《GSMA:2024年全球移动经济报告(英文版)(49页).pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《GSMA:2024年全球移动经济报告(英文版)(49页).pdf(49页珍藏版)》请在三个皮匠报告上搜索。
1、The MobileEconomy2024 The GSMA is a global organisation unifying the mobile ecosystem to discover,develop and deliver innovation foundational to positive business environments and societal change.Our vision is to unlock the full power of connectivity so that people,industry and society thrive.Repres
2、enting mobile operators and organisations across the mobile ecosystem and adjacent industries,the GSMA delivers for its members across three broad pillars:Connectivity for Good,Industry Services and Solutions,and Outreach.This activity includes advancing policy,tackling todays biggest societal chall
3、enges,underpinning the technology and interoperability that make mobile work,and providing the worlds largest platform to convene the mobile ecosystem at the MWC and M360 series of events.We invite you to find out more at Follow the GSMA on Twitter:GSMAGSMA Intelligence is the definitive source of g
4、lobal mobile operator data,analysis and forecasts,and publisher of authoritative industry reports and research.Our data covers every operator group,network and MVNO in every country worldwide from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe.It is the most accurate and complete set of industry metrics available,comprisi
5、ng tens of millions of individual data points,updated daily.GSMA Intelligence is relied on by leading operators,vendors,regulators,financial institutions and third-party industry players,to support strategic decision-making and long-term investment planning.The data is used as an industry reference
6、point and is frequently cited by the media and by the industry itself.Our team of analysts and experts produce regular thought-leading research reports across a range of industry Copyright 2024 GSMAContentsExecutive summary21.The mobile industry in numbers102.Mobile industry trends212.15G:5G standal
7、one and 5G-Advanced come into focus222.2Network APIs:the mobile ecosystem rallies to support 5G monetisation252.3Satellite:emerging solutions and partnerships reshape the connectivity landscape272.4Digital consumer:eSIM adoption should accelerate as new services launch312.5Generative AI:operators ta
8、ke steps to realise benefits333.Mobile industry impact363.1The mobile industrys impact on the SDGs373.2Empowering women micro-entrepreneurs through mobile424.Mobile industry enablers44Mobile connectivity remains pivotal in driving digital innovation.It empowers individuals and enterprises with a wid
9、e array of transformative technologies while also aiding governments in delivering positive societal impacts.By the end of 2023,5.6 billion people(69%of the global population)subscribed to a mobile service,representing an increase of 1.6 billion people since 2015.Growth in mobile internet penetratio
10、n has been even faster.At the end of 2023,58%of the worlds population used mobile internet,equating to 4.7 billion users an increase of 2.1 billion since 2015.However,the usage gap remains:3 billion people live in areas covered by mobile broadband networks but do not use mobile internet.Addressing t
11、he usage gap is crucial to closing the digital divide,thereby unlocking the benefits of life-enhancing applications beyond communication,including digital finance,health and clean energy.The impact of mobile connectivity is evidenced by its contribution to the economy.In 2023,mobile technologies and
12、 services generated 5.4%of global GDP,a contribution that amounted to$5.7 trillion of economic value added,and supported around 35 million jobs.Transforming lives through mobile connectivityExecutive summary2/47Executive summary5G standalone and 5G-Advanced are the next phase The mobile industry is
13、increasingly moving to the 5G standalone(SA)and 5G-Advanced standards to unlock innovative 5G use cases and create new revenue streams.As of January 2024,47 operators offered commercial 5G services on SA networks,while more than half of operators expect to deploy 5G-Advanced within a year after stan
14、dards are released.Increased 5G SA and 5G-Advanced activities in 2024 will kick-start a new round of 5G investment,especially in pioneer markets.This has the potential to open up a wealth of opportunities to enable enhanced functionality and use cases for the enterprise market.Network API initiative
15、s gain tractionAlthough it has been possible to expose network APIs for a while,operators have struggled to adopt a standardised approach that achieves scale.However,recent efforts by the mobile industry to develop a common set of network APIs have provided new momentum to operator initiatives.The u
16、ltimate goal of network API exposure is to better monetise network assets and capabilities.While working with external developer teams to achieve this goal receives the most attention,the exposure of network capabilities via APIs should also assist internal teams within operators in creating new ser
17、vices.Telco-satellite partnerships set for take-offTelecoms networks have driven voice and data connectivity to current levels(over 4.7 billion mobile internet subscribers today).Satellites and other non-terrestrial networks(NTNs)have also been providing connectivity but at a much lower scale.Howeve
18、r,advances in various satellite and NTN solutions have resulted in performance improvements,lower deployment costs and more commercially viable business models,raising the prospects of greater participation in the connectivity landscape.In the last two years,the list of partnerships between telecoms
19、 operators and satellite companies has grown,with more deals expected in 2024 and beyond.Meanwhile,direct-to-device(D2D)solutions and partnerships are gaining traction following technical breakthroughs that have allowed satellites to connect to standard smartphones.Key trends shaping the mobile ecos
20、ystemAs of January 2024,47 operators offered commercial 5G services on SA networks,while more than half of operators expect to deploy 5G-Advanced within a year after standards are released3/47Executive summaryeSIM adoption to gather paceThe number of eSIM consumer devices launched has grown signific
21、antly over the last five years and the number of commercial eSIM services is also on the rise.This has set the foundation for eSIM adoption to gather pace over the course of the decade.GSMA Intelligences baseline scenario predicts around 1 billion eSIM smartphone connections globally by the end of 2
22、025,growing to 6.9 billion by 2030.This would account for around three quarters of the total number of smartphone connections by 2030.North America will be the region with the fastest rate of eSIM adoption due to Apples launch of eSIM-only smartphones in the US in September 2022.Operators explore th
23、e potential of generative AIFor mobile operators,the range of generative AI(genAI)applications is broad.Much of the early work has focused on using the technology to improve customer services and support sales and marketing activities.However,as genAI matures,there is potential for operators to not
24、only support internal use cases but generate new revenues from AI investments.SK Telecoms bold AI pyramid strategy speaks to this opportunity,as do recent product announcements from the likes of KT,NTT and SoftBank.While there is clear potential to reap significant benefits from the application of g
25、enAI,ethical concerns around the technology still need to be addressed.The mobile industry is committed to the ethical use of AI in its operations and customer interactions.4/47Executive summaryPolicies for growth and innovation The World Radiocommunication Conference 2023(WRC-23)has set the agenda
26、for spectrum planning up to the end of the 2030s,with new spectrum harmonisation in low and mid-bands.The results at WRC-23 now need to be incorporated into national tables and plans before being effectively licensed at the correct time.As part of this work,countries will benefit from the developmen
27、t of spectrum roadmaps that consider market dynamics and growth in demand for mobile data.Roadmaps are an important means of ensuring there is sufficient spectrum for future demand from consumers and new technologies.Information on spectrum releases is critical for mobile operators to prepare invest
28、ment plans,secure financing and develop arrangements for deploying different technologies.Spectrum roadmaps can help define when spectrum should be made available,but barriers still remain.Setting aside spectrum for specific uses,such as local or bespoke private networks,is a frequent and unnecessar
29、y barrier to meeting demand and should be avoided in priority 5G bands(i.e.3.5,26 and 28 GHz).Approaches such as leasing or sharing are typically better options in these situations,while private mobile networks are commonly provided by mobile network operators(MNOs)within licensed public mobile spec
30、trum.The cost of spectrum also has a major impact.Governments and regulators should assign 5G spectrum to support their digital connectivity goals rather than as a means of maximising state revenues.Effective spectrum pricing policies are vital to support better quality and more affordable 5G servic
