%United StatesSaudi ArabiaRussiaCanadaIraqChinaUnited Arab EmiratesIranBrazilKuwaitThe World Top 10Rest of the World World 7,078 7,758 13,018 12,506 13,294 15,489 17,206 16,556 16,723 10,927 9,971 12,045 12,344 11,876 12,345 11,914 11,106 11,036 9,636 10,390 11,084 11,328 11,321 11,494 11,582 10
124、,607 10,867 3,125 3,458 4,536 4,615 4,990 5,408 5,610 5,349 5,625 1,833 2,430 4,078 4,503 4,563 4,663 4,812 4,148 4,132 3,596 4,038 4,271 3,982 3,892 3,848 3,921 3,970 4,060 2,994 2,831 3,762 3,848 3,740 3,801 4,009 3,694 3,561 4,200 4,215 3,573 4,402 4,722 4,552 3,290 2,918 3,396 1,708 2,152 2,547
125、2,628 2,755 2,713 2,897 3,044 3,004 2,548 2,498 3,097 3,194 3,014 3,050 2,987 2,717 2,719 47,645 49,741 62,011 63,350 64,167 67,362 68,228 64,108 65,123 34,443 33,614 29,959 28,828 28,478 27,845 27,133 24,944 25,159 82,088 83,355 91,971 92,178 92,644 95,207 95,361 89,053 90,282 Crude and non convent
126、ional oil,natural gas liquids(thousand barrels/day)Production25OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMAND(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.Crude and non conventional oil,natural gas liquids(thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Production(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2
127、017 2018 2019 2020 2021-4.7%-1.9%-6.8%2.0%1.7%-5.8%-1.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%-4.5%-3.3%0.4%2.0%-6.0%-11.0%-4.7%7.2%16.4%-0.4%-21.1%-2.2%-35.6%-5.9%9.4%-1.0%-3.0%0.9%-2.9%-5.0%1.7%-0.4%-8.0%1.2%-93.5%-25.6%-4.2%-2.5%-6.8%-1.0%13.5%0.5%-76.1%-33.5%7.7%2.9%-0.2%-3.3%-17.5%-3.8%5,892 4,408 3,714 3,733 3,686 3,67
128、1 3,565 3,766 3,588 7 13 23 19 17 16 18 17 16 19 21 17 15 14 13 13 11 11 36 34 33 33 32 34 34 34 34 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 20 18 14 15 15 15 14 13 12 6 5 7 5 7 6 5 6 6 388 255 157 141 138 116 102 75 71 5 10 16 14 18 22 23 23 22 25 42 31 31 30 21 34 35 40 78 76 67 68 67 67 62 76 60 2 2 1 3 3 4 3 2 1 32 25
129、 18 21 22 23 23 20 22 121 97 131 96 97 110 89 111 108 47 33 36 24 24 23 18 20 19 2,962 2,138 1,948 1,995 1,969 1,850 1,740 2,007 2,041 25 24 28 22 24 32 30 30 28 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 112 89 82 78 74 73 73 70 67 13 17 20 18 18 17 17 16 15 4 4 5 4 6 3 3 3 4 3 12 5 3 2 2 1 1 0 43 48 48 49 49 55 58 62 66 9
130、7 79 54 50 49 51 55 54 54 1,845 1,365 972 1,026 1,009 1,116 1,150 1,078 889 EuropeAlbaniaAustriaBelarusBulgariaCroatiaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaSerbiaSlovakiaSpainTurkeyUkraineUnited Kingdom(2021-2020)(2021-2010)2005 2010 2015 20
131、16 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2.1%0.2%2.5%0.4%0.7%-3.5%-6.6%-9.1%0.5%0.8%-6.7%-2.3%0.3%5.0%-1.1%0.7%7.5%-5.4%11,700 13,414 13,949 14,123 14,233 14,488 14,554 13,411 13,686 9,636 10,390 11,084 11,328 11,321 11,494 11,582 10,607 10,867 449 1,042 849 829 784 793 765 699 704 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,293 1,694
132、1,694 1,669 1,848 1,937 1,942 1,836 1,846 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 210 211 268 247 232 219 223 229 227 108 75 52 48 46 43 40 38 41Russia and Central AsiaRussiaAzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTajikistanTurkmenistanUzbekistany/y CAGR26Eni World Energy Review 2022 ProductionCountries(*)
133、25,563 25,366 29,671 31,416 30,959 31,495 30,023 27,596 27,934 198 192 213 213 210 208 208 181 185 4,200 4,215 3,573 4,402 4,722 4,552 3,290 2,918 3,396 1,833 2,430 4,078 4,503 4,563 4,663 4,812 4,148 4,132 2,548 2,498 3,097 3,194 3,014 3,050 2,987 2,717 2,719 777 871 988 1,012 978 986 979 957 979 1
134、,216 1,668 1,856 1,859 1,787 1,800 1,724 1,771 1,822 10,927 9,971 12,045 12,344 11,876 12,345 11,914 11,106 11,036 448 385 27 25 25 24 34 43 43 2,994 2,831 3,762 3,848 3,740 3,801 4,009 3,694 3,561 421 306 32 16 44 67 67 60 60Middle EastBahrainIranIraqKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaUnited Arab Emir
135、atesYemen 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 1.2%0.9%2.1%-0.3%16.4%-1.9%-0.4%4.9%0.1%0.8%2.3%1.1%2.9%0.8%-0.6%0.9%1.1%-18.0%-3.6%2.1%-1.1%-13.8%(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 9,906 10,240 8,323 7,796 8,205 8,298 8,456 7,029 7,404 1,931 1,720 1,590 1,605 1,530 1,512 1,490 1,356 1,373 1,245
136、1,800 1,796 1,743 1,701 1,543 1,449 1,328 1,178 89 64 93 92 76 69 71 73 68 170 120 139 129 112 128 118 106 96 247 313 234 217 266 331 339 303 275 40 39 26 32 40 33 36 28 28 25 22 21 19 24 23 23 22 21 649 700 696 664 639 649 633 597 571 380 311 276 231 212 208 196 190 180 270 249 230 227 200 190 212
137、198 182 6 7 106 92 157 177 207 196 166 1,721 1,661 437 426 877 1,029 1,159 384 1,225 0 9 5 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 14 15 16 15 14 12 2,546 2,535 2,246 1,928 1,986 2,030 2,123 1,879 1,681 208 141 106 103 106 102 104 92 98 0 0 148 137 147 144 172 165 153 305 465 105 81 67 71 69 61 62 73 84 55 53 46 43 39 3
138、7 38AfricaAlgeriaAngolaCameroonChadCongoCte dIvoireDem.Rep.CongoEgyptEquatorial GuineaGabonGhanaLibyaMauritaniaNiger NigeriaSouth AfricaSouth SudanSudanTunisia 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 5.3%-2.9%1.2%-2.0%-11.3%-3.8%-7.6%0.5%-9.8%-2.0%-9.3%-1.2%-0.4%-3.0%-4.9%-0.3%-4.4%-1.8%-5.7%-4
139、.9%-8.4%-2.8%-15.1%33.6%218.7%-2.7%-100.0%-9.6%-10.5%-3.7%6.6%-3.3%-7.3%0.9%-16.8%3.1%-7.0%(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGRCrude and non conventional oil,natural gas liquids(thousand barrels/day)(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.27OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDProductionCoun
140、tries(*)Crude and non conventional oil,natural gas liquids(thousand barrels/day)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021-1.1%-1.1%-2.9%-2.0%-3.0%3.7%-1.2%-3.9%2.2%0.0%0.0%-15.4%-2.9%-1.7%-7.0%-3.3%-3.6%-5.4%-6.3%-2.1%-4.9%9.8%-3.0%-7.5%-11.2%-8.2%-2.4%3.0%-5.4%1.4%
141、-3.0%-5.7%9.0%5.4%-7.5%0.0%-6.2%-4.2%7,960 8,376 8,316 7,997 7,779 7,646 7,694 7,509 7,423 545 549 371 345 315 342 453 453 440 3 7 8 11 12 12 11 11 10 206 169 127 121 113 111 121 110 109 3,596 4,038 4,271 3,982 3,892 3,848 3,921 3,970 4,060 89 88 45 30 21 15 23 14 14 778 880 872 852 861 845 803 750
142、728 1,086 991 817 866 824 798 772 734 683 19 18 12 11 12 10 11 10 10 778 717 701 737 729 723 670 604 566 1 6 24 22 20 19 18 18 17 22 18 11 11 11 9 8 8 8 24 60 48 41 37 30 30 26 23 75 72 100 102 106 106 104 102 100 54 32 58 56 50 36 35 39 37 15 20 15 15 13 13 11 11 10 10 21 22 24 25 29 28 34 37 1 0 0
143、 0 0 0 0 0 0 289 382 452 462 457 446 443 411 380 371 308 363 310 280 252 232 204 191Asia-PacificAustraliaBangladeshBruneiChinaEast TimorIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaMongoliaMyanmarNew ZealandPakistanPapua New GuineaPhilippinesSouth KoreaTaiwanThailandVietnam(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Ser
144、vices.All rights reserved.21,067 21,550 27,996 27,114 27,783 29,609 31,069 29,742 30,247 807 734 650 625 595 621 647 609 644 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 50 56 78 78 76 72 68 64 63 1,708 2,152 2,547 2,628 2,755 2,713 2,897 3,044 3,004 3,125 3,458 4,536 4,615 4,990 5,408 5,610 5,349 5,625 8 13 6 5 6 9 12 9 9 52
145、8 788 1,014 906 862 873 893 788 744 53 55 53 48 48 47 42 40 38 536 470 548 555 537 523 536 484 477 18 11 10 8 9 9 9 8 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 70 110 3,766 2,959 2,597 2,463 2,229 2,073 1,928 1,926 1,952 116 156 150 134 133 133 140 125 121 12 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 15 171 148 109 97 99 87 82 76 75 7,078 7,758
146、13,018 12,506 13,294 15,489 17,206 16,556 16,723 3,093 2,775 2,665 2,429 2,133 1,534 982 578 641AmericasArgentinaBarbadosBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaCubaEcuadorGuatemalaGuyanaMexicoPeruSurinameTrinidad and TobagoUnited StatesVenezuela 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 1.7%3.1%5.8%-1.2
147、%-5.0%-5.6%-1.3%1.2%-1.3%3.1%5.2%4.5%-6.4%-4.0%-5.6%-0.5%-6.6%-3.4%-1.6%0.1%-9.5%-3.2%56.4%1.3%-3.7%-3.2%-2.3%-4.9%-0.1%-1.9%-6.1%1.0%7.2%11.0%-12.5%(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR28Eni World Energy Review 2022 The World Top 10 Natural Gas Liquids Producers(*)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010
