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1、1 制冷空调设备及系统制冷剂管理规范制冷空调设备及系统制冷剂管理规范解读与发布解读与发布 Interpretation and Release of Technical Specification for Refrigerant Management of Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Equipment and System 1 中国制冷空调工业协会中国制冷空调工业协会 China Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Industry Association(CRAA)刘璐璐刘璐璐 Liu Lulu 2023.4.8
2、2 目目 录录Contents 1 背景背景Background 2 主要内容主要内容Main Contents 3 关键要求关键要求Key Requirements 2 3 中国是全球最大的制冷空调设备生产国、消费国、出口国。中国是全球最大的制冷空调设备生产国、消费国、出口国。China is the worlds largest producer,consumer and exporter of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment.中国也是当今全球最大的制冷剂消费国,年消费量超过中国也是当今全球最大的制冷剂消费国,年消费量超过35万吨,
3、超过全球消费量的万吨,超过全球消费量的50%,折合,折合CO2当量超过当量超过5亿吨。亿吨。China is also the worlds largest consumer of refrigerants,with an annual consumption of more than 350,000 tons.The amount is equivalent to over 500 million tons of CO2 emission,exceeding 50%of global consumption.2011年,国际空调制冷和供热制造商协会联合会(年,国际空调制冷和供热制造商协会联合
4、会(ICARHMA)正式发布了“制冷剂负责任使)正式发布了“制冷剂负责任使用声明”用声明”.In 2011,the International Council of Air Conditioning,Refrigeration,and Heating Manufacturers Associations(ICARHMA)issued Policy Statement on Responsible Use of Refrigerant.通过对制冷剂及含制冷剂的设备进行有效地管理通过对制冷剂及含制冷剂的设备进行有效地管理Effective management of refrigerants an
5、d refrigerant-containing equipment 加强培训加强培训Enhance training 推行良好的操作规范推行良好的操作规范Promote good practice in servcing sector 促进制冷剂回收、再利用及处置促进制冷剂回收、再利用及处置Promote refrigerant recovery,reuse and disposal 减少制冷剂的泄漏和排放减少制冷剂的泄漏和排放Reduce refrigerant leakage and emissions 降低运行能耗降低运行能耗Reduce operating energy consum
6、ption 1 背景背景Background 4 发达国家和地区普遍重视制冷剂的管理,多年前就提出了制冷剂管理的政策发达国家和地区普遍重视制冷剂的管理,多年前就提出了制冷剂管理的政策或标准。或标准。Developed countries and regions generally attach importance to the management of refrigerants,and policies or standards for refrigerant management have been proposed many years ago.欧盟欧盟F-gas法规法规 EU F-g
7、as regulation 美国美国清洁空气法清洁空气法,ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 1472019制冷空调设备和系统制冷空调设备和系统减少卤代制冷剂的排放减少卤代制冷剂的排放U.S.Clean Air Act ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 147-2019 Reducing the Release of Halogenated Refrigerants from Refrigerating 日本含氟化合物日本含氟化合物排放抑制法排放抑制法Japans Fluorine-containing Compounds Emission Control Act 5 本标准编制
8、时,对制冷剂管理的基本要求综合参考了欧盟本标准编制时,对制冷剂管理的基本要求综合参考了欧盟F-gas法规、美国法规、美国ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 1472019、日本、日本含氟化合物排放抑制法含氟化合物排放抑制法中的相关要中的相关要求,并结合国内制冷空调产品的使用、制冷剂管理的现状提出了相关规定。求,并结合国内制冷空调产品的使用、制冷剂管理的现状提出了相关规定。The requirements for refrigerant management in this standard are comprehensively referred to the relevant requ
9、irements in the EU F-gas regulation,the US ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 147-2019,and Japans Fluorine-containing Compound Emission Suppression Law,and combined with the use of domestic refrigeration and air conditioning products and the current situation of refrigerant management.标准制定的思路是制冷剂的管理需要贯穿在制冷空调设备整个寿
