1、 POPULATION TRENDS, 2020 ISSN 2591-8028 Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade or (ii) a person living alone or a person living with others but having his own food or other essential arrangements for living. Although persons may be living in the same house, they may not be members of the same h

2、ousehold. A resident household refers to a household headed by a Singapore citizen or permanent resident. 18 Population Trends, 2020 Singapore Department of Statistics Type of Dwelling The Housing and Development Board (HDB) 4-room flat continued to be the most common type of dwelling, housing 31.8

3、per cent of resident households in 2019 (Chart 2.2). The next two largest groups were those staying in HDB 5-room & executive flats and HDB 3-room flats, which formed 23.1 per cent and 17.5 per cent respectively. Another 6.2 per cent lived in HDB 1- & 2-room flats. While the proportion of resident h

4、ouseholds living in condominiums & other apartments made up only the fourth largest group in 2019, that proportion has been increasing over the past two decades from 6.3 per cent in 1999 to 10.5 per cent in 2009 and 16.2 per cent in 2019. The proportion of those living in landed properties remained

5、relatively stable at 5.0 per cent in 2019. Chart 2.2 Proportion of Resident Households by Selected Type of Dwelling * Includes HDB studio apartments. 0 10 20 30 40 02005201020152019 HDB 1- and 2-Room Flats* Landed Properties Condominiums/ Other Apartments HDB 3-Room Flats HDB 5-Room / Exe

6、cutive Flats HDB 4-Room Flats Per Cent Singapore Department of Statistics Population Trends, 2020 19 Home Ownership In 2019, 1.24 million resident households, or 90.4 per cent, owned their homes (Table 2.1). Ownership has remained high with more than 9 in 10 resident households owning their homes si

7、nce 2012. Table 2.1 Resident Households by Tenancy of Household Year Tenancy (000) Home Ownership Rate (%) Total* Owner- Occupied Rented 1990 661.7 578.9 78.6 87.5 2000 915.1 841.6 63.4 92.0 2010 1,145.9 998.9 132.5 87.2 2011 1,146.2 1,015.9 103.5 88.6 2012 1,152.0 1,038.2 106.8 90.1 2013 1,174.5 1,

8、062.5 105.7 90.5 2014 1,200.0 1,083.4 109.8 90.3 2015 1,225.3 1,112.4 106.2 90.8 2016 1,263.6 1,149.1 107.6 90.9 2017 1,289.9 1,170.2 109.8 90.7 2018 2019 1,325.3 1,372.4 1,205.8 1,240.6 112.4 122.5 91.0 90.4 * Includes resident households in Others tenancy. Tenancy of Household Tenancy refers to th

9、e survey-reported tenure status of the household with respect to the dwelling in which the household members live in. “Owner-Occupied” refers to a household where the head and/or any other member(s) in the household owns the dwelling unit. This includes those which are fully paid-up as well as those

10、 with outstanding housing loans. “Rented” refers to a household where the head and/or any other member(s) in the household rents whole or part of the dwelling unit. “Others” refer to a household where the head and/or any other member(s) in the household occupies whole or part of the dwelling unit wi

11、thout charge (provided free by other persons (e.g., employers, relatives, friends, or any other persons). 20 Population Trends, 2020 Singapore Department of Statistics Household Size The average household size among resident households decreased from 3.53 persons in 2012 to 3.16 persons in 2019 (Cha

12、rt 2.3). Resident households with larger family sizes tend to live in bigger houses such as landed properties or HDB dwellings with more rooms. In 2019, the average household size among those staying in landed properties was the largest at 4.24 persons, followed by 3.58 persons for those staying in

13、HDB 5-room & executive flats. The smallest average household size was at 2.02 persons for those living in HDB 1- & 2-room flats. Chart 2.3 Average Household Size of Resident Households by Selected Type of Dwelling Includes other types of dwelling (e.g. non-HDB shophouses). Data for years prior to 20

14、18 includes non-privatised Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDC) flats. * Includes HDB studio apartments. 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 02005201020152019 Persons HDB 3-Room Flats HDB 1- and 2-Room Flats* Condominiums/ Other Apartments HDB 4-Room Flats HDB 5-Room / Executive F

15、lats Landed Properties Total Singapore Department of Statistics Population Trends, 2020 21 Household Living Arrangement While couple-based with children households continued to be the most common living arrangement among resident households, the proportion of such households declined from 57.5 per c

16、ent in 2009 to 46.9 per cent in 2019 (Chart 2.4). In contrast, the proportions rose for couple-based households without children (from 14.4 per cent to 19.1 per cent) and one-person households (from 10.3 per cent to 15.2 per cent) over the past decade. Chart 2.4 Resident Households by Household Livi