31、es.5/47Executive summary69%penetration rate*Percentage of population*Percentage of populationCAGR 2023-2030Uniquemobile subscribers6.3bn5.5bn74%penetration rate*2030The Mobile EconomyMobile internetusersSIMconnections4G5.6bn1.7%35%(excluding licensed cellular IoT)202358%penetration rate*65%penetrati
32、on rate*20304.7bn2023107%penetration rate*Percentage of populationCAGR 2023-20309.8bn114%penetration rate*20308.6bn1.8%2023CAGR 2023-20302.3%59%2023203056%18%20232030Percentage of connections(excluding licensed cellular IoT)5GPercentage of connections(excluding licensed cellular IoT)91%78%2023203020
33、232030Operator capex for the period 20232030:20235.4%of GDPTotal revenuesLicensedcellularIoT connectionsSmartphonesPercentage of connectionsMobiles contribution to GDP$560bnPublic fundingMobile ecosystem contribution to public funding(before regulatory and spectrum fees)Operator revenues and investm
34、entTotal revenues$1.11tn$1.25tnEmployment19m jobsDirectly supported by the mobile ecosystemPlus 16m indirect jobs5.8bn20303.5bn2023$1.5tn$6.4tn$5.7tn20232023203091%78%2023203020232030Operator capex for the period 20232030:20235.4%of GDPTotal revenues8/47Executive summary0+0+12+88+K0+0+55+45+K45%12%5
35、5%2023203088%Technology mix3G2G4G5GSubscriber penetrationSmartphone adoption2023202320302030Greater China88%84%89%93%1+6+52+41+K8+23+69+0+K52%8%23%1%69%6%2023203041%3G2G4G5GSubscriber penetrationSmartphone adoption2023202320302030Eurasia*Technology mix78%83%80%93%*Asia Pacific excludes Greater China
36、*Includes Armenia,Azerbaijan,Belarus,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Russia,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan2+2+50+46+K12+8+70+10+K10%50%12%8%2%70%2%2023203045%Technology mix3G2G4G5GSubscriber penetrationSmartphone adoption2023202320302030Asia Pacific*63%78%70%91%0+3+16+81+K4+9+67+20+K20%16%3%9%67%2%202
37、3203081%3G2G4G5GSubscriber penetrationSmartphone adoption2023202320302030EuropeTechnology mix91%82%93%91%9/47Executive summary2+33+48+17+K14+54+31+1+K1%48%14%55%2%31%33%2023203017%0+9+36+55+K5+23+66+6+K5%36%5%23%66%9%2023203055%5+12+33+50+K13+22+60+5+K4%33%13%22%4%60%11%2023203050%3G2G4G5G3G2G4G5G3G
38、2G4G5GNote:Totals may not add up due to roundingSmartphone adoption20232030Smartphone adoption20232030Subscriber penetrationSmartphone adoption2023202320302030Sub-Saharan AfricaMiddle East and North AfricaLatin AmericaTechnology mix80%92%0+3+7+90+K1+3+43+53+K53%7%1%3%43%2%2023203090%3G2G4G5GSubscrib
39、er penetrationSmartphone adoption2023202320302030North AmericaTechnology mix89%86%90%89%81%Technology mixTechnology mixSubscriber penetration20232030Subscriber penetration2023203072%78%65%75%90%44%55%49%86%01The mobile industry in numbersMore people than ever before are connecting to the mobile inte
40、rnet,but the rate of growth has slowedBy the end of 2023,5.6 billion people(69%of the global population)subscribed to a mobile service,representing an increase of 1.6 billion people since 2015.Despite saturation in high-income countries,there is still room for growth in many low-and middle-income co
41、untries(LMICs).Consequently,mobile penetration is projected to increase to 6.3 billion by 2030,encompassing 74%of the global population.Growth in mobile internet penetration has been even faster.At the end of 2023,58%of the worlds population used mobile internet,equating to 4.7 billion users an incr
42、ease of 2.1 billion since 2015.Of the 3.4 billion people who remain unconnected to mobile internet,90%(3 billion)live in an area already covered by mobile broadband but do not use mobile internet services.This underscores the urgency of addressing the primary barriers to mobile internet adoption,nam
43、ely affordability(particularly of handsets)and literacy/digital skills.Figure 1Global mobile internet connectivityPercentage of populationNote:Totals may not add up due to rounding.Every year,GSMA Intelligence updates its estimates of the number of mobile internet subscribers in each country,incorpo
44、rating new(and/or updated)data from operators,regulators,national statistics agencies and consumer surveys where available.In some countries and regions,estimates of mobile internet adoption may therefore differ from what was presented in previous editions of The Mobile Economy and The State of Mobi
45、le Internet Connectivity reports.2023 is based on estimated data and may be updated later in 2024.Source:GSMA Intelligence43%46%39%35%58%49%57%55%52%47%45%47%47%47%37%43%39%41%11%8%14%18%4%5%5%6%7%20002120222023ConnectedUsage gapCoverage gap1.36bn0.34bn3.46bn3.03bn2.59bn4.72bn1
46、1/47The mobile industry in numbersOver half of connections will be on 5G by 20295G commercialisation continues to gather pace around the world.As of January 2024,261 operators in 101 countries globally had launched commercial 5G mobile services.More markets are expected to follow,with more than 90 o
47、perators from 64 markets making a commitment to launch 5G in the coming years.There were 1.6 billion 5G connections at the end of 2023,which will rise to 5.5 billion by 2030.The number of connections on legacy networks(2G and 3G)will continue to decline in the coming years as users migrate to 4G and
48、 5G,leading to an increasing number of network sunsets.According to GSMA Intelligence,143 networks(2G and 3G)are scheduled to be retired between the end of 2023 and 2030,with around 50%of these planned by the end of 2024.11.Spectrum:five trends to watch in 2024,GSMA Intelligence,December 2023Figure
49、2Mobile adoption by technologyPercentage of total connectionsSource:GSMA Intelligence70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%202320242025202620272028202920305G56%3G8%2G1%4G35%12/47The mobile industry in numbersThe pace of 5G adoption will vary significantly around the world The GCC states,developed Asia Pacific,Nort
50、h America and Greater China will lead the way in terms of 5G adoption,driven by the expansion of network coverage,intensified 5G marketing efforts and the increasing prevalence of 5G devices.With 5G already established,leading operators in these markets are now rolling out 5G SA and making plans for
51、 5G-Advanced.However,in emerging 5G markets the pace of growth in connections and coverage will be slower due to challenges related to device affordability and spectrum availability.This highlights that 4G still has plenty of room to grow and will remain the dominant technology in many countries for
52、 the period to 2030.Figure 35G adoption in 2030Percentage of total connections*Australia,Japan,New Zealand,Singapore and South Korea Source:GSMA Intelligence5G connections(2030)99m1.69bn296m654m443mEmerging 5G marketsLeading 5G marketsGCC statesGreater ChinaDeveloped Asia Pacific*EuropeNorth America
53、425mLatin America1.14bnRest of Asia Pacific347mRest of MENA95%93%90%88%81%234mSub-Saharan Africa138mEurasia20232024-2030 increase41%55%44%40%17%13/47The mobile industry in numbersMobile data traffic will rise fourfold in the period to 2030 Despite talk of a slowdown in growth,monthly global mobile d
54、ata traffic per connection surged from 10.2 GB in 2022 to 12.8 GB in 2023,marking the largest absolute increase since data tracking commenced in 2016.In line with previous years,a significant disparity persists between high-income regions and LMICs.One exception is India,where the average monthly da
55、ta usage of 19 GB ranks among the highest worldwide.Looking ahead,mobile data traffic is forecast to grow at a CAGR of 23%between 2023 and 2030,reaching more than 465 exabytes(EB)per month by the end of the decade.14/47The mobile industry in numbersFigure 4Global mobile data traffic EB per month*Asi
56、a Pacific excludes Greater China Source:GSMA Intelligence20232024202520262027202820292030500450400350300250200150100500Mobile data traffic per connection(GB per month)Region20232030CAGR 20232030Asia Pacific*145321%Eurasia134118%Europe177122%Greater China135423%Latin America73223%MENA103118%North Ame
57、rica299017%Sub-Saharan Africa2923%Asia Pacific*Greater ChinaSub-Saharan AfricaMENALatin AmericaEurasiaEuropeNorth America5G adds impetus to licensed cellular IoTWhile cellular networks currently handle around 15%of total IoT connections,the rapid expansion of the IoT market provides significant room
58、 for growth in the cellular IoT space.Accordingly,the number of licensed cellular IoT connections is expected to reach 5.8 billion globally by 2030,up from 3.5 billion in 2023(8%CAGR).China is positioned at the forefront of IoT growth,with Chinese operators and vendors reporting progress with 5G LAN
59、,5G IoT,edge compute and 5G private networks,supported by ambitious timelines for further service launches.2Figure 5Licensed cellular IoT connectionsBillion*Asia Pacific excludes Greater China Source:GSMA Intelligence2023Greater ChinaNorth AmericaEurope Asia Pacific*Latin AmericaEurasiaMENASub-Sahar
60、an Africa20303.51.50.30.30.10.10.050.030.025.82.Should China be seen as a global benchmark for enterprise 5G?,GSMA Intelligence,October 202315/47The mobile industry in numbersGlobal mobile revenues will exceed$1.2 trillion by 2030Throughout the current decade,annual mobile revenue growth is expected
61、 to stay in positive territory for both high-income countries and LMICs,albeit in the low-single-digit figures in percentage terms.New 5G network capabilities will be pivotal for generating new revenue streams by meeting specific customer demands and monetising 5G network investments in the process.