10、命期,本标准将为标准制定的思路是制冷剂的管理需要贯穿在制冷空调设备整个寿命期,本标准将为制冷空调行业相关产品、维修保养规范制定提供参考。制冷空调行业相关产品、维修保养规范制定提供参考。The idea behind this standard is that the management of refrigerants needs to run through the entire life cycle of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.This standard will provide reference for the for
11、mulation of related products and maintenance specifications for the refrigeration and air conditioning industry.5 6 中国制冷空调工业协会制冷空调工程工作委员会中国制冷空调工业协会制冷空调工程工作委员会 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 特灵空调系统(中国)有限公司特灵空调系统(中国)有限公司 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 广东美的暖通设备有限公司广东美的暖通设备有限公司 约克广州空调冷冻设备有限公司约克广州空调冷冻设备有限公司 烟台市奥威制
12、冷设备有限公司烟台市奥威制冷设备有限公司 清华大学清华大学 浙江大学浙江大学 天津大学天津大学 同济大学同济大学 霍尼韦尔(中国)有限公司霍尼韦尔(中国)有限公司 天津澳宏环保材料有限公司天津澳宏环保材料有限公司 浙江飞越机电有限公司浙江飞越机电有限公司 6 标准起草单位标准起草单位 Standard drafting participants 南京春木制冷机电设备科技有限公司南京春木制冷机电设备科技有限公司 大金空调技术(中国)有限公司大金空调技术(中国)有限公司 珠海格力电器股份有限公司珠海格力电器股份有限公司 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 深圳麦克维尔空调有限
13、公司深圳麦克维尔空调有限公司 科慕化学(上海)有限公司科慕化学(上海)有限公司 江森自控日立万宝压缩机(广州)有限公司江森自控日立万宝压缩机(广州)有限公司 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 山东神舟制冷设备有限公司山东神舟制冷设备有限公司 浙江正理生能科技有限公司浙江正理生能科技有限公司 南京五洲制冷集团有限公司南京五洲制冷集团有限公司 青岛绿环工业设备有限公司青岛绿环工业设备有限公司 浙江德富新能源技术有限公司浙江德富新能源技术有限公司 沈阳中航机电三洋制冷设备有限公司沈阳中航机电三洋制冷设备有限公司 28家单位参与起草:涵盖了制冷空调设备及其安装维修部门、研究院、高校
14、、制冷剂生产企家单位参与起草:涵盖了制冷空调设备及其安装维修部门、研究院、高校、制冷剂生产企业、回收设备生产和回收处理企业业、回收设备生产和回收处理企业 28 participants:covers the R&AC equipment manufacturs,after-sales service department,research institute,refrigerant production enterprises,recovery equipment production and recovery processing enterprises 7 目目 次次Catalog 1 范
15、围范围Scope 2 规范性引用文件规范性引用文件Normative References 3 术语和定义术语和定义Terms and Definitions 4 一般要求一般要求General Requirements 5 设计设计Design 6 产品开发和测试产品开发和测试 Product development and testing 7 制造制造Manufacture 8 安装安装Installation 9 维修维修/运行运行/保养保养Repair/Operation/Maintenance 10 报废报废Discard 11 制冷剂回收、再利用与处置制冷剂回收、再利用与处置Ref
16、rigerant recovery,reuse and disposal 附录附录A(资料性附录)制冷剂回收作业操作程序(资料性附录)制冷剂回收作业操作程序Appendix A(Informative Appendix)Operating Procedures for Refrigerant Recovery Operations 7 贯穿制冷剂全生命周期 设计设计design 制造制造Manufacture 安装安装install 开发和开发和 测试测试develop&test 报废报废Discard 运行运行 operation 维修维修 repair 保养保养maintenance 制冷
17、剂管理涉及的环节 8 1 适用范围:适用范围:氟代烃类制冷剂:氟代烃类制冷剂:HCFCsHCFCs、HFCsHFCs等含氟制冷剂,且主要针对制冷剂充注量大于等含氟制冷剂,且主要针对制冷剂充注量大于5 5吨二氧化碳当量的制冷空调设备。吨二氧化碳当量的制冷空调设备。Scope:Fluorohydrocarbon refrigerants:HCFCs,HFCs and other fluorinated refrigerants,and mainly for refrigeration and air conditioning equipment with refrigerant charge gr
18、eater than 5 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.8 冷冻冷藏设备冷冻冷藏设备Refrigeration equipment 冷水冷水(热泵热泵)机组机组Water chilling(heat pump)packages 热泵热水机热泵热水机Heat pump water heater 单元式空调机单元式空调机Unitary air conditioner 多联式空调多联式空调(热泵热泵)机组机组multi-split air conditioning(heat pump)units 压缩冷凝机组压缩冷凝机组Compression condensin
