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1、Report and analyses Commissioned from:CHART Management Consultants BACKGROUND TO 2020With the emergence of COVID-19 in 2020,the cruise industry took immediate and aggressive action to mitigate the risk of the virus.This culminated in a global pause in operations in mid-March.Since then,the industry
2、developed and implemented extensive public health protocols that allowed cruising to resume in Europe,parts of Asia,and the South Pacific.As a result of the extensive protocols that have been adopted by cruise lines since resumption began,the incidence rate of COVID-19 onboard cruise ships is far lo
3、wer than practically any other settinga remarkable achievement that continues to inspire cruise confidence.As we continue to work towards resuming operations around the world,and with the demand for cruise remaining high,we expect to see passenger numbers and their growth trajectory rebound to pre-p
4、andemic numbers in the coming years.People love to cruise,and we know that people will return to the seas,just as they will return to restaurants,bars,movie theatres,airplanes,resorts and beyond.THE 2020 REPORTThis report on cruise activity across the whole of Asia in 2020 naturally reflects the lim
5、ited cruise activity versus prior years.As before,it provides a comprehensive and accurate analysis of deployment,capacity and destination volumes for the calendar year for every ship that operated in or passed through Asia(whether or not such ships belonged to a CLIA member line).Trends over the pa
6、st three years are also reported.The vast expanse of the world for which cruise operations are analysed extend from India in the west to Japan and the Philippines in the east,from Russia in the north to Indonesia in the south,a total of 20 nations.(A map is presented in the Appendix).2020 Asia Cruis
7、e Deployment&Capacity Report2020 CAPACITY2020 CAPACITYShips:In 2020,34 ships were active inAsian waters with a variety of productofferings.Mid-sized ships accounted foralmost one third of the fleet with 12,while Large and Small each had 8 ships.There were no expedition ships operatingin Asia in 2020
8、.Segments:Cruise lines catered mainly tothe premium and contemporary segmentswith 12 such lines operating 18 ships inAsia.Another7upscalecruiselinesoperated 10 ships.There were four luxurylines(6 ships)and no expedition lines orvessels.Sailings:Within the Asian regions,279Asia-to-Asia itineraries to
9、ok place and asmaller volume of voyages(22)that calledat Asian ports at some point in theitinerary.In total,301 sailings occurred in2020.CruiseDuration:Shortcruisesstilldominate the itineraries in Asia.Cruises of2-3 nights accounted for the highest shareof all cruises,53 percent,followed by 4-6night
10、s representing 27 percent of allcruises.Cruise Ship Segments,2020Cruise Ship Segment#LinesPremium&Contemporary12Upscale7Luxury4Expedition0681280MegaLargeMid-sizeSmallExpeditionShips in Asia by Size,202022279301VoyagesAsia-AsiaTotalCruises Offered by Type,202053%28%4%1%1%5%1%7%Length of Cruises&Voyag
11、es Offered,20202-3 nights4-6 nights7 nights8-10 nights11-13 nights14 nights15-19 nights20+VoyagesThe allocation of ships and cruise itineraries resulted in 1,273 operating days in Asia for 2020 providing a total capacity for 655K passengers.2Capacity Summary,192018Ships347978Sailings3
12、011,9172,041Operating Days1,27310,24510,467Passenger Capacity(Millions)0.664.024.26Capacity:TrendsCapacity:TrendsThe effects of the pause due to the globalpandemic are clearly visible in the stark drop-off in number of sailings in 2020:from 1,917in 2019 down to only 301 in 2020.As cruising resumed i
13、n later parts of 2020,shorter itineraries dominated the volume with57%of cruises having a duration of 2-3 nights.Cruises of 4-6 nights represent about 27%ofthe volume in Asia shrinking from 38%in2019.93%of cruises in Asia were 7 nights or less in2020.For 2020,there were 1,273 operating days.Overall
