1、Global EconomicImpact of ExhibitionsProduced by20222022UFI Research:An OverviewGlobal Barometer Bi-annual report on industry developments.World Map of Venues Global report on venue capacity developments.Economic Impact Study Report on the value of exhibitions globally and regionally.United Nations S

2、ustainable Development Goals Report on the economic,social&environmental impacts of a number of exhibition industry projects.Status of Sustainability Report on the status of sustainability in the exhibition industry,including results from surveys conducted by UFI research partner Explori.COVID Relat

3、ed Research Data,reports,and standards covering the exhibitions industry.Global Visitor and Exhibitor Insights Data driven research reports on visitor feedback and exhibitor expectations.Best Practices Compendiums Case studies of successful industry developments.Special Industry Topics A wide rangin

4、g selection of bespoke reports into specific industry topics.Euro Fair Statistics Annual list of certified data for Europe by country.The Trade Fair Industry in Asia Annual analysis of market developments for Asia/Pacific by country.The Exhibition Industry in Latin America The first comprehensive ov

5、erview by UFI of the exhibition industry Latin America.The Exhibition Industry in MEA Overview of the exhibition market in the MEA region.GlobalReportsRegionalReportsTopicalReportsFocused reports on challenges and developments within the exhibition industry.Regular market overviews on UFIs chapter r

6、egions.Analysing the global exhibition industry with global comparisons.UFI Research Patron:Freeman is the worlds leading brand experience company.They help their clients design,plan,and deliver immersive experiences for their most important audiences.Through comprehensive solutions including strate

7、gy,creative,logistics,digital solutions,and event technology,Freeman helps increase engagement and drive business results.What makes them different is their collaborative culture,intuitive knowledge,global perspective,and personalized approach.UFI Research is available at www.ufi.org/research3Execut

8、ive SummaryExhibitions Volume and Direct SpendingEconomic Impact of ExhibitionsMethodsCountry profilesUnited Kingdom(December 2019)Spain(June 2020)Thailand(June 2022)1 12 23 34 45 5TABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive Summary15This document presents key elements of the research and findings.It is organized in

9、 four sections:1.Exhibition industry metrics and direct spending 2.Economic impact analysis3.Methods4.Industry comparisonsIndividual country profile reports can be produced for UFI Member Associations and will be added as appendices to the global study.For more information,please contact Christian D

10、ruart,UFIs Research Manager(researchufi.org).OverviewTo quantify the economic significance of exhibitions globally,Oxford Economics has prepared a comprehensive model of global exhibitions activity that references recent studies on their economic significance.The results of this study show the scope

11、 of the global exhibition sector in terms of direct spending and jobs,as well as the total impacts of exhibitions in the broader economy.As part of this analysis,Oxford Economics took the following steps:Analysed existing data on exhibitions maintained by UFI,including net square meters sold,visitor

12、s,and exhibitors;Analysed historic data on the exhibition industry maintained by UFI and referenced published studies on exhibition impacts in 13 countries,as well as third-party industry data across more than 180 countries;Developed an econometric model of the relationship between economic and trav

13、el-industry data sets and exhibition industry impacts to estimate exhibition activity in countries in which the exhibition industry has not been previously quantified;andCombined the results of existing studies and modeled relationships to prepare global estimates.Previous country-level analyses of

14、exhibitions activity accounted for more than three-quarters of the estimated global total,providing a solid research foundation.Executive summary6What are the main components of economic impact?Direct impacts consist of the direct spending and jobs that are directly involved in planning and producin

15、g exhibitions,and for participants and exhibitors to travel to exhibitions,as well as other exhibition-related spending.Indirect impacts represent downstream supplier industry impacts,also referred to as supply chain impacts.For example,the facilities at which exhibitions occur require inputs such a

16、s energy and food ingredients.Also,many exhibition venues contract with specialised service providers,such as marketing,equipment upkeep,cleaning,technology support,accounting,and legal and financial services.These are examples of indirect impacts.Induced impacts occur as employees spend their wages

17、 and salaries in the broader economy.For example,as hotel employees spend money on rent,transportation,food and beverage,and entertainment.Impacts are expressed in terms of economic output,which includes all business sales,GDP(gross domestic product),which is defined as business sales less intermedi

18、ate inputs,and jobs.What qualifies as an exhibition?UFI follows the ISO 25639-1:2008(E/F)definitions which are also adopted here.For the purposes of this study,an exhibition,show,or fair is an event in which products,services,or information are displayed and disseminated.Exhibitions differ from“conf

19、erence”,“conventions”or“seminars”,or other business and consumer events.Exhibitions exclude flea markets and street markets.Exhibitions include:Trade exhibitions:exhibitions that promotes trade and commerce and are attended primarily by trade visitors.A trade exhibition can be opened to the public a

20、t specific times.Public exhibitions:exhibitions open primarily to general public visitors.A public exhibition is sometimes also known as a consumer show.For more information about the methodology used for this study,please see page 27.Executive summary7Total impacts of global exhibitions(2019)After