19、g unit 注:制冷剂充注量大于注:制冷剂充注量大于5 5吨二氧化碳当量含义是:制冷剂充注量折合的吨二氧化碳当量含义是:制冷剂充注量折合的CO2CO2当量,数值为制冷剂充注当量,数值为制冷剂充注 量的实物吨乘以制冷剂的量的实物吨乘以制冷剂的全全球变暖潜值球变暖潜值(GWPGWP)。)。Note:If the refrigerant to be charged is greater than 5 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent,it means that the refrigerant to be charged is equivalent to the C
20、O2 equivalent.The value is the physical ton of the refrigerant to be charged multiplied by the global warming potential(GWP)of the refrigerant.9 3 术语和定义术语和定义Terms and Definitions 制冷剂循环系统制冷剂循环系统Refrigerant cycle system 制冷剂回收制冷剂回收Refrigerant recovery 制冷剂再循环制冷剂再循环Refrigerant recycling 制冷剂再生制冷剂再生Refrige
21、rant reclamation 制冷剂处置制冷剂处置Refrigerant disposal 9 10 5 设计设计Design 设计是制冷空调设备及系统进行制冷剂管理第一个环节,良好的设计将为后设计是制冷空调设备及系统进行制冷剂管理第一个环节,良好的设计将为后面环节制冷剂的管理打下良好的基础。设计过程中,应采取尽可能减少制冷剂充面环节制冷剂的管理打下良好的基础。设计过程中,应采取尽可能减少制冷剂充注量和泄漏的设计方案,比如尽量减少接头、采取相关措施以减少振动引起的泄注量和泄漏的设计方案,比如尽量减少接头、采取相关措施以减少振动引起的泄漏、安装必要的截止阀和检修阀、安装泄漏监测仪等。漏、安装
22、必要的截止阀和检修阀、安装泄漏监测仪等。Design is the first link of refrigerant management of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment and systems,and good design will lay a good foundation for the management of refrigerants in the later links.During the design process,design solutions should be adopted to minimize
23、 refrigerant charge and leakage,such as minimizing joints,taking relevant measures to reduce leakage caused by vibration,installing necessary shut-off valves and service valves,installing leak monitors,etc.10 11 6 产品开发和测试产品开发和测试Product development and testing 在产品开发和测试环节在产品开发和测试环节,规定了耐压试验规定了耐压试验、极限强度
24、试验极限强度试验、泄漏试验泄漏试验、制冷剂的处理制冷剂的处理、系统清洁系统清洁、抽真空抽真空、振动试验振动试验、数据记录和保存的相关要数据记录和保存的相关要求求。In the product development and testing process,the relevant requirements for withstand voltage test,ultimate strength test,leakage test,refrigerant treatment,system cleaning,vacuuming,vibration test,data recording and s
25、torage are specified.7 制造制造Manufacture 在制造环节在制造环节,提出了清洁提出了清洁、干燥干燥、泄漏试验泄漏试验、抽真空抽真空、保护充注保护充注、密封密封和 制 冷 剂 处 理 的 相 关 要 求和 制 冷 剂 处 理 的 相 关 要 求。In the manufacture process,the relevant requirements for cleaning,drying,leakage testing,vacuuming,protective charging,sealing and refrigerant treatment are propo
26、sed.11 12 8 安装安装Installation 在安装环节,提出了所有的管道和接头都应防止泄漏、现场耐压试验、现场在安装环节,提出了所有的管道和接头都应防止泄漏、现场耐压试验、现场泄漏试验、现场抽真空、现场充注、制冷剂充注记录和保存的相关要求。泄漏试验、现场抽真空、现场充注、制冷剂充注记录和保存的相关要求。In the installation process,all pipelines and joints should be leakage prevention,on-site withstand pressure test,on-site leakage test,on-sit
27、e vacuum,on-site charging,refrigerant charging record and preservation requirements are proposed.9 维修维修/运行运行/保养保养Repair/Operation/Maintenance 在维修过程中,本标准中规定不允许在同一系统中混用不同的制冷剂。如需改在维修过程中,本标准中规定不允许在同一系统中混用不同的制冷剂。如需改变系统的制冷剂,应执行变系统的制冷剂,应执行GB/T 9237 的规定。的规定。During maintenance,it is specified in this standar
28、d that it is not allowed to mix different refrigerants in the same system.If the refrigerant of the system needs to be changed,the provisions of GB/T 9237 should be implemented.12 13 在运行在运行/保养环节保养环节,本标准规定了工商用系统的制冷剂超过本标准规定了工商用系统的制冷剂超过5吨吨CO2当量当量,操作人员应对设备检漏操作人员应对设备检漏。检检漏应按以下频率进行:漏应按以下频率进行:In the operat