17、ng Arrangement 57.5 14.4 7.1 10.310.7 46.9 19.1 6.6 15.2 12.3 Couple-Based with Children Couple-Based without Children Lone-ParentLiving AloneOthers 2009 2019 Per Cent Household Living Arrangement Couple-based households refer to households with a married head and spouse. This category is further sp

18、lit into those living with children and without children. Lone-parent households refer to households whose head is never-married/widowed/ divorced/separated and living with children aged below 16 years or never-married children. Living alone households refer to one-person households. Examples includ

19、e single persons living alone, or ever-married persons who are living alone as their children have grown up and moved out from the parental home. 22 Population Trends, 2020 Singapore Department of Statistics Despite a decline in share over the past decade, couple-based households with children remai

20、ned the most prevalent among households with heads aged below 65 years. In 2019, such households constituted 35.4 per cent among heads aged below 35 years, 56.8 per cent among heads aged 35-49 years, and 53.3 per cent among heads aged 50-64 years (Chart 2.5). This reflects the different stages of th

21、e life cycle at which married couples set up families and raise children. Among elderly heads aged 65 years and over, couple-based households with children formed a lower proportion (25.4 per cent in 2019) as compared to younger heads. Conversely, the share of couple-based households without childre

22、n and one-person households were higher compared to younger heads. This trend corresponds to the life cycle stage of grown up children leaving their parental homes or the passing away of one spouse. Chart 2.5 Resident Households by Age Group of Head and Household Living Arrangement 39.0 28.2 2.2 13.

23、0 17.5 35.4 29.5 2.4 12.9 19.9 Couple-Based with Children Couple-Based without Children Lone-ParentLiving AloneOthers Heads Aged Below 35 Years 66.4 10.4 5.6 7.8 9.8 56.8 13.1 6.3 12.211.6 Couple-Based with Children Couple-Based without Children Lone-ParentLiving AloneOthers Heads Aged 35-49 Years 6

24、2.6 10.0 8.4 9.9 9.1 53.3 13.3 8.1 13.8 11.5 Couple-Based with Children Couple-Based without Children Lone-ParentLiving AloneOthers Heads Aged 50-64 Years 33.6 26.0 12.1 16.6 11.7 25.4 33.7 6.6 22.9 11.5 Couple-Based with Children Couple-Based without Children Lone-ParentLiving AloneOthers Heads Age

25、d 65 Years & Over 2009 2019 Per Cent Singapore Department of Statistics Population Trends, 2020 23 Chapter 3 Family Formation and Dissolution Marriages A total of 25,434 marriages were registered in 2019, 5.8 per cent lower than the 27,007 marriages registered in the year before (Chart 3.1). Despite

26、 the decline in 2019, the annual average number of marriages registered in the last five years (27,389) was higher than the annual average registered between 2010 and 2014 (26,844). Among the marriages registered in 2019, about three quarters or 19,356 were first marriages where neither party had pr

27、eviously been married. Chart 3.1 Total Marriages and General Marriage Rate (GMR) Note: Prior to 1984, data on GMR are based on total grooms/brides and total population comprising residents (i.e. Singapore citizens and permanent residents) and non-residents. Data from 1984 onwards are based on reside

28、nt grooms/brides and resident population. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 10 20 30 40 50 05201020152019 Per 1,000 Unmarried Resident Males/Females Aged 15-49 Years (000) Male GMR Female GMR Remarriages First Marriages Total Marriages and Divorces Statistics on marriages comprise ci

29、vil marriages registered under the Womens Charter and Muslim marriages registered under the Administration of Muslim Law Act. They are obtained from records maintained by the Registry of Marriages and the Registry of Muslim Marriages. Statistics on divorces and annulments are obtained from records m

30、aintained by the Family Justice Courts and Syariah Court. The records on revocation of divorces are obtained from the Registry of Muslim Marriages. Separations that do not confer on the parties the right to remarry are not covered. More details on marriages and divorces are available in the publicat

31、ion “Statistics on Marriages and Divorces, 2019”. 24 Population Trends, 2020 Singapore Department of Statistics The general marriage rate declined between 2009 and 2019. For males, the rate was 40.7 marriages per thousand unmarried males aged 15-49 years in 2019, down from 43.4 in 2009. The rate for

32、 females in 2019 was 37.9 marriages per thousand unmarried females aged 15-49 years, down from 38.9 a decade ago. Age-Specific Marriage Rate In 2019, marriage rates were the highest among males and females aged 30-34 years (Chart 3.2). This is a shift from the peak age group of 25-29 years for femal

33、es marrying a decade ago. Compared to 2009, the 25-29 years age group registered the largest decline for both males and females. Chart 3.2 Age-Sex Specific Marriage Rate 0 50 100 150 15-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-49 Males 2009 2018 2019 Age Group (Years) Per 1,000 Unmarried Resident Males 0 50 10

