1、Overview on Chinas 14th Five-Year Plans in the Transport SectorImplemented by As a federally owned entreprise,GIZ supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development.Published by:Published by:Deutsche Gesellschaft frInterna

2、tionale Zusammenarbeit(GIZ)GmbHRegistered officesBonn and Eschborn,GermanyAddressTayuan Diplomatic Office Building 2-514 Liangmahe South Street,Chaoyang District100600,Beijing,PR ChinaT+86-(0)10-8527 5589F+86-(0)10-8527 5591E transition-chinagiz.deI www.mobility.transition-china.orgProject:Project:S

3、ino-German Cooperation on Low Carbon Transport(CLCT)NDC Transport Initiative for Asia(NDC-TIA)CLCT and NDC-TIA are part of the International Climate Initiative(IKI).IKI is working under the leadership of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action,in close cooperation with its found

4、er,the Federal Ministry of Environment and the Federal Foreign Office.ResponsibleResponsibleSebastian Ibold(GIZ)E transition-chinagiz.deI www.mobility.transition-china.orgAuthorsAuthorsSebastian Ibold(GIZ),Xia Yun(GIZ),Wang Yan(GIZ)LayoutLayoutHu Xin(GIZ),Zhang Ke(GIZ),Song Xuyang(GIZ)Photo creditsP

5、hoto creditsHK(Front&Back Cover)URL linksURL linksResponsibility for the content of external websites linked in this publication always lies with their respective publishers.GIZ expressly dissociates itself from such content.Beijing,2022ImprintContentBackground Overview on Chinas transport 14th Five

6、-Year Plans Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)for National Economic and SocialDevelopment and Vision 2035 of the Peoples Republic of China 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Transport Standardisation 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Comprehensive Transport Services 14th

7、Five-Year Plan for the Development of Civil Aviation 14th Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Digital Transport 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Postal Industry 14th Five-Year Plan for Development of Modern Comprehensive

8、Transport System 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Green Transport 21416This paper aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the 14th Five-Year Plans(FYPs)relevant to the development of Chinas transport sector until 2025 and be-yond.The paper summarises the key elements,prior

9、ities and goals of the plans and draws a picture of the general development direction of transport in China.The focus of Chinas social and economic development during the 14th FYP period(2021-2025)and beyond lies in further promoting the transition towards more sustainable development.The 14th FYP p

10、eriod is shaped in particular by COVID-19 recovery,urbanisation,city cluster development and urban-rural integration,an ageing society,safeguarding of logistics and supply chains,energy and food security,and air pollution and greenhouse gas mitigation.The development of Chinas transport system in th

11、e 14th FYP period is crucial for achieving the declared goals of building an advanced and globally competitive transport system by 2035 and an internationally highly competitive transport system by 2050,as well as achieving carbon dioxide emission peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 206

12、0.The focus for transport until 2025,on the one hand lies in the further expansion of the countrys transport infrastructure,in particular into its hinterland,and on the other hand in the further advancement of transport services and technology and the promotion of green and low carbon transport.Infr

13、astructure:Until 2025,China aims to expand its high-speed rail(HSR)network from 38,000 km to 50,000 km(with more than 95%coverage in cities with 500,000 or more residents),the urban rail network from 6,600 km to 10,000 km and to increase the number of civil transport airports from 241 to more than 2

14、70.Transport services:Until 2025,China aims to build an integrated digital travel network with the promotion of electric tickets and intelligent passenger transport hubs as its emphasis,increase the access rate of express delivery services in villages from 50%to 90%and equip 3,400+high-speed trains

15、with seats for disabled people.Transport technology:Until 2025,China aims to increase the number of sales of New Energy Vehicles(NEVs)to reach about 20%of total sales and the percentage of NEVs in urban bus,rental car and logistics distribution from 66.2%,27%and 8%to 72%,35%and 20%respectively,and t

16、o increase the application rate of the Beidou Satellite Navigation System in key areas from 60%to 95%.Green and low carbon transport:The carbon dioxide emission per ton kilometre of transport aviation will be reduced from 0.928 to 0.886 kg and the average annual growth rate of combined rail-water co

17、ntainer transport volume shall be 15%.1BackgroundFigure 1:Chinas transport sector development roadmap(selected policies)Source:GIZIn 2021,China entered its 14th FYP period,which spans from 2021 to 2025.As Chinas central development blueprints,FYPs,in line with various other medium-to long term polic