29、ion/maintenance process,this standard stipulates that the refrigerant of industrial and commercial systems exceeds 5 tons of CO2 equivalent,and the operator should detect the equipment for leakage.Leak detection should be carried out at the following frequency:a)设备的制冷剂不低于设备的制冷剂不低于5吨但少于吨但少于50吨吨CO2当量当
30、量,至少每至少每12个月检漏一次;如果已安装了在线制冷剂泄个月检漏一次;如果已安装了在线制冷剂泄漏监测仪漏监测仪,至少每至少每24个月检漏一次个月检漏一次。The refrigerant of the equipment is not less than 5 tons but less than 50 tons of CO2 equivalent,and leak detection is carried out at least once every 12 months;If an in-line refrigerant leak monitor is installed,leak dete
31、ction is carried out at least every 24 months.b)设备的制冷剂不低于设备的制冷剂不低于50吨但少于吨但少于500吨吨CO2当量当量,至少每至少每6个月检漏一次;如果已安装了在线制冷剂泄个月检漏一次;如果已安装了在线制冷剂泄漏监测仪漏监测仪,至少每至少每12个月检漏一次个月检漏一次。The refrigerant of the equipment is not less than 50 tons but less than 500 tons of CO2 equivalent,and leakage is detected at least once
32、 every 6 months;If an online refrigerant leak monitor is installed,leak detection is carried out at least once every 12 months.c)设备的制冷剂不低于设备的制冷剂不低于500吨吨CO2当量当量,至少每至少每3个月检漏一次;如果已安装了在线制冷剂泄漏监测仪个月检漏一次;如果已安装了在线制冷剂泄漏监测仪,至少每至少每6个月检漏一次个月检漏一次。The refrigerant of the equipment is not less than 500 tons of CO2
33、equivalent,and leakage is detected at least once every 3 months;If an online refrigerant leak monitor is installed,leak detection is carried out at least every 6 months.该检漏频率与现行的欧盟该检漏频率与现行的欧盟F-gas法规法规(Regulation(EU)No 517/2014)一致一致。This leak detection frequency is in line with the current EU F-gas R
34、egulation(Regulation(EU)No 517/2014).13 14 10 报废报废Discard 本节规定了报废条件,提出待报废设备应交由符合资质要求的回收拆解公司本节规定了报废条件,提出待报废设备应交由符合资质要求的回收拆解公司进行拆解报废,拆解前对制冷剂进行回收和处理。进行拆解报废,拆解前对制冷剂进行回收和处理。This section sets out the conditions for scrapping,and proposes that equipment to be scrapped should be dismantled and scrapped by a
35、 recycling and dismantling company that meets the qualification requirements,and the refrigerant is recovered and treated before dismantling.11 制冷剂回收、再利用与处置制冷剂回收、再利用与处置Refrigerant recovery,reuse and disposal 本节规定了制冷剂回收流程、回收安全要求、回收技术要求、制冷剂的贮存与本节规定了制冷剂回收流程、回收安全要求、回收技术要求、制冷剂的贮存与运输等相关要求。运输等相关要求。This sec
36、tion specifies the refrigerant recovery process,recovery safety requirements,recovery technical requirements,storage and transportation of refrigerants,and other related requirements.14 15 在在试验、制造、维修、报废等环节,设备和系统内的制冷剂严禁直接向大气排试验、制造、维修、报废等环节,设备和系统内的制冷剂严禁直接向大气排放。严禁利用制冷剂清洁系统和零部件,严禁利用制冷剂作为保护充注的气体。放。严禁利用制冷
37、剂清洁系统和零部件,严禁利用制冷剂作为保护充注的气体。应对所有的制冷剂进行回收利用或回收后进行再循环利用,或回收后按照国家应对所有的制冷剂进行回收利用或回收后进行再循环利用,或回收后按照国家规范送交有资质的单位进行再生利用或无害化处置。规范送交有资质的单位进行再生利用或无害化处置。In the testing,manufacture,maintenance,scrapping and other links,the refrigerant in the equipment and system is strictly prohibited to be directly emitted to t
38、he atmosphere.It is strictly forbidden to use refrigerant to clean systems and components,and it is strictly forbidden to use refrigerant as a protective gas charge.All refrigerants should be recovered or recycled after recovery,or sent to qualified units for recycling or harmless disposal in accord