14、passenger capacity for ships in the region in 2020 was 157,134Cruise Ships Deployed by Type,Asian RegionExpedition Small MidsizeLargeMegaTotal2043205020154 2065209792020089706 204
15、3 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020Activity in Asia,Total Cruises&Voyages46%44%40%34%31%32%36%57%31%29%34%49%52%47%38%30%1%3%1%7%4%5%5%5%4%6%7%3%3%4%5%1%3%4%3%2%2%3%3%1%6%5%4%3%3%3%5%5%2%2%2%1%1%1%2%1%7%6%8%0%2000192020Duration of Asia-Asia Cruises(nights)2 to 34 to 678 to 101
16、1 to 131415 to 1920+4,307 5,276 5,8498,17110,196 10,467 10,2451,273 1.511.812.173.084.244.264.020.660123451,0003,0005,0007,0009,00011,00013,0002000192020Capacity Growth 2013-2020Operating DaysPassenger Capacity(millions)3CRUISE DESTINATIONS:Port Calls and Passenger Destination
17、Days4567Note:Port calls for Japan prior to 2016 do not include thethree local cruise lines and are therefore under-stated.CAGR ChartsDue to the significant decrease in volume in 2020 as a result of the global pandemic,compound annual growth figures are not meaningful and so are omitted from this yea
18、rs report.891011Note:The majority of calls scheduled to ROK after March2017 did not take place due to the restrictions thereafteron visits by ships based in Mainland China.71819APPENDIX20APPENDIX:METHODOLOGYAPPENDIX:METHODOLOGY The forgoing report outlines capacity and destination trends
19、between 2014 and 2020,based on CHART Management Consultants analysis of detailed itinerary information obtained from the cruise lines that are operating in Asia.Key capacity metrics,like ship counts,cruises,operating days and passenger capacity,aggregated and analyzed.Additional destination metrics
20、such as port calls and passenger destination days describe the deployment trends.The study entails a comprehensive and detailed analysis of trends in ocean cruise capacity and destinations visited among 23 international and regional brands cruising in Asia in 2020.Consistent with past Asia reports,a
21、ll analyses and information exclude one-night cruises,river cruises,ferry or ocean cruise operators with ships under 100 passenger capacity.Contrary to previous Asia reports(that analysed planneditineraries),all data represented is based onitineraries actually operated with passengers on board throu
22、gh the year 2020.21Appendix Appendix-Port Calls by Port,2020Port Calls by Port,2020Top 45 PortsTop 45 PortsRanked by Total Calls Ranked by Total Calls 22RankDestinationPortTransitTurnaroundOvernightTotal1SingaporeSingapore386131022TaiwanKeelung/Taipei3701743ThailandBangkok(Laem Chabang&Klong Toey)21
23、115374IndiaMumbai5265365VietnamDa Nang/Hue/Chan May3104356TaiwanHualien3400347MalaysiaPort Klang/Kuala Lumpur2108298ThailandPatong Bay/Phuket15104299VietnamHo Chi Minh City/Phu My190102910JapanYokohama02622811ChinaBaoshan/Shanghai02612712Hong KongHong Kong31852613JapanNaha/Okinawa18082614MalaysiaGeo
24、rgetown/Penang23002315TaiwanKaoshung16422216TaiwanPenghu16001617ChinaShenzhen/Shekou01501518IndiaMormugao/Goa14011519MalaysiaLangkawi14001420JapanNagasaki11021321JapanFukuoka/Hakata13001322Sri LankaColombo8131223ThailandKoh Samui12001224TaiwanMatsu11001125ThailandKo Hong10001026ThailandPhang Nga Bay
25、10001027VietnamHalong Bay/Hanoi8021028IndonesiaBenoa/Bali324929JapanKobe360930JapanIshigaki900931PhilippinesManila612932TaiwanKinman Isls900933ThailandSimilian Is900934ThailandKo Rok Nok900935ChinaHainan/Sanya071836VietnamNha Trang800837CambodiaSihanoukville700738MalaysiaMalacca700739IndiaCochin5016
26、40TaiwanOther Taiwan600641ThailandKo Adang600642ChinaGuangzhou/Nansha230543ChinaTianjin/Xingang/Beijing050544IndiaDiu500545ThailandKo Butang5005APPENDIX APPENDIX-GLOSSARYGLOSSARYCruises:Encompass deployment within Asia only.Our definition of a Cruise is a one that both begins and ends in an Asian po
27、rt and includes only Asian ports in its itinerary.A Round-trip cruise returns to its port of embarkation while an Open-jaw cruise(fly-cruise)begins in one Asian port and finishes in another.East Asia:Geography that includes Mainland China,Hong Kong,Taiwan,South Korea,Japan and East Russia.(See Map,P