34、0 150 15-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-49 Females 2009 2018 2019 Age Group (Years) Per 1,000 Unmarried Resident Females General Marriage Rate The rate is defined as the number of marriages registered among persons aged 15-49 years during the year, out of every thousand unmarried population in the sa

35、me age group. Age-Specific Marriage Rate It is defined as the number of marriages registered within a specific age group during the year, out of every thousand unmarried population in the same age group. Singapore Department of Statistics Population Trends, 2020 25 Median Age at First Marriage Compa

36、red to 2009, the median age at first marriage in 2019 was higher for brides across all educational groups (Chart 3.3). For grooms, apart from those with secondary and below qualification, the median age at first marriage in 2019 was higher for other educational groups. Comparing across educational g

37、roups, grooms and brides with university qualifcations had the highest median age at first marriage at 30.9 years and 29.2 years respectively in 2019. Chart 3.3 Median Age at First Marriage of Grooms and Brides by Educational Qualification * Post-Secondary comprises Post-Secondary (Non-Tertiary) and

38、 Diploma & Professional Qualification. 31.4 28.9 30.1 30.2 29.4 30.9 Secondary & BelowPost-Secondary*University 20092019 Grooms 26.4 26.6 28.2 27.827.7 29.2 Secondary & BelowPost-Secondary*University Brides Years 26 Population Trends, 2020 Singapore Department of Statistics Marital Dissolutions Ther

39、e was a total of 7,623 marital dissolutions in 2019, an increase of 3.8 per cent from the previous year (Chart 3.4). Between 2015 and 2019, the annual average number of marital dissolutions was 7,536, higher as compared to 7,402 in the preceding five-year period. The general divorce rate declined fo

40、r both males and females over the past decade. There were 6.9 male divorcees for every thousand married males aged 20 years and over in 2019, down from 7.5 in 2009. For females, the rate was 6.5 female divorcees for every thousand married females aged 20 years and over in 2019, down from 7.1 in 2009

41、. Chart 3.4 Total Marital Dissolutions and General Divorce Rate (GDR) Note: Data on GDR include annulments. From 2004 onwards, data on GDR are based on divorces and annulments where either or both spouses are residents (i.e. Singapore citizens or permanent residents). 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1

42、980520002005201020152019 Divorces & Annulments (000) Per 1,000 Married Resident Males/Females Aged 20 Years & Over Female GDR Male GDR General Divorce Rate The rate is defined as the number of divorces and annulments granted to married persons aged 20 years and over during the year, out o

43、f every thousand married population in the same age group. Annulment This refers to the invalidation of a marriage. Parties whose marriages have been annulled are conferred the status of never having been married to each other. Singapore Department of Statistics Population Trends, 2020 27 Age-Specif

44、ic Divorce Rate Marital dissolutions continued to be more prevalent among the younger age groups (Chart 3.5). For the older age groups, divorce rates in 2019 were largely comparable to a decade ago. Chart 3.5 Age-Sex Specific Divorce Rate Marriage Duration of Divorcing Couples The median duration of

45、 marriage for divorces in 2019 was 10.4 years, slightly longer than the 10.1 years in 2009. Couples with marriage duration of 5 to 9 years continued to account for the largest share of all divorces, although its share fell from 31.8 per cent in 2009 to 29.0 per cent in 2019 (Chart 3.6). In contrast,

46、 the share of divorces with marriage duration of 20 years or longer increased over the same period. Chart 3.6 Divorces by Duration of Marriage 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-4950 & Over Females 2009 2018 2019 Per 1,000 Married Resident Females Age Group(Years) 0 5 10 15 20

47、 25 30 35 40 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-4950 & Over Males 2009 2018 2019 Per 1,000 Married Resident Males Age Group(Years) 17.6 31.8 19.4 12.2 7.9 5.4 5.8 19.0 29.0 18.2 11.2 8.9 6.1 7.7 Under 55-910-1415-1920-2425-2930 & Over 20092019 Per Cent Duration of Marriage (Years) Note: Data excludean

48、nulments. Age-Specific Divorce Rate It is defined as the number of divorces and annulments granted to a specific age group during the year, out of every thousand married population in the same age group. 28 Population Trends, 2020 Singapore Department of Statistics Chapter 4 Fertility Births and Fer

49、tility Rate There were 39,279 live-births in 2019, an increase of 0.6 per cent from the 39,039 live-births in 2018 (Chart 4.1). Similarly, the number of resident births (i.e. births with at least one parent who is a Singapore citizen or permanent resident) also rose by 0.8 per cent from 35,040 in 2018 to 35,330 in 2019. The yearly average number of resident births ove