《牛津经济研究院:2023《白莲花度假村》第二季在意大利的经济影响分析报告(英文版)(24页).pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《牛津经济研究院:2023《白莲花度假村》第二季在意大利的经济影响分析报告(英文版)(24页).pdf(24页珍藏版)》请在三个皮匠报告上搜索。
1、ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF THE WHITE LOTUSSEASON TWO IN ITALYA REPORT FOR THE MOTIONPICTURE ASSOCIATIONJULY 2023Photo Credit:2022 Courtesy of HBO.All Rights Reserved.1Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in ItalyTABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive summary 31.Introduction 52.Production spending 72.1Busines
2、s spending 83.Economic impacts 113.1Channels of impact 113.2Total impact 123.3Direct impact 143.4Indirect impact 143.5Induced impact 154.Wider impacts 17Appendix:Methodology 19Cover Photo Credit:2022 Fabio Lovino/HBO.All Rights Reserved.Photo Credit:2022 Fabio Lovino/HBO.All Rights Reserved.3Economi
3、c impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in Italy1,900Full-time and part-time jobs supported across Italy as a result of Season Two of“The White Lotus”38mTotal contribution to Italys GDP supported by Season Two of“The White Lotus”“The White Lotus”is a TV series produced by HBO that follows a group of
4、 guests on vacation at a luxurious resort and chronicles their interactions and experiences with each other as well as the hotel staff.Season Two of“The White Lotus”was set in Sicily,Italy,where the show was also filmed.The filming and production of the show generated considerable economic activity
5、across not only Sicily,but all of Italy.The shows production also supported activity in a wide range of industries through its procurement,and as those employed by the production and those employed by its supply chain spent money in the wider economy.This study,commissioned by the Motion Picture Ass
6、ociation(MPA),focuses on the second season of the show,and analyses the productions total economic impacts in Italy in 2022,when the second season was filmed.The study also considers the wider impact on boosting the Italian economy.Similar production budgets and spending patterns across Italy are li
7、kely to produce similar economic impact results as those presented in this study.In 2022,production of Season Two of“The White Lotus”resulted in total spending in Italy of approximately 32 million.Spending on local suppliers of goods and services was the main expenditure item,making up 75%of the tot
8、al expenditure at over 24 million.The remaining 25%of spending was on wages and salaries for local production crew and other labor at closer to 8 million.Oxford Economics calculates that expenditure by the production of Season Two of“The White Lotus”stimulated over 38 million in contribution to Ital
9、ys GDP in 2022.We find that for every 1 million that the productions own activities contributed to the economy,its expenditure supported a further 3.8 million along its supply chain and through the payment of wages.We find that the expenditure undertaken by the shows production stimulated a total of
10、 1,900 full-time and part-time jobs across Italy in 2022.For every 100 people the production directly employed,its expenditure stimulated another 27 jobs across the country.In addition to the economic impacts directly linked with the shows production,the local tourism industry also experienced burge
11、oning demand in the aftermath of the filming and production of the show.Searches for Sicily doubled in the U.S.during the initial airing of the TV series and the main luxury resort where the series is based is reported to be completely sold out for the Spring 2023 season.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY25%spent on
12、 wages and salaries75%spent on local goods&servicesDIRECT IMPACT OF PRODUCTION32mspent across ItalyTOTAL IMPACT OF PRODUCTION38mtotalcontributionto ItalysGDP1,900full-time and part-time jobsstimulated in Italy700localbusinessessupported1,500full-time and part-time jobs createdTHE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF
13、THE WHITE LOTUS SEASON TWOPhoto Credit:2022 Fabio Lovino/HBO.All Rights Reserved.5Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in Italy1.INTRODUCTION“The White Lotus”is a TV series produced by HBO that follows a group of guests on vacation.Season Two of“The White Lotus”follows a similar premise to
14、 Season One in which a group of guests visits a luxurious resort.Both seasons of the show serve as social commentary,providing the audience with an engaging storyline filled with drama,mystery,and comedy.While the first season illuminates the pervasive effects of social hierarchies and class differe