21、accounting for indirect and induced impacts,exhibitions supported a total global economic impact in 2019 of:298.7($334.5)billion of total output(business sales)3.4 million total jobs 179.3($200.7)billion of GDP(representing contribution to global gross domestic product)Based on a total economic impa

22、ct of 298.7($334.5)billion and a global total of 39.65 million sqm of capacity(as reported in the UFI World Map of Exhibition Venues 2022),total output per sqm of capacity amounted to approximately 7,500($8,400)in 2019.Global exhibitions directly generated more output(business sales)than many large

23、global sectors,including machine tools and medical&surgical equipment.The 179.3($200.7)billion of total GDP supported by the global exhibitions sector would rank the sector as the 55th largest economy globally,larger than the economies of countries such as Hungary,Kuwait,Sri Lanka,Greece,and Ecuador

24、.Direct impacts of exhibitions(2019)Number of exhibitions,visitors&exhibitorsIn 2019,exhibitions directly involved nearly 353 million visitors and nearly five million exhibitors across more than 180 countries.Direct spending(business sales)Exhibitions generated more than 125.6($140.7)billion of dire

25、ct spending by visitors,exhibitors and additional exhibitions-related expenditures.Direct GDP(gross domestic product)and employmentExhibitions supported 1.4 million direct jobs globally and generated 73.5($82.3)billion of direct GDP.Based on approximately 4.8 million exhibitors worldwide and 125.6($

26、140.7)billion of direct spending,exhibitions generated approximately 26,400($29,600)in direct spending per exhibitor on a global basis.Based on its 73.5($82.3)billion direct GDP impact,the exhibitions sector would rank as the 71stlargest economy globallyExecutive summary8Executive summary353 million

27、 visitors353 million visitorsacross more than 180 countries(gross domestic product)74($82)billion in direct GDP74($82)billion in direct GDP126($141)billion in direct spending 126($141)billion in direct spending(business sales)(business sales)representing spending to plan and produce exhibitions,exhi

28、bitions-related travel,and other direct spending,such as spending by visitors and exhibitors1.4 million jobs1.4 million jobsdirectly supported by exhibitions globallyDirect Impactsincluding direct,indirect,and induced GDP impacts179($201)billion in total GDP179($201)billion in total GDP299($335)bill

29、ion in total output 299($335)billion in total output(business sales)(business sales)including direct,indirect,and induced output3.4 million total jobs3.4 million total jobsdirectly and indirectly supported by global exhibitionsTotal ImpactsIndirect&Induced Impacts$62,900($70,400)of total outputper e

30、xhibiting company7,500 total impact per sqm($800 per sqf)of venue gross indoor exhibition spaceExhibitions Volume and Direct Spending210Definition of an exhibitionUFI follows the ISO 25639-1:2008(E/F)definitions which are also adopted here.For the purposes of this study,an exhibition,show,or fair is

31、 an event in which products,services,or information are displayed and disseminated.Exhibitions differ from“conference”,“conventions”or“seminars”,or other business and consumer events.Exhibitions exclude flea markets and street markets.Exhibitions include:Trade exhibitions:exhibitions that promotes t

32、rade and commerce and are attended primarily by trade visitors.A trade exhibition can be opened to the public at specific times.Public exhibitions:exhibitions open primarily to general public visitors.A public exhibition is sometimes also known as a consumer show.Regions of analysisExhibition data,e

33、stimates of direct spending,and overall impacts were analyzed at the regional and global levels.The map on the following page provides a breakdown of the regions included in the study:AfricaAsia/PacificCentral&South AmericaEuropeMiddle EastNorth AmericaThis section summarises the size and scope of e

34、xhibitions sector activity worldwide.The primary measures presented are:Amount of exhibitions direct spendingSpace sold(net square meters)Number of visitors and exhibitorsNumber of exhibitions direct jobsExhibition data on space sold,visitors,and exhibitors was provided by UFI.Data on estimated exhi

35、bitions direct spending is based on econometric modeling by Oxford Economics.Exhibitions direct spending represents spending directly incurred in the planning and production of exhibitions,travel to exhibitions,and accompanying exhibitions-related activities.As a basic description this includes spen

36、ding by participants to attend the exhibition(e.g.travel and registration),organiser-paid travel,spending by exhibitors(e.g.sponsorships,exhibit production,off-site events),spending by exhibition organisers and hosts,and certain other exhibitions-related spending.Exhibitions direct spending provides

37、 the clearest measure of the economic significance of exhibitions because it captures the full scope of services and goods directly provided by a range of industries.For this reason,much of our summary analysis focuses on exhibitions direct spending and the number of exhibitions participants.Overvie

38、w of exhibitions volume and direct spending11Map of analysis regionsCentral&SouthAmericaAsia/PacificNorthAmericaAsia/PacificMiddle EastEuropeAfricaCentral&SouthAmericaNOTE:Russia can be considered as both in Europe(West of the Ural mountains)and Asia(rest of the country).As a large part of the natio