62、Global mobile capex/revenue was 19%at the end of 2022,likely marking the peak of the 5G investment cycle.However,mobile operator capex is still projected to reach$1.5 trillion between 2023 and 2030.Operators will also have to contend with stubborn opex costs,which are often around 4 capex costs.This
63、 is driving operators to accelerate network and service automation along with other opex-saving initiatives.33.Network Transformation 2023,GSMA Intelligence,November 202316/47The mobile industry in numbersFigure 6Mobile revenue and year-on-year growthBillionSource:GSMA Intelligence202320242025202620
64、27202820292030$1,400$1,200$1,000$800$600$400$200$018%16%14%12%10%8%6%4%2%0%Capex to revenue(%)Low-and medium-income countriesHigh-income countriesIn 2023,the mobile sector added$5.7 trillion of economic value to the global economyIn 2023,mobile technologies and services generated 5.4%of global GDP,a
65、 contribution that amounted to$5.7 trillion of economic value added.The greatest benefits came from productivity effects reaching$3.5 billion,followed by the indirect contribution,which generated$690 billion.The mobile ecosystem is formed of three categories:mobile operators;infrastructure and equip
66、ment;and content and services.Infrastructure and equipment encompasses network equipment providers,device manufacturers and IoT companies.Meanwhile,content and services encompasses content,mobile application and service providers,distributors and retailers,and mobile cloud services.Figure 7Total eco
67、nomic contribution of the mobile industry,2023BillionSource:GSMA Intelligence5.4%3.8%0.7%0.1%0.2%0.6%Infrastructure and equipmentMobile operatorsContent and servicesIndirectProductivityTotal$540$660$350$690$3,470$5,700Mobile ecosystem17/47The mobile industry in numbersAt the end of the decade,mobile
68、s economic contribution will reach$6.4 trillionBy 2025,mobiles contribution is expected to reach almost$6 trillion,rising to about$6.4 trillion by 2030 as countries around the world increasingly benefit from the improvements in productivity and efficiency brought about by the increased take-up of mo
69、bile services.The global mobile ecosystem supported around 35 million jobs in 2023Mobile operators and the wider mobile ecosystem provided direct employment to more than 19 million people across the world.In addition,the economic activity in the ecosystem generated 16 million jobs in other sectors,m
70、eaning that around 35 million jobs were directly or indirectly supported.Figure 9Employment impact of the mobile industry,2023Jobs(million)Source:GSMA IntelligenceDirectIndirectTotal191635Figure 8Economic impact of mobile BillionSource:GSMA Intelligence203020252023$5,700$5,950$6,36018/47The mobile i
71、ndustry in numbersIn 2023,the fiscal contribution of the mobile ecosystem reached$560 billionIn 2023,the mobile sector made a substantial contribution to the funding of the public sector,with around$560 billion raised through taxes on the sector.The major contribution was driven by services VAT,sale
72、s taxes and excise duties,which generated$220 billion,followed by employment taxes and social security at$170 billion.Figure 10Fiscal contribution of the mobile ecosystem,2023 BillionSource:GSMA Intelligence$560$170$80$90$220Services VAT,sales taxes and excise dutiesHandset VAT,sales taxes,excise an
73、d customs dutiesCorporate taxes on profitsEmployment taxes and social securityTotal19/47The mobile industry in numbers5G will add more than$930 billion to the global economy in 2030 5G is expected to benefit the global economy by more than$930 billion in 2030,or around 15%of the overall economic imp
74、act of mobile.Much of this will materialise in developed regions,including Asia Pacific,North America and Europe,which are expected to see strong growth in the next five years.Towards the end of the decade,LMICs are expected to realise an increasing proportion of 5G economic benefits,as the technolo
75、gy starts to achieve scale and widespread adoption.5G is expected to benefit all economic sectors of the global economy,although some industries will benefit more than others due to their ability to incorporate 5G use cases in their business.Over the next seven years,36%of benefits are expected to o
76、riginate from the manufacturing sector,15%from public administration and 10%from services,driven by applications in smart factories,smart cities and smart grids.Figure 11Annual 5G contribution by industry BillionSource:GSMA IntelligenceManufacturingInformation and communicationFinanceConstruction an
77、d real estateOtherPublic administrationServices20232024202520262027202820292030$1,000$900$800$700$600$500$400$300$200$100$036%15%10%9%8%7%15%20/47The mobile industry in numbers02Mobile industry trends2.1 5G:5G standalone and 5G-Advanced come into focus5G technology is now available in more than 100
78、countries around the world.As of January 2024,261 operators in 101 countries globally had launched commercial 5G mobile services.In advanced and emerging markets alike,fixed wireless access(FWA)has proven to be an important use case for 5G technology,with many operators prioritising the solution in
79、their overall 5G rollout strategy.As of January 2024,117 operators in 57 markets had launched 5G FWA.This means that 5G FWA has been launched in more than half of the countries where 5G is present.The majority of 5G networks have been built on the non-standalone(NSA)architecture,with the focus on en
80、abling the basics of connectivity:wide-area coverage,capacity and solution reliability.5G NSA has allowed operators to use 5G new radio over existing 4G infrastructure and has been instrumental to 5Gs rapid rollout and adoption by reducing the capital requirement and time to market for operators.How
81、ever,the mobile industry is increasingly moving to the 5G standalone(SA)architecture and other new standards that could unlock innovative 5G use cases and create new revenue streams.22/47Mobile industry trendsFigure 12Operator ranking of the top benefits of 5G SARank the following benefits of deploy
82、ing 5G standalone in your network (Percentage of operators,top two choices)N=100 Source:GSMA Intelligence Operators in Focus:Network Transformation Survey 2023Network slicing capabilitiesSimplified network architectureMassive machine-type communications(MMTC)supportUltra-reliable low-latency communi
83、cations(URLLC)supportImproved cloud deployment supportImproved automation and analyticsNetwork cost optimisation39%21%11%30%50%21%19%14%8%7%37%16%10%13%11%9%10%6%4%4%5%ScoreRank 2Rank 1Deployment of 5G SA gains tractionAs of January 2024,47 operators globally offered commercial 5G services on SA net
84、works,with Asia Pacific and Europe accounting for more than half of these.5G SA networks,built on 5G equipment from end to end,promise to deliver new capabilities and address the limitations of NSA architecture arising from the use of a 4G core.These capabilities,notably network slicing,ultra-low-la
85、tency communication and massive machine-type communications,are expected to drive enterprise digitalisation and enable new use cases for consumers.For example,Vodafone and Ericsson completed a live network trial in the UK,which successfully demonstrated the positive impact an optimised 5G SA network
86、 slice could have on enhancing the mobile cloud gaming experience for consumers.Meanwhile,T-Mobiles 5G slicing beta participants in the US already include major tech companies,such as Dialpad,Google,Webex by Cisco and Zoom.In India,Jio has developed 5G SApowered modular IoT gateways to deliver preci
87、sion agriculture solutions to monitor livestock,climate,pest control,crop health and soil moisture.23/47Mobile industry trends3GPP Release 17 introduced the reduced capability(RedCap)user equipment category for energy-and cost-efficient 5G IoT connectivity(also known as 5G NR-Light).RedCap will evol
88、ve as part of 5G-Advanced to further strengthen support for cost-efficient devices and/or power-sensitive applications.In recent months,several operators including AT&T,BT Group,China Mobile,China Telecom,China Unicom,Optus,SK Telecom and Verizon have been exploring the capabilities of 5G RedCap,in
89、collaboration with leading equipment suppliers.Focus areas include smart grid applications,XR,health-monitoring wearables and advanced sensors for smart cities.Operators explore new opportunities with 5G-Advanced and 5G RedCap 5G-Advanced,as part of 3GPP Release 18 in 2024,is the next milestone in t
90、he 5G era.5G-Advanced brings in new wireless technology innovations,strengthening the 5G system foundation,which includes improving speed,maximising coverage and enhancing mobility and power efficiency.This has the potential to open up a wealth of opportunities to enable enhanced functionality and u
91、se cases for the enterprise market.For example,5G-Advanced will support the development of extended reality(XR)applications by lowering uplink latencies while enabling industrial automation use cases by improving cellular-based positioning accuracy.It will also increase sustainability through the us
92、e of AI/machine-learning data-driven insights.Insights from the GSMA Intelligence Network Transformation Survey 2023 show that more than half of operators expect to deploy 5G-Advanced within a year after standards are released.As a result,increased 5G SA and 5G-Advanced activities will kick-start a
93、new round of 5G investment in 2024,especially in pioneer markets.Additionally,5G multicast and low-cost IoT top the list of 5G-Advanced use cases for operators(see Figure 13).At the 2023 Asian Games,China Telecom,in collaboration with ZTE,demonstrated the capabilities of 5G-Advanced,including immers