39、ance with national regulations.设备维修需更换制冷剂循环系统零部件或若需打开和制冷剂连通的部分,应先设备维修需更换制冷剂循环系统零部件或若需打开和制冷剂连通的部分,应先回收制冷剂或者将制冷剂全部隔离在远离泄漏点的部位(使用截止阀)。回收制冷剂或者将制冷剂全部隔离在远离泄漏点的部位(使用截止阀)。Equipment maintenance requires replacement of refrigerant circulation system components or open the part connected with the refrigerant i
40、f necessary,the refrigerant should be recovered first or all refrigerant should be isolated away from the leakage point(use a shut-off valve).15 16 3 关键要求关键要求Key requirements 从业要求从业要求Practitioner requirements 企业:企业:制冷空调设备的维修、报废处理等经营活动的单位,应当按照国家法律法规的规定向所制冷空调设备的维修、报废处理等经营活动的单位,应当按照国家法律法规的规定向所在地县级人民政府生
41、态环境主管部门备案。在地县级人民政府生态环境主管部门备案。Enterprises:Enterprises engaged in business activities such as maintenance and scrapping of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment shall file with the competent department of ecology and environment of the government at the county level where they are located in ac
42、cordance with the provisions of national laws and regulations.从业人员:从业人员:The Professional 从事制冷剂处理、监管从事制冷剂处理、监管的人员还应掌握制冷剂管理相应的专业知识和技能,经考核合格后的人员还应掌握制冷剂管理相应的专业知识和技能,经考核合格后方可上岗方可上岗。Personnel engaged in refrigerant treatment and supervision should also master the corresponding professional knowledge and s
43、kills of refrigerant management,and can only take up their posts after passing the assessment.从业人员还应具有良好的环保意识,在操作过程中严禁故意排放制冷剂到大气中。从业人员还应具有良好的环保意识,在操作过程中严禁故意排放制冷剂到大气中。Practitioners should also have a good sense of environmental protection,and it is strictly forbidden to deliberately discharge refrige
44、rants into the atmosphere during operation.在涉及制冷剂的操作时,应严格按照规范执行,做好个人防护,如佩戴安全眼镜、手套和在涉及制冷剂的操作时,应严格按照规范执行,做好个人防护,如佩戴安全眼镜、手套和安全鞋等,避免液化制冷剂喷射到人身,因为它可能会导致冻伤。安全鞋等,避免液化制冷剂喷射到人身,因为它可能会导致冻伤。When it comes to the operation of refrigerants,it should be strictly carried out in accordance with the specifications,an
45、d personal protection should be done,such as wearing safety glasses,gloves and safety shoes,etc.,to avoid spraying liquefied refrigerant into the person,as it may cause frostbite.16 17 数据记录数据记录 Data Logging:消耗臭氧层物质管理条例消耗臭氧层物质管理条例完整保存有关生产经营活动的原始资料至少完整保存有关生产经营活动的原始资料至少3年,年,并按照国务院生态环境主管部门的规定报送相关数据。并按照国
46、务院生态环境主管部门的规定报送相关数据。The Regulations on the Administration of Ozone-Depleting Substances shall keep the original data related to production and business activities for at least 3 years,and submit relevant data in accordance with the provisions of the competent department of ecology and environment un
47、der the State Council.ISO9000质量管理体系质量管理体系:应在贯穿产品应在贯穿产品/服务实现过程控制并记录产品服务实现过程控制并记录产品/服务的唯服务的唯一性标识并保持记录,防止发生混淆。一性标识并保持记录,防止发生混淆。ISO9000 Quality Management System:Process control should be achieved throughout the product/service and the unique identification of the product/service should be recorded and
48、kept to prevent confusion.本标准还提出了制冷剂的使用应每年按照国家生态环境部门的规定申请配额或本标准还提出了制冷剂的使用应每年按照国家生态环境部门的规定申请配额或备案管理,并向行业协会报送使用数据。备案管理,并向行业协会报送使用数据。This standard also proposes that the use of refrigerants should apply for quota or record management in accordance with the provisions of the national ecological environm