18、ies and strategies,articulate the countrys near-term development priorities and goals.The transport sector plays a key role in Chinas socio-economic development roadmap and is thus reflected in the FYPs accordingly.In March 2021,the Fourth Session of the 13th National Peoples Congress issued the Out

19、line of the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)for National Economic and Social Development and Vision 2035 of the Peoples Republic of China.The plan functions as the countrys top-level development blueprint and outlines the goal of constructing Chinas Strength in Transport1as one of its priorities.In li

20、ne with the plan,Chinas goals to achieve carbon dioxide emission peaking before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060(dual carbon goals)2 and other 1 On September 19th,2019,the Outline for Building Chinas Strength in Transport was released.The document was approved by the Communist Party of China C

21、entral Committee(CPCCC)and the State Council and describes the future vision and roadmap of Chinas transport sector development in two phases(Phase 1-2020 to 2035:Building an advanced and globally competitive transport system.A“major transport country”shall be built by 2035.By then,the transport sys

22、tem will have fully met the demand and serve the countrys overall modernisation.Phase 2-2036 to 2050:Building an internationally highly competitive transport system.By 2050,an internationally highly competitive and leading transport system will be built.Chinas transport system shall globally meet th

23、e highest standards not only by scale but in quality of technical equipment,technological innovation capability and related professional workforce,intelligent and smart transport capabilities,environmental conditions,traffic safety and governance capacity,among others.2 On October 28,2021,China subm

24、itted an updated national climate commitment under the Paris Agreement updated Nationally Determined Contribution(NDC)to the UNFCCC.top-level medium-and long-term development policies(see Figure 1),various transport sector-related 14th FYPs at national,provincial and local levels have been issued,pu

25、tting forward new goals and requirements for the future development of transport in China(see Figure 2).The plans set the transport sectors development course in the period from 2021 to 2025 and function as the basis for the elaboration and implementation of further(14th Five-Year)plans and programm

26、es at national,provincial and local level.The plans describe the priorities for the development,e.g.in the fields of transport infrastructure and transport services,aviation,shipping,intermodal transport,new energy vehicles(NEVs),and active mobility(cycling and walking)and set specific goals respect

27、ively.For a comparison to the development goals of former FYPs,please see Figure 3 below.2Figure 2:Chinas transport 14th Five-Year Plans Source:GIZ3Figure 3:Comparison of selected transport development targets in the 11th,12th,13th,and 14th Five-Year Plans4Overview on Chinas transport 14th Five-Year

28、 PlansSince there will be several transport related plans within the framework of the Five-Year plan,and some will be released later,below listed and described are Chinas key transport sector 14th FYPs at national level,especially those related to sustainable development,which have been issued to da

29、te.The plans are sorted according to their publication date.Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025)for National Economic and Social Development and Vision 2035 of the Peoples Republic of ChinaIssuing authority:Issuing authority:Fourth Session of the 13th National Peoples Congress(NPC)Date of P

30、ublication:Date of Publication:March 11 2021Link to the policy:Link to the policy:http:/ plan describes Chinas overall strategic development direction and the governments work priorities.It outlines that by 2035,China will basically achieve socialist modernisation and highlights that the green trans

31、formation of production and lifestyle will achieve significant results,by which energy consumption per unit of GDP(energy intensity)and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP(carbon intensity)will be reduced by 13.5%and 3 City clusters have been part of the Chinas urbanisation strategy since 2006

32、and aim to institutionalise governance coordination and cooperation mechanisms across local administrations within cluster regions.(Groff,Rau,2019).City clusters,among others,are Jing-Jin-Ji(Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei)in the north of China,the Yangtze River Delta cluster in the east,the Pearl River Delta

33、 cluster in the south,the Cheng-Yu cluster in the west,and the Yangtze River Middle Reaches cluster in central China.City cluster development also aims at effective transport infrastructure integration(e.g.airports or intercity rail)and optimised urban development and urban-rural integration.4 Accor

34、ding to the Digital Economy Analysis 2020-2021,published by China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team in January 2021,the digital economy,with its increasing share of GDP,has become a new lever to leverage the growth of the worlds economic recovery.18%,respectively.The plan outl

35、ines the following transport-related development goals for the next five years:The goal to construct Chinas Strength in Transport,serving as a long-term oriented top-level guidance,is detailed in the plan,according to which China will strengthen the integrated development of transport in city cluste