94、ive viewing experiences and multiple simultaneous 8K video live broadcasts and streaming.Figure 13Operator ranking of priority use cases for 5G-AdvancedWhich 5G-Advanced use cases and applications are most important to your network transformation priorities?(Percentage of operators,top two choices)N
95、=100Source:GSMA Intelligence Operators in Focus:Network Transformation Survey 20235G multicast servicesEnhanced integration with satellite resourcesImprove device positioning accuracyLow-cost IoT supportEnhanced integration with drone resourcesImproved AR/VR Support52%29%23%46%67%29%6%2%1%45%20%18%4
96、%4%1%2%2%ScoreRank 2Rank 124/47Mobile industry trends2.2 Network APIs:the mobile ecosystem rallies to support 5G monetisationAlthough it has been possible to expose network APIs for a while,operators have struggled to adopt a standardised approach that achieves scale.However,recent initiatives by th
97、e mobile industry to develop a common set of network APIs have provided new momentum to operator initiatives.This began when Telefnica officially launched CAMARA(Telco Global API Alliance)at MWC Barcelona 2022 in collaboration with the Linux Foundation,hyperscalers and other operators.At MWC Barcelo
98、na 2023,this work was extended with the GSMAs Open Gateway initiative,with 21 operators committing to expose network APIs via CAMARA.By the start of February 2024,that number had increased to 42 operator groups,representing 237 mobile networks and accounting for 65%of global mobile connections.Opera
99、tor commitments are beginning to translate into commercially available network APIs.In September 2023,Deutsche Telekom and Ericsson announced an agreement to sell network APIs through Ericssons Vonage platform under the banner MagentaBusiness API.A month later,Sri Lankas four mobile operators Bharti
100、 Airtel,Dialog Axiata,Hutchison and SLT-Mobitel also launched a set of network APIs.This was followed in November by Brazils three largest mobile operators Claro,TIM and Vivo announcing the launch of three network APIs focused on improving digital security.Additionally,Spains leading mobile operator
101、s Orange,Telefnica and Vodafone announced the launch of two network API services in February 2024.Figure 14 CAMARA and GSMA Open Gateway APIs launched by mobile operatorsNote:Table is not exhaustive.Information displayed is based on publicly available information as of 12 February 2024.Source:GSMA I
102、ntelligence API nameExplanationOperators launchedCarrier BillingEnables the customer to make purchases by charging the cost to their mobile phone bill or deducting it from their prepaid balance Sri Lankan MNOsDevice LocationChecks the location of a deviceBrazilian MNOs;Deutsche Telekom;Sri Lankan MN
103、OsDevice StatusChecks if a device loses connection to the network or becomes reachable again and checks a devices roaming status Deutsche TelekomNumber VerifyVerifies the phone number associated with the SIM in the device connected to the mobile networkBrazilian MNOs;Spanish MNOsOne-Time Password(OT
104、P)SMS Verifies possession of a device by delivering a OTP through SMS and validating it afterwardsSri Lankan MNOsQuality on DemandSets a specific quality level for a mobile connection(e.g.required latency)and receives a notification if the network does not meet this standardDeutsche TelekomSIM SwapO
105、btains information on any recent SIM pairing change related to the users accountBrazilian MNOs;Spanish MNOs25/47Mobile industry trendsThe business logic behind exposing network capabilities via APIs is easy to understand:by allowing developers to tap into network capabilities without directly engagi
106、ng the operator,developers can innovate more easily and quickly,delivering high-value use cases with more value than undifferentiated connectivity.Operators view network API exposure as crucial for maximising returns on their 5G network investments,enabling them to generate higher returns compared t
107、o the traditional approach of selling standard connectivity services.This shift empowers operators to harness the full potential of new capabilities built into 5G networks while enabling developers to create new services beyond those based on previous network generations.Operators consider their rou
108、tes to market According to the GSMA Intelligence Network Transformation Survey 2023,operators expect their own internal teams(work engineers and internal developers)to be the main consumers of network APIs.These internal teams can use network APIs to build new services for end users while also deliv
109、ering internal efficiencies by leveraging network APIs for purposes such as network monitoring and management.Most operators also see an opportunity to expose network APIs for the purpose of working with external developers.Some operators have focused their initial efforts on building direct relatio
110、nships with developers.For example,T-Mobile announced in September 2023 that it would extend its network slicing beta program to developers across the US via its DevEdge developer platform.In the first iteration,developers will be able to use the platform to monitor network conditions and adjust vid
111、eo-calling quality to ensure clear and reliable communication.In addition to strategies focused on direct engagement with developers,many operators will also likely collaborate with aggregators to reach a broader base of developers.This explains the rationale behind Deutsche Telekoms partnership wit
112、h Ericsson.Verizon also announced a partnership with Ericssons Vonage platform in February 2024,while BT and Dish Wireless are among the mobile operators to have forged agreements with Nokias Network as Code platform.The list of partnership agreements on network APIs between operators and network ve
113、ndors will likely grow in 2024.Over the coming year,operators may also begin to work more closely with cloud providers,which are already engaged with developers to facilitate access to operator network capabilities.It will be important for these partnerships to yield concrete examples of how federat
114、ion and agreement on common APIs can create new monetisation opportunities in order to sustain the momentum behind network APIs.26/47Mobile industry trends2.3 Satellite:emerging solutions and partnerships reshape the connectivity landscape Telecoms networks have driven voice and data connectivity to
115、 current levels(over 4.7 billion mobile internet subscribers today),supported by the wide area coverage of wireless networks and the mass production and adoption of mobile devices.Satellites and other non-terrestrial networks(NTNs),such as unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs),have also been providing conn
116、ectivity but at a much lower scale due to several limitations,including uncompetitive costs,limited ecosystem support and high latency.However,advances in various satellite and NTN solutions have resulted in performance improvements,lower deployment costs and more commercially viable business models
117、.This is driving new partnerships with telecoms operators in ways that could reshape the connectivity landscape.Importantly,satellites and NTNs have the potential to provide ubiquitous coverage all over the globe.Telecoms networks now cover more than 95%of the worlds population but less than 45%of t
118、he worlds landmass.Satellites and NTNs are well suited to deliver connectivity in maritime,remote and polar areas where deploying conventional terrestrial networks could be costly and challenging.In recent years,low Earth orbit(LEO)satellite and high-altitude platform station(HAPS)providers have att
119、racted much attention on the back of significant investments and technical breakthroughs that have improved the business case for delivering connectivity at scale.For example,SpaceX has launched nearly 5,300 LEO Starlink satellites as of January 2024,with over 6,000 more to follow.Meanwhile,AALTO ha
120、s said that its Zephyr HAPS solution can cover up to 7,500 sqkm(equivalent to up to 250 towers in the most challenging and demanding of terrains)over 64 days of continuous flight the latest flight-time record of AALTOs Zephyr platform.27/47Mobile industry trendsThe 3GPP has laid the foundation for s
121、atellite-based connectivity through standardisation to extend the reach of 5G to regions lacking terrestrial infrastructure.Four broad use cases have been identified:Service continuity:For coverage where it is not feasible with terrestrial networks,such as maritime or remote areas.Service ubiquity:F
122、or mission-critical communications,such as for disaster relief during outage of terrestrial networks.Service scalability:For offloading traffic from terrestrial networks to NTNs for better system efficiency.Backhaul services:For transport for sites with weak or no backhaul capacity.Figure 15 Example
123、s of satellite and NTN technologies in the connectivity spaceSource:GSMA Intelligence Terrestrial networksBase stations:50 mUAV:100 mHAPS:10-20 kmLEO:500-1,200 kmGEO:36,000 km MEO:5,000-20,000 kmNon-terrestrial networks28/47Mobile industry trendsTelecoms and satellites:a new era of partnershipsOver
124、the last two years,there has been a growing number of partnerships between telecoms operators and satellite companies,spanning several continents and use cases,including rural coverage and disaster relief.This trend will likely continue in 2024 as the value of satellite connectivity becomes clearer.