49、ent department every year,and report the use data to the industry association.17 18 压力和泄漏相关试验压力和泄漏相关试验 Pressure and leakage related tests:在本标准中,在产品开发和测试、制造、安装、维修环节均提出了泄漏试验的要求;在产品开发在本标准中,在产品开发和测试、制造、安装、维修环节均提出了泄漏试验的要求;在产品开发和测试环节,提出了制冷空调设备应按照和测试环节,提出了制冷空调设备应按照GB/T 9237和产品标准的要求进行耐压试验和极限强度和产品标准的要求进行耐压试验
50、和极限强度试验;在安装环节,提出了大中型系统现场充注制冷剂前,系统应进行耐压试验。试验;在安装环节,提出了大中型系统现场充注制冷剂前,系统应进行耐压试验。In this standard,leakage test requirements are put forward in product development and testing,manufacturing,installation and maintenance;In the process of product development and testing,it is proposed that refrigeration an
51、d air conditioning equipment should be subjected to pressure test and ultimate strength test in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 9237and product standards;In the installation process,it is proposed that the system should undergo a pressure test before the large and medium-sized system is fil
52、led with refrigerant on site.按照压力容器标准,从试验的目的来说,压力和泄漏相关试验可以分为三类:耐压试验、泄漏类按照压力容器标准,从试验的目的来说,压力和泄漏相关试验可以分为三类:耐压试验、泄漏类试验和验证性强度试验。耐压试验包括三类试验:液压试验试验和验证性强度试验。耐压试验包括三类试验:液压试验(设计压力的设计压力的1.25倍倍)、气压试验(设、气压试验(设计压力的计压力的1.1倍)和气液组合试验(设计压力的倍)和气液组合试验(设计压力的1.1倍)。倍)。According to the pressure vessel standard,from the pu
53、rpose of the test,the pressure and leakage related tests can be divided into three categories:pressure test,leakage test and confirmatory strength test.The withstand pressure test includes three types of tests:hydraulic test(1.25 times the design pressure),air pressure test(1.1 times the design pres
54、sure)and gas-liquid combination test(1.1 times the design pressure).18 19 压力和泄漏相关试验压力和泄漏相关试验 Pressure and leakage related tests:泄漏类试验分成两类试验:一类是考核容器中盛装的介质是否存在向环境的不允许泄漏类试验分成两类试验:一类是考核容器中盛装的介质是否存在向环境的不允许泄漏,通常叫做泄漏试验(外漏试验),包括气密性试验、氨检漏试验、卤素检漏泄漏,通常叫做泄漏试验(外漏试验),包括气密性试验、氨检漏试验、卤素检漏试验和氦检漏试验等;试验和氦检漏试验等;Leakage
55、test is divided into two types of tests:one is to assess whether the medium contained in the container is not allowed to leak to the environment,usually called leakage test(leakage test),including air tightness test,ammonia leak test,halogen leak test and helium leak test;另一类是考核环境中的空气是否存在向容器内部的不允许泄漏
56、,通常叫做真空试验另一类是考核环境中的空气是否存在向容器内部的不允许泄漏,通常叫做真空试验(内漏试验)。验证性强度试验包括爆破试验和极限强度试验(内漏试验)。验证性强度试验包括爆破试验和极限强度试验。The other is to assess whether the air in the environment is not allowed to leak into the inside of the container,usually called a vacuum test(internal leakage test).Confirmatory strength tests includ
57、e burst tests and ultimate strength tests.19 20 泄漏监测和检漏泄漏监测和检漏 Leak monitoring and leak detection:制冷剂的泄漏为了及时被发现,需要对制冷剂的泄漏情况进行监测,监测到泄漏后,制冷剂的泄漏为了及时被发现,需要对制冷剂的泄漏情况进行监测,监测到泄漏后,使用检漏仪或检漏的措施找到泄漏口。使用检漏仪或检漏的措施找到泄漏口。In order to detect the leakage of refrigerant in time,it is necessary to monitor the leakage o
58、f the refrigerant,and after monitoring the leakage,use a leak detector or leak detection measures to find the leakage outlet.本标准规定了在运行本标准规定了在运行/保养环节检漏的频率要求,也规定了对制冷剂泄漏监测仪的配备保养环节检漏的频率要求,也规定了对制冷剂泄漏监测仪的配备要求:要求:a)制冷剂不低于制冷剂不低于500吨吨CO2当量设备的操作人员,工作时应配置制冷剂泄漏监测当量设备的操作人员,工作时应配置制冷剂泄漏监测仪,一旦发生泄漏将向操作人员或维修公司发出报警;仪,