148、2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 4.3%9.1%0.9%0.6%6.1%4.7%6.0%6.1%1.3%4.5%0.8%-1.0%2.5%0.5%-3.8%-2.4%1.5%2.9%0.2%3.9%3.2%4.7%-5.0%-2.1%1.9%3.3%United StatesSaudi ArabiaCanadaIranUnited Arab EmiratesAlgeriaQatarNigeriaRussiaKuwaitThe World Top 10Rest of the World World 1,717 2,074 3,342 3,509 3,783
149、4,369 4,825 5,175 5,397 1,493 1,710 1,805 1,848 1,838 1,939 1,890 1,816 1,833 668 608 708 792 839 904 961 949 1,007 321 510 727 850 910 973 931 922 977 536 520 816 798 807 803 832 831 842 603 515 481 494 483 470 466 458 462 258 339 351 351 351 351 351 351 360 141 464 459 446 443 413 377 369 355 145
150、251 365 364 341 333 332 338 343 125 200 310 310 307 305 305 303 303 6,008 7,190 9,363 9,762 10,102 10,860 11,269 11,512 11,879 2,263 2,448 2,254 2,256 2,297 2,235 2,199 2,035 1,932 8,272 9,638 11,617 12,018 12,399 13,095 13,467 13,547 13,811(thousand barrels/day)Production(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Mon
151、thly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.The World Top 10(2021)United Arab EmiratesRussiaKuwaitNigeriaSaudi ArabiaUnited StatesQatarAlgeriaCanadaIran13.3%39.1%7.3%7.1%6.1%3.3%2.6%2.6%2.5%2.2%Share of World 29OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDReserves/Production Ratio(years)Areas and Aggregates(*)(*)Data source
152、:Enis calculations on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.111724EUROPEASIA-PACIFICNORTH AMERICA117854429CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICAMIDDLE EASTAFRICARUSSIA AND C.ASIAWorld:52yearsYearsReserves/ProductionRatio(2021)8 9
153、 11 11 11 12 12 11 11 28 29 28 28 28 28 28 30 29 81 86 74 70 71 70 79 86 85 31 34 42 45 42 41 40 48 44 15 16 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 42 69 53 55 54 52 49 50 49 55 49 32 33 32 29 26 26 24 30 90 89 93 97 107 112 118 117 46 55 50 50 50 49 50 54 52 10 13 13 14 14 14 15 15 17 74 80 73 70 70 68 76 85 82 32 3
154、3 26 26 26 24 22 22 21 51 61 59 59 59 59 63 69 67 73 96 90 88 88 88 97 111 108 27 27 24 25 25 24 23 23 23EuropeRussia and Central AsiaMiddle EastAfricaAsia-PacificAmericas-North America-Central South AmericaWorldEuropean Union 27MENAOECDNON OECDOPEC NON OPEC 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2
155、02130Eni World Energy Review 2022 Reserves/Production RatioTheWorldTop10ProducersRankedbyReserves/ProductionRatio(*)IranKuwaitIraqUnited Arab EmiratesCanadaSaudi ArabiaRussiaChinaBrazilUnited States 89 98 121 98 90 94 174 196 168 109 111 90 87 92 91 93 102 102 172 161 96 91 88 85 83 96 96 89 95 71 7
156、0 72 70 72 79 85 158 139 104 101 94 86 83 86 81 66 73 61 59 61 59 61 66 66 30 28 25 26 26 26 26 28 27 14 16 16 18 18 19 18 18 18 19 18 14 13 13 13 12 11 10 9 9 7 8 9 8 8 6 5(years)The World Top 10(2021)CanadaBrazilUnited StatesChinaKuwaitIranRussiaSaudi ArabiaIraqUnited Arab Emirates16627
157、18105(*)Data source:Enis calculations on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Years31OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDCountries(*)Reserves/Production Ratio(years)(*)Data source:En
158、is calculations on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.8 9 11 11 11 12 12 11 11 78 61 37 43 47 49 46 49 52 9 9 12 14 14 15 17 20 19 15 23 26 25 25 23 24 24 25 42 60 64 62 60 60 62 63 63 9 16 23 20 20 20 21 24 2
159、5 7 12 9 11 8 10 13 10 10 9 10 9 9 8 10 11 16 16 18 10 14 13 13 19 12 12 22 13 11 10 9 8 9 9 5 7 9 17 34 13 14 10 12 23 36 9 4 6 5 5 5 5 6 6 10 16 12 15 16 14 16 13 15 6 12 12 17 17 17 23 22 12 9 9 11 10 11 13 13 11 10 11 16 15 18 16 12 13 14 14 11 19 20 21 22 22 23 23 24 17 18 17 18 17 18 19 20 22
160、6 10 9 10 6 12 13 12 10 129 51 135 217 251 331 763 1,156 19 22 23 22 21 19 19 18 17 11 20 31 32 33 31 30 31 31 6 6 7 6 7 7 6 6 6EuropeAlbaniaAustriaBelarusBulgariaCroatiaCzech RepublicDenmarkFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandRomaniaSerbiaSlovakiaSpainTurkeyUkraineUnited Kingdom 2
161、005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 28 29 28 28 28 28 28 30 29 30 28 25 26 26 26 26 28 27 43 18 23 23 24 24 25 27 27 73 165 292 19 49 49 49 44 42 42 45 45 51 175 140 151 162 177 203 224 240 7 8 6 7 7 8 7 7 7 15 22 31 34 35 38 41 43 40Russia and Central AsiaRussiaAzerbaijanGeorgia KazakhstanK
162、yrgyzstanTurkmenistanUzbekistan 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 202132Eni World Energy Review 2022 Reserves/Production RatioCountries(*)(years)2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Middle EastBahrainIranIraqKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaUnited Arab EmiratesYemen 81 86 74 70 71 70 79
163、86 85 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 89 98 121 98 90 94 174 196 168 172 161 96 91 88 85 83 96 96 109 111 90 87 92 91 93 102 102 20 17 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 63 41 37 37 39 38 40 39 38 66 73 61 59 61 59 61 66 66 18 18 258 272 278 285 204 159 157 89 95 71 70 72 70 72 79 85 19 27 257 505 187 124 123 136 138 2005 2010
164、 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021AfricaAlgeriaAngolaCameroonChadCongoCte dIvoireDem.Rep.CongoEgyptEquatorial GuineaGabonGhanaLibyaMauritaniaNigerNigeriaSouth SudanSudanTunisia 31 34 42 45 42 41 40 48 44 17 19 21 21 22 22 22 25 24 20 14 15 15 14 14 15 15 6 12 12 9 9 11 12 12 12 12 24 34 30 32 37 32
165、 35 39 43 21 18 35 38 31 25 16 16 18 7 10 16 13 10 12 11 15 15 21 33 37 39 30 31 32 34 23 16 18 14 14 14 13 14 14 15 13 15 11 13 14 15 15 16 17 22 22 24 24 27 29 26 28 30 8 271 17 20 11 10 9 9 11 66 78 303 311 151 129 114 345 108 43 92 99 117 26 29 26 25 27 30 33 39 40 45 53 52 50 48 54 60 65 70 65
166、66 56 58 63 5 29 39 51 61 58 59 67 67 21 14 21 22 26 27 30 32 31(*)Data source:Enis calculations on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.33OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDCountries(*)(years)Reserves/Production Ratio 2005 2
167、010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 15 16 15 16 17 17 17 17 17 19 19 18 19 21 19 14 14 11 26 16 15 11 9 9 11 11 11 15 18 24 25 27 27 25 27 28 14 16 16 18 18 19 18 18 18 21 18 15 15 14 15 16 17 14 11 11 11 10 11 11 11 9 10 9 10 15 16 15 17 17 18 19 18 14 14 13 14 14 15 16 17 74 7 29 32 35 36 47 49
168、 52 6 11 19 19 18 22 26 27 28 6 4 5 6 6 8 8 10 11 11 17 13 13 12 12 12 13 13 12 11 6 7 7 10 10 9 9 26 28 39 38 43 42 52 54 56 12 4 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 23 39 33 39 43 48 52 59 63Asia-PacificAustraliaBangladeshBruneiChinaIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaMongolia MyanmarNew ZealandPakistanPapua New GuineaPhilipp
169、inesTaiwanThailandVietnam 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 42 69 53 55 54 52 49 50 49 7 9 10 9 9 11 11 11 10 8 8 12 12 13 13 14 15 16 25 33 25 25 25 26 29 31 31 19 18 14 13 13 13 12 11 10 158 139 104 101 94 86 83 86 81 54 45 102 120 97 66 53 69 74 8 7 6 6 5 6 6 7 7 39 9 10 11 10 10 12 13
170、 14 26 42 41 41 42 43 42 47 48 14 30 35 43 37 37 38 41 38 12 13 10 10 9 9 10 10 11 25 22 22 25 20 18 16 16 17 26 21 21 21 20 20 21 22 23 13 15 18 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 9 7 8 9 8 8 6 5 71 293 309 341 389 542 848 1,440 1,297Americas ArgentinaBarbadosBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaCubaEcuadorGuatemalaMexicoPe
171、ruSurinameTrinidad and TobagoUnited StatesVenezuela(*)Data source:Enis calculations on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.34Eni World Energy Review 2022 Consumption(thousand barrels/day)Areas and Aggregates(*)
172、2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)(*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services data.All rights reserved.5.0%-1.0%7.0%2.3%4.0%0.9%5.5%1.0%5.9%2.4%7.5%0.0%7.9%0.2%6.3%-0.5%6.1%0.9%5.1%-1.2%4.6%0.7%6.3%-0.4%6.0%2.2%4.7%0.6%6.2%0.9%EuropeRussia a