39、nal activity is concentrated in the Western part of the country,Russia is considered as in Europe for the purpose of this study.12Exhibitions summary dataIn 2019,exhibitions sold nearly 147 million net square meters(1.5 billion square feet)across more than 180 countries.Exhibitions generated approxi

40、mately 125.6($140.7)billion of direct spending,by visitors,exhibitors and additional exhibitions-related expenditure.North America and Europe ranked first and second in direct spending,representing 43%and 32%of total global direct spending in 2019,respectively.Exhibitions welcomed nearly 353 million

41、 visitors and 4.8 million exhibitors in 2019.Europe ranked first in terms of total visitors with 112.0 million visitors and 1.3 million exhibitors.North America followed with 92.3 million visitors and 1.6 million exhibitors.Exhibitions generated 125.6 billion of direct spending and sold nearly 147 m

42、illion net square meters in 2019.Source:Oxford Economics&UFI(2019)(billions Euros)(billions US$)Direct spendingSpace soldGlobal total146.6 125.6$140.7100.0%100.0%By regionNorth America48.6 54.5$61.043.4%33.1%Europe46.5 40.0$44.831.8%31.7%Asia/Pacific37.2 25.6$28.720.4%25.4%Central&South America10.2

43、3.7$4.12.9%7.0%Middle East3.1 1.3$1.51.1%2.1%Africa1.0 0.5$0.60.4%0.7%Share of totalSpace sold(net square meters,millions)Direct spendingVisitorsExhibitorsGlobal total352,660 4,752 100.0%100.0%By regionEurope112,000 1,340 31.8%28.2%North America92,340 1,620 26.2%34.1%Asia/Pacific89,700 1,332 25.4%28

44、.0%Central&South America49,970 287 14.2%6.0%Middle East6,500 130 1.8%2.7%Africa2,150 43 0.6%0.9%Visitors(000s)Exhibitors(000s)Share of totalSummary of exhibitions activity(2019)13Exhibitions direct spendingExhibitions in North America generated 54.5($61.0)billion of exhibitions direct spending in 20

45、19,as shown in the accompanying chart,representing 43.4%of global exhibitions direct spending.Exhibitions in Europe and Asia/Pacific generated 40.0($44.8)billion and 25.6($28.7)billion in direct spending,representing 31.8%and 20.4%of global direct spending,respectively.North America and Europe are t

46、he top regions in terms of exhibitions direct spending.Source:Oxford Economics(2021)Exhibitions direct spending by region(In billions,Euros,2019)43.4%31.8%20.4%2.9%1.1%0.4%North AmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfrica 54.5 40.0 25.6 3.7 1.3 0.5NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCen

47、tral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfricaIn billions,Euros,201914Exhibitions visitorsEurope was the largest market in terms of exhibition participants,hosting 112.0 million visitors,representing nearly one-third of total visitors worldwide in 2019.North America ranked second,hosting 92.3 million visitors(2

48、6.2%of worldwide visitors)in 2019.Asia/Pacific ranked third with 89.7 million visitors,representing 25.4%of global visitors,while Central&South America ranked fourth with 50.0 million exhibition visitors in 2019.The Middle East,and Africa followed,each hosting less than seven million exhibition visi

49、tors in 2019.In terms of number of participants,Europe represents the largest region.Source:UFI(2021)Exhibitions visitors by region(millions of visitors,2019)31.8%26.2%25.4%14.2%1.8%0.6%EuropeNorth AmericaAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfrica112.092.389.750.06.52.2EuropeNorthAmericaAsia/

50、PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddleEastAfricaIn millions,201915Exhibitions exhibitorsNorth America was the largest market in terms of exhibition exhibitors,hosting 1.6 million exhibitors,representing more than 34%of total exhibitors worldwide.Europe ranked second,hosting 1.3 million exhibitors(28.2%of

51、 worldwide visitors)in 2019.Asia/Pacific ranked third with 1.3 million exhibitors,representing 28.0%of global exhibitors.Central&South America,the Middle East,and Africa followed,each hosting less than 300,000 exhibitors in 2019.In terms of number of exhibitors,North America represents the largest r

52、egion with 1.6 million exhibitors in 2019.Source:UFI(2021)Exhibitions exhibitors by region(millions of exhibitors,2019)1.621.341.330.290.130.04NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfricaIn millions,201934.1%28.2%28.0%6.0%2.7%0.9%North AmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAme

53、ricaMiddle EastAfrica1646.0%28.3%21.4%3.1%0.9%0.4%North AmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfricaExhibitions direct GDP and jobs impactsExhibitions generated 73.5($82.3)billion of direct GDP and more than 1.4 million direct jobs in 2019.Approximately 0.5 million of the direct jo

54、bs are maintained by the exhibitions industry alone.Exhibitions in North America generated 33.8($37.8)billion in direct GDP,representing 46.0%of global exhibitions GDP.North America is also the largest market in terms of jobs,with 561,000 direct jobs.Europe ranks second in terms of direct GDP impact

55、,with 20.8($23.3)billion in GDP,supporting 350,000 direct jobs.Asia/Pacific ranked third with 15.7($17.6)billion in direct GDP,supporting 394,000 direct jobs.Exhibitions generated 73.5 billion of direct GDP and more than 1.4 million direct jobs in 2019.Source:Oxford Economics(2021)Exhibitions direct