36、rs3 and metropolitan areas,as well as the network quality improvement and layout optimisation of railways,highways,expressways,inland waterways,urban rail transit,junction stations,ports and airports.Further develop and strengthen the new energy vehicle(NEV)industry as an emerging strategic industry

37、 in China.Strengthen the supporting role of the logistics system,which is crucial for building a strong domestic market.According to the plan,China will build a modern logistics system,including the development of cold chain logistics,logistics distribution systems,railway,air and shipping freight c

38、apacity and international logistics channels.Further promote the digital economy4,carry out pilot and demonstration projects in smart transport,smart logistics,smart energy,and other key fields to give full play to the advantages of the digital industry.Strengthen regional coordinated development as

39、 a major strategy for supporting the development of the transport sector,with a focus on the transport systems in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(Jing-Jin-Ji),Yangtze River Delta,and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)regions.5 Improve urban development and enhance the connectivity of infrastr

40、ucture in metropolitan areas,as well as the priority of the development of urban transit and a slow-traffic network of bicycle lanes and pedestrian paths.Promote the transition of the transport sector towards low-carbon development;promote the transition of bulk goods transportation and medium and l

41、ong-distance freight transportation from highways to railways and waterways;and the electrification of urban public transit and logistics distribution vehicles.Further continue opening-up for win-win cooperation.The plan urges further efforts to promote integrated connectivity that comprises land,se

42、a,air,and cyber links,and to create a new international land-sea trade corridor.14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Transport StandardisationIssuing authority:Issuing authority:Ministry of Transport(MoT)of the Peoples Republic of ChinaDate of publication:Date of publication:November 15 2021Li

43、nk to the policy:Link to the policy:https:/ a guidance for the standardisation work for the transport sector during the 14th Five-Year Plan period,the plan proposes to basically establish a high-quality standard system for transport by 2025.According to the plan,the government-led and market-led for

44、mulation of standards should develop in coordination and standardisation together with scientific and technological innovation,as well as regional coordinated development strategy 5 According to the State Administration for Market Regulation,important products refer to 10 categories of products:haza

45、rdous chemicals,packages of hazardous chemicals,vehicle mounted atmospheric tanks,steel bars,cement,wires and cables,gas appliances,fireworks and firecrackers,electric bicycles,electric bicycle chargers and batteries.and rural revitalisation strategy should be deeply integrated.China should become a

46、n important participant and contributor to the global standardisation and greatly enhance its international influence by promoting the co-construction and sharing of international standards.The plan outlines the following development goals for the next 5 years:Basically establish a high-quality stan

47、dard system and complete 1,200 national and industrial standard formulation and revision projects,focusing on emerging fields such as integrated transportation,safety emergency,green development,etc.The average revision cycle of national and industrial standards should be completed within 18 months,

48、and the sampling qualification rate of important products35 should reach more than 95%.The internationalisation of standards should be significantly improved,with the conversion rate of international standards reaching more than 85%.14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Comprehensive Transport

49、ServicesIssuing authority:Issuing authority:Ministry of Transport(MoT)of the Peoples Republic of ChinaDate of Publication:Date of Publication:November 18 2021Link to the policy:Link to the policy:https:/ a blueprint for the high-quality development of integrated transport services in the 14th Five-Y

50、ear Plan period,the plan proposes that a multi-level,high-quality passenger travel service 6system and a whole-chain,integrated freight logistics service system should be basically established,with the modern international logistics supply chain system continuously improved,the green and digital dev

51、elopment level significantly advanced,and the ability to serve and support economic and social development further enhanced.The plan outlines the following development goals for the next 5 years:Build a synergistic and integrated transport service system.The plan highlights the goals of“zero-distanc

52、e transfer”for passenger transport and“seamless connection”for freight transport and calls for promotion of“MaaS(Mobility as a Service)6”.Construct a fast and convenient urban and rural passenger transport service system.Aiming at a high-capacity,high-efficiency intercity express passenger transport

53、 service mainly supported by high-speed rail and air,the plan requires a wider accessibility to buses in towns and villages,and a richer customisation of transport and tourism services.Build a comfortable and smooth urban travel service system.The plan emphasises the priority of public transport,the

54、 improvement of slow traffic,especially elderly-appropriate services,and the guidance of choosing green and low-carbon transport modes for the public.Build an intensive and efficient freight transport and logistics service system.The construction of urban and rural logistics and distribution systems