173、nd Central AsiaMiddle EastAfricaAsia-PacificAmericas-North America-Central South AmericaWorldEuropean Union 27MENAOECDNON OECDOPEC NON OPEC 17,093 15,921 14,955 15,181 15,565 15,476 15,506 13,563 14,243 3,310 3,424 4,213 4,086 4,259 4,269 4,311 4,108 4,394 6,140 7,932 8,973 8,936 9,029 8,949 8,945 8
174、,408 8,741 2,910 3,607 4,191 4,139 4,163 4,217 4,251 3,819 4,030 24,298 27,540 32,207 32,978 34,194 34,890 35,600 33,858 35,855 30,807 30,218 31,123 31,132 31,268 31,664 31,825 28,163 30,262 23,484 21,755 22,127 22,292 22,505 23,115 23,212 20,651 22,273 7,323 8,463 8,996 8,840 8,763 8,549 8,613 7,51
175、2 7,989 84,558 88,642 95,662 96,452 98,478 99,465 100,438 91,919 97,525 13,391 12,396 11,424 11,519 11,827 11,762 11,789 10,351 10,883 7,498 9,624 10,798 10,698 10,754 10,671 10,643 9,918 10,370 50,777 47,313 46,830 47,273 47,795 48,079 48,150 42,450 45,104 33,781 41,329 48,832 49,179 50,683 51,386
176、52,288 49,469 52,421 6,607 8,510 9,768 9,616 9,551 9,383 9,329 8,692 9,101 77,951 80,132 85,894 86,836 88,927 90,082 91,109 83,227 88,424y/y CAGR35OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDConsumption97,525 thousandbarrels/dayWorld Oil Consumption(2021)4%4%8%9%15%37%23%ASIA-PACIFICNORTH AMERICAAFRICARUSSIA and C.ASIACEN
177、TRAL SOUTH AMERICAMIDDLE EAST EUROPE12,967thousandbarrels/dayWorld Oil Consumption Growth(2005-2021)-4,000-2,0002,0004,0006,0008,00010,00012,00-20152015-2021AFRICARUSSIA and C.ASIACENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA MIDDLE EASTEUROPENORTH AMERICAASIA-PACIFIC36Eni World Energy Review 2022 Consumptio
178、nThe World Top 10 Consumers(*)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 8.6%0.2%8.6%5.0%3.8%3.1%7.0%2.4%0.8%1.0%2.7%-2.3%4.8%0.9%6.2%1.2%1.9%-0.1%-0.6%-1.3%6.4%1.4%5.6%0.0%6.1%0.9%United StatesChinaIndiaRussiaSaudi ArabiaJapanBrazilSouth KoreaCanadaGermanyThe World
179、Top 10Rest of the World World 21,168 19,391 19,687 19,827 20,042 20,595 20,583 18,348 19,926 6,766 9,031 11,639 12,013 12,574 13,122 13,905 14,298 15,521 2,639 3,366 4,288 4,493 4,764 4,927 4,991 4,540 4,711 2,732 2,828 3,472 3,308 3,496 3,494 3,568 3,421 3,661 1,941 3,121 3,836 3,818 3,701 3,558 3,
180、589 3,471 3,498 5,292 4,400 4,167 4,035 3,945 3,850 3,739 3,326 3,415 2,173 2,774 3,191 3,004 3,043 2,976 3,078 2,928 3,068 2,191 2,269 2,473 2,605 2,630 2,567 2,599 2,437 2,587 2,316 2,364 2,440 2,465 2,463 2,520 2,629 2,303 2,347 2,624 2,467 2,368 2,383 2,450 2,326 2,346 2,149 2,136 49,842 52,011
181、57,561 57,951 59,108 59,935 61,027 57,221 60,870 34,716 36,631 38,101 38,501 39,370 39,530 39,411 34,698 36,655 84,558 88,642 95,662 96,452 98,478 99,465 100,438 91,919 97,525(thousand barrels/day)(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.The World Top 10(2021)Saudi Arabi
182、aCanadaGermanySouth KoreaChinaUnited StatesBrazilJapanIndiaRussia20.4%15.9%4.8%3.8%3.6%3.5%3.1%2.7%2.4%2.2%Share of World 37OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDConsumption(thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 5.0%-1.0%3.7%0.7%3.4%-1.1%2.2%-0.6
183、%12.6%-0.2%0.0%-0.5%4.2%1.5%4.8%-1.5%4.3%-1.4%9.8%0.4%2.2%-1.6%3.8%0.0%-3.7%-1.6%8.5%-1.5%-0.6%-1.3%0.0%0.1%6.4%-3.0%6.6%1.6%-6.7%-0.6%5.2%-1.2%12.0%-2.4%0.0%2.9%5.7%0.0%4.7%1.6%3.9%-1.1%4.1%0.7%5.3%1.5%14.3%1.2%-6.4%-1.8%0.0%1.4%7.5%0.5%6.0%2.0%3.9%-2.3%4.8%2.8%4.1%-0.5%6.3%0.1%4.4%-1.4%9.4%-1.7%14
184、.3%-1.1%0.0%-3.1%6.4%3.5%2.2%-1.9%4.9%-2.2%17,093 15,921 14,955 15,181 15,565 15,476 15,506 13,563 14,243 29 26 26 28 30 27 29 27 28 297 278 258 262 263 269 279 238 246 149 151 139 137 137 151 146 138 141 660 653 623 632 638 683 642 565 636 23 34 31 35 35 35 34 32 32 99 84 95 96 98 100 104 95 99 94
185、78 69 68 73 72 71 63 66 57 57 48 52 53 53 53 47 49 213 202 196 180 214 217 219 193 212 183 167 154 158 159 161 165 137 140 26 27 29 29 30 30 28 26 27 221 214 207 210 209 211 207 187 180 1,989 1,817 1,747 1,710 1,737 1,686 1,689 1,421 1,542 2,624 2,467 2,368 2,383 2,450 2,326 2,346 2,149 2,136 79 83
186、74 75 84 82 84 84 84 424 370 295 296 303 300 310 250 266 155 149 155 154 167 179 181 166 177 17 15 17 19 21 23 20 15 14 197 163 145 152 154 159 159 135 142 1,781 1,544 1,274 1,237 1,244 1,272 1,255 1,050 1,176 10 11 14 14 15 15 16 15 15 36 37 37 38 38 35 40 35 37 59 56 57 62 64 68 68 64 67 65 60 56
187、56 59 63 64 51 53 31 47 43 45 51 52 54 49 51 14 17 18 19 20 21 21 19 20 6 7 6 7 8 8 9 7 8 1,046 985 919 935 943 929 915 858 803 18 18 20 22 21 21 22 21 21 222 229 227 216 219 227 229 226 243 471 568 541 582 658 680 698 663 703 337 274 237 237 242 231 249 203 211 224 176 194 204 217 214 228 227 238 8
188、3 81 71 77 77 76 78 74 77 78 84 79 82 90 92 86 80 85 54 55 49 52 54 57 55 45 47 1,607 1,441 1,247 1,290 1,297 1,332 1,328 1,088 1,190 363 343 302 317 322 291 296 266 304 267 261 227 228 225 222 220 185 185 659 675 881 942 991 958 987 923 982 307 293 220 244 236 243 244 231 236 1,819 1,624 1,560 1,59
189、9 1,619 1,605 1,578 1,215 1,274EuropeAlbaniaAustriaBelarusBelgiumBosnia HerzegovinaBulgariaCroatiaCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGibraltarGreeceHungaryIcelandIrelandItalyKosovoLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaMoldovaMontenegroNetherlandsNorth MacedoniaNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaS
190、erbiaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUkraineUnited Kingdom(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.38Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.ConsumptionCountries(*)3,310 3,424 4,213 4,086 4,259 4,269
191、4,311 4,108 4,394 2,732 2,828 3,472 3,308 3,496 3,494 3,568 3,421 3,661 9 9 7 7 8 8 10 9 9 104 74 96 96 102 103 110 97 101 17 22 26 32 31 29 31 28 29 198 233 322 349 334 326 290 266 294 14 27 36 38 32 41 30 33 34 6 11 22 22 21 24 27 26 28 117 126 151 149 150 151 152 138 144 113 94 81 85 85 93 93 90
192、94Russia and Central AsiaRussiaArmeniaAzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTajikistanTurkmenistanUzbekistan 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 7.0%2.3%7.0%2.4%0.0%0.0%4.1%2.9%3.6%2.5%10.5%2.1%3.0%2.1%7.7%8.9%4.3%1.2%4.4%0.0%(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 6,140 7,932 8,973 8,936 9,029 8,949
193、 8,945 8,408 8,741 62 61 61 60 63 65 64 54 57 1,723 1,848 2,002 1,845 1,895 1,975 1,929 1,875 1,953 496 565 606 655 689 713 756 689 703 233 251 217 221 238 232 234 203 215 113 102 134 110 124 111 112 102 105 327 450 448 439 438 438 415 390 482 97 120 162 169 179 168 169 134 130 75 126 185 194 191 23
194、3 214 196 237 89 173 228 222 251 269 297 236 245 1,941 3,121 3,836 3,818 3,701 3,558 3,589 3,471 3,498 324 307 126 138 153 144 131 128 129 521 660 895 1,003 1,049 985 969 872 929 139 148 73 62 58 58 66 58 58Middle EastBahrainIranIraqIsraelJordanKuwaitLebanonOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaUnited Arab Emir
195、atesYemen 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 4.0%0.9%5.6%-0.6%4.2%0.5%2.0%2.0%5.9%-1.4%2.9%0.3%23.6%0.6%-3.0%0.7%20.9%5.9%3.8%3.2%0.8%1.0%0.8%-7.6%6.5%3.2%0.0%-8.2%(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR(thousand barrels/day)39OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDCountries(*)Consumption(thousand barrels/day)(2021-
196、2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 5.5%1.0%3.9%1.7%-0.9%1.3%4.2%3.3%2.9%0.5%0.0%-0.8%3.8%7.8%0.0%-0.6%7.4%-1.0%0.0%7.6%0.0%-3.4%3.0%3.5%3.6%1.2%26.9%-2.8%3.3%0.8%0.0%5.2%10.8%5.0%2.0%2.9%3.8%-0.2%9.1%0.0%0.6%0.0%2.8%1.1%0.4%2.0%4.2%0.0%5.4%2.2%1.6%2,910 3,607 4,191
197、 4,139 4,163 4,217 4,251 3,819 4,030 271 351 447 430 425 437 446 406 422 42 99 154 135 119 117 125 115 114 19 35 36 45 45 51 50 48 50 22 34 39 39 38 38 38 35 36 6 12 15 13 12 12 12 11 11 24 24 45 50 50 52 56 53 55 12 16 21 16 18 17 18 15 15 616 763 858 829 773 758 723 635 682 33 44 69 81 87 99 106 9
198、8 98 15 19 22 23 14 14 14 13 13 48 71 85 94 95 103 107 101 104 62 102 121 127 136 124 125 112 116 265 304 218 199 205 211 207 175 222 192 257 274 277 293 288 297 271 280 12 16 26 28 28 28 30 28 28 301 293 415 427 431 434 465 453 502 36 38 47 48 46 51 53 51 52 496 587 640 607 643 659 647 555 576 0 0