56、 GDP and jobs impact by region(2019)(billions Euros)(billions US$)(billions Euros)(billions US$)Direct spendingDirect GDPDirect jobsGlobal total 125.6$140.7 73.5$82.31,403 100.0%100.0%100.0%By regionNorth America 54.5$61.0 33.8$37.8561 43.4%46.0%40.0%Europe 40.0$44.8 20.8$23.3350 31.8%28.3%24.9%Asia

57、/Pacific 25.6$28.7 15.7$17.6394 20.4%21.4%28.1%Central&South America 3.7$4.1 2.3$2.574 2.9%3.1%5.3%Middle East 1.3$1.5 0.7$0.815 1.1%0.9%1.1%Africa 0.5$0.6 0.3$0.39 0.4%0.4%0.6%Direct spendingDirect GDPDirect jobs(000s)Share of totalShare of direct GDP impacts by region(2019)17Exhibitions direct spe

58、ndingper exhibitorExhibitions generated 125.6($140.7)billion of direct spending in 2019.Based on a global total of 4.8 million exhibitors in 2019,direct spending per exhibitor amounted to 26,440($29,602).North America ranked first with 33,641($37,664)in direct spending per exhibitor.Europe and Asia/

59、Pacific followed with 29,849($33,419)and 19,229($21,529)in direct spending per exhibitor,respectively.Exhibitions generated approximately 26,440($29,602)in direct spending per exhibitor on a global basis in 2019.Source:Oxford Economics&UFI(2021)Exhibitions direct spending per exhibitor(2019)(billion

60、s Euros)(billions US$)(Euros)(US$)Global total4,752 125.6$140.7 26,440$29,602By regionNorth America1,620 54.5$61.0 33,641$37,664Europe1,340 40.0$44.8 29,849$33,419Asia/Pacific1,332 25.6$28.7 19,229$21,529Central&South America287 3.7$4.1 12,884$14,425Middle East130 1.3$1.5 10,283$11,513Africa43 0.5$0

61、.6 11,591$12,978Exhibitors(000s)Direct spendingDirect spending per exhibitor 33,641 29,849 19,229 12,884 11,591 10,283NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaAfricaMiddle EastIn Euros,2019Economic Impact of Exhibitions319Indirect impacts represent downstream supplier industry impacts,also

62、referred to as supply chain impacts.For example,the facilities at which exhibitions occur require inputs such as energy and food ingredients.Also,many exhibition venues contract with specialized service providers,such as marketing,equipment upkeep,cleaning,technology support,accounting,and legal and

63、 financial services.These are examples of indirect impacts.Induced impacts occur as employees spend their wages and salaries in the broader economy.For example,as hotel employees spend money on rent,transportation,food and beverage,and entertainment.Indirect and induced impacts may also be referred

64、to collectively as indirect effects.To conduct the impact analysis,we used country-level economic impact multipliers from the existing exhibitions impact studies.For countries where exhibitions impact multipliers were either unavailable or appeared inconsistent with reference data,we used travel and

65、 tourism multipliers maintained by WTTC(World Travel and Tourism Council)and Oxford Economics.WTTC multipliers are based on input-output tables for each country and were sourced from either the OECD(Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development),or when not available,national statistical of

66、fices.From the input-output tables,multiplier matrices were developed for each economy,detailing the flow of spending in an economy that occurs as a consequence of spending in a given industry.Our analysis of exhibitions direct spending served as an input for the economic impact model we used to est

67、imate exhibitions-sector direct employment and labor income,and the downstream impacts of the sector.This model is also referred to as an input-output(I-O)model.Components of economic impact analysisThere are three main components of a sectors overall economic impact:Direct impacts consist of the di

68、rect spending and jobs that are involved in planning and producing exhibitions,and for participants to travel to exhibitions,as well as other exhibitions-related spending.Given the characteristics of the exhibitions sector,much of this direct activity occurs across a variety of sectors.For example,t

69、he production of an exhibition frequently involves employees onsite at a hotel or other venue,including banquet staff as well as audio-visual/staging and technical staff,and other third-party contracted service providers,such as entertainment/production services,dcor,speakers and trainers,advertisin

70、g and promotion.These employees all represent direct jobs supported by the exhibitions sector.Meanwhile,participants travel to the exhibition,and accommodation during the event,supports direct spending and jobs across a range of service providers in the travel sector.Though this spending is occurrin

71、g across businesses in a range of industry sectors,it all represents activity that is supported by exhibitions direct spending and is part of the exhibition sectors direct impacts.Economic impact approach20Economic impactsOverall,the total global economic impact of the exhibitions sector in 2019 is

72、summarized as follows:298.7($334.5)billion of total economic output(business sales)179.3($200.7)billion in total GDP contribution;andMore than 3.4 million total jobs.These totals represent the combination of direct impacts within the exhibitions sector(e.g.125.6($140.7)billion of exhibitions direct

