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1、Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement from 202210 key resultsDisclaimerThis document has been prepared under the WTO Secretariats own responsibility and without prejudice to the position of WTO members and to their rights and obligations under the WTO.The designations employed in this publication an
2、d the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the WTO concerning the legal status of any country,area or territory or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.Technical Barriers to Trade AgreementThe Technical Ba
3、rriers to Trade Agreement aims to ensure that regulations,standards,testing and certification procedures followed by WTO members do not create unnecessary obstacles to trade.Annual Review of TBT AgreementThe WTO Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade collects data on an annual basis on the impleme
4、ntation of the TBT Agreement.The information in this brochure is based on the 2022 review.About the WTOThe World Trade Organization is the international body dealing with the global rules of trade between nations.Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly,predictably and freely as p
5、ossible,with a level playing field for all its members.WTO members submitted over 3,800 notifications about product standards and regulations in 2022.Notifications from least-developed countries represented 31%of the total.About half of the WTO membership regularly provides notifications.Notificatio
6、ns in 2022 provided,on average,58 days for members to comment.Protection of the environment was the objective of at least 18%of all notified regulations in 2022.More than 19,000 users have registered on ePing,the WTOs main tool for TBT notifications and trade concerns.The number of trade concerns ra
7、ised by WTO members at the TBT Committee in 2022 decreased by 6%.In 2022,53 new trade concerns were discussed by the TBT Committee.On average,each new trade concern covers imports with a value of USD 29 billion in the year it is first raised.In-person TBT technical assistance resumed following the e
8、asing of COVID-19 restrictions.Contents31TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE AGREEMENT 10 KEY RESULTS FROM 2022456789101112WTO members submitted 3,896 notifications about product standards and regulations to the Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee in 2022.Notifications are a form of advance notice,pro
9、viding an opportunity for WTO members to comment on the draft measures before they enter into force.Typically,they are about health or safety requirements,or measures taken to protect the environment.More than 3,000 notifications have been submitted annually to the TBT Committee for the past three y
10、ears,illustrating WTO members commitment to increasing transparency about measures affecting traded products.Number of TBT notifications per year202120223,3543TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE AGREEMENT 10 KEY RESULTS FROM 20223,9663,8962020The share of notifications from least-developed countries continu
11、es to increase,representing 31%of submitted notifications in 2022.This trend was spearheaded by Uganda,Rwanda,Tanzania and Burundi.Number of notifications per year,by development status520886318971,8691,9773,3544WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION3,896202231%52%17%Least-developed countrie
12、sDeveloping/emerging economiesDeveloped economiesNumber of members submitting notifications per year5TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE AGREEMENT 10 KEY RESULTS FROM 2022About half of the WTO membership regularly notifies the WTO about new regulations or changes to old ones.A total of 64 developing and lea
13、st-developed country members submitted notifications in 2022.Number of members notifyingNumber of members not notifyingNumber of members submitting notifications in 2022,by development status5200228693838088808226476673 748255developing members20developed members9least-develope
14、d country members846WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONTime-period for members to comment on notificationsNotifications submitted to the WTO in 2022 provided,on average,58 days for members to comment,a slight increase from previous years.This period is an important opportunity for members to exchange views on
15、regulations in the pipeline,allowing them to seek clarification on issues that may result from the proposed regulation.49740227203373830545Average commenting period provided58daysDeadline for commentsNotified draft regulati
16、on7TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE AGREEMENT 10 KEY RESULTS FROM 2022Protection of the environment was the objective of at least 18%of all notified regulations in 2022.Plastic pollution and climate change are issues attracting growing interest in the TBT Committee,with notifications related to both topi
17、cs having increased markedly since 1995.A total of 239 measures related to climate change and 152 related to plastics were notified in 2022.52002254408354.3%10%63.7%Types of notifications in 2022Measures related to climate changeMeasures related to plastic
18、sOther environment-related notificationsNotifications related to plastics and climate change631 TBT notifications have an environmental objective.8WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONThe new ePing platform,the WTOs main tool for TBT and SPS notifications and specific trade concerns,was launched in July 2022.By
19、the end of 2022,more than 19,000 users had registered on ePing.47%Public40%Private5%Mixed8%Other71%of users signed up to receive email alertsShare of total notificationssubmitted through ePing2021202288%99.5%Users by sector9TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE AGREEMENT 10 KEY RESULTS FROM 2022The number of
20、trade concerns raised by WTO members at the TBT Committee decreased by 6%in 2022 but grew,on average,by 24.5%per year since 1995.Discussions of these concerns before a measure enters into force often helps members to prevent them escalating into a formal dispute.Concerns raised in response to notifi
21、cations range from simple requests for clarification to specific concerns about potential inconsistencies with the TBT Agreement.Specific trade concerns(STCs)raised and notifications submitted per year4,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005000520102015Number of notificationsNumber of STCs300
22、250200 150 1005002020Number of STCs related to notifications10WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONIn 2022,53 new trade concerns were discussed by the TBT Committee,38 of which were raised by developing members.While no least-developed country raised a new trade concern in 2022,developing members have become mor
23、e active in raising new concerns over the past few years.Number of new specific trade concerns raised per year200212022Developing membersDeveloping and developed membersDeveloped members3382,41911TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE AGREEMENT 10 KEY RESULTS FROM 2022A TBT Sym
24、posium on Easing Regulatory Bottlenecks,organized by the WTO Secretariat,presented new data on the import value of trade concerns.On average,each new trade concern covers imports with a value of USD 29 billion in the year it is first raised.New and previously raised trade concerns from 2002 to 2020
25、covered,on average,imports with an annual value of USD 2,419 billion equivalent to 16.7%of the average value of global merchandise imports.New and previously raised trade concernsAverage value of global merchandise importsAverage annual import value of STCs2,419(USD billion)2020200216.7%trade concer
26、ns12WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONIn-person TBT technical assistance resumed in 2022,following the easing of COVID-19 restrictions.Courses related to transparency and ePing were particularly popular.TBT regional for the Middle East and Arab Countries(in person,Kuwait)TBT national(virtual)TBT national(in p
27、erson)TBT regional for Central Eastern European,Central Asian and Caucasus Members and Observers of the WTO(CEECAC)(in person,Austria)Member took part in more than 1 training activityMember took part in more than 1 training activityTBT Transparency Champions Programme(in person and virtual)TBT techn
28、ical assistance training(in 2022)World Trade OrganizationRue de Lausanne 154CH-1211 Geneva 2Switzerland Tel:+41(0)22 739 51 11Email:publicationswto.orgwww.wto.org WTO Online Bookshophttp:/onlinebookshop.wto.org World Trade Organization 2023 Report designed by nim design.Printed by the World Trade Or
29、ganization.Further informationFurther information about the implementation of the TBT Agreement is available in the 2022 Annual Review(G/TBT/50).“Technical Barriers to Trade”a publication in the WTO Agreements Series provides an overview of the purpose and scope of the TBT Agreement,the types of measures it covers,and the key principles of the Agreement.It can be downloaded from the WTO website.The WTO Agreements Series Technical Barriers to TradeThe WTO Agreements SeriesTechnical Barriers to TradeThird EditionTrade and Environment Division