55、 will be improved,according to the plan,with emerging rural logistics service brands,better cold chain logistics parks,advanced electronic waybill and temperature monitoring systems etc.Build a safe and smooth international 6 MaaS is a concept aimed at the integration of public transport and private

56、 mobility services into one digital mobility platform,ultimately facilitating an entire urban trip,from route-planning to payment.logistics supply chain service system.The plan puts a special focus on opening up direct transport channels between China and Europe and further development of the China-

57、Europe block train.Create a clean and low-carbon green transport service system.In alignment with the dual carbon goals,the plan proposes to actively develop clean transport equipment,update high emission operating vehicles,promote the green and lightweight mail and express packaging,so as to promot

58、e the overall green transformation of transport services.Create a digital and intelligent transport service system.Herein,data resources and digital supervision are the main expectations of the plan for the development of transportation services.Create a strong security and emergency service system.

59、For this purpose,automobile maintenance and motor vehicle driver training are stressed in the plan.Create a unified and open transport service market system.The plan requires a deeper all-round reform of various market entities,and actively promotes the legislation of supporting regulations,so as to

60、 improve the integrated transport service standard system and continuously improve the industrys governance capacity.Build a sophisticated and professional staff insurance system.The plan calls for a better safeguard of the legitimate rights and interests of employees,and improvement in their sense

61、of professional honour.Key indicators:7 Indicator Indicator2020202020252025Percentage of people taking public motorized transit in central cities(%)4346Number of cities with more than 70%green travel ratio and meanwhile with a resident population of 1 million or more4060Coverage rate of electronic t

62、icket of second-class and above road passenger transport stations,inter-provincial and inter-city passenger transport lines(%)30,2599,80Percentage of railroad cargo turnover(%)15.517Average annual growth rate of rail-ship container transportation volume(%)23.815Access rate of express service in vill

63、ages(%)5090Ratio of return and loaded containers of China-Europe freight trains(%)43.8,98.445,95Number of international road transport agreement signed countries and regions 1925Percentage of new energy vehicles in city bus,rental car and logistics distribution(%)66.2,27,872,35,20Decline rate of dea

64、th toll per 10,000 vehicles in road transport higher and above grade traffic accidents(%)12Percentage of application handled within a time limit and satisfaction rate of the return visit through the transport service and complaints hotline 12328(%)93.9,97.895,98814th Five-Year Plan for the Developme

65、nt of Civil AviationIssuing authority:Issuing authority:Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC)Date of Publication:Date of Publication:December 14 2021Link to the policy:Link to the policy:http:/ plan proposes that the development of civil aviation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period be divid

66、ed into a“recovery and accumulation”period(2021-2022),and a“growth and release”period(2023-2025)for step-by-step implementation.Looking forward to 2035,civil aviation in China will realize the strategic goal of leaping from a single air transport power to a multi-field civil aviation power.The plan

67、outlines the following development goals for the next 5 years:Safety system with a specific focus on the operation,air defence,airworthiness,information and other civil aviation safety chains.Infrastructure system with the improvement of the national comprehensive airport system and air traffic secu

68、rity services.Aviation service system in terms of air passenger network,air logistics network,general aviation network and service quality.Eco-friendly green development system,promoting resource conservation and intensive utilisation.Strategic support system including the leading strategy of scient

69、ific and technological innovation,the talent pool,regional coordinated development,and opening-up to the outside world.Governance system with more advanced intelligent supervision and strengthened cultural construction.Key anticipatory indicators:9No.No.IndicatorIndicator202020202025 2025 Average An

70、nual Average Annual Growth Rate(%)Growth Rate(%)(1)Support Capability1Number of Civil Airport580770-Including:Number of civil transport Airport241270-Number of runways in transport airport265305-2Guaranteed take-off and landing sorties(10000 sorties)905177012.9(6.5)3Coverage rate of route from munic

71、ipal level administrative centre to transport airport within 60 minutes(%)74.880-(2)Industry Scale4Total transport turnover(100-million-ton kilometres)799175017.0(5.2)5Passenger transport volume(100 million person)4.29.317.2(5.9)6Cargo and mail transport volume(10000 tons)6779507.0(3.9)7Share of Chi

72、nese aviation entreprises in Chinas international freight market(%)33.840-8General aviation flight volume(10000 hours)2814509.5Including:flight volume of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cloud System(10000 hours)18325010(3)Safety Level9Major and above accident rate of transport flight per million hours(times