28、age 25)Ocean cruise:A cruise itinerary that sails to destinations via the ocean;itineraries last 2 or more nights.Operating Days:Days spent cruising(on both voyages and cruises)in Asian waters.Overnight Port Call:An overnight call occurs when the vessel departs at least one day after arriving in por
29、t.Overnight calls may be added to a transit call or added to a turnaround call.For example,a vessel arriving in Bangkok on 21 May and departing on 23 May is counted as making one transit call(21/5)and two overnight calls(21 and 22/5).A vessel arriving in Hong Kong on 21 May and departing with a diff
30、erent cruise number on 22 May is considered to have had one turnaround and one overnight call.Note that,in our treatment,an overnight does not exist independently of one or the other calls.Passenger Capacity:The number of lower berths multiplied by the number of cruises for each vessel.Example:Voyag
31、er of the Seas 3,114 lower berths on the 62 cruises it operated in 2018 resulted in passenger capacity of 193,068Passenger Destination Days(PDD):A measure of potential visits from cruise passengers when a ship calls at a destination.It assumes 100%lower berth occupancy and that all passengers have t
32、he opportunity to go ashore.Example:A ship of 1,000 capacity calling at a destination for one day creates a potential of 1,000 PDD.So,if that ship visits 3 ports on one cruise,it generates 3,000 PDD.Port Calls:Until this year(2020)Asia Cruise Trends studies consistently reported on PLANNED deploymen
33、t at the beginning of each year,the source being the detailed day-by-day itineraries prepared by all cruise operators for each of their cruise ships in Asia.Occasionally operators make adjustments to their itineraries as the year progresses.In such cases their actual calls differ from planned call v
34、olumes in certain destinations.The difference in industry-wide figures is usually small.But in 2017 the restriction on cruises from Mainland China to Korea after March required many changes in East Asia(dramatically reducing port calls to Korea and boosting those to Japan).For this year,all the anal
35、yses are based on ACTUAL itineraries operated in Asia with passengers on board(again as advised confidentially to CHART Management Consultants by every cruise line).23APPENDIX APPENDIX-GLOSSARYGLOSSARYProduct Segments:Contemporary&Premium:Mostly large ships that offer predominantly short 3,4,5-night
36、 cruises as well as some 7-night and longerUpscale:Distinguished by more spacious,refined on-board accommodation,superior dining,a more discrete service and higher prices.Luxury:The Luxury lines are another step above the Upscale in on-board comforts,product inclusions and price-point.Their ships ty
37、pically carry few passengers and have very high staff-to-guest ratios.They also typically operate longer cruises such as 12 nights.Expedition:Very small ships(100 to 300 passengers)offering immersion in remote destinations,usually with a high standard of service and accommodation.Ship size categorie
38、s:Since the 2013 Asia Cruise White Paper,CHART has been defining ships by size as follows:Mega Ships:Lower berth capacity of 3,500 or more-OR GRT over 150,000Large Ships:Lower berth capacity of 2,000 to 3,500-AND GRT over 75,000Midsize Ships:Lower berth capacity of 750 to 2,000 passengersSmall Ships
39、:Lower berth capacity under 750 passengersExpedition Ships:Lower berth capacity typically 100 to 300 passengersSouth Asia:Geography that includes India,Myanmar/Burma,Bangladesh,Sri Lanka,and the Maldives.(See Map,Page 25)Southeast Asia:Geography that includes Singapore,Malaysia,Indonesia,Brunei,Phil
40、ippines,Thailand,Cambodia,Vietnam,and Timor-Leste.(See Map,Page 25)Transit Port Call:A transit call applies to all ships that have the arrival and departure scheduled on the same day.The same passenger load arrives and departs on a transit call.Turnaround Port Call:A turnaround call occurs when the