59、一旦发生泄漏将向操作人员或维修公司发出报警;b)大中型制冷空调系统的机房大中型制冷空调系统的机房应配备制冷剂泄漏监测仪并与报警系统联动,以预警早期制冷剂泄漏。应配备制冷剂泄漏监测仪并与报警系统联动,以预警早期制冷剂泄漏。This standard specifies the frequency requirements for leakage detection in the operation/maintenance link,and also stipulates the requirements for the configuration of refrigerant leakage m
60、onitors:a)The operator of the refrigerant equipment with no less than 500 tons of CO2 equivalent should be equipped with a refrigerant leakage monitor when working,and an alarm will be issued to the operator or maintenance company once a leakage occurs;b)The computer room of large and medium-sized r
61、efrigeration and air conditioning systems should be equipped with refrigerant leakage monitors and linked with the alarm system to warn of early refrigerant leakage.20 21 抽真空抽真空Vacuuming:本标准的规定为:本标准的规定为:7.3 制造环节抽真空“进行工厂充注的系统进行泄漏试验合制造环节抽真空“进行工厂充注的系统进行泄漏试验合格后,应抽真空至绝对压力格后,应抽真空至绝对压力132Pa或相关标准及厂家文件规定的更低压
62、力,去或相关标准及厂家文件规定的更低压力,去除水蒸气和不凝性气体”;除水蒸气和不凝性气体”;The provisions of this standard are:7.3 Vacuum in the manufacturing process After passing the leakage test of the factory-charged system,it should be vacuumed to an absolute pressure of 132Pa or lower pressure specified in relevant standards and factory
63、documents to remove water vapor and non-condensable gases;8.4安装环节现场抽真空“进行现场充注的系统进行泄漏试验合格后,应抽真空安装环节现场抽真空“进行现场充注的系统进行泄漏试验合格后,应抽真空至绝对压力至绝对压力270Pa或相关标准及厂家文件规定的更低压力,去除水蒸气和不凝或相关标准及厂家文件规定的更低压力,去除水蒸气和不凝性气体”。性气体”。On-site vacuum in the installation link After the leakage test of the on-site charging system is
64、 qualified,it should be vacuumed to an absolute pressure of 270Pa or a lower pressure specified in relevant standards and manufacturer documents to remove water vapor and non-condensable gases.21 22 小小 结结 随着全球对环境保护的日益重视,加强制冷空调设备及系统制冷剂的管理已经越来越受随着全球对环境保护的日益重视,加强制冷空调设备及系统制冷剂的管理已经越来越受到各国的重视。到各国的重视。With
65、the increasing attention of the world to environmental protection,strengthening the management of refrigerants in refrigeration and air conditioning equipment and system has received more and more attention from all countries.制冷剂的管理贯穿在制冷空调设备的整个寿命期,涉及环节和操作人员多,经济成本高,制冷剂的管理贯穿在制冷空调设备的整个寿命期,涉及环节和操作人员多,经济
66、成本高,实施起来面临众多的压力和挑战。实施起来面临众多的压力和挑战。The management of refrigerants runs through the entire life cycle of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment,involving many links and operators,high economic costs,and facing many pressures and challenges in implementation.本标准的首次制定,就是一个良好的开端,未来还需要加强制冷剂管理相关的政策、法
67、本标准的首次制定,就是一个良好的开端,未来还需要加强制冷剂管理相关的政策、法规、标准制定和协调,推动制冷剂管理的落实实施,为规、标准制定和协调,推动制冷剂管理的落实实施,为蒙特利尔议定书蒙特利尔议定书履约做出应履约做出应有的贡献。有的贡献。The first formulation of this standard is a good start,and it is necessary to strengthen the development and coordination of policies,regulations,standards and regulations related to refrigerant management in the future,promote the implementation of refrigerant management,and make contributions to the implementation of the Montreal Protocol.22 23 23 谢谢 谢谢!