199、14 13 12 12 13 11 12 72 114 117 133 134 133 131 122 122 14 17 28 27 29 28 25 23 23 91 88 102 98 104 103 103 91 92 30 33 59 55 54 54 53 51 52 14 14 27 24 25 31 28 25 25 217 276 312 321 347 363 379 321 328AfricaAlgeriaAngolaBeninCameroonCongoCte dIvoireDem.Rep.CongoEgyptEthiopiaGabonGhanaKenyaLibyaMor
200、occoMozambiqueNigeriaSenegalSouth AfricaSouth SudanSudanTanzaniaTunisiaZambiaZimbabweOthers Africa(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.40Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.ConsumptionCountries(*)24,298 2
201、7,540 32,207 32,978 34,194 34,890 35,600 33,858 35,855 962 1,045 1,123 1,117 1,168 1,185 1,178 1,022 1,044 80 80 111 111 124 145 133 127 133 14 16 17 15 15 17 20 43 60 6,766 9,031 11,639 12,013 12,574 13,122 13,905 14,298 15,521 283 415 371 384 433 438 412 273 249 2,639 3,366 4,288 4,493 4,764 4,927
202、 4,991 4,540 4,711 1,317 1,406 1,683 1,594 1,703 1,858 1,835 1,579 1,717 5,292 4,400 4,167 4,035 3,945 3,850 3,739 3,326 3,415 509 586 688 708 731 712 740 632 681 42 24 74 89 141 143 148 143 120 16 22 27 44 54 60 54 50 51 153 153 161 168 177 180 185 152 147 18 17 18 20 18 18 19 18 18 335 400 526 577
203、 575 462 466 437 500 312 314 401 430 461 467 478 386 422 861 1,162 1,294 1,349 1,408 1,404 1,370 1,293 1,309 2,191 2,269 2,473 2,605 2,630 2,567 2,599 2,437 2,587 96 88 110 126 136 127 137 123 127 1,011 1,047 1,046 1,051 1,037 1,041 987 949 993 1,008 1,118 1,362 1,392 1,418 1,457 1,462 1,350 1,354 2
204、63 395 415 449 467 480 495 456 469 130 186 213 208 215 230 247 224 227Asia-PacificAustraliaBangladeshBruneiChinaHong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaMyanmarNepalNew ZealandNorth KoreaPakistanPhilippinesSingaporeSouth KoreaSri LankaTaiwanThailandVietnamOthersAsia-Pacific 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018
205、2019 2020 2021 5.9%2.4%2.2%0.0%4.7%4.7%39.5%12.8%8.6%5.0%-8.8%-4.5%3.8%3.1%8.7%1.8%2.7%-2.3%7.8%1.4%-16.1%15.8%2.0%7.9%-3.3%-0.4%0.0%0.5%14.4%2.0%9.3%2.7%1.2%1.1%6.2%1.2%3.3%3.4%4.6%-0.5%0.3%1.8%2.9%1.6%1.3%1.8%(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR(thousand barrels/day)41OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDCountries(*)Co
206、nsumption(thousand barrels/day)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 7.5%0.0%14.2%-0.6%3.8%2.8%4.8%0.9%1.9%-0.1%8.3%0.8%10.3%2.6%3.7%1.0%-0.6%-1.0%7.1%-4.3%8.0%1.8%2.5%0.5%7.7%2.0%4.9%4.0%-4.8%2.0%3.9%1.3%5.8%0.7%3.8%-2.2%6.3%1.5%20.0%0.7%3.4%4.9%20.5%2.6%4.0%-4
207、.5%8.6%0.2%2.1%-0.5%13.5%-9.8%0.9%-1.3%30,807 30,218 31,123 31,132 31,268 31,664 31,825 28,163 30,262 481 656 682 677 666 648 625 535 611 46 60 81 83 88 90 88 78 81 2,173 2,774 3,191 3,004 3,043 2,976 3,078 2,928 3,068 2,316 2,364 2,440 2,465 2,463 2,520 2,629 2,303 2,347 272 322 331 352 357 363 362
208、 324 351 251 266 338 372 346 349 369 320 353 44 50 53 57 59 60 60 54 56 178 182 184 168 168 168 162 164 163 79 73 66 60 54 50 46 42 45 122 123 133 142 133 145 154 138 149 183 235 268 256 253 273 268 241 247 45 45 50 50 46 51 59 52 56 72 70 89 92 93 100 109 103 108 11 16 22 23 23 23 23 21 20 41 46 60
209、 57 54 57 57 51 53 70 51 52 56 53 60 60 52 55 2,069 2,094 2,006 2,053 2,019 1,932 1,959 1,581 1,641 28 29 34 36 36 33 34 32 34 91 122 144 151 164 139 150 110 132 25 36 47 53 60 63 62 59 61 156 200 236 248 262 266 274 220 265 44 43 46 47 44 37 31 25 26 21,168 19,391 19,687 19,827 20,042 20,595 20,583
210、 18,348 19,926 42 51 52 51 49 52 52 47 48 699 788 710 629 573 489 402 222 252 101 131 121 123 120 125 129 113 114AmericasArgentinaBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaCosta RicaCubaCuracaoDominican RepublicEcuadorEl SalvadorGuatemalaHaitiHondurasJamaicaMexicoNicaraguaPanamaParaguayPeruTrinidad and Tobago
211、United StatesUruguayVenezuelaOthers Americas(*)Data source:IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services.All rights reserved.42Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and IHS Global Insight data.All rights reserved.Per Capita ConsumptionAreas and Aggr
212、egates(*)(barrels)EuropeRussia and Central AsiaMiddle EastAfricaAsia-PacificAmericas-North America-Central South AmericaWorldEuropean Union 27MENAOECDNON OECDOPEC NON OPEC 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 10.21 9.30 8.55 8.65 8.83 8.75 8.73 7.62 7.98 5.19 5.36 6.50 6.28 6.54 6.54 6.59 6.
213、27 6.70 11.98 13.65 13.90 13.61 13.52 13.18 12.95 11.99 12.25 1.28 1.41 1.45 1.40 1.37 1.35 1.33 1.17 1.20 2.43 2.61 2.91 2.95 3.03 3.07 3.11 2.93 3.08 12.79 11.88 11.65 11.54 11.49 11.54 11.50 10.10 10.79 26.08 23.11 22.57 22.55 22.60 23.06 23.02 20.40 21.96 4.85 5.28 5.32 5.17 5.08 4.91 4.90 4.23
214、4.46 4.74 4.68 4.76 4.75 4.79 4.79 4.78 4.33 4.55 11.20 10.25 9.38 9.45 9.69 9.62 9.63 8.45 8.89 8.00 9.24 9.38 9.13 9.02 8.80 8.62 7.91 8.13 14.93 13.42 12.87 12.91 12.97 12.97 12.93 11.35 12.02 2.34 2.68 2.97 2.95 3.01 3.01 3.03 2.83 2.97 6.76 7.73 7.89 7.60 7.40 7.13 6.95 6.34 6.51 4.63 4.49 4.56
215、 4.56 4.62 4.63 4.64 4.19 4.41Middle EastAsia-PacificAfricaCentral South AmericaRussia and Central AsiaEuropeNorth America21.9612.257.986.704.463.081.20Per Capita Consumption(2021)Barrels43OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMAND(*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and IHS Global Insi
216、ght data.All rights reserved.Per Capita ConsumptionSaudi ArabiaCanadaUnited StatesSouth KoreaJapanGermanyRussiaBrazilChinaIndia 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 29.75 41.54 44.14 42.95 40.81 38.53 38.23 36.39 36.13 26.25 25.41 24.96 24.96 24.63 24.86 25.56 22.12 22.41 26.06 22.86 22.30 2
217、2.29 22.37 22.86 22.74 20.20 21.91 16.42 16.72 17.76 18.65 18.79 18.31 18.52 17.35 18.40 15.05 12.49 11.88 11.53 11.29 11.05 10.76 9.60 9.89 11.74 11.14 10.57 10.58 10.82 10.21 10.25 9.36 9.29 6.94 7.19 8.74 8.31 8.77 8.75 8.93 8.56 9.16 4.26 5.17 5.70 5.32 5.34 5.19 5.32 5.03 5.23 1.86 2.41 3.02 3.
218、10 3.23 3.35 3.54 3.63 3.92 0.84 1.00 1.19 1.24 1.30 1.33 1.33 1.20 1.23TheWorldTop10ConsumersRankedbyPerCapitaConsumption(*)(barrels)The World Top 10(2021)JapanChinaIndiaBrazilCanadaSaudi ArabiaRussiaGermanyUnited StatesSouth Korea36.1322.4121.9118.409.899.299.165.233.921.23Barrels44Eni World Energ
219、y Review 2022 (*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and IHS Global Insight data.All rights reserved.Countries(*)(barrels)2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021EuropeAlbaniaAustriaBelarusBelgiumBosnia HerzegovinaBulgariaCroatiaCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkEstonia
220、FinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIcelandIrelandItalyKosovoLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMaltaMoldovaMontenegroNetherlandsNorth MacedoniaNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaSerbiaSlovakiaSloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUkraineUnited Kingdom 10.21 9.30 8.55 8.65 8.83 8.75 8.73 7.62 7.98 3.43 3.25 3.29 3.55 3.81
221、 3.43 3.70 3.46 3.60 13.13 12.07 10.85 10.93 10.88 11.04 11.37 9.65 9.93 5.69 5.85 5.37 5.29 5.29 5.83 5.64 5.33 5.45 22.84 21.79 20.14 20.32 20.39 21.71 20.31 17.79 19.96 2.23 3.35 3.30 3.77 3.81 3.84 3.76 3.56 3.58 4.70 4.13 4.82 4.90 5.04 5.18 5.42 4.99 5.24 7.84 6.58 5.95 5.90 6.37 6.32 6.27 5.6
222、0 5.90 28.38 25.40 20.68 22.37 22.63 22.38 22.09 19.36 19.96 7.58 7.00 6.75 6.19 7.34 7.43 7.48 6.58 7.22 12.32 10.97 9.88 10.10 10.12 10.22 10.43 8.63 8.79 7.00 7.40 8.05 8.04 8.30 8.28 7.71 7.15 7.44 15.34 14.56 13.78 13.94 13.84 13.95 13.66 12.32 11.84 11.88 10.55 9.89 9.65 9.78 9.47 9.47 7.95 8.
223、60 11.74 11.14 10.57 10.58 10.82 10.21 10.25 9.36 9.29 13.79 12.40 10.10 10.18 10.46 10.41 10.80 8.75 9.36 5.61 5.48 5.79 5.76 6.26 6.73 6.82 6.27 6.71 21.04 17.09 18.79 20.88 22.92 24.93 21.53 16.04 14.88 17.36 13.06 11.38 11.81 11.83 12.04 11.89 9.98 10.40 11.15 9.50 7.68 7.44 7.48 7.66 7.57 6.34
224、7.11 2.14 2.26 2.84 2.88 3.07 3.06 3.25 3.04 3.03 5.83 6.37 6.76 7.03 7.11 6.62 7.66 6.77 7.23 6.44 6.54 7.10 7.83 8.21 8.86 8.99 8.58 9.09 51.82 43.12 36.07 35.29 36.38 38.06 37.94 29.74 30.47 28.10 41.43 35.70 36.47 40.44 39.90 40.50 35.93 36.59 1.76 2.16 2.31 2.46 2.63 2.81 2.85 2.62 2.81 3.57 4.
