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1、STATE OF THE U.S. SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY 2020 2 | SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION INTRODUCTION U.S. companies have for decades led the world in producing these tiny chips that power modern technologies. Our countrys leadership in semiconductors is a big reason America has the worlds largest econo
2、my and most advanced technologies. Since the onset in early 2020 of the COVID-19 pandemic, semiconductor-enabled technology has been deployed to find treatments, care for patients, work and study from home, order groceries and other essential products, and sustain countless other systems that underp
3、in modern society. It is a reminder of the importance of semiconductors in responding to the worlds most urgent challenges and crises. The U.S. semiconductor industry has continued to maintain its global leadership position in semiconductor technologies essential for the future, including artificial
4、 intelligence (AI), quantum computing, and advanced wireless networks such as 5G. The U.S. semiconductor industry has also maintained its global market share leadership, even though worldwide year-over-year sales growth in 2019 was negative, and has kept steady its very high levels of investment in
5、research and development (R sales leadership enables the U.S. industry to invest more into R and 2) having a competitive workforce. U.S. total capex investments were second only to Korea in 2019, and the U.S. led in spending for plant and equipment to manufacture advanced logic, where it accounted f
6、or 44 percent of the worlds total. A key U.S. advantage has been the ability to attract talented people from all over the globe who come to study at American universities and choose to stay. Having access to a highly educated workforce, strong in STEM, is critical to the future of Americas leadershi
7、p in semiconductors. Semiconductors Alternative Energy Fixed Line Telecommunications Software and 2) a significant amount of semiconductor fab capacity resides in the United States. U.S. MANUFACTURING AND WORKFORCE Semiconductors are one of Americas top exports. Singapore All Others China Japan 17.4
8、% Europe9.1% 8.8% 5.6% 5.0% 44.3%U.S. 9.9% Taiwan In 2019, about 44 percent of U.S.- headquartered firms front-end semiconductor wafer capacity was located in the United States. Other leading locations for U.S.-headquartered front-end semiconductor wafer fab capacity were Singapore, Taiwan, Europe,
9、and Japan. It is notable that China has attracted less U.S. investment in front-end fabrication than the other major markets. Unfortunately, the average rate of chip manufacturing output has grown five times faster overseas than it has in the United States over the last decade. This is largely due t
10、o robust incentive programs nations have put in place to attract semiconductor manufacturing. The United States must consider similar incentives in order to remain competitive. U.S. semiconductor manufacturers maintain more of their manufacturing base in the United States than in any other country.
11、PERCENT OF U.S.-HEADQUARTERED FIRM SEMICONDUCTOR WAFER CAPACITY BY LOCATION Semiconductors $46B Refined Oil $94B Aircraft $125B Crude Oil $65B Automobiles $48B TOP U.S. EXPORTS IN 2019 The U.S. semiconductor industry accounts for roughly a quarter of a million direct U.S. jobs and over a million add
12、itional indirect U.S. jobs. direct jobs in the U.S. semiconductor industry 241,134 U.S. semiconductor job supports ONE jobs in other parts in the U.S. economy. 4.89 American jobs .thats more than 1,000,000 ADDITIONAL 16 | SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 2020 STATE OF THE U.S. SEMICONDUCTOR INDUST
13、RY | 17 Over the past year, U.S. policymakers have taken steps toward advancing the industrys research, workforce, and trade and intellectual property (IP) priorities. Research: In 2019, the U.S. government continued to fund semiconductor research programs at the Departments of Energy (DOE) and Defe
14、nse (DOD), the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST), and the National Science Foundation (NSF). The Administration has also recently announced new research programs aimed at supporting the U.S. semiconductor industry, including DOEs quantum information science initiative and DODs Ele
15、ctronics Resurgence Initiative (ERI) and Microelectronics Innovation for National Security & Economic Competitiveness (MINSEC) programs. Workforce: Legislation in Congress, approved by the House but not yet the Senate, would eliminate unjustified and counterproductive per-country caps on employment-
16、based visas in favor of a fair, “first-come, first-served” system. Trade & IP: The United States-Mexico- Canada Agreement (USMCA), a free trade agreement that would strengthen the U.S. semiconductor industry, has been signed by the President and approved by Congress. In addition, over the past year