125、Figure 16 shows some prominent examples,along with the mobile customer footprint of the participating operators.Several trials have been conducted in recent years,with commercial satellite-enabled services expected to ramp up in the next 12 months.This will drive demand for additional capacity to en
126、sure high performance.Figure 16 Examples of partnerships between telecoms operators and satellite/NTN companiesNote:Market refers only to where the operator is present.Data is correct as of December 2023.Source:GSMA Intelligence based on company announcements Telecoms operatorSatellite/NTN companyMa
127、rketNumber of mobile connections(million)Bharti AirtelOneWebIndia351VodafoneProject KuiperEurope,Africa341TelefnicaOneWeb and StarlinkEurope,Latin America262MTNStarlink,OneWeb,AST SpaceMobile and Lynk GlobalAfrica232OrangeOneWebEurope,Africa,Latin America229Deutsche TelekomSkylo and IntelsatEurope,U
128、S193VeonOneWebAsia,Eurasia,Ukraine158VodafoneAST SpaceMobileAfrica153VerizonProject KuiperUS144T-MobileStarlinkUS119AT&TOneWeb and AST SpaceMobileUS114KDDIStarlinkJapan67Telstra and Optus StarlinkAustralia28STCAALTOSaudi Arabia25BTOneWebUK22RakutenAST SpaceMobileJapan629/47Mobile industry trendsD2D
129、market poised for growthThere has been a resurgence of direct-to-device(D2D)solutions following technical breakthroughs that enable satellites to connect to standard smartphones for SMS,voice and data services.In September 2023,AST SpaceMobile placed a satellite call over 5G in partnership with AT&T
130、 and in December 2023,Lynk Global and Rogers Canada announced plans to launch commercial satellite-to-mobile voice services in 2024 after successful trials.In January 2024,SpaceX launched six Starlink satellites for D2D services to be delivered in partnership with telecoms operators,including T-Mobi
131、le US,Optus,Rogers,KDDI and Entel.For satellite providers,partnerships with telecoms operators are key to scale up this model,leveraging operators existing relationships with end users and,in some cases,existing spectrum holdings.For telecoms operators,D2D satellite offers access to new customers in
132、 underserved areas and the ability to provide connectivity for emergency services and existing customers where a terrestrial signal is not available.GSMA Intelligence estimates a total incremental revenue opportunity from D2D services of over$30 billion for telecoms operators by 2035.44.Satellite 2.
133、0:going direct to device,GSMA Intelligence,2022For satellite providers,partnerships with telecoms operators are key to scale up this model,leveraging operators existing relationships with end users and,in some cases,existing spectrum holdings30/47Mobile industry trends2.4 Digital consumer:eSIM adopt
134、ion should accelerate as new services launch An eSIM,or embedded SIM,is a built-in electronic SIM card inside a mobile device,enabling flexible and remote management of mobile subscriptions without the need for a physical SIM card.eSIMs have been around for over a decade but have recently risen to p
135、rominence due to the significant growth in the number of eSIM-enabled consumer devices over the last few years.5Smartwatches led the first wave of eSIM launches(20162018),but smartphones have since taken the lead,accounting for 60%of all eSIM consumer devices launched as of the end of H1 2023(cumula
136、tively).6 Most of the top brands for the three main categories(smartphones,smartwatches and tablets)have launched eSIM.This is important,as these brands represent a major share of the three markets and lead in device innovation.The number of commercial eSIM services is also on the rise.As of June 20
137、23,commercial eSIM service for smartphones had been launched in 116 countries around the world.In Europe,eSIM service for smartphones is now available in the vast majority of countries.7 Africa is catching up(most of the 16 new launches in H1 2023 were in countries from Africa).China is still a nota
138、ble exception;eSIM service is available for smartwatches and some IoT applications in the country,but not for handsets.The timeline is uncertain,but eSIM will eventually be launched for smartphones in China.Limited consumer awareness remains a barrier to eSIM adoptionWhile progress on eSIM launches(
139、devices and services)accelerates,consumer awareness of eSIM remains low outside of the US:on average across seven major countries analysed,8 36%of consumers were aware of eSIM in late 2022,up from 20%in 2020.Of those consumers who are aware of eSIM,29%discovered the technology by reading an article.