15、nces,the second season pivots to focus on relationships.Filmed during 2022,the second season premiered in October 2022.Oxford Economics was engaged by the Motion Picture Association to conduct an independent economic impact assessment of the production of the most recent season of the show,Season Tw
16、o,on Italys economy during the year of filming in 2022.For the study,Oxford Economics used data from HBO to estimate the economic impacts arising from the production of this season.Similar production budgets and spending patterns across Italy are likely to produce similar economic impact results as
17、those presented in this study.Photo Credit:2022 Fabio Lovino/HBO.All Rights Reserved.7Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in Italy2.PRODUCTION SPENDINGWhen a TV show shoots on location,it brings with it jobs,revenue,and related infrastructure development.Physical productions provide an im
18、mediate boost to the local economy,fostering job creation and innovation in other industries across the production supply chain.In 2022,production of Season Two of“The White Lotus”resulted in total spending in Italy of approximately 32 million.Spending with local vendors on goods and services was th
19、e main expenditure item,making up 75%of the total expenditure at 24 million(see Fig.1).The remaining 25%measured at 8 million and was spent on wages and salaries for local production crew and other labor.32mDirect production expenditure in ItalySpending with local vendors on goods and services was 2
20、4 million while spending on production crew and qualifying labour was 8 million.Fig.1:Production spend of Season Two of“The White Lotus”in Italy,by typeSource:HBO,Oxford Economics millions35030520102515Total spend32 million,100%Businesses24 million,75%Payroll8 million,25%8Economic impacts of The Whi
21、te Lotus Season Two in Italy2.1BUSINESS SPENDINGSeason Two production spending engaged over 700 businesses all over Italy.The regions that received the largest amounts in business spending were Sicily and Lazio(the city of Rome,specifically),with a combined spending of over 85%of all business spendi
22、ng.The distribution of spending across the country is shown in Fig.2 below.Fig.2:Map of spending with locally based businesses by regionSource:HBO,Oxford EconomicsVendor spend by Italy regions (000s)01,0001,0008,0008,000+VenetoMoliseCalabriaBasilicataAbruzzoApuliaUmbriaPiemonteLiguriaFrui
23、li-Venezia GuiliaEmilia-RomagnaSardegnaLombardiaToscanaLazioSicilyCampaniaMarcheTrentino-Alto AdigeValle dAosta9Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in ItalyThe production of TV shows typically relies on a wide range of goods and services,engaging multiple local businesses across numerous
24、industries(see Fig.3).The largest category of spending(at close to 60%)was with businesses that make up the accommodation and food services industry.The majority of spending that occurred within this sector was spent at hotels and resorts,and in providing other forms of short-term housing for cast a
25、nd crew members.The next largest category of spending,at approximately 5 million euros,was spent towards various business services.The production of“The White Lotus”specifically engaged vendors within the rental and leasing industries(including spending at companies that provide car rentals and stud
26、io equipment rentals)and local businesses Source:HBO,Oxford EconomicsFig.3:Spend on goods and services in Italy,by industryAccommodation and food servicesOther business sector servicesPublishing,audiovisual and broadcasting activitiesTransportation and storageHuman health and social workOther millio
27、ns5959+2121+1010+44+33+33+A+ATotal:24.2 million14.35.02.50.90.80.7providing services such as private security and travel arrangements.Other Italian businesses that were engaged during the production of Season Two include those making up the motion picture industry(by providing TV or film production
28、related services),the healthcare industry(by providing COVID-19 testing),and the transportation sector.Photo Credit:2022 Courtesy of HBO.All Rights Reserved.11Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in Italy3.ECONOMIC IMPACTS3.1CHANNELS OF IMPACTThe impact of the filming of Season Two of“The
29、White Lotus”on Italys economy is calculated using an economic impact assessment.This involves quantifying the productions economic contribution on a national level across three channels of expenditure,where the total impact is the sum of the three channels.TOTALIMPACTINDUCEDIMPACTEmployees(including