17、the federal government has increased its prosecution of IP trade theft cases. While progress in these three areas is welcome, more government action is needed to ensure a strong U.S. semiconductor industry and help the industry overcome challenges from China and other global competitors. The federal
18、 government is a key partner in developing policies that promote a strong and innovative U.S. semiconductor industry. U.S. SEMICONDUCTOR INNOVATION POLICY LANDSCAPE 18 | SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION To ensure continued U.S. leadership in the global semiconductor industry, the U.S. must adopt a
19、n ambitious competitiveness and innovation agenda. 1. Research: Triple U.S. investments in semiconductor- specific research across federal scientific agencies from approximately $1.5 billion to $5 billion annually to advance new materials, designs, and architectures that will exponentially increase
20、chip performance. Double U.S. research investments in semiconductor-related fields such as materials science, computer science, engineering, and applied mathematics across federal scientific agencies to spur leap-ahead innovations in semiconductor technology that will drive key technologies of the f
21、uture. 2. Domestic Manufacturing: Establish a new manufacturing grant program to spur construction of new onshore advanced semiconductor manufacturing facilities in the U.S., including leading-edge logic foundries, advanced memory, and analog fabs to supply defense, critical infrastructure, and broa
22、der essential commercial needs. Provide tax incentives for semiconductor manufacturing, such as a refundable investment tax credit for the purchase of new semiconductor manufacturing equipment. 3. Workforce: Reform the high-skilled immigration system so qualified STEM graduates from U.S. colleges an
23、d universities, as well as STEM graduates from around the world, can work, innovate, and contribute to U.S. leadership in the semiconductor industry and boost our economy. Increase U.S. investments in STEM education by 50 percent and implement a national STEM education initiative to double the numbe
24、r of American STEM graduates by 2029. 4. Trade and IP: Approve and modernize free trade agreements, including the United States- Mexico-Canada Agreement, that remove market barriers, protect IP, and enable fair competition. Increase resources for law enforcement and intelligence agencies to prevent
25、and prosecute semiconductor intellectual property theft, including the misappropriation of trade secrets. By implementing these policies, Congress and the Administration can take key steps to protect American leadership in semiconductor technology and win the global competition for the technologies
26、of the future. U.S. SEMICONDUCTOR INNOVATION POLICY LANDSCAPE 2020 STATE OF THE U.S. SEMICONDUCTOR INDUSTRY | 19 METHODOLOGY This report is based on data development both in partnership with VLSI Research and independently by the Semiconductor Industry Association. Figures pertaining to the industry
27、s employment are based on data from the U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Department of Labor. Figures regarding the industrys international trade activity are based on an analysis of official U.S. government trade data from the U.S. ABOUT SIA The Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) is the voice
28、of the semiconductor industry, one of Americas top export industries and a key driver of Americas economic strength, national security, and global competitiveness. Semiconductors the tiny chips that enable modern technologies power incredible products and services that have transformed our lives and
29、 our economy. The semiconductor industry directly employs nearly a quarter of a million workers in the United States, and U.S. semiconductor company International Trade Commission. Figures regarding industry manufacturing, capacity, and capital spending were based on data from SEMI, VLSI Research, E
30、U Scoreboard, McKinsey, The Economist, Tokyo Electron, J.P. Morgan, and IC Insights. Market data was based on World Semiconductor Trade Statistics data. Lastly, industry R&D data was based on company financial reports, as well as data from the EU Scoreboard. sales totaled $193 billion in 2019. SIA m
31、embers account for nearly 95 percent of all U.S. semiconductor industry sales. Through this coalition, SIA seeks to strengthen leadership of semiconductor manufacturing, design, and research by working with Congress, the Administration, and key industry stakeholders around the world to encourage policies that fuel innovation, propel business, and drive international competition. Learn more at www.semiconductors.org.