73、/million hours)0 0.11-10Death toll of air transport per 100 million passenger kilometres(person/100 million passenger kilometres)080-1012Bridge approach rate of airports withan annual passenger traffic over 10 million(%)7580-13Rail transit access rate of hub airport(%)6880-14Average daily utilisatio

74、n rate of transport aircraft(hours)6.59.415Number of navigable countries6270-Including:number of navigable countries who build the“one belt one road”together4250-(5)Innovation and Intelligence16Electronic rate of freight documents(%)-80-17Paperless rate of the whole travel at airports with an annual

75、 passenger traffic over 10 million-100-18Baggage tracking service level through whole travel(%)-90-19Localisation rate of new major equipment in ATC system(%)6080-20Proportion of R&D investment of major entreprises(%)0.61-(6)Green Development21Carbon dioxide emission per ton kilometre of transport a

76、viation(kg)0.9280.886-22Energy consumption per passenger at airport(kg standard coal)0.9480.853-Notice:1.The data with is cumulative.2.The data with()is the 6-year average annual growth rate based on 2019.1114th Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission ReductionIssuing authority:Issuing a

77、uthority:The State Council of the Peoples Republic of ChinaDate of Publication:Date of Publication:December 18 2021Link to the policy:Link to the policy:http:/ 01/24/content_5670202.htmThe plan sets specific targets and programmes aimed at promoting energy conservation and emission reduction.Accordi

78、ng to the plan,by 2025,the energy consumption per unit of GDP will be 13.5%lower than it was in 2020.The total emissions of chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen,nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds will be 8%,8%,more than 10%and more than 10%lower than that in 2020 respectively.The plan

79、 outlines the following development goals for the next 5 years:Orderly promote green infrastructure construction such as charging,gas filling,hydrogen refuelling,shore power etc.Vigorously promote NEVs and NEV supporting infrastructure.By 2025,the sales of NEVs should reach about 20%of total sales.D

80、evelop multi-modal transport and accelerate the shift in the transportation of bulk goods and medium-and long-distance freight transport,from highways to railways and waterways.Vigorously promote clean diesel engines,and upgrade and replace heavy-duty diesel trucks.Accelerate the application of stan

81、dardised logistics turnover boxes.Comprehensively promote green express packaging.14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Digital Transport Issuing authority:Issuing authority:Ministry of Transport(MoT)of the Peoples Republic of ChinaDate of Publication:Date of Publication:December 22 2021Link to

82、 the policy:Link to the policy:https:/ plan specifies the development goals of Chinas digital transport,according to which by 2025,the digitisation,networking and intellectualisation of Chinas transport sector will be significantly improved.The plan outlines the following development goals for the n

83、ext 5 years:Build a comprehensive transport information platform focusing on big-data and co-sharing.Build a new integrated transport infrastructure network mainly in railways(e.g.,advanced train administration and communications system and intelligent train dispatching command system),highways(e.g.

84、,ETC system and intelligent service area),channels(e.g.,measurement facility and monitoring perception network),civil aviation and postal(automated sorting facility).Deploy Beidou,5G and other information infrastructure application networks,especially Beidou global maritime distress communication an

85、d search and rescue support systems.Build an integrated digital travel network with the promotion of electric tickets and intelligent passenger transport hubs as its emphasis.Build a smart logistics network of multimodal transport,particularly with the development of electronic waybills and intellig

86、ent shipping.Upgrade the modern industry 12management information network,in which the handling process of government services should be simplified and the health and safety risk monitoring network for important transport infrastructure should be strengthened.Cultivate the digital transport innovati

87、on and development system.Build a comprehensive network security system.14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Postal IndustryIssuing authority:Issuing authority:State Post Bureau Date of Publication:Date of Publication:December 28 2021Link to the policy:Link to the policy:http:/ plan sets out t

88、he development direction for the postal industry as a strategic national infrastructure in the 14th Five-Year Plan period,which proposes that by 2035,China should basically build its strong postal power and basically reach the level of 1-day delivery in China,2-day delivery in neighbouring countries

89、,and 3-day delivery in major cities worldwide.The plan outlines the following development goals for the next 5 years:Consolidate the development of the postal industry,especially ensuring the security of confidential communication.Accelerate the expansion of the postal industry,e.g.,cultivating and

90、expanding market players,such as building a logistics supply chain group;and promoting industrial synergy and integration especially with e-commerce.Improve the delivery network system,including strengthening the construction of hubs,trunks and terminal-delivery networks.Develop international delive