225、12 3.52 4.11 4.69 4.69 5.28 4.11 4.69 23.33 21.55 19.80 20.10 20.22 19.88 19.53 18.28 17.07 3.23 3.17 3.51 3.86 3.68 3.68 3.85 3.68 3.68 17.49 17.11 15.93 15.01 15.09 15.52 15.54 15.22 16.23 4.48 5.41 5.19 5.59 6.33 6.55 6.72 6.39 6.79 11.71 9.44 8.34 8.38 8.59 8.22 8.89 7.27 7.57 3.82 3.14 3.55 3.7
226、6 4.03 4.00 4.30 4.31 4.54 4.07 4.05 3.65 3.98 4.00 3.97 4.10 3.91 4.09 5.27 5.67 5.30 5.50 6.03 6.16 5.75 5.35 5.68 9.88 9.82 8.64 9.15 9.49 10.01 9.66 7.90 8.25 13.33 11.21 9.75 10.10 10.15 10.41 10.37 8.49 9.29 14.66 13.33 11.29 11.76 11.87 10.65 10.76 9.61 10.92 13.19 12.20 9.99 9.93 9.71 9.50 9
227、.35 7.80 7.75 3.54 3.41 4.09 4.31 4.46 4.25 4.32 3.99 4.21 2.39 2.34 1.79 1.99 1.94 2.00 2.02 1.93 1.98 11.01 9.34 8.65 8.80 8.86 8.73 8.53 6.53 6.82Per Capita Consumption45OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDCountries(*)(barrels)Per Capita Consumption 5.19 5.36 6.50 6.28 6.54 6.54 6.59 6.27 6.70 6.94 7.19 8.74 8.
228、31 8.77 8.75 8.93 8.56 9.16 1.10 1.14 0.87 0.87 0.99 0.99 1.23 1.11 1.11 4.45 2.99 3.64 3.60 3.78 3.78 4.00 3.49 3.61 1.47 1.96 2.36 2.91 2.82 2.64 2.83 2.56 2.66 4.69 5.23 6.69 7.14 6.74 6.50 5.71 5.17 5.65 1.01 1.82 2.21 2.28 1.89 2.37 1.71 1.85 1.87 0.32 0.53 0.95 0.93 0.86 0.96 1.06 1.00 1.05 8.
229、98 9.04 9.90 9.60 9.51 9.42 9.34 8.35 8.59 1.56 1.20 0.96 0.99 0.97 1.05 1.03 0.98 1.01Russia and Central AsiaRussiaArmenia AzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTajikistanTurkmenistanUzbekistan 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 11.98 13.65 13.90 13.61 13.52 13.18 12.95 11.99 12.25 25.45 1
230、7.94 16.23 15.36 15.39 15.12 14.23 11.58 11.90 9.01 9.14 9.31 8.46 8.57 8.81 8.49 8.15 8.38 6.72 6.93 6.22 6.53 6.70 6.77 7.02 6.25 6.23 13.02 12.47 9.93 9.95 10.54 10.10 10.03 8.56 8.93 7.16 5.56 5.12 4.10 4.50 3.93 3.87 3.45 3.47 53.25 56.11 43.22 40.95 39.76 38.95 36.12 34.46 42.82 7.53 8.84 9.05
231、 9.19 9.58 8.94 9.00 7.17 7.01 10.90 15.12 15.82 15.81 14.94 17.61 15.70 14.79 17.49 37.54 34.02 32.44 30.53 33.62 35.30 38.28 30.93 32.31 29.75 41.54 44.14 42.95 40.81 38.53 38.23 36.39 36.13 6.44 5.25 2.56 2.88 3.27 3.10 2.80 2.67 2.58 41.45 28.18 35.27 39.11 40.36 37.33 36.20 32.18 33.94 2.52 2.3
232、3 1.01 0.83 0.76 0.74 0.83 0.71 0.69Middle EastBahrainIranIraqIsraelJordanKuwaitLebanonOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaUnited Arab EmiratesYemen 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and IHS Global Insight data.All rights reserve
233、d.46Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and IHS Global Insight data.All rights reserved.Countries(*)(barrels)2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021AfricaAlgeriaAngolaBeninCameroonCongoCte dIvoireDem.Rep.CongoEgyptEthiopiaGabonGhan
234、aKenyaLibyaMorocco MozambiqueNigeriaSenegalSouth AfricaSouth SudanSudanTanzaniaTunisiaZambiaZimbabwe 1.28 1.41 1.45 1.40 1.37 1.35 1.33 1.17 1.20 2.98 3.56 4.11 3.87 3.75 3.78 3.78 3.38 3.45 0.79 1.55 2.02 1.71 1.46 1.39 1.43 1.28 1.23 0.87 1.39 1.24 1.51 1.47 1.62 1.55 1.45 1.47 0.45 0.61 0.61 0.59
235、 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.48 0.48 0.60 1.02 1.13 0.95 0.86 0.84 0.81 0.73 0.71 0.48 0.43 0.71 0.77 0.75 0.76 0.79 0.73 0.74 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.06 2.98 3.37 3.39 3.20 2.93 2.81 2.63 2.26 2.39 0.16 0.18 0.25 0.29 0.31 0.34 0.36 0.32 0.31 3.97 4.46 4.59 4.69 2.79 2.73 2.67 2.43 2.38 0.80
236、 1.05 1.11 1.20 1.19 1.26 1.28 1.19 1.20 0.62 0.89 0.92 0.95 0.99 0.88 0.87 0.76 0.77 16.68 17.90 12.40 11.19 11.37 11.53 11.15 9.30 11.64 2.30 2.90 2.89 2.88 3.01 2.92 2.97 2.68 2.74 0.21 0.25 0.35 0.37 0.36 0.35 0.36 0.33 0.32 0.79 0.67 0.84 0.84 0.82 0.81 0.84 0.80 0.87 1.18 1.09 1.18 1.17 1.09 1
237、.17 1.19 1.11 1.10 3.78 4.18 4.22 3.94 4.12 4.16 4.03 3.42 3.50 0.48 0.44 0.40 0.40 0.43 0.36 0.38 0.68 0.96 1.10 1.23 1.21 1.17 1.13 1.03 1.01 0.86 0.72 0.72 0.67 0.69 0.67 0.65 0.56 0.55 3.29 3.02 3.33 3.16 3.32 3.25 3.21 2.81 2.81 0.43 0.46 0.64 0.60 0.63 0.59 0.51 0.46 0.44 0.42 0.40 0.71 0.62 0
238、.64 0.78 0.70 0.61 0.60Per Capita Consumption47OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMAND(barrels)Per Capita Consumption 2.43 2.61 2.91 2.95 3.03 3.07 3.11 2.93 3.08 17.40 17.22 17.13 16.80 17.34 17.37 17.06 14.63 14.78 0.21 0.20 0.26 0.26 0.28 0.33 0.30 0.28 0.29 14.00 15.03 14.95 13.04 12.90 14.47 16.85 35.88 49.60 1.
239、86 2.41 3.02 3.10 3.23 3.35 3.54 3.63 3.92 15.26 21.74 18.84 19.35 21.63 21.69 20.22 13.29 12.03 0.84 1.00 1.19 1.24 1.30 1.33 1.33 1.20 1.23 2.12 2.12 2.38 2.22 2.35 2.53 2.47 2.11 2.27 15.05 12.49 11.88 11.53 11.29 11.05 10.76 9.60 9.89 7.23 7.58 8.30 8.42 8.58 8.24 8.45 7.13 7.58 0.31 0.17 0.51 0
240、.61 0.96 0.97 1.00 0.96 0.80 0.23 0.30 0.36 0.59 0.71 0.78 0.69 0.63 0.63 13.50 12.78 12.73 13.16 13.74 13.85 14.12 11.51 11.04 0.27 0.25 0.26 0.29 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.25 0.25 0.76 0.81 0.96 1.03 1.01 0.79 0.79 0.72 0.81 1.32 1.22 1.43 1.51 1.60 1.60 1.61 1.29 1.39 73.67 82.66 84.46 87.09 90.03 89.01 8
241、6.15 80.67 81.03 16.42 16.72 17.76 18.65 18.79 18.31 18.52 17.35 18.40 1.79 1.59 1.92 2.19 2.35 2.18 2.35 2.10 2.16 16.33 16.54 16.26 16.28 16.02 16.04 15.16 14.54 15.18 5.62 6.07 7.23 7.37 7.48 7.66 7.66 7.06 7.07 1.15 1.64 1.63 1.75 1.80 1.83 1.87 1.71 1.74Asia-PacificAustraliaBangladeshBruneiChin
242、aHong KongIndiaIndonesiaJapanMalaysiaMyanmarNepalNew ZealandNorth KoreaPakistanPhilippinesSingaporeSouth KoreaSri LankaTaiwanThailandVietnam 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and IHS Global Insight data.All rights reser
243、ved.Countries(*)48Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and IHS Global Insight data.All rights reserved.Per Capita ConsumptionCountries(*)(barrels)2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021AmericasArgentinaBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileColomb
244、iaCosta Rica CubaCuracaoDominican RepublicEcuadorEl SalvadorGuatemalaHaitiHondurasJamaicaMexicoNicaraguaPanamaParaguayPeruTrinidad and TobagoUnited StatesUruguayVenezuela 12.79 11.88 11.65 11.54 11.49 11.54 11.50 10.10 10.79 4.51 5.85 5.78 5.68 5.53 5.33 5.09 4.32 4.89 1.82 2.18 2.72 2.75 2.87 2.89
245、2.79 2.44 2.50 4.26 5.17 5.70 5.32 5.34 5.19 5.32 5.03 5.23 26.25 25.41 24.96 24.96 24.63 24.86 25.56 22.12 22.41 6.13 6.89 6.72 7.06 7.05 7.07 6.97 6.19 6.67 2.15 2.15 2.60 2.82 2.58 2.57 2.68 2.30 2.51 3.75 3.99 3.99 4.25 4.35 4.38 4.34 3.87 3.98 5.77 5.92 5.93 5.41 5.41 5.41 5.22 5.28 5.26 222.85
246、 180.51 152.46 137.42 122.77 112.95 103.29 93.76 99.87 4.89 4.63 4.72 4.98 4.62 4.98 5.23 4.64 4.96 4.83 5.71 6.03 5.67 5.50 5.83 5.63 4.99 5.04 2.71 2.66 2.89 2.87 2.63 2.90 3.34 2.93 3.14 2.01 1.75 2.00 2.02 2.01 2.12 2.26 2.10 2.16 0.44 0.59 0.75 0.77 0.76 0.75 0.75 0.67 0.63 2.01 2.02 2.40 2.24
247、2.09 2.17 2.13 1.88 1.92 9.32 6.62 6.57 7.03 6.62 7.46 7.43 6.41 6.75 7.12 6.70 6.01 6.08 5.91 5.59 5.60 4.48 4.60 1.88 1.82 1.99 2.08 2.06 1.86 1.90 1.76 1.85 9.97 12.22 13.24 13.65 14.58 12.15 12.89 9.31 11.00 1.57 2.10 2.56 2.85 3.19 3.31 3.21 3.02 3.08 2.04 2.51 2.83 2.93 3.04 3.04 3.08 2.44 2.9