73、spending,and 1.4 million direct jobs),plus the estimated indirect and induced effects.The resulting output multiplier for the exhibitions sector is 2.38,implying that each 1.00($1.00)in direct exhibition spending generates an additional 1.38($1.38)in indirect and induced expenditures in the global e

74、conomy.The global exhibitions sector supported 298.7($334.5)billion of total output(business sales)in 2019.Source:Oxford Economics(2021)Exhibitions sector global economic impacts(Amounts in billions of euros and billons of US dollars,except jobs-2019)Exhibitions sector global economic impactsAmounts

75、 in billions of euros and billions of US dollars,except jobs2019(Euros&jobs)2019(US$&jobs)Direct exhibitions sector impactOutput(exhibitions direct spending)125.6$140.7Employment1,402,727 1,402,727 GDP 73.5$82.3Total exhibitions sector impactOutput 298.7$334.5Employment3,436,856 3,436,856 GDP 179.3$

76、200.721Economic impacts by region:total outputExhibitions in North America generated 127.5($142.8)billion of total output in 2019,as shown in the accompanying chart,representing 42.7%of the total output impact of the global exhibitions sector.Exhibitions in Europe and Asia/Pacific generated 93.8($10

77、5.1)billion and 65.4($73.2)billion in direct spending,representing 31.4%and 21.9%of the sectors global output impact.North America and Europe are the top regions in terms of total output impacts.Source:Oxford Economics(2021)Economic impacts by region total output impacts(In billions of Euros,2019)12

78、7.5 93.8 65.4 8.3 2.6 1.0NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfricaIn billions,Euros,201942.7%31.4%21.9%2.8%0.9%0.3%North AmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfrica22Economic impacts by region:total GDPExhibitions in North America generated 80.8($90.5)bil

79、lion of total GDP in 2019,as shown in the accompanying chart,representing 45.1%of the global exhibitions sectors total GDP impact.Exhibitions in Europe and Asia/Pacific generated 50.9($56.9)billion and 40.5($45.3)billion in direct spending,representing 28.4%and 22.6%of the sectors total GDP impact,r

80、espectively.North America and Europe are the top regions in terms of total output impacts.Source:Oxford Economics(2021)Economic impacts by region total GDP impacts(In billions of Euros,2019)45.1%28.4%22.6%2.9%0.7%0.3%North AmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfrica80.850.940.55.3

81、1.20.6NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfricaIn billions,Euros,201923Economic impacts by region:total employmentExhibitions in North America generated nearly 1.4 million total jobs in 2019,as shown in the accompanying chart,representing 39.3%of the global exhibitions sect

82、ors total job impact.Exhibitions in Europe and Asia/Pacific generated 959,000 and 906 total jobs,representing 27.9%and 26.3%of the sectors total job impact,respectively.The global exhibitions sector supported more than 3.4 million total jobs in 2019.Source:Oxford Economics(2021)Economic impacts by r

83、egion total job impacts(In thousands of jobs,2019)1,3529599061663320NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfricaIn thousands of jobs(2019)39.3%27.9%26.3%4.8%1.0%0.6%North AmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaMiddle EastAfrica24Economic impacts:total output per exhibito

84、rExhibitions generated 298.7($334.5)billion of total output(total business sales)in 2019.Based on a global total of 4.8 million exhibitors in 2019,total output per exhibitor amounted to 62,864($70,382).North America ranked first with 78,716($88,130)in total output per exhibitor.Europe and Asia/Pacif

85、ic followed with 70,027($78,403)and 49,082($54,952)in total output per exhibitor,respectively.Exhibitions generated approximately 62,900($70,400)in total output per exhibitor on a global basis in 2019.Source:Oxford Economics&UFI(2021)Exhibitions total output per exhibitor(2019)78,716 70,027 49,082 2

86、8,972 24,223 20,293NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaAfricaMiddle EastIn Euros,2019(billions Euros)(billions US$)(Euros)(US$)Global total4,752 298.7$334.5 62,864$70,382By regionNorth America1,620 127.5$142.8 78,716$88,130Europe1,340 93.8$105.1 70,027$78,403Asia/Pacific1,332 65.4$73.2

87、 49,082$54,952Central&South America287 8.3$9.3 28,972$32,437Africa43 1.0$1.2 24,223$27,120Middle East130 2.6$3.0 20,293$22,720Exhibitors(000s)Total outputTotal outputper exhibitor25Economic impacts:total output per square meter of venue capacityExhibitions generated 298.7($334.5)billion of total out

88、put(total business sales)in 2019.Based on a global total of 39.65 million square meters(426.73 million square feet)of venue capacity measured in terms of gross indoor exhibition space(as reported in the UFI World Map of Exhibition Venues 2022),total output per square meter of venue capacity amounted

89、 to approximately 7,500($8,400),while total output per square foot of venue capacity amounted to approximately 700($800).North America ranked first with 15,774($17,661)in total output per square meter of venue capacity and 1,465($1,641)per square foot of venue capacity.Europe followed with 5,975($6,