140、In comparison,only 14%of eSIM-aware consumers discovered the technology via OEM channels;the counterpart figure for operator channels was 10%.Limited eSIM discovery through operator and OEM channels implies that operators and OEMs are increasingly launching eSIM services and devices,respectively,but
141、 not talking much about eSIM to their customers.Raising consumer awareness of eSIM and educating customers(e.g.explaining and promoting eSIMs benefits)are key to driving eSIM adoption.As they are the main contact points with end users,operators and OEMs have a key role to play here.For operators,dri
142、ving eSIM adoption can secure cost savings and unlock new revenue opportunities while also helping OEMs to sell more devices.5.eSIM devices include smartphones,smartwatches,tablets,laptops and a range of consumer IoT devices(e.g.bikes,GPS trackers,security cameras).6.Accelerating eSIM globally:state
143、 of the consumer market,user behaviour and adoption growth scenarios,GSMA Intelligence,20237.ibid.8.The seven countries surveyed were France,Germany,Italy,Japan,South Korea,the US and the UK.31/47Mobile industry trendseSIM adoption will gather paceAs consumer awareness increases,eSIM adoption will g
144、ain momentum over the next two years,followed by a more substantial acceleration from 2026 onwards(due to the scale of China,where GSMA Intelligence expects eSIM service for smartphones will be launched during 20242025).By 20252026,most operators will offer commercial eSIM service to their smartphon
145、e customers,and eSIM-only smartphones(a major factor pushing eSIM adoption)will likely be more widespread globally.Given the 23 year smartphone replacement period in most countries,a sizeable base of smartphones with removable SIMs will likely remain in place for several years.The GSMA Intelligence
146、baseline scenario predicts around 1 billion eSIM smartphone connections globally by the end of 2025,growing to 6.9 billion by 2030.This would account for around three quarters of the total number of smartphone connections by 2030.North America is the region with the fastest rate of eSIM adoption due
147、 to Apples launch of eSIM-only smartphones in the US in September 2022.GSMA Intelligence estimates that 27%of smartphone connections in the region used eSIM at the end of 2023,and this is forecast to grow to 50%by the end of 2025.Europe will have the second-fastest rate of eSIM adoption,with more th
148、an half of European smartphone connections expected to use eSIM by the end of 2027.eSIM adoption will be slower in developing markets,especially in Sub-Saharan Africa(55%eSIM penetration by 2030)and India(65%).Figure 17 Potential benefits associated with eSIM:importance to business Percentage of ope
149、rators that rated the following potential benefits of eSIM as extremely important N=100 Source:GSMA Intelligence Operators in Focus:Future of Retail Survey 202136%27%32%26%47%38%47%50%Streamline logistics costs by reducing physical SIM purchasingIncrease adoption of other mobile devices by linking t
150、hem to a consumers main subscription planExplore opportunities in new digital servicesCapture new opportunities in the growing IoT marketFacilitate international roaming servicesCapture new opportunities among digital-native consumersDrive greater usage of digital distribution channelsEnhance custom
151、er experience by digitising/remotely managing SIM-related operations32/47Mobile industry trendsSK Telecom targets AI leadership In September 2023,SK Telecom unveiled its AI pyramid strategy with the aim of tripling investments in projects related to AI by 2028.The pyramid is formed of three layers:I
152、nfrastructure:Forming the base of its AI pyramid strategy,SK Telecom plans to develop its own AI infrastructure,encompassing data centres,chips and multiple large-language models(LLMs).Transformation:In the middle area of the pyramid,covering its core businesses and new areas,SK Telecom plans to lev
153、erage AI in marketing and customer contact centres.Additionally,it aims to enhance the operational efficiency of its network infrastructure,targeting cost reductions of 2030%.Services:At the top of the pyramid is its plan to use genAI to build new services.SK Telecom has launched the worlds first Ko
154、rean LLM service,A Dot,which it released in beta in 2022.It plans to adapt A Dot into a personal AI assistant service.SK Telecoms bold vision highlights the potential of AI to transform the business of mobile operators.It demonstrates that the technology has potential to not only support internal us
155、e cases but also to help operators generate new revenues from AI investments.There are signs that a growing number of operators are recognising this opportunity.For example,KT recently unveiled its genAI platform for enterprises,while NTT and SoftBank have both announced plans to develop genAI solut
156、ions.2.5 Generative AI:operators take steps to realise benefits Mobile operators have utilised AI for a while now to varying degrees.However,in the past year,generative AI(genAI)has come to the fore,driven by the launch of ChatGPT.Most operators are in the experimentation phase for genAI.This involv
157、es carefully selecting partners,choosing foundational models and prioritising use cases that can be implemented in the near term.Much of the early work on genAI in the mobile industry has focused on using the technology to improve customer services,such as by developing more intelligent chatbots and
158、 crafting sales scripts for call centre agents.Operators are also exploring how genAI can be used to support sales and marketing activities,ranging from generating new marketing collateral to creating personalised product suggestions and promotions.Furthermore,genAI has implications for network oper
159、ations and management.Network engineers regularly use manuals and other text-based sources to assist with day-to-day tasks.Operators are turning to genAI to ingest this documentation and provide engineers with prompts that accelerate the network installation process.In the longer term,mobile operato
160、rs will look to implement more complex genAI use cases in the networks domain.For instance,the technology could be used for tasks such as fault detection and resolution,network optimisation and network planning.33/47Mobile industry trendsMaximising the AI opportunity The speed of AI adoption in the
161、mobile industry may depend on several factors.First,mobile operators often face difficulties in accessing the internal data needed for training AI models,hindered by the diversity and volume of data sources.Additionally,operators must ensure the accuracy of AI-generated insights,as reliance on inacc
162、urate data may lead to flawed decision-making.Second,ethical concerns around AI still need to be addressed.The mobile industry is committed to the ethical use of AI in its operations and customer interactions to protect customers and employees,remove any entrenched inequality and ensure that AI oper
163、ates reliably and fairly for all stakeholders.The GSMAs AI Ethics Playbook serves as a practical tool to help organisations consider how to ethically design,develop and deploy AI systems.9Telefnicas methodology,called The responsible use of AI by design,is an example of ethical AI in action.This enc
164、ompasses AI principles,awareness and training for employees,a questionnaire,technical tools and a governance model that defines roles and responsibilities.The operator has also established an AI ethics committee consisting of multidisciplinary experts.Finally,partnerships within the telecoms industr
165、y and beyond will play an important role in scaling up genAI and AI services more broadly.Research from GSMA Intelligence shows that while 56%of operators are actively trialling genAI solutions,commercial deployment is less prevalent among mid-sized and smaller operators.Democratising AI is critical
166、 to ensure all players in the industry and their customers can reap the benefits.To achieve that,GSMA and IBM announced a collaboration in January 2024 to facilitate and accelerate the adoption of genAI and the development of AI skills in the telecoms industry.Two initiatives are being launched:GSMA
167、 Advances AI Training programme and the GSMA Foundry Generative AI challenge and programme.Mobile operators are also forming partnerships to share the costs of developing new AI solutions.In July 2023,Deutsche Telekom,e&,SK Telecom and Singtel signed an agreement to form the Global Telco AI Alliance
168、 a platform expected to serve as the foundation for new AI services,including those designed to improve the existing telco business,digital assistants and super-apps.Additionally,mobile operators are forming partnerships with cloud providers and telecoms vendors to leverage new AI capabilities,with
169、both open source and proprietary approaches to AI development under consideration.The mobile industry is committed to the ethical use of AI in its operations and customer interactions to protect customers and employees,remove any entrenched inequality and ensure that AI operates reliably and fairly
170、for all stakeholders34/47Mobile industry trendsOpen source versus proprietary AI:operators weigh different approaches Recent announcements highlight the diverging approaches of tech firms to AI development.In December 2023,Google unveiled Gemini,a proprietary AI model,10 which follows in the footste
171、ps of OpenAIs ChatGPT and Baidus Ernie Bot.That same month,IBM and Meta launched the AI Alliance in collaboration with more than 50 leading organisations across industry,startups,academia,research and government.The goal is to support an open innovation and open science approach,whereby AI systems t
172、hat constitute the repository of all human knowledge and culture are open source and freely available for everyone to contribute to them.The debate around the merits of an open source versus proprietary approach to AI will continue in 2024.To date,operators have formed partnerships with companies de