91、ry logistics and expand overseas and cross-border service capacity.Promote scientific and technological innovation in the postal industry with the focus on its digitisation.Improve the security level of the postal industry,including network data security and emergency systems.Promote the green trans

92、formation in packaging.Improve the governance capacity of the postal industry.Key indicators:Key indicators:13CategoryCategoryIndicatorIndicator2020202020252025Average annual Average annual growth rate/incre-growth rate/incre-ment ment cumulativecumulativeScale1.Postal business income(100 million yu

93、an)0.3%Capacity2.Express delivery business volume(100 million pieces)1089177010.2%3.Express delivery business income(100 million yuan)87951500011.3%Coordination4.Proportion of mail delivered 3 times a week or more in villages in the western region(%)94.7994.35.Express delivery service acc

94、ess rate to villages(%)5090406.Number of countries and regions covered by international express network708515Service7.Overall satisfaction of express delivery service(points)76.7803.38.The time limit for the whole process of mail between municipalities and provincial capitals(days)312Green develomen

95、t11.Number of recyclable express delivery packages(10000)2001000800Security12.Safety accident rate of express mail production(cases/billion pieces)-15%Note:refers to the accumulated amount in five years.1414th Five-Year Plan for Development of Modern Comprehensive Transport SystemIssuing authority:I

96、ssuing authority:The State Council of the Peoples Republic of ChinaDate of Publication:Date of Publication:January 19 2022Link to the policy:Link to the policy:https:/ plan is a strategic top-level transport development policy guiding the development of a comprehensive and fully integrated transport

97、 system in China.According to the plan,by 2025,Chinas comprehensive transport system will see integrated development with an improved infrastructure and facility network,more effective transport services,and more advanced technical equipment.Based on the near-term development,by 2035,a convenient,ec

98、onomical,efficient,reliable,green and advanced modern national comprehensive transportation network will be basically completed.The plan outlines the following development goals for the next 5 years:An improved facility network with more than 95%coverage of the high-speed rail(HSR)network in cities

99、with 500,000 or more residents,a nearly completed national expressway network,higher capacity utilisation of the main skeleton of the National Comprehensive Three-Dimensional Transportation Network,a 9 In terms of passenger transport,“one-stop”service allows passengers to go directly from the starti

100、ng point to the destination;in terms of freight transport,“one-stop”service refers to a coordinated process of transportation.10 One-hour commute for metropolitan areas,two-hour commute for city clusters,and three-hour commute in major cities11 One-day delivery in China,two-day delivery in neighbour

101、ing countries,and three-day delivery in major cities worldwidemore complete modern airport system,port terminals,transport hubs and advanced inland waterways,as well as the basic connection of the national border roads.More efficient transport services,including more popularised“one stop”1 transport

102、 services and a more enhanced global transport service network.More advanced technology and equipment with a deeper integration of 5G,AI and other technologies in the transport sector,as well as a more comprehensive coverage of the Beidou satellite navigation system.More dependable safety assurance,

103、particularly material supply chain assurance at the domestic and international levels.More improved governance capacity with further diversified investment and financing systems and laws.More sustainable development model with a wider application of clean and low-carbon transport,the significantly i

104、ncreased proportion of railway and waterway transportation,clean transportation and resource utilisation,as well as a steady decrease in carbon emissions.By 2035,the National 123 Travel Traffic Circle and the Global 123 Express Cargo and Logistics Circle should be basically completed.Key indicators:

105、Key indicators:15CategoryCategoryTargetTarget2020202020252025AttributeAttributeFacility Network1.Railway operating mileage(ten thousand km)14.616.5AnticipatoryIncluding:High-speed rail(HSR)operating mileage(ten thousand km)3.85Anticipatory2.Highway operating mileage(ten thousand km)519.8550Anticipat

106、oryIncluding:Expressway completed mileage16.119Anticipatory3.Advanced navigable inland waterway mileage(ten thousand km)1.611.85Anticipatory4.Civil transport airports241270Anticipatory5.Urban rail transit operating mileage(km)6,60010,000AnticipatoryCombination and Integration6.Railway access rate in

107、 key port areas of coastal ports(%)59.570Anticipatory7.Rail transit access rate in hub airport(%)6880Anticipatory8.Average annual growth rate of combined rail-water container transport volume(%)15Anticipatory9.Access rate of express delivery service in villages(%)5090AnticipatoryIntelligent and Gree