90、690)in total output per square meter of venue capacity and 555($621)per square foot of venue capacity.Exhibitions generated approximately 7,500($8,400)in total output per square meter of capacity and 700($800)per square foot of capacity on a global basis in 2019.Source:Oxford Economics&UFI(2021)Exhi

91、bitions total output per sqm of capacity(2019)15,774 5,975 5,249 4,168 3,438 2,394NorthAmericaEuropeAsia/PacificCentral&SouthAmericaAfricaMiddle EastIn Euros,2019(billions Euros)(billions US$)(Euros)(US$)(Euros)(US$)Global total39.65 426.73 298.7$334.5 7,535$8,436 700$784By regionNorth America8.08 8

92、7.02 127.5$142.8 15,774$17,661 1,465$1,641Europe15.71 169.05 93.8$105.1 5,975$6,690 555$621Asia/Pacific12.46 134.08 65.4$73.2 5,249$5,876 488$546Central&South America2.00 21.47 8.3$9.3 4,168$4,666 387$434Middle East1.10 11.86 2.6$3.0 2,394$2,680 222$249Africa0.30 3.26 1.0$1.2 3,438$3,849 319$358Capa

93、city(million square feet)Total outputTotal output per square meter of capacityCapacity(million square meters)Total output per square foot of capacity26Global exhibitions impact rankingThe global exhibitions sector directly generated more output(business sales)than many large global sectors,including

94、 machine tools and medical&surgical equipment.The 179.3($200.7)billion of total GDP supported by exhibitions globally would rank the sector as the 55th largest economy globally,larger than the economies of countries such as Hungary,Kuwait,Sri Lanka,and Ecuador.The table on the following page compare

95、s the global exhibitions sectors total GDP impact to the GDP of countries around the world.The global exhibition sectors total GDP impact would rank it as the 55th largest economy globally.27GDP comparisonsAmounts in billions of Euros,2019RankCountryGDPRankCountryGDPRankCountryGDP1United States 19,0

96、8731Norway 36361Kuwait 1222China 12,75032Nigeria 35962Morocco 1073Japan 4,57433Ireland 35663Ecuador 974Germany 3,47934Israel 35564Cuba 945United Kingdom 2,57335South Africa 34765Slovak Republic 946India 2,50536Philippines 33666Puerto Rico 947France 2,43937Singapore 33567Kenya 908Africa 2,22738Malays

97、ia 32668Ethiopia 839Italy 1,79739Hong Kong,China 32469Angola 8010Brazil 1,67340Denmark 31070Dominican Republic 7911Canada 1,55641Egypt 30071Sri Lanka 7512Russia 1,50942Vietnam 29372Guatemala 6913South Korea 1,47543Colombia 28973Oman 6814Spain 1,24444Bangladesh 26974Luxembourg 6315Australia 1,23845Pa

98、kistan 26175Bulgaria 6216Mexico 1,13546Chile 25076Myanmar 6117Indonesia 1,00047Finland 24077Ghana 6118Netherlands 81348Czech Republic 22678Libya 6019Saudi Arabia 71849Romania 22279Panama 6020Turkey 67850Portugal 21480Costa Rica 5821Switzerland 65451Peru 20681Belarus 5722Taiwan 54652Iraq 20182Croatia

99、 5623Poland 53353New Zealand 18883Uruguay 5524Iran,Islamic Rep.51954Greece 18384Tanzania 5425Thailand 48655Exhibitions globally 17985Cote dIvoire 5226Belgium 47856Kazakhstan 15786Uzbekistan 5027Sweden 47757Qatar 15787Macao,China 4928Argentina 40758Algeria 15388Lithuania 4929Austria 39759Hungary 1468

100、9Slovenia 4930United Arab Emirates 37360Ukraine 13790Lebanon 48Source:Source:Oxford Economics(based on data from National Statistical Offices)Methods429Research ApproachWe integrated the results of existing studies and exhibitions data maintained by UFI to model global exhibitions volume and direct

101、spending.Three-quarters of global exhibitions direct spending was covered by country-level studies.Our discussion of research methods in this section follows the same order.First,we outline the research process,then we highlight the statistical modeling,and last,the conceptual framework.Figures in t

102、his report are based on unrounded estimates.Due to rounding,the totals in certain tables may differ slightly from the sum of the individual rows or columns.The analysis was conducted in nominal Euros and US dollars based on market exchange rates.Model outputs were analyzed in US dollars and converte

103、d to Euros using the period exchange rate for calendar year 2019,which was 1.181 US Dollars for each Euro.Note:UFI produces estimations of those metrics for the world and each region.Those estimations are derived from models that use data from several markets where such data is considered reliable.U

104、FI is ready to update those estimations when it receives reliable data for any given market(please contact chrisufi.org).Also,regarding visitors numbers,several markets communicate on“number of visits”instead,or count in“attendees”.It is important to know that the economic impact model developed for

105、 this study did not use that metric for calculation.Country economic impact profilesIn addition to the release of the global economic impact of exhibitions findings,Oxford Economics and UFI are offering summary country profiles.Building on the results of the global impact analysis,the research team