173、veloping both open source and proprietary AI models.For example,SK Telecom and Deutsche Telekom have partnered with Meta(known in this area for its Llama 2 open-source LLM,distributed by Microsoft)as part of their plans to develop a telco-specific LLM for digital assistants in customer services.Mean
174、while,Vodafone announced plans in January 2024 to invest$1.5 billion over the next decade in cloud and customer-focused AI services developed in conjunction with Microsoft.The companies will collaborate to transform the customer experience using OpenAIs technology running on Microsoft Azure.Vodafone
175、 and Microsoft have pledged to build the technology on unbiased and ethical privacy and security policies under Vodafones established framework for responsible AI.9.The Mobile Industry Ethics Playbook,GSMA,February 202210.Proprietary AI models are developed and owned by a specific entity,restricting
176、 access and modification.In contrast,open source AI models are freely available for people to modify,share and distribute.35/47Mobile industry trends03Mobile industry impact3.1 The mobile industrys impact on the SDGsIn 2016,the mobile industry became the first sector to commit to the 17 UN Sustainab
177、le Development Goals(SDGs).Each year since then,the GSMA has measured the impact of the mobile industry across all SDGs.11 In 2022,the average SDG impact score across the 17 goals was 53.This means the industry achieved 53%of its potential contribution to the SDGs up from 33%in 2015.Figure 18 SDG mo
178、bile impact scores Source:GSMA Intelligence 3326273243646333234394242016-2022 Improvement201511.2023 Mobile Industry Impact Report:Sustainable Development Goals,GSMA,202337/47Mobile industry impactThe most recent analysis shows that the mobile industry con
179、tinues to achieve its highest impact on SDG 9:Industry,Innovation and Infrastructure,driven by the increased reach of mobile networks and growing take-up of mobile internet services.Progress has also been made in reducing disparities in mobile internet adoption between different user segments,suppor
180、ting the industrys contribution to SDG 5:Gender Equality and SDG 10:Reduced Inequalities.Examples include the following:There were 410 million new mobile internet subscribers in rural areas between 2015 and 2022.Consequently,rural mobile internet adoption reached 41%(1.4 billion people)at the end of
181、 2022.Mobile internet was used by 47%of the worlds poorest 40%at the end of 2022,12 which is equivalent to 1.5 billion people and represents an increase of 710 million people since 2015.61%of women in LMICs used mobile internet at the end of 2022,compared to 75%of men.While 1.4 billion women were us
182、ing mobile internet(470 million more than in 2017),there were still 310 million fewer women than men doing so.This equates to a 19%mobile internet gender gap(compared to 25%in 2017).13Being connected to mobile internet,however,is only the first step.To harness the full potential of mobile technology
183、,individuals must engage with new and enriching online services that can accelerate social and economic inclusion.As Figure 19 shows,the proportion of mobile subscribers engaging in activities on their phones relevant to the SDGs has grown significantly since 2015,amplifying mobiles influence across
184、 several areas.These improvements are particularly important in LMICs,where access to traditional services is often lacking,especially in areas such as education and healthcare.12.This calculation of mobile internet penetration takes into account the poorest 40%of population in each country.13.The M
185、obile Gender Gap Report 2023,GSMA,202338/47Mobile industry impactFigure 19 Mobile usage by activity and the related SDGsPercentage of mobile users engaging in an activity on a mobile deviceNote:Data sourced from the GSMA Intelligence Consumers in Focus Survey,which has more than 50,000 respondents a
186、nd covers 52 countries,during 20172022.The number of users is calculated by multiplying unique mobile subscribers by the percentage of survey respondents that performed a particular activity(e.g.reading the news)on a mobile.Unique subscriber data is sourced from GSMA Intelligence,combining data repo
187、rted by mobile operators with the annual GSMA Intelligence Consumers in Focus Survey.Source:GSMA Intelligence 7%17%25%15%21%13%23%16%15%11%32%18%44%21%47%15%41%25%50%18%3.7bn3.4bn2.6bn2.0bn3.6bn2.7bn2.6bn2.0bn3.6bn2.7bn2.3bn1.7bn1.0bn11%37%43%7%19%30%Visit social networking websitesSDGsTotal users(2
188、022)Obtain info about products and servicesWatch free videoUse mobile financial servicesMake video callsPay utility billsImprove/monitor healthRead newsImprove educationLook/apply for a jobPurchase goodsAccess government servicesUse agricultural services2016-2022 Improvement202
189、688101539/47Mobile industry impactA spotlight on SDG 13:Climate Action In order to contribute to SDG 13:Climate Action,operators are not only aiming to become zero-carbon businesses themselves but also to help other industries reduce their carbon footprint,which has a bigger im
190、pact overall.As of January 2024,70 operators,representing over two thirds of the industry by revenue and nearly half by connections,had committed to a science-based target of rapidly decreasing their direct and indirect emissions by 2030.14 53 operators have also committed to net-zero targets by 205
191、0 or earlier.Operators in Europe,North America,Latin America and MENA are making the biggest strides on climate action,with strong progress on energy efficiency and renewable energy.Further progress is needed across all regions to achieve the industrys 2030 climate targets.14.https:/ industry impact
192、Driving sustainable development through AI Mobile operators are providing governments and public agencies with the AI solutions and big data analytics necessary to address a wide range of problems.Operators can deliver valuable tools to tackle pressing policy challenges,including climate change and
193、pollution,the need for improved healthcare and transportation,and responses to epidemics.These tools enable governments to make informed decisions and to implement targeted strategies for sustainable development and resilient public services.Examples include the following:Measuring CO2 emissions:Tel
194、ia Travel Emission Insights gives city and environmental planners the tools to measure and benchmark the CO2 emissions from different routes and modes of transport,prioritise which actions will have the biggest impact and create progress reports.The service combines anonymised,location-specific crow
195、d movement data from Telias mobile network with the CERO model of CO2 emissions developed at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology.Managing emergency services:Turkcell has developed a real-time analytics tool,called Galata,which can process more than 100 billion events per day to enable Turkeys
196、governmental emergency response and aid agencies to make better-informed,time-sensitive decisions before and during natural disasters.Identifying flood risks:XL Axiata,the Jakarta municipal government,and Nodeflux have developed a flood detection solution.Mobile sensor networks monitor and evaluate
197、water levels in dams,sewers and waterways,as well as groundwater levels.AI is then used to predict flooding.This enables Jakartas government to better anticipate floods,alert citizens and respond more effectively,resulting in less injury and loss of life and property.These examples illustrate the tr
198、ansformative impact of mobile big data analytics and AI on both business and society.The potential for these technologies to unlock life-changing benefits is only just beginning to be seen.Inspired by this promise,the GSMAs AI for Impact is developing global partnerships to accelerate action and ach
199、ieve impact in alignment with the SDGs.1515.https:/ Looking ahead to 2030While it is important to recognise the mobile industrys progress on the SDGs since 2015,the average SDG impact score stalled in 2022.Following the current trajectory,the mobile industry is projected to achieve 76%of its full po
200、tential impact on the SDGs by 2030.The slowdown observed in 2022 emphasises the uncertainty ahead and the importance of accelerating the industrys contribution to the SDGs.This can be achieved by:ensuring continuous industry commitment to drive and scale impact on the SDGs through integrating purpos
201、e into core business reforming policy to support sustainable levels of investment in mobile broadband infrastructure,contributing to SDG 9:Industry,Innovation and Infrastructure,which in turn enables the industry to impact a range of other SDGs facilitating the use of mobile-enabled activities and s
202、caling IoT solutions to power enterprise digitisation leveraging the role of the international community,UN agencies and multilateral development banks to prioritise investment in digital development tapping into the potential of AI,big data analytics and mobile innovation to address societal challe
203、nges.41/47Mobile industry impact3.2 Empowering women micro-entrepreneurs through mobileMicro-enterprises play a significant role in shaping economies and societies,particularly in LMICs,where they are the dominant form of employment.It is estimated that there are more than 400 million micro-enterpri
204、ses in emerging markets.16 In low-income countries,88%of working-age women earn income through self-employment,yet they are more likely than men to be disadvantaged when it comes to accessing the resources they need to start,run and grow a business.17 This is because social norms and structural ineq
205、ualities tend to shape womens access to finance,markets,business information,training and peer networks.As the primary way people in LMICs access the internet,mobile phones can provide a gateway to business services,resources and information that women would not otherwise be able to access easily.Us
206、ing a mobile phone for business can also enable women micro-entrepreneurs to better combine family and work life,as they can connect with customers and business contacts and conduct marketing,sales and financial transactions more conveniently.This becomes particularly transformative for women with l