30、 of the suppliers)spend their wages in the wider economy,generating more GDP,jobs and tax revenues.Added together,these three efectsdirect,indirect,inducedcomprise the total economic impact of the company or sector.INDIRECTIMPACTIt also spends money with suppliers who employ staf,generate GDP and pa
31、y taxes.They use other suppliers in turn.DIRECTIMPACTA company employs staf and generates GDP and tax for the authorities.Source:Oxford Economics12Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in Italy1 While production spending with Italy-based vendors totals approximately 24 million,these local v
32、endors may spend some part of this with companies outside of Italy,resulting in an estimated impact of 20.7 million.3.2TOTAL IMPACTCombining all channels of impact,we find that Season Two of“The White Lotus”supported over 38 million towards Italys GDP in 2022.Approximately 7.9 million,or 21%,of this
33、 was generated by the production itself(direct).The local spending on goods and services supported another 20.7 million along the supply chain(indirect),which represented 54%of the total.1 The payment of wages by the production studios and local vendors in the shows supply chain(induced)stimulated a
34、 9.5 million contribution to GDP,or 25%(Fig.4).38mTotal contribution to Italys GDP supported by Season Two of“The White Lotus”Source:Oxford EconomicsFig.4:The total GDP and employment contribution supported by Season Two of“The White Lotus”in Italy by channel of impactDirectIndirectInduced millions5
35、0040103020Contribution to GDP38.19.520.77.9Employment2,00005001,5001,000Jobs supported1,9001003001,50013Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in ItalyFor Season Two of“The White Lotus,”for every 1 million in direct GDP generated by the productions own activities,its expenditure supported a
36、further 3.8 million across Italy.2The production of the show also had a significant impact on employment in the country.In 2022,Season Two of“The White Lotus”supported over 1,900 full-time and part-time workers across the country.The TV series production itself employed an estimated 1,500 full-time
37、and part-time workers,or 79%of the total.The local spending on goods and services supported another 300 jobs along the national supply chain or 16%of the total.A further 100 jobs,or 5%2 This GDP multiplier effect is calculated by dividing the total impact(38.1 million)by the direct impact (7.9 milli
38、on)and subtracting 1.3 This employment multiplier effect is calculated by dividing the total employment impact(1,900)by the direct employment impact(1,500)and subtracting 1.of the total,were supported by the spending of wages across the country by production crews and by employees of the shows suppl
39、iers.In 2022,for every 100 people the production directly employed,a further 27 jobs were supported across the country through secondary effects.3According to HBO,Season Two of“The White Lotus”is estimated to have benefitted from 15 million in tax incentives.These incentives are estimated to have pr
40、oduced 2.5 in GDP for every Euro of tax incentive received by the production.1,900Full-time and part-time jobs supported across Italy as a result of Season Two of“The White Lotus”14Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in ItalyThe remainder of this section describes the three channels of im
41、pact in more detail.3.3DIRECT IMPACTDuring the production period,Season Two of“The White Lotus”directly employed an estimated 1,500 full-time and part-time workers across Italy.We estimate that the production of“The White Lotus”made a 7.9 million direct contribution to the countrys GDP in 2022,which
42、 4 The contribution to GDP generated by a company or a project can be calculated as the sum of its surplus(profits)and employee compensation.This approach,known as the income approach,is consistent with the principles of national accounting.For the purposes of this study,we take a conservative appro
43、ach to this calculation and focus on the employee compensation of local workers,excluding the profits associated with the production in our calculation of direct contribution to Italys GDP.came from the payment of employee compensation to locally based staff.43.4INDIRECT IMPACTThe productions positi
44、ve contribution to Italys economy,however,extends past the contribution it makes directly through its own operations.This is related to the purchases of goods and services made from other firms in order to produce the show.This spending stimulates additional economic activity along the supply chain.