41、vessel arrives under one cruise number and departs with a different cruise number.This would generally involve all passengers on board disembarking and a new passenger load embarking.Turnarounds mark the end of one cruise and the start of the next.Passengers typically do not have the opportunity to
42、sight-see or shop,take shore excursions or tour on a turnaround unless they opt to arrive in the port city early or stay over for an additional night or nights.The ship usually takes on fuel,fresh water,provisions,etc.Passengers and their baggage have to be disembarked and go through customs and imm
43、igration procedures,take transfers to the airport(or hotels).The new passenger complement has to be embarked.Note that in Asia some ships are taking passengers on board in consecutive ports on the one cruise e.g.Shenzhen and Hong Kong.In this case the first port is counted as turnaround,the second a
44、s transit.Voyages:Itineraries that include ports of call outsidethe regions of Asia.Voyages are typically longer than cruises.Voyages often involve the seasonal positioning of a vessel from Europe,America or Australia to an Asian port from where it will offer aseries of cruises(or from Asia back to
45、one of those cruising areas).Other voyages include vessels on round world or other long trips,calling at Asian ports as part of the journey.*2425EAST ASIAEast RussiaJapanSouth KoreaMainland China Taiwan Hong Kong SARMacau RegionSOUTHEAST ASIAPhilippinesVietnamCambodiaThailandMalaysiaSingapore Indone
46、siaBruneiTimor-LesteSOUTH ASIAMyanmar/Burma IndiaSri LankaBangladeshMaldivesCruise Destination Countries&SARs by Region(Following geography)26Commissioned by:CLIACruise Lines International Association(CLIA)is the worlds largest cruise industry trade association,providing a unified voice and leading
47、authority of the global cruise community.CLIA supports policies andpractices that foster a safe,secure,healthy and sustainable cruise ship environment and is dedicated topromoting the cruise travel experience.Economic,environmental and cultural sustainability is of theutmost importance to the cruise
48、 industry.We support local economies not just by bringing guests and crewto their shores but by using local services and goods on our ships.We sustain+1.1M jobs and US$134B ineconomic impact worldwide.Every day,the global cruise industry is hard at work protecting theenvironment and strengthening lo
49、cal destinations through bold leadership,innovative stewardship,andstrongstrategicpartnerships.For moreinformationabout CLIA and the Cruise Industry,visit www.cliaasia.orgResearch and Analysisby:CHART Management ConsultantsCHART assists senior management to understand complex issues,to develop strat
50、egic solutions to problemsand to devise innovative approaches to capitalizing on the growth of the cruise industry.The firm bringsunique experience,analytical rigor,strong communication and implementation skills and exceptional clientservice to every project.In recent years the firms focus is mostly
51、 to Asia and the Pacific.The firm created the highly successfulstrategy for Papua New Guinea,the National Cruise Tourism Strategy for the Philippines,the Pacific CruiseMarket Research and Intelligence project and a Development Strategy for SPTO.CHARTs recent analysesand strategic advice for cruise p
52、rojects in Asia include:a new port development in China;financingnewbuilds for Asia;private investment in a new Asian cruise operation;operational and market assessmentfor a new cruise port developmentin Vietnam;investmentin the Asian river cruise industry.The firm designed and delivered the 2013 Asia Cruise Association White Paper as well as all Asia CruiseTrends reports and the subsequentAsia Cruise Deployment&CapacityReportspublished by CLIA.For moreinformation:www.CHARTReleased July 2021