106、can prepare summary economic impact profiles at the country level.Metrics included in the country profiles will include direct impacts,indirect and induced impacts,and total impacts for the following metrics:Economic output(business sales),GDP(gross domestic product)and Jobs.Our approach to the exhi

107、bitions sector research included the following steps:Analysed existing data on exhibitions maintained by UFI,including net square meters sold,visitors,and exhibitors(see note);Analysed existing studies on exhibitions impacts in 13 countries,as well as third-party industry data;Developed an econometr

108、ic model of the relationship between economic and travel-industry data sets and exhibitions industry impacts to estimate exhibitions activity in countries in which the exhibitions industry has not been previously quantified;andCombined the results of existing studies and modeled relationships to pre

109、pare global estimates.Overall,we found that approximately three-quarters of global exhibitions direct spending was already covered by the country-level studies we analysed.As a result,while we applied the econometric model to prepare estimates for countries that have not yet been studied at the coun

110、try level,findings for many of the largest and most important countries were based on the results of existing studies.This provided a solid research foundation.In this global analysis,we have relied broadly on the headline measures of exhibitions activity and participants as reported by each study.I

111、n situations in which we saw clear differences such as definition differences or outliers in specific results,we excluded specific country-level report metrics from the estimation process.30Existing impact studiesand third-party dataIn addition to existing impact studies,the research process also en

112、compassed third-party industry data from the following sources:UFIGlobal Business Travel AssociationWe compiled existing studies on the impacts of exhibitions in global markets.A comprehensive list of the 13 studies included in the analysis is outlined in the table below.The research team collected

113、the following metrics for each country:Direct spending Direct value-added(GDP)Direct jobsTotal participantsCountryStudy year Report titleSourcesAustralia2015The Value of Business Events to AustraliaErnst&Young,Business Events Council of AustraliaCanada2014The Economic Contribution of Business Events

114、 in CanadaMPI Foundation Canada,Maritz Research,The Conference Board of CanadaDenmark2012Economic Contribution of Meeting Activity in DenmarkVisit DenmarkFrance2011tude sur les retombes conomiques delactivit des salons en France et en le-de-FranceChambre de commerce et dindustrie de Paris,COMIT des

115、Expositions de PARISGermany2018Overall Economic Relevance of Exhibitions in GermanyAssociation of the German Trade Fair Industry(AUMA)Guatemala2017Medicion de la relevancia economica de la industria de turismo de reuniones en GuatemalaSTA Consultores,Gobierno de la Republica de Guatemala,INGUAT(Inst

116、ituto Guatemalteco de Turismo)India2017Indian Exhibition Industry ReportIndian Exhibition Industry AssociationMexico2016The Economic Relevance of Meetings in MexicoSECTUR(Secretaria de Turismo),Consejo do Promocion Turistica de Mexico,STA ConsultoresPeru2014Peru,Destination for Meetings TourismPROMP

117、ERUPoland2015The Economic Impact of Polands Meetings IndustryPoland Convention Bureau,Polka Organizacja Turystyczna,MPI Foundation,MPI Poland ChapterUnited Kingdom2012The Economic Impact of the UK Exhibitions IndustryFaceTime&Oxford EconomicsUnited Kingdom2013The Economic Impact of the UK Meeting&Ev

118、ent IndustryMPI FoundationUnited States2018Economic Significance of Meetings to the US EconomyOxford Economics,Events Industry CouncilExisting economic impact studies31Econometric modelThe research team developed an econometric model of the relationship between economic and travel-industry data sets

119、 and exhibitions impacts to estimate exhibitions activity in countries in which the exhibitions industry has not been previously quantified.In addition to the data provided by UFI and collected from existing exhibitions impact studies,the table below summarizes the data we compiled to include in the

120、 modeling process.The econometric model tested the relationship between economic and travel-industry data sets and exhibitions industry impactsData descriptionSourcesBusiness arrivalsUNWTO(World Tourism Organization),various national statistical agenciesInternational business inbound travel spending

121、IMF Balance of PaymentsDomestic business travel spendingOxford Economics/WTTC(World Travel and Tourism Council)GDP(gross domestic product)Haver Analytics,various national statistical agenciesTotal populationHaver Analytics,United Nations,various national statistical agenciesPer capita GDPHaver Analy

122、tics,United Nations,various national statistical agenciesServices industry gross outputVarious national statistical agencies,central banks,and ministries of financeWhole economy gross outputVarious national statistical agencies,central banks,and ministries of financeData inputs for econometric model

123、32Econometric modelThe resulting model reflects the relationship between travel-industry measures,such as estimated domestic and international business travel spending at the country level(based on Oxford Economics analysis for the World Travel and Tourism Council),and exhibitions direct spending.Be

124、cause studies of exhibitions activity in more developed countries tend to show higher levels of activity relative to business travel spending,GDP per capita was also used in the model.The resulting estimates show that exhibitions spending tends to be correlated with broad economic activity.For examp