108、n10.Application rate of Beidou System in key areas(%)6095Anticipatory11.Proportion of urban new energy buses(%)66.272Anticipatory12.Reduction rate of transport carbon dioxide emission intensity(%)5AnticipatorySafety and Reliability13.Reduction rate of death toll per 10000 vehicles in major and above

109、 road traffic accidents(%)12Binding14.Major accident and above rate of civil aviation transport flight per one million hours(times/million hours)00.11Binding15.Fatality rate in railroad traffic accident per billion-ton kilometre(person/billion-ton km)0.170.3BindingNotice:Inis the cumulative data wit

110、hin 5 years.It refers to the large and medium volume urban rail transit projects included in the urban rail transit construction plan approved by the state.It refers to the percentage of airports which connect rail transit in international hub airports and regional hub airports.It refers to key oper

111、ating vehicles,self-owned trunk transport vehicles of postal express,passenger ships that should be equipped with onboard equipment with satellite positioning function,and dangerous goods ships etc.It refers to the proportion of new energy buses in all ground buses.It refers to the carbon dioxide em

112、ission calculated based on the unit transportation turnover.12 Including tourist buses,chartered buses,class III or above passenger trains and dangerous goods transport vehicles.Please refer to:https:/ Five-Year Plan for the Development of Green TransportIssuing authority:Issuing authority:Ministry

113、of Transport(MoT)of the Peoples Republic of ChinaDate of Publication:Date of Publication:January 21 2022Link to the policy:Link to the policy:https:/ the context of dual carbon goals,this plan serves as the guiding direction for the energy structure adjustment and emission reduction of the transport

114、 sector in the next five years.It proposes that by 2025,green and low-carbon production methods in the transport sector be initially formed with environment-friendly infrastructure,clean and low-carbon transport equipment,as well as the intensive and efficient transport organisation.The plan outline

115、s the following development goals for the next 5 years:Optimise spatial layout and construct green transport infrastructure.Optimise transport structures and improve comprehensive transport energy efficiency.Promote the application of new energy and build a low-carbon transport system.Adhere to addr

116、essing both the symptoms and root causes and promote the in-depth management of traffic pollution.Insist on innovation-driven and strengthen the support of green transport technology.Improve the promotion of mechanism and the green transport supervision system.Improve the cooperation mechanism and d

117、eepen international exchanges and cooperation.Key indicators:Key indicators:17NumberNumber Indicator TypeIndicator TypeIndicatorIndicatorTarget Target Value Value in 2025in 2025Indicator Indicator AttributeAttribute1Reducingpollution and carbon emissionReduction rate of CO2 emission per unit transpo

118、rt turnover of operating vehicles compared with 2020(%)5Anticipatory2Reduction rate of CO2 emission per unit transport turnover of operating ships compared with 2020(%)3.5Anticipatory3Reduction rate of total NOx emission per unit transport turnover of operating ships compared with 2020(%)7Anticipato

119、ry4Energy consumption structureProportion of new energy vehicles in urban public transport,taxi(including online car hailing)and urban logistics distribution in China(%)72,35,20Anticipatory5Proportion of new energy and clean energy container trucks in international container hub seaports(%)60Anticip

120、atory6The growth rate of shore power consumption of the year in ports and water service areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt compared with that in 2020(%)100Anticipatory7Transportation structureAverage annual growth rate of combined rail-water container transport volume(%)15Anticipatory8Number o

121、f cities with 1 million or more urban residents with more than 70%green travel ratio60AnticipatoryNotice:International container hub seaports refer to Shanghai Port,Dalian Port,Tianjin Port,Qingdao Port,Lianyungang Port,Ningbo Zhoushan Port,Xiamen Port,Shenzhen Port,Guangzhou Port,Beibu Gulf Port,Ya

122、ngpu Port,a total of 11 ports.Green travel includes urban public transport as well as slow-moving transport such as cycling and walking.Deutsche Gesellschaft frInternationale Zusammenarbeit(GIZ)GmbHSitz der GesellschaftBonn und EschbornFriedrich-Ebert-Allee 32+3653113 Bonn,DeutschlandT+49 228 44 60-0F+49 228 44 60-17 66E infogiz.deI www.giz.deDag-Hammarskjld-Weg 1-565760 Eschborn,DeutschlandT+49 61 96 79-0F+49 61 96 79-11 15