207、imited time and mobility due to family responsibilities or societal norms.The use of mobile phones can also contribute to increased incomes,business resiliency and household consumption.18 In Tanzania,women who used smartphones and feature phones for their business and mobile money transactions expe
208、rienced a 1624%increase in household consumption.19 Using mobile money services also allowed women entrepreneurs in Malawi to expand their business and save on transport costs.20 Meanwhile,in Uganda,women entrepreneurs reported that using mobile made their business more profitable.2116.Bridging the
209、credit gap for Micro and Small Enterprises through digitally enabled financing models,CGAP and Dalberg,201917.World Employment and Social Outlook:Trends 2022,ILO,202218.Digital Adoption of MSMEs during COVID-19,Center for Financial Inclusion/ACCION,202219.Mobile Phone Ownership Increases Poor Womens
210、 Household Consumption:A Field Experiment in Tanzania,Roessler,P.et al.,2018.20.ICT Use and Livelihoods of Women Micro-enterprises in Malawi,Malanga,D.and Banda,M.202121.Usage of Mobile Technology in Women Entrepreneurs:A Case Study of Uganda”,Komunte,M,201542/47Mobile industry impactAlthough there
211、are a small but growing number of mobile products and services bridging the gender gap,mobile ecosystem providers have further work to do.23 Steps include starting more detailed gender-specific data collection and use,in addition to designing and delivering products and services with a deliberate fo
212、cus on gender.Efforts are also needed to raise awareness and enhance the digital,financial and business skills of women micro-entrepreneurs.Finally,there is a need to expand agent networks that are culturally sensitive and accessible.To address the scarcity of gender-specific data,the GSMA recently
213、published a report analysing the results of a survey conducted among micro-entrepreneurs in LMICs.The survey focused on their use of mobile phones for business and the barriers they faced.24 Some of the key findings are as follows:Women micro-entrepreneurs are less likely than men to own a mobile ph
214、one,own a smartphone and use mobile internet and digital financial services,including mobile money.Even when women micro-entrepreneurs use a mobile phone for business,they tend to use it for fewer business activities than their male counterparts.Making network calls is the main way that micro-entrep
215、reneurs in all the survey countries use a mobile phone to communicate with customers and suppliers,especially women.Other channels,including instant messaging and video calls,are used significantly less.In nine of the 10 survey countries,women micro-entrepreneurs are less likely than men to be aware
216、 of every mobile-related business use case beyond communication.Even among micro-entrepreneurs who already use a mobile phone for their business,gender gaps are evident.Figure 20 How mobile phones support the business activities of women micro-entrepreneursSource:GSMA22 Access to markets Connect rem
217、otely with customers,suppliers,resellers,peers and partners to take orders,agree sales,organise delivery,order supplies and schedule appointments Market products via social communication platforms Find new customers,suppliers and resellers Access to financial services Sending/receiving payments from
218、 customers and suppliers,bill payments and salary payments Access to business finance Access to savings products Access to insurance and other financial products Business management Financial management and bookkeeping Store business/customer information Stock/inventory management Source business-re
219、lated information on trends,competition,pricing and regulations New ideas and inspiration for product improvement Access to training Business management Financial literacy Digital skills22.Empowering women micro-entrepreneurs through mobile,GSMA,202323.ibid.24.Understanding women micro-entrepreneurs
220、 use of mobile phones for business,GSMA,202343/47Mobile industry impact04Mobile industry enablersSpectrum policy:meeting connectivity needsSpectrum availability and its effective licensing encourage the investment required to expand mobile access,meet increases in demand for data services and enhanc
221、e the quality and range of services offered.The World Radiocommunication Conference 2023(WRC-23)has set the agenda for spectrum planning up to the end of the 2030s,with new spectrum harmonisation in low and mid-bands.Now that this international agreement is in place,countries can turn to the executi
222、on of their decisions in national allocation tables.Harmonisation of the 5G pioneer band at 3.5 GHz was completed throughout Eurasia,the Americas and Europe,the Middle East and Asia at WRC-23.The 3.5 GHz range is also an important part of the mid-band spectrum needed to ensure that countries have de
223、livered a total of 2 GHz,on average,of mid-band per market by 2030.Mid-band 5G spectrum will drive an increase of more than$610 billion in global GDP in 2030,accounting for almost 65%of the overall socioeconomic value generated by 5G.Low and high bands are also necessary to deliver the most innovati
224、ve services to everyone,irrespective of if they are on a factory floor or a rural location.Low bands will account for around$130 billion of economic value in 2030,and high-band spectrum will add another$220 billion,for a total of close to$1 trillion in additional GDP by the end of the decade.While h
225、igh-band(mmWave)spectrum was identified in 2019,WRC-23 also found new mobile spectrum in low bands,including 600 MHz.Discussion on this valuable spectrum for digital equality will continue up until WRC-31,and more mobile development is anticipated.Spectrum licensing,pricing and conditionsThe results
226、 at WRC-23 now need to be incorporated into national tables and plans before being effectively licensed at the correct time.As part of this work,countries will benefit from the development of spectrum roadmaps that consider market dynamics and growth in demand for mobile data.Roadmaps are an importa
227、nt means of ensuring there is sufficient spectrum for future demand from consumers and new technologies.Information on spectrum releases is critical for mobile operators to prepare investment plans,secure financing and develop arrangements for deploying different technologies.The timely release of t
228、echnology-and service-neutral spectrum bands can deliver a positive impact on consumers.Long-term value,innovation and cost reductions need to be provided through relatively short technology cycles,and if spectrum is released sooner,operators have more time to invest in more efficient and sustainabl
229、e new technologies to make them available nationwide.More spectrum also eases capacity constraints in urban areas so that operators are better able to invest in rural areas.Conversely,unnecessary delays to spectrum awards risk harming mobile broadband service rollouts,leaving more people unconnected
230、 and weakening the positive enablement effect that mobile can have on the reduction of carbon emissions.Mid-band 5G spectrum will drive an increase of more than$610 billion in global GDP in 2030,accounting for almost 65%of the overall socioeconomic value generated by 5G45/47Mobile industry enablersS
231、pectrum roadmaps can help define when spectrum should be made available,but barriers still remain.Setting aside spectrum for specific uses such as local or bespoke private networks is a frequent and unnecessary barrier to meeting demand and should be avoided in priority 5G bands(i.e.3.5,26 and 28 GH
232、z).Approaches such as leasing or sharing are typically better options in these situations,while private mobile networks are commonly provided by MNOs within licensed public mobile spectrum.The cost of spectrum also has a major impact.Governments and regulators should assign 5G spectrum to support th
233、eir digital connectivity goals rather than as a means of maximising state revenues.Effective spectrum pricing policies are vital to support better-quality and more affordable 5G services.In turn,this will help address issues such as the usage gap.High reserve prices,artificially limited spectrum sup
234、ply(including the set-asides mentioned above)and poor auction design can all have a negative impact due to suppressed investment capabilities(i.e.slower mobile broadband,limited coverage and higher prices for consumers).Auctions are the most common mechanism to assign spectrum and have shown,if well
235、 designed,to be successful in delivering better mobile services rather than maximising state revenues.But auctions are not the only means of assigning spectrum.Other methodologies,such as direct assignments and beauty contests,can also be successful for specific market circumstances.Regulators shoul
236、d also apply the right 5G spectrum licence terms and conditions and carefully consider best practice for awarding spectrum.Licences should be technology-and service-neutral to allow the upgrade of existing bands to 5G.Consulting with the industry will help maximise consumer benefits and ensure 5G is
237、 available for all.To maximise the benefits of 5G,governments and regulators should:make available sufficient 5G spectrum and avoid limiting the supply via set-asides set modest reserve prices and annual fees to let the market determine spectrum prices carefully consider auction design to avoid unne
238、cessary risks for bidders(e.g.avoiding mismatched lot sizes,which create artificial scarcity)develop and publish a 5G spectrum roadmap with the input of stakeholders to help operators plan effectively around future availability consult stakeholders on the award rules and licence terms and conditions
239、,taking them into account when setting prices(onerous obligations reduce the value of spectrum).Governments and regulators should assign 5G spectrum to support their digital connectivity goals rather than as a means of maximising state revenues46/47Mobile industry enablersGSMA Head Office1 Angel LaneLondonEC4R 3AB United KingdomTel:+44(0)20 7356 0600Fax:+44(0)20 7356 0601