125、le,the correlation between exhibitions spending and economic activity as measured by GDP is shown in the accompanying chart.The resulting model reflects the positive relationship between travel-industry measures and exhibitions direct spending.Exhibitions direct spending and GDP by country$0$10,000$

126、20,000$30,000$40,000$50,000$60,000$70,000$0$5,000$10,000$15,000$20,000Exhibitions direct spending($millions)GDP($billions)Source:Oxford Economics(2022)33Country impact profilesIndividual country profile reports can be produced for UFI Member Associations and will be added as appendices to the global

127、 study.Please contact Christian Druart,UFIs Research Manager for more information(chrisufi.org).In addition to the release of the global economic impact of exhibitions findings,Oxford Economics and UFI are offering summary country profiles,which will provide insight for country-level impacts of exhi

128、bitions.Building on the existing econometric model and research conducted for the global impact analysis allows the research team to prepare summary economic impact profiles at the country level.Based on data availability,the following exhibition metrics will be included in the country profiles:Exhi

129、bition venue capacityExhibition space soldExhibitorsVisitorsEconomic impact metrics included in the country profiles will include direct impacts,indirect and induced impacts,and total impacts for the following metrics:Economic output(business sales)GDP(gross domestic product)Jobs34Economic impact me

130、tricsAfter estimating direct exhibitions spending based on existing impact studies and the econometric model,the research team estimated additional economic impact metrics utilizing the sources listed in the table below.For example,we used economic data on gross output and value added for both the w

131、hole economy and the travel industry to estimate direct GDP impacts for each country.In addition,we used multipliers from existing impact studies and travel and tourism multipliers maintained by Oxford Economics and WTTC to estimate the total economic impact of exhibitions for each country.Secondary

132、 data sources were a critical part of the research.Economic impact metricEstimation method and sourceEconomic impact metricsDirect spending(direct output)Existing impact studiesEstimates from econometric modelNet space sold(square meters)Existing UFI dataTotal visitorsExisting UFI dataTotal exhibito

133、rsExisting UFI dataDirect GDP(gross domestic product)impactEstimates of direct spending(direct output)Economic data on whole economy&services industry gross output from national statistical agenciesEconomic data on whole economy&services industry value-added from national statistical agenciesDirect

134、jobsExisting impact studiesEstimates from econometric modelEconomic data on whole economy gross output from various national statistical agenciesTravel&tourism data&multipliers from Oxford Economics&WTTC(World Travel and Tourism Council)Total economic impact,GDP,and jobsExisting impact studiesTravel

135、&tourism data&multipliers from Oxford Economics&WTTC(World Travel and Tourism Council)Country profiles536Appendix 1 UK(December 2019)in ()37Appendix 1 UK(December 2019)in ($)38Appendix 2 Spain(June 2020)in 39Appendix 2 Thailand(June 2022)in and$40Country impact profilesIndividual country profile rep

136、orts can be produced for UFI Member Associations and will be added as appendices to the global study.The June 2020 release of this report includes in section 4 the key results of the first two produced:for the United Kingdom in December 2019.for Spain in June 2020.for Thailand in June 2022.For more

137、information,please contact Christian Druart,UFIs Research Manager(researchufi.org).In addition to the release of the global economic impact of exhibitions findings,Oxford Economics and UFI are offering summary country profiles,which will provide insight for country-level impacts of exhibitions.Build

138、ing on the existing econometric model and research conducted for the global impact analysis allows the research team to prepare summary economic impact profiles at the country level.Based on data availability,the following exhibition metrics will be included in the country profiles:Exhibition venue

139、capacityExhibition space soldExhibitorsVisitorsEconomic impact metrics included in the country profiles will include direct impacts,indirect and induced impacts,and total impacts for the following metrics:Economic output(business sales)GDP(gross domestic product)Jobs41AboutUFI is the leading global

140、association of the worlds tradeshow organisers and exhibition centre operators,as well as the major national and international exhibition associations,and selected partners of the exhibition industry.UFIs main goal is to represent,promote and support the business interests of its members and the exh

141、ibition industry.UFI directly represents around 50,000 exhibition industry employees globally,and also works closely with its 52 national and regional associations members.Oxford EconomicsUFIOxford Economics was founded in 1981 as a commercial venture with Oxford Universitys business college to prov

142、ide economic forecasting and modelling to UK companies and financial institutions expanding abroad.Since then,we have become one of the worlds foremost independent global advisory firms,providing reports,forecasts and analytical tools on 200 countries,100 industrial sectors and over 3,000 cities.Hea

143、dquartered in Oxford,England,with regional centres in London,New York,and Singapore,Oxford Economics has offices across the globe.We employ over 200 full-time people,including more than 130 professional economists,industry experts and business editorsone of the largest teams of macroeconomists and t

144、hought leadership specialists.42UFI Headquarters/European Office17,rue Louise Michel 92300Levallois-Perret FranceT:+33 146 397 500F:+33 146 397 501infoufi.orgUFI Asia-Pacific Regional OfficeSuite 4114,Hong KongPlaza 188 Connaught Road West Hong Kong,ChinaT:+852 2525 6129F:+852 25256171asiaufi.orgUFI

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