248、0 12.39 11.82 12.25 12.45 11.60 9.72 8.11 6.52 6.76 26.06 22.86 22.30 22.29 22.37 22.86 22.74 20.20 21.91 4.61 5.54 5.56 5.44 5.20 5.50 5.48 4.94 5.03 9.65 10.11 8.61 7.69 7.11 6.18 5.15 2.85 3.2049OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDProduction/Consumption RatioAreas and Aggregates(*)0.34 0.28 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.24
249、0.23 0.28 0.25 3.53 3.92 3.31 3.46 3.34 3.39 3.38 3.26 3.11 4.16 3.20 3.31 3.52 3.43 3.52 3.36 3.28 3.20 3.40 2.84 1.99 1.88 1.97 1.97 1.99 1.84 1.84 0.33 0.30 0.26 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.68 0.71 0.90 0.87 0.89 0.94 0.98 1.06 1.00 0.43 0.52 0.79 0.77 0.81 0.90 0.98 1.06 1.00 1.48 1.22 1.16
250、1.13 1.08 1.02 0.96 1.04 0.99 0.97 0.94 0.96 0.96 0.94 0.96 0.95 0.97 0.93 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 3.99 3.07 3.01 3.19 3.17 3.25 3.13 3.02 3.00 0.41 0.41 0.53 0.52 0.53 0.58 0.62 0.68 0.65 1.81 1.54 1.37 1.38 1.33 1.31 1.26 1.22 1.17 5.14 3.91 3.69 3.86 3.86 3.92 3.75 3.54 3.47
251、0.62 0.62 0.65 0.63 0.63 0.65 0.66 0.70 0.66EuropeRussia and Central AsiaMiddle EastAfricaAsia-PacificAmericas-North America-Central South AmericaWorldEuropean Union 27MENAOECDNON OECDOPEC NON OPEC 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil D
252、ata Services data.All rights reserved.Production/ConsumptionRatio(2021)Middle EastAsia-PacificAfricaCentral South AmericaRussia and Central AsiaEuropeNorth America3.203.111.841.000.990.250.2150Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services data.Al
253、l rights reserved.Production/Consumption RatioIraqKuwaitUnited Arab EmiratesSaudi ArabiaRussiaCanadaIranBrazilUnited StatesChina 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 3.70 4.30 6.73 6.88 6.62 6.54 6.36 6.02 5.88 7.79 5.55 6.91 7.27 6.88 6.96 7.20 6.97 5.64 5.75 4.29 4.20 3.84 3.56 3.86 4.14 4
254、.24 3.83 5.63 3.19 3.14 3.23 3.21 3.47 3.32 3.20 3.15 3.53 3.67 3.19 3.42 3.24 3.29 3.25 3.10 2.97 1.35 1.46 1.86 1.87 2.03 2.15 2.13 2.32 2.40 2.44 2.28 1.78 2.39 2.49 2.30 1.71 1.56 1.74 0.79 0.78 0.80 0.87 0.91 0.91 0.94 1.04 0.98 0.33 0.40 0.66 0.63 0.66 0.75 0.84 0.90 0.84 0.53 0.45 0.37 0.33 0
255、.31 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.26TheWorldTop10ProducersRankedbyProduction/ConsumptionRatio(*)The World Top 10(2021)RussiaUnited StatesChinaBrazilKuwaitIraqIranCanadaUnited Arab EmiratesSaudi Arabia5.885.643.833.152.972.401.740.980.840.2651OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDCountries(*)Production/Consumption Ratio 0.34 0.28
256、 0.25 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.28 0.25 0.24 0.50 0.88 0.68 0.57 0.59 0.62 0.64 0.57 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.25 0.24 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.21 0.23 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.21 0.20 0.20 0.19 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03
257、 0.03 2.12 1.53 1.02 0.89 0.87 0.72 0.62 0.55 0.50 0.18 0.38 0.55 0.49 0.61 0.72 0.81 0.88 0.81 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.21 0.17 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.13 0.07 0.06 0.10 0.08 0.08
258、 0.09 0.07 0.11 0.09 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 13.34 9.34 8.58 9.23 8.99 8.15 7.60 8.88 8.40 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.50 0.50 0.42 0.38 0.34 0.34 0.32 0.31 0.28 0.16 0.21 0.28 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.20 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.0
259、1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.31 0.27 0.25 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.23 0.23 0.23 1.01 0.84 0.62 0.64 0.62 0.70 0.73 0.89 0.70 EuropeAlbaniaAustriaBelarusBulgariaCroatiaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandRoma
260、niaSerbiaSlovakiaSpainTurkeyUkraineUnited Kingdom 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services data.All rights reserved.3.53 3.92 3.31 3.46 3.34 3.39 3.38 3.26 3.11 3.53 3.67 3.19 3.42 3.24 3.29 3.25 3.10 2.97 4.31 14.08 8.85 8.63
261、 7.69 7.70 6.96 7.20 6.97 0.08 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 6.53 7.27 5.26 4.78 5.53 5.94 6.70 6.90 6.28 0.16 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.79 1.67 1.78 1.66 1.55 1.45 1.47 1.66 1.58 0.96 0.80 0.64 0.56 0.54 0.46 0.43 0.42 0.43 Russ
262、ia and Central AsiaRussiaAzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 202152Eni World Energy Review 2022 (*)Data source:Enis calculations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services data.All rights reserved.Countries(*)Production/Consumpti
263、on Ratio 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Middle EastBahrainIranIraqKuwaitOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaUnited Arab EmiratesYemen 4.16 3.20 3.31 3.52 3.43 3.52 3.36 3.28 3.20 3.20 3.14 3.49 3.54 3.33 3.20 3.25 3.36 3.25 2.44 2.28 1.78 2.39 2.49 2.30 1.71 1.56 1.74 3.70 4.30 6.73 6.88 6.62 6.5
264、4 6.36 6.02 5.88 7.79 5.55 6.91 7.27 6.88 6.96 7.20 6.97 5.64 10.36 6.91 5.34 5.22 5.12 4.23 4.57 4.88 4.13 13.67 9.64 8.14 8.37 7.12 6.69 5.81 7.50 7.44 5.63 3.19 3.14 3.23 3.21 3.47 3.32 3.20 3.15 1.38 1.25 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.17 0.26 0.34 0.34 5.75 4.29 4.20 3.84 3.56 3.86 4.14 4.24 3.83 3.03 2.07 0
265、.44 0.26 0.76 1.15 1.02 1.04 1.03 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021AfricaAlgeriaAngolaCameroonCongoCte dIvoireDem.Rep.CongoEgyptGabonGhanaLibyaNigeria South AfricaSouth SudanSudanTunisia 3.40 2.84 1.99 1.88 1.97 1.97 1.99 1.84 1.84 7.12 4.90 3.56 3.73 3.60 3.46 3.34 3.34 3.25 29.65 18.19
266、11.66 12.91 14.30 13.19 11.59 11.55 10.33 4.07 1.88 2.38 2.35 1.99 1.81 1.87 2.09 1.88 41.13 26.07 15.61 16.72 22.16 27.55 28.28 27.58 25.02 1.67 1.63 0.58 0.64 0.80 0.63 0.65 0.53 0.50 2.08 1.38 1.00 1.19 1.33 1.35 1.28 1.49 1.42 1.05 0.92 0.81 0.80 0.83 0.86 0.87 0.94 0.84 18.00 13.11 10.44 9.87 1
267、4.32 13.57 15.18 15.25 13.97 0.13 0.10 1.24 0.97 1.66 1.72 1.93 1.94 1.60 6.50 5.47 2.01 2.14 4.28 4.88 5.60 2.20 5.52 8.46 8.65 5.41 4.52 4.61 4.68 4.57 4.15 3.35 0.42 0.24 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.17 10.55 10.51 12.27 12.02 13.19 14.96 12.71 4.24 4.08 0.90 0.61 0.50 0.54 0.53 0.50 0.51 0.80
268、 0.95 0.54 0.54 0.44 0.42 0.38 0.40 0.41 53OIL-SUPPLY AND DEMANDCountries(*)0.33 0.30 0.26 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.57 0.53 0.33 0.31 0.27 0.29 0.38 0.44 0.42 0.04 0.09 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.08 14.69 10.57 7.46 8.06 7.54 6.56 6.05 2.56 1.81 0.53 0.45 0.37 0.33 0.31 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.
269、26 0.29 0.26 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.15 0.82 0.70 0.49 0.54 0.48 0.43 0.42 0.46 0.40 1.53 1.22 1.02 1.04 1.00 1.02 0.91 0.96 0.83 0.52 0.75 0.15 0.12 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.16 0.39 0.30 0.24 0.21 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.22 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.20 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.