45、This is referred to as the indirect impact.Oxford Economics calculated that the procurement associated with“The White Lotus”Season Two stimulated a 20.7 million contribution to the countrys GDP along the domestic supply chain.Almost 37%of this indirect impact was in accommodation and food services,w
46、here the shows supply chain stimulated a GDP contribution of 7.6 million(Fig.5).Approximately Fig.5:GDP contribution stimulated by the procurement of goods and services from local suppliers,by industrySource:Oxford EconomicsOtherAccommodation and food servicesOther business sector servicesWholesale
47、and retail trade;repair of motor vehiclesReal estate activitiesPublishing,audiovisual and broadcasting activities millions7.64.41.41.11.15.1041082615Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in Italy21%of the indirect impact went towards other business sector services,which includes rental and
48、leasing.The shows expenditure on inputs of goods and services from locally based suppliers also stimulated 300 full-time and part-time jobs across Italy.3.5INDUCED IMPACTDuring the production period,local labor was paid 7.9 million in gross wages and salaries.In addition to this,We estimate the wage
49、-financed spending of local production crews and workers at locally based suppliers stimulated 9.5 million toward Italys GDP during the production period(Fig.6).We estimate the wage financed consumer spending of production crews and workers within the shows supply chain supported 100 full-time and p
50、art-time jobs across Italy in 2022.Fig.6:GDP contribution stimulated by the payment of wages to locally based workers,by industrySource:Oxford EconomicsOtherReal estate activitiesWholesale and retail trade;repair of motor vehiclesHuman health and social workOther business sector servicesFinancial an
51、d insurance activities millions2.41.11.00.70.63.602413the people whose jobs are stimulated by local spending on goods and services are also paid additional wages and salaries.Production crews,and workers employed throughout the supply chain,spend a proportion of their wages at retail,leisure,and oth
52、er outlets across the country.This stimulates economic activity and employment at these firms,but also along their supply chains.This is referred to as the shows induced impact.Photo Credit:2022 Fabio Lovino/HBO.All Rights Reserved.17Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in Italy4.WIDER IMP
53、ACTSBoth seasons of“The White Lotus”were set at luxurious resorts against picturesque backdrops with the second season taking place in Sicily.While the show was set in Sicily,filming occurred all over Italy,bringing considerable benefits nationwide outside of the those outlined in this report.In add
54、ition to the economic impacts that arise through production spending,television series such as“The White Lotus”can produce impacts that extend beyond the jobs and GDP they support.Film induced tourism is a well-known phenomenon that often follows successful TV series and film productions,driving fan
55、s to visit the popular sites and locations referenced throughout the show or movie.The drama and misadventures of Season Twos cast took 5 https:/ https:/ https:/ https:/ in and around popular tourist destinations in Sicily,including Taormina,Noto,and Palermo.As the show featured the beauty of Southe
56、rn Italy,it piqued the interest of more than just the most wanderlust fans.Google Trends data reveals that searches for Sicily doubled in the U.S.during the months in which the TV series initially aired on HBO.5 Additionally,the resort at which the guests of the show stayed at,San Domenico Palace in
57、 Taormina,boasted the luxury of staying at the Four Seasons hotel chain.The hotel has been reported to be completely sold out for the Spring 2023 season with rooms reaching the highest price point in the history of the resort.6 Moreover,demand for other hotels in the area is skyrocketing7 as travel
58、agents and hotel managers confirm the burgeoning demand brought on by the airing of the show.8 Similar impacts to the local tourism industry would be expected as another successful season of the show is released.As tourists and fans of popular TV shows visit production sites and filming locations,th
59、ey drive considerable economic benefits to not only hotels and resorts,but also provide additional business to numerous other local vendors benefiting from the rise in traffic.While this study seeks to quantify the economic impact of the second season of“The White Lotus”across Italy,the show brings
60、many additional benefits resulting in a much higher broader impact.Photo Credit:2022 Courtesy of HBO.All Rights Reserved.19Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in ItalyThe impact of the filming of Season Two of“The White Lotus”on Italys economy is calculated using an economic impact assess
61、ment.This involves quantifying the productions economic contribution to the country across three channels of expenditure.The channels of impact are:Direct impact relates to the employment and economic activity generated at the filming locations across Italy.Indirect impact captures the economic acti
62、vity stimulated by the procurement of inputs of goods and services from the locally based supply chain.Induced impact comprises the wider economic benefits that arise from the payment of wages by the television series,and the firms in its local supply chains,to staff who spend a proportion of this i