270、03 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.29 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.30 0.28 1.41 0.78 0.88 0.69 0.60 0.53 0.47 0.45 0.41 Asia-PacificAustraliaBangladeshBruneiChinaIndiaIndonesiaMalaysiaMyanmarNew ZealandPakistanPhilippinesSouth KoreaThailandVietnam 2005 2010 2015 2016
271、 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 0.68 0.71 0.90 0.87 0.89 0.94 0.98 1.06 1.00 1.68 1.12 0.95 0.92 0.89 0.96 1.04 1.14 1.05 1.08 0.93 0.96 0.94 0.86 0.80 0.77 0.82 0.78 0.79 0.78 0.80 0.87 0.91 0.91 0.94 1.04 0.98 1.35 1.46 1.86 1.87 2.03 2.15 2.13 2.32 2.40 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.02 2.10
272、 2.96 3.00 2.44 2.49 2.50 2.42 2.46 2.11 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.26 0.25 0.23 2.93 2.00 2.04 2.17 2.12 1.92 2.00 2.01 1.93 0.25 0.16 0.11 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.07 1.82 1.41 1.29 1.20 1.10 1.07 0.98 1.22 1.19 0.75 0.78 0.63 0.54 0.51 0.50 0.51 0.57 0.46 3.88 3.45 2.36 2.06 2.24 2.36 2.65
273、 3.04 2.87 0.33 0.40 0.66 0.63 0.66 0.75 0.84 0.90 0.84 4.42 3.52 3.75 3.86 3.72 3.14 2.44 2.60 2.54 AmericasArgentinaBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaCubaEcuadorGuatemalaMexicoPeruTrinidad and TobagoUnited StatesVenezuela 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(*)Data source:Enis calculations o
274、n IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services data.All rights reserved.Production/Consumption Ratio54Eni World Energy Review 2022 Oil-Trade and PricesREGIONAL CRUDE BALANCESCrude Surplus Deficit by AreaEXPORTSThe World Top 10 ExportersCountriesIMPORTSThe World Top 10 ImportersCountriesCRUDE FUTURE PRICES AND
275、 OPEN INTERESTS(thousand barrels/day)Crude Surplus Deficit by Area(*)Regional Crude Balances(*)2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)-312 1,122-45-577-493 822 507-2,039-1,044-6,898-1,204 7,181-924 7,569-280-388 -2,590-389-9,783-9,449-9,675-9,531-9,978-9,726-9,749-8,015-8,
276、327 6,344 7,127 6,734 7,056 7,194 7,290 7,374 6,595 6,550 17,054 16,040 19,304 20,552 19,912 20,252 18,894 17,355 16,862 6,686 7,251 5,828 5,305 5,736 5,787 5,948 4,706 5,213-13,240-15,970-19,260-20,598-21,702-22,678-23,178-21,824-22,868-5,940-4,639-241-647-345 794 2,464 3,746 2,542-9,653-8,161-4,28
277、6-4,698-4,334-2,721-878 332-592 3,713 3,522 4,045 4,051 3,989 3,515 3,342 3,414 3,134 1,121 360 2,691 2,137 816 1,720 1,752 2,561-28EuropeRussia and Central AsiaMiddle EastAfricaAsia-PacificAmericas-North America-Central South AmericaWorld(*)Data source:Enis elaborations on IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data
278、 Services and Wood MacKenzie data.All rights reserved.Crude Surplus Deficit by Area(2020 and 2021)CENTRAL SOUTH AMERICA3.133.41AFRICA5.214.71RUSSIA AND C.ASIA6.556.59MIDDLE EAST16.8617.36NORTH AMERICA-0.590.33EUROPE-8.33-8.02ASIA-PACIFIC-22.87-21.8220212020Eni World Energy Review 2022 58Crude and no
279、n conventional oil(thousand barrels/day)The World Top 10 Exporters(*)Exports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR-6.5%-0.6%-3.2%-0.7%3.3%6.1%0.3%5.6%-7.0%47.3%-4.7%0.8%-4.7%1.8%-15.3%-3.9%3.8%-0.2%-4.0%-0.2%3.4%-3.2%-1.8%0.0%7,209 6,644 7,163 7,463 6,968 7,372 7
280、,038 6,659 6,227 5,100 4,912 4,937 5,105 5,092 5,246 5,398 4,715 4,565 1,578 1,948 3,029 3,104 3,318 3,651 3,778 3,633 3,755 1,472 1,890 3,005 3,804 3,802 3,862 3,968 3,428 3,440 34 42 465 593 1,158 2,048 2,982 3,175 2,951 2,195 2,104 2,441 2,408 2,379 2,296 2,414 2,418 2,305 1,651 1,430 1,964 2,128
281、 2,010 2,050 1,986 1,826 1,740 2,326 2,464 2,114 1,738 1,811 1,979 2,008 1,879 1,592 2,316 1,586 1,223 1,363 1,348 1,243 1,222 1,492 1,549 1,093 1,386 1,255 1,206 1,385 1,396 1,400 1,412 1,355 18,019 17,422 14,747 15,393 15,637 14,995 13,405 11,742 12,139 42,993 41,828 42,344 44,304 44,908 46,138 45
282、,599 42,379 41,618Saudi ArabiaRussiaCanadaIraqUnited StatesUnited Arab EmiratesKuwaitNigeriaNorwayKazakhstanRest of the WorldWorld(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.The World T
283、op 10(2021)United StatesNorwayKazakhstanNigeriaRussia Saudi ArabiaKuwaitUnited Arab EmiratesCanadaIraq15.0%11.0%9.0%8.3%7.1%5.5%4.2%3.8%3.7%3.3%Share of World 59OIL-TRADE AND PRICESCrude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Exports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2
284、021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR-20.3%0.0%-53.0%-2.5%-21.7%-18.1%-100.0%-5.6%-18.8%-8.5%-58.6%-1.0%-2.3%-5.2%-29.7%-12.5%-17.8%-4.2%3.8%-0.2%-9.1%-1.4%-2.9%-18.1%-15.6%2048.0%-17.1%-1.8%12.5%0 9 18 16 9 11 11 11 9 27 0 32 32 32 33 33 24 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 11 11 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 273 154
285、90 78 82 56 46 22 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 14 14 7 2 0 0 2 0 0 18 17 2 3 3 4 5 2 2 7 0 2 1 3 8 3 4 3 0 2 0 0 6 0 1 4 2 15 6 14 12 15 10 0 4 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 21 10 6 7 8 9 8 8 6 2,316 1,586 1,223 1,363 1,348 1,243 1,222 1,492 1,549 5 4 5 4 4 6 5 4 4 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 6 1
286、 21 978 733 589 616 686 810 827 721 598 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 2EuropeAlbaniaBelarusBelgiumCroatiaCzech RepublicDenmarkFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyLithuaniaNetherlandsNorwayPolandRomaniaSlovakiaSwedenUnited KingdomUkraine(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(
287、2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.Eni World Energy Review 2022 60Crude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Exports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)(2
288、021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR y/y CAGR-3.2%-0.7%-2.8%-5.0%-4.0%-0.2%-100.0%-18.1%-8.3%2.6%0.1%88.6%-9.4%0.3%5.6%-4.7%1.8%2.3%0.7%2.3%-1.0%-6.5%-0.6%-100.0%-4.7%0.8%-100.0%5,100 4,912 4,937 5,105 5,092 5,246 5,398 4,715 4,565 286 853 657 650 610 603 554 497 483 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,093 1,386 1,255 1,20
289、6 1,385 1,396 1,400 1,412 1,355 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 50 26 69 50 34 21 16 12 10 150 151 149 155 152 154 153 148 152 2,394 2,248 1,081 1,922 2,125 1,850 651 404 763 1,472 1,890 3,005 3,804 3,802 3,862 3,968 3,428 3,440 1,651 1,430 1,964 2,128 2,010 2,050 1,986 1,826 1,740 718 745 844 882 806 793 850 786
290、 804 697 650 580 576 527 528 571 568 581 7,209 6,644 7,163 7,463 6,968 7,372 7,038 6,659 6,227 208 163 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,195 2,104 2,441 2,408 2,379 2,296 2,414 2,418 2,305 296 183 9 0 0 0 0 0 0Russia and Central AsiaRussiaAzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanTurkmenistanMiddle EastBahrainIranIraqKuwa
291、itOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSyriaUnited Arab EmiratesYemen(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.61OIL-TRADE AND PRICESCrude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)E
292、xports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 1.7%-4.1%-11.5%-4.1%-7.6%0.4%-9.8%-2.2%-11.2%-1.2%-5.1%-0.4%9.3%0.5%-18.9%-7.0%-7.6%-2.0%-17.0%4.0%-2.8%214.2%-1.6%-100.0%-100.0%-15.3%-3.9%83.6%-10.2%-100.0%9.6%-9.1%968 709 642 669 633 571 584 439 446 947 1,711 1,711
293、 1,670 1,577 1,421 1,319 1,220 1,080 82 56 84 86 69 57 65 63 58 174 122 95 103 84 102 113 106 96 235 288 227 254 261 307 309 282 251 25 22 21 20 24 23 23 22 21 41 188 247 227 210 214 168 181 198 275 206 182 158 125 121 110 115 93 249 225 206 205 188 174 207 196 181 0 0 104 85 163 177 203 193 160 40
294、38 27 30 37 30 35 27 28 1,306 1,299 288 350 792 999 1,036 347 1,091 0 8 5 6 3 3 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,326 2,464 2,114 1,738 1,811 1,979 2,008 1,879 1,592 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 148 137 147 144 168 156 140 236 387 12 7 0 0 0 0 0 59 77 38 37 33 28 33 25 27AfricaAlgeriaAngolaCameroonChadCongoDem.Re
295、p.CongoEgyptEquatorial GuineaGabonGhanaIvory CoastLibyaMauritaniaMozambiqueNigeriaSouth AfricaSouth SudanSudanTunisia(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.Eni World Energy Review
296、2022 62Crude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Exports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR y/y CAGR 0.9%-1.8%-100.0%-100.0%59.2%-1.4%39.2%-8.5%-26.6%-3.6%49.8%10.3%27.6%
297、-26.5%-10.9%-3.0%-100.0%-3.7%4.3%-2.6%3.6%-34.2%-6.0%-6.5%-4.6%-24.4%-4.0%-46.8%-4.0%-2.6%7.0%3.3%6.1%-100.0%-10.2%0.0%-7.6%-0.4%-21.8%-10.5%50.4%-9.2%-2.6%-100.0%-100.0%4.8%2.3%-7.0%47.3%-8.0%-10.7%226 311 219 198 178 213 246 251 254 198 148 116 105 98 92 107 68 0 162 61 57 59 97 53 16 33 52 433 32
298、3 315 344 281 208 72 87 121 382 345 323 334 301 302 300 313 230 1 6 22 22 21 17 18 11 17 7 0 2 3 5 5 4 3 4 12 47 39 30 26 21 22 18 13 0 0 6 4 8 11 11 7 6 47 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 19 16 15 13 13 12 31 30 3 9 15 15 16 15 14 14 14 66 29 1 31 33 31 26 23 15 359 161 184 137 136 78 88 103 96 151 92 37 45 29
299、59 66 78 59 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 275 632 737 847 1,042 1,078 1,228 1,371 1,335 1,578 1,948 3,029 3,104 3,318 3,651 3,778 3,633 3,755 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 229 501 790 626 630 597 573 556 499 344 336 412 389 365 355 375 346 320 16 10 9 7 8 6 5 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 110 2,002 1,446 1,235 1,2
300、65 1,252 1,271 1,189 1,190 1,081 13 19 8 2 2 7 6 11 0 72 45 31 28 27 22 58 56 58 34 42 465 593 1,158 2,048 2,982 3,175 2,951 2,198 1,562 1,974 1,835 1,596 1,273 847 487 448Asia-PacificAustraliaBruneiChinaIndonesiaMalaysiaMongoliaMyanmarNew ZealandPakistanPapua New GuineaPhilippinesSingaporeThailandV
301、ietnamAmericasArgentinaBarbadosBoliviaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaEcuadorGuatemalaGuyanaMexicoPeruTrinidad and TobagoUnited StatesVenezuela(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.63OIL
302、-TRADE AND PRICESCrude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)The World Top 10 Importers(*)Imports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR-5.4%7.2%3.9%-4.3%7.1%2.3%-2.0%0.9%1.6%-3.0%-1.5%-1.2%2.4%0.6%12.6%-2.9%5.9%0.2%-3.1%0.0%0.0%-1.2%0.2%-0.1%2,543 4,767
303、6,728 7,641 8,412 9,263 10,141 10,882 10,294 10,921 9,862 7,363 7,872 7,973 7,770 6,801 5,877 6,108 2,026 3,335 4,135 4,361 4,493 4,617 4,626 4,005 4,289 2,309 2,355 2,755 2,905 3,012 3,006 2,896 2,642 2,588 4,093 3,436 3,203 3,137 3,158 2,995 2,953 2,416 2,455 2,246 1,865 1,825 1,825 1,815 1,704 1,
304、721 1,655 1,629 1,191 1,049 1,295 1,283 1,319 1,352 1,326 1,097 1,123 1,790 1,570 1,251 1,218 1,327 1,241 1,263 1,007 1,134 1,046 1,023 1,046 1,083 1,081 1,086 1,142 991 1,050 1,180 896 976 1,042 1,156 1,129 1,074 929 900 14,468 13,001 12,946 12,889 13,191 13,037 12,903 11,340 11,343 43,814 43,159 4
305、3,522 45,256 46,937 47,200 46,846 42,839 42,913ChinaUnited StatesIndiaSouth KoreaJapanGermanySpainItalyNetherlandsSingaporeRest of the WorldWorld(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reser
306、ved.The World Top 10(2021)JapanNetherlandsSingaporeItalyUnited StatesChinaSpainGermanyIndiaSouth Korea24.0%14.2%10.0%6.0%5.7%3.8%2.6%2.6%2.4%2.1%Share of World Eni World Energy Review 2022 64Crude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Imports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2
307、020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 1.7%1.0%0.2%0.7%4.9%-1.4%-100.0%-19.0%-2.9%6.3%-4.8%10.8%-1.1%11.1%6.1%-23.8%-2.7%2.3%-5.6%-1.5%-1.2%0.2%1.1%-1.6%0.4%-1.7%0.0%12.6%-2.9%2.1%-1.1%5.9%0.2%-100.0%-21.3%14.1%-5.2%0.4%-11.1%-1.4%-1.9%1.6%13.5%4.0%-3.3%0.0%2.4%0.6%-3.3%-0.9%-18.9%-6.0%7.0%5.8%1.7%-
308、2.5%25.4%-13.6%157 135 162 147 144 167 172 149 151 386 295 458 363 363 365 360 319 320 639 668 642 637 682 660 690 547 574 3 23 19 19 17 14 0 0 0 121 109 122 124 138 118 140 98 79 81 72 47 51 57 60 41 40 42 155 155 143 107 156 149 155 123 137 54 54 83 77 96 94 101 93 104 191 215 203 221 237 236 236
309、209 159 1,685 1,283 1,135 1,085 1,138 1,051 967 662 677 2,246 1,865 1,825 1,825 1,815 1,704 1,721 1,655 1,629 374 403 442 469 473 487 457 455 456 129 115 124 120 119 134 122 122 120 65 61 73 64 64 60 52 62 61 1,790 1,570 1,251 1,218 1,327 1,241 1,263 1,007 1,134 178 180 170 186 196 193 193 157 160 1
310、,046 1,023 1,046 1,083 1,081 1,086 1,142 991 1,050 20 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 11 22 11 36 63 61 61 48 358 454 530 491 493 537 532 498 472 261 220 282 269 284 252 225 211 187 179 120 136 154 159 170 178 145 143 62 38 37 45 50 55 48 52 59 110 109 118 117 112 109 103 113 109 1,191 1,049 1,295 1,283 1,319 1
311、,352 1,326 1,097 1,123 402 397 402 394 397 398 341 372 360 95 90 56 59 57 60 55 56 46 468 339 501 499 515 419 622 587 628 1,044 953 847 792 885 883 902 708 720 292 155 5 10 18 14 16 25 31EuropeAustriaBelarusBelgiumBosnia-HerzegovinaBulgariaCroatiaCzech RepublicDenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungar
312、yIrelandItalyLithuania NetherlandsNorth MacedoniaNorwayPolandPortugalRomaniaSerbiaSlovakiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUkraine(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.65
313、OIL-TRADE AND PRICESCrude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Imports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 0.0%-100.0%103.1%-38.6%-100.0%9.2%1.9%49 0 58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 75 120 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
314、 0 13 17 22 21 24 13 14 16 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 3.2%-2.3%-100.0%0.0%1.0%-0.7%-4.3%-0.6%14.7%230 235 216 210 220 220 223 177 183 43 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 204 221 234 207 234 231 247 247 247 90 68 68 58 56 47 47 42 42 0 0 110 122 138 119 99 75 75 0 0 38
315、 52 68 42 53 163 187Middle EastBahrainIranIsraelJordanSyriaUnited Arab EmiratesRussia and Central AsiaRussiaAzerbaijanGeorgiaKazakhstanTajikistanUzbekistan(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All ri
316、ghts reserved.Eni World Energy Review 2022 66Crude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Imports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR -100.0%-100.0%-13.9%1.2%-27.8%-10.3%-0.8%-1.4%-100.0%-100.0%1.8%3.4%-100.0%-21.1%-2.7%66.5%-5.9%13.8%-100.0
317、%-100.0%6 6 6 5 5 5 3 0 0 30 34 28 30 20 11 6 0 0 50 73 64 119 120 122 104 97 83 39 33 6 29 5 4 17 14 10 76 59 62 34 48 49 58 51 51 35 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 144 109 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 13 22 23 24 20 20 19 19 4 4 6 6 6 5 5 0 0 405 385 364 413 347 379 440 361 285 0 0 6 18 14 15 15 9 15 23 4 19 19 13 11 3 17
318、 16 8 13 13 10 10 12 14 6 0AfricaAlgeriaCameroonEgyptGhanaIvory CoastKenyaMoroccoSenegalSierra LeoneSouth AfricaSudanTunisiaZambia(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.67OIL-TRADE
319、 AND PRICESCrude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Imports 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR -17.6%-7.7%9.2%0.7%-100.0%-5.4%7.2%7.1%2.3%42.0%-0.6%1.6%-3.0%-100.0%-100.0%-46.2%-4.1%1.1%0.4%-12.9%-3.2%53.2%7.8%-6.7%3.3%-3.2%-6.3%-3.1%0.
320、0%10.9%0.2%-2.0%0.9%3.1%-1.3%3.2%0.3%23.7%379 469 315 330 331 357 325 236 195 22 26 22 27 24 22 24 26 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 66 0 2,543 4,767 6,728 7,641 8,412 9,263 10,141 10,882 10,294 2,026 3,335 4,135 4,361 4,493 4,617 4,626 4,005 4,289 332 284 384 415 396 316 210 188 267 4,093 3,436 3,203 3,137 3,15
321、8 2,995 2,953 2,416 2,455 0 0 4 5 6 8 3 0 0 164 159 171 222 207 189 198 185 100 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 90 98 102 106 110 99 103 79 68 176 136 177 177 211 183 180 203 311 18 20 13 27 28 26 26 30 28 215 184 213 215 211 235 171 93 90 1,180 896 976 1,042 1,156 1,129 1,074 929 900 40 36 34 34 30 35 3
322、7 33 37 2,309 2,355 2,755 2,905 3,012 3,006 2,896 2,642 2,588 1,045 876 841 859 853 880 889 740 763 828 849 891 878 927 980 873 853 880 0 0 4 9 24 109 155 234 290Asia-PacificAustraliaBangladeshBruneiChinaIndiaIndonesiaJapanLaosMalaysiaNew ZealandNorth KoreaPakistanPapua New GuineaPhilippinesSingapor
323、eSri-LankaSouth KoreaTaiwanThailandVietnam(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.Eni World Energy Review 2022 68Crude and non conventional oil (thousand barrels/day)Countries(*)Imp
324、orts 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 20.2%-4.6%-2.4%-0.8%11.2%0.3%10.6%-100.0%10.7%-6.0%4.9%-8.7%-100.0%-0.8%-0.4%-100.0%-0.5%-3.6%-100.0%-100.0%-100.0%3.9%-4.3%4.7%0.4%0.3%-3.7%4 0 16 15 22 10 0 0 0 343 339 298 155 145 186 172 168 202 928 770 570 806 822 7
325、59 922 720 702 204 158 169 169 175 171 183 146 163 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 11 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 39 89 78 66 50 45 44 41 45 42 27 16 23 20 25 24 10 10 20 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 23 24 24 20 21 27 22 22 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 232 89 185 162 87 65 0 0 0 15 15 15 12 14 13 11 10 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98
326、97 87 107 128 115 107 42 0 92 68 78 101 88 63 0 0 0 10,921 9,862 7,363 7,872 7,973 7,770 6,801 5,877 6,108 41 39 39 39 10 42 39 38 40 0 9 33 6 1 2 4 6 6AmericasArgentinaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaCosta RicaCubaDominican RepublicEl SalvadorGuatemalaJamaicaMexicoNetherland Antilles NicaraguaParaguayPeru
327、Trinidad and TobagoUnited StatesUruguayVenezuela(*)Data source:Enis estimates on Enerdata Global Energy Market&CO2 Data,IEA(2022)Monthly Oil Data Services and other official data sources.All rights reserved.69OIL-TRADE AND PRICES 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021(*)Data source:ICE London
328、and CME New York.(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGR 64.2%-1.1%73.1%-1.4%55.3 80.3 53.6 45.1 54.7 71.7 64.2 43.2 70.9 56.7 79.6 48.8 43.5 50.9 64.9 57.0 39.3 68.1ICE BrentCME WTI(US$/barrel)Crude Future PricesCrude Future Prices and Open Interests(*)-4.9%10.4%6.5%4.9%350,337 813,445 1,922,243 2,195,065 2
329、,401,096 2,369,529 2,379,096 2,544,098 2,418,589 819,675 1,341,531 1,679,710 1,818,925 2,282,425 2,378,026 2,077,109 2,126,738 2,265,907ICE BrentCME WTI(no.contracts-daily totals)Total Open Interests(2021-2020)(2021-2010)y/y CAGRICE Brent Price 1 Month(*)WTI vs Brent 1 Month Differential(*)CME WTI T
330、otal Open Interests(*)200520062007200820092000020.0100.080.060.040.02005200620072008200920000.00.0-4.0-8.0-12.0-16.0-20.02005200620072008200920000,000,0002,500,0002,000
331、,0001,500,0001,000,000500,00003,000,0002,500,0002,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,000020052006200720082009200001920202021(US$/barrel)(no.contracts-daily totals)(no.contracts-daily totals)(US$/barrel)ICE Brent Total Open Interests(*)Eni World Energy Review 2022 70Oil-Pro
332、duction Quality WORLDCrude Production by QualityCrude Production by GravityCrude Production by Sulphur ContentQuality and Production Volume of Main CrudesEUROPECrude Production by QualityQuality and Production Volume of Main CrudesCountriesRUSSIA AND CENTRAL ASIACrude Production by QualityQuality an
333、d Production Volume of Main CrudesCountriesMIDDLE EAST Crude Production by QualityQuality and Production Volume of Main CrudesCountriesAFRICACrude Production by QualityQuality and Production Volume of Main CrudesCountriesASIA-PACIFICCrude Production by QualityQuality and Production Volume of Main CrudesCountriesAMERICASCrude Production by QualityQuality and Production Volume of Main CrudesCountrie