63、ncome in local retail,leisure,and other outlets.The total impact is the sum of the three channels.This enables us to build a picture of the series overall contribution to the country across two key metrics:The gross value-added contribution to Italys GDP.9 Employment,measured on a headcount basis.Th
64、e results are presented on a gross basis,ignoring any displacement of activity from other firms or activities.Additionally,the results do not consider what the resources currently used by the shows production,or stimulated by its expenditure,could alternatively produce in their second most productiv
65、e usage.Data on the direct impact of“The White Lotus”Season Twoincluding the shows contribution to GDP and jobs createdwere provided directly by HBO.Direct GDP contribution in the country is taken to be equal to local employee compensation.To estimate the indirect and induced GDP impacts of the show
66、,we used Oxford Economics proprietary input-output model,constructed using a variety of sources including OECD input-output tables,national account data,and local employment statistics.A basic domestic IO table gives a snapshot of an economy at a given point in time.The model shows the major spendin
67、g flows from“final demand”(i.e.,consumer spending,government spending,investment,and exports to the rest of the world);intermediate spending patterns(i.e.,what each sector buys from every other sectorthe supply chain in other words);how much of that spending stays within the national economy;and the
68、 distribution of income between employment income and other income(mainly profits).In essence,an IO table shows who buys what from whom in the economy.To estimate the indirect impact,we used vendor-level information on the amount spent and type of goods and services purchased from businesses based i
69、n the country over the course of the shows production.To calculate the induced impact,we took the wages paid to workers,as provided by HBO,and then allocated those to the sectors where they would have spent those wages in line with the proportions in the national IO table.We then used those figures
70、to show how many Euros of GDP the shows production supported in the national economy for every 1 of direct GDP contribution,and how many jobs were stimulated across the country for each 100 people directly employed by the production.9 Where GDP is the main indicator of economic activity in Italy.It
71、is used to measure the rate of growth or decline of the economy,and when it enters a recession.APPENDIX:METHODOLOGY20Economic impacts of The White Lotus Season Two in ItalyOxford Economics was founded in 1981 as a commercial venture with Oxford Universitys business college to provide economic foreca
72、sting and modelling toUK companies and financial institutions expanding abroad.Since then,we have become one of the worlds foremost independent global advisory firms,providing reports,forecasts and analytical tools on more than 200 countries,250industrial sectors,and 7,000 cities and regions.Our bes
73、t-in-class global economic and industry models and analytical tools give us an unparalleled ability to forecast external market trends andassess their economic,social and business impact.Headquartered in Oxford,England,with regional centres in New York,London,Frankfurt,and Singapore,OxfordEconomics
74、has offices across the globe in Belfast,Boston,Cape Town,Chicago,Dubai,Dublin,Hong Kong,Los Angeles,Melbourne,Mexico City,Milan,Paris,Philadelphia,Stockholm,Sydney,Tokyo,and Toronto.We employ 450 full-time staff,including more than 300professional economists,industry experts and business editorsone
75、of the largest teams of macroeconomists and thought leadership specialists.Our global team is highly skilled in a full range of research techniques and thought leadership capabilities,from econometric modelling,scenario framing,and economic impact analysis to market surveys,case studies,expert panel
76、s,and web analytics.Oxford Economics is a key adviser to corporate,financial and government decision-makers and thought leaders.Our worldwide client base now comprises over 2,000 international organizations,including leading multinational companies and financial institutions;key government bodies an
77、d trade associations;and top universities,consultancies,and think tanks.July 2023All data shown in tables and charts are Oxford Economics own data,except where otherwise stated and cited in footnotes,and are copyright Oxford Economics Ltd.The modelling and results presented here are based on informa
78、tion provided by third parties,upon which Oxford Economics has relied in producing its report and forecasts in good faith.Any subsequent revision or update of those data will affect the assessments and projections shown.To discuss the report further please contact:Arushi Pasricha Oxford Economics 5
79、Hanover Sq 8th Floor New York,NY 10004Tel:+1 646-786-1879ABOUT OXFORD ECONOMICSPhoto Credit:2022 Fabio Lovino/HBO.All Rights Reserved.Global headquartersOxford Economics Ltd Abbey House 121 St Aldates Oxford,OX1 1HBUKTel:+44(0)1865 268900London4 MillbankLondon,SW1P 3JAUKTel:+44(0)203 910 8000Frankfu
80、rtMarienstr.1560329 Frankfurt am MainGermanyTel:+49 69 96 758 658New York5 Hanover Square,8th Floor New York,NY 10004USATel:+1(646)786 1879Singapore6 Battery Road#38-05Singapore 049909Tel:+65 6850 0110Europe,Middle East and Africa OxfordLondonBelfastDublinFrankfurtParisMilanStockholmCape TownDubaiAmericasNew YorkPhiladelphiaBostonChicagoLos Angeles TorontoMexico CityAsia PacificSingaporeHong KongTokyoSydneyEmail:Website:Further contact details: