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1、#CiscoLive#CiscoLiveEmerson Moura,Distinguished ArchitectDavid J.Smith,Distinguished ArchitectBRKSPG-2029IP/MPLS Routing Layer ConsiderationsDesigning Routed Optical Networks 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveEnter your personal notes hereCisco Webex App 3Que
2、stions?Use Cisco Webex App to chat with the speaker after the sessionFind this session in the Cisco Live Mobile AppClick“Join the Discussion”Install the Webex App or go directly to the Webex spaceEnter messages/questions in the Webex spaceHowWebex spaces will be moderated by the speaker until June 9
3、,2023.12343https:/ 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicBRKSPG-2029Agenda 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicIntroductionTraditional multi-layer switchingRouted Optical NetworkingIP/MPLS routing layer considerationsScale,topology&bandwidthSer
4、vice convergenceControl planeProtection,restoration&SRLGsApplication,content&Internet peeringDCO ManagementSummaryBRKSPG-20294 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveTraditional multi-layer architectureDistinct IP and Optical NetworksEngineered and operated by ind
5、ependentlySuboptimal Asset UtilizationComplex networks come with inefficienciesMedium to low utilization of network assetsExcessive OPEXMore complex to engineer,operate,manage,and automate5BRKSPG-2029Complexity breaking the economicsTraditional ArchitectureTraditional ArchitectureMultiMulti-Layer Sw
6、itchingLayer Switching 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveAging technologies cant keep up with bandwidth6BRKSPG-2029OTNs relevance as a switching layer is waningPure packet silicon is orders of magnitude superior in scale and consume lowest power per bitExampl
7、e:Cisco Silicon One P100:12.4 12.4 TbpsTbps/slot/slotOTN Switch:120 Gbps/slot 120 Gbps/slot(3.84 Tbpsper chassis)DWDM with muxponders could be the transport answer but its highly inefficient for anything but high speed leased lines05001920202021Chipset Bandwidth in GbpsSDH/SONE
8、TOTNPacketOTN silicon investment on the declineSilicon Bandwidth in Tbps 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveInnovations driving new architectural and economic paradigms7BRKSPG-2029Mass ScaleIP Routers(Up to 260Tbps,12.8Tbps NPU)ModernizedSoftware&Provisioning
9、400GE ZR/ZR+QSFP-DDPluggable DCOs+New Network New Network Paradigm Paradigm=Routed Optical Routed Optical NetworkingNetworking+Open,SimplerDWDMLine Systems 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveInnovations driving new architectural and economic paradigms8BRKSPG-2
10、029Mass ScaleIP Routers(Up to260Tbps,12.8Tbps NPU)ModernizedSoftware&Provisioning 400GE ZR/ZR+QSFP-DDPluggable DCOs+Open,SimplerDWDMLine Systems What if we could use all these innovations to build a new network paradigm that is simpler and more efficient?2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights r
11、eserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRouted Optical Networking Architecture9BRKSPG-2029400ZR/ZR+QSFP-DD DCOsOLS:Open Line System 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRemoving hardware complexity and cost with DCO10BRKSPG-2029RouterFiber JumperOpticalLine SystemSR Optic
12、Transponder/MuxponderSR OpticFiber JumperTraditionalRouterFiber JumperOpticalLine System400Gb DCORouted Optical NetworkingReduced power,footprint,touch points 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveValue of Routed Optical Networking11BRKSPG-2029Massive NMassive Ne
13、 etwork twork SimplificationSimplification Integrated IP and Optical network with consistent topologies Simpler to engineer,add capacity and automate Simpler yet superior silicon and platform architecturesFull Full Services Services ConvergenceConvergenceL1,L2,L3 services,including high-speed privat
14、e linesOptimal traffic forwardingTransport SLAs and beyond(latency,security,disjointness)Improved Network Improved Network EfficiencyEfficiency More efficient use of wavelengths Statistical multiplexing More traffic aggregation leveraging routers Global traffic optimization(optional)2023 Cisco and/o
15、r its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRouted Optical Networking Considerations12BRKSPG-2029Many benefits of Routed Optical Networking come from IP/MPLS IP/MPLS optimizations:optimizations:Better economics of using DCO pluggables on routersIP intelligence,resiliency and better ef
16、ficiency(traffic aggregation)IP/MPLS multiserviceOptical layer still very importantvery important:Maximize fiber utilizationLong reachesTactical optical bypass where its a must.Keep it simple philosophy.Keep it simple philosophy.IP/MPLSRouting Layer 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserv
17、ed.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveNetwork topology considerationsBRKSPG-2029Fiber Topology14 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveNetwork topology considerationsBRKSPG-2029Fiber TopologyIP Topology Fiber TopologyTraditional multi-layer architecture15 2023 Cisco and/or it
18、s affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveThings are always more complicated.BRKSPG-2029IP TopologyLinks/AdjacenciesROADM TopologyWavelegth pathsFiber TopologyAll the way to ducts16 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveNetwork topology consideration
19、sBRKSPG-2029Fiber TopologyIP Topology Fiber TopologyTraditional multi-layer architecture17 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveNetwork topology considerationsBRKSPG-2029Fiber TopologyIP Topology Fiber TopologyTraditional multi-layer architectureDespite a shared
20、 Fiber topology,a traditional architecture has two(2)distinct topologies for the IP and Optical layers given its complex mesh of wavelengths18 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveNetwork topology considerationsBRKSPG-2029Fiber TopologyIP Topology Fiber Topology
21、Traditional multi-layer architectureDespite a shared Fiber topology,a traditional architecture has two(2)distinct topologies for the IP and Optical layers given its complex mesh of wavelengthsIP Topology=Fiber TopologyRON Architecture19 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Publ
22、ic#CiscoLiveDespite a shared Fiber topology,a traditional architecture has two(2)distinct topologies for the IP and Optical layers given its complex mesh of wavelengthsNetwork topology considerationsBRKSPG-2029Fiber TopologyIP Topology Fiber TopologyTraditional multi-layer architectureIP Topology=Fi
23、ber TopologyRON ArchitectureRON architecture aims at making optical and IP topologies congruent optical and IP topologies congruent which enables:Optimal traffic forwarding for applications,content and Internet peersHigher utilization of network assets,wavelengths and higher bit-rate wavelengths giv
24、en their shorter distances.Routers have direct visibility of optical performance and SRLGs.20 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveIP/MPLS Topology ScaleBRKSPG-2029RON Architecture:IP Topology=Fiber TopologyThree(3)IP hops between Routers A and E Traditional Arc
25、hitecture:IP Topology Fiber TopologyOne(1)IP hop between Routers A and E21 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveIP/MPLS Topology ScaleBRKSPG-2029RON Architecture:IP Topology=Fiber TopologyThree(3)IP hops between Routers A and E Traditional Architecture:IP Topolo
26、gy Fiber TopologyOne(1)IP hop between Routers A and EIf more IP routing nodes are required with RON:Typically affects only ROADM sites with traffic interest;Not sites with only Regens/ILAsNot sites with only Regens/ILAsIGP scale may or may not be affected(i.e.,LSDB);Depends on current node count&sca
27、le limitsManaging IGP scale is nothing new as multiple well-known techniques are available:1.Unified MPLS/Seamless MPLS using BGP labeled unicast2.Converged SDN Transport design using SR-PCE3.Multi-area/domain design using SRv6 route summarizationRegardless,more IP traffic switching is by design giv
28、en the cost&efficiency benefitsTraffic forwarding in the RON architecture may incur a higher IP hop count and may require more IP ports.However,this does not mean this does not mean more IP routing nodes more IP routing nodes are required22 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco
29、Public#CiscoLiveRisk of more regens or lower bit rateHigherLowerRON has lower risk of more DWDM regenerators due to shorter wavelength distancesIP/MPLS Network Capacity ExpansionCapacity ExpansionCapacity ExpansionTraditionalTraditionalArchitectureArchitectureRONRONArchitectureArchitectureNotesNotes
30、23BRKSPG-2029Must also consider if ROADM has spare degrees(not factored into the above)RON makes more efficient use of available fiber/capacity,helping delaying expansionsPotential touch pointsIP ports,TXP/MXPs,regens,fiber pairs(or L-band)IP ports,regens,fiber pairs(or L-band)RONs use of DCOs elimi
31、nates need for TXP/MXPsRisk of wavelength blocking(more fiber pairs/L-band)HigherLowerRON has lower risk due to less#of wavelengths 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveLeads to:Underutilized network assetsOver-investment in the physical infrastructureHigher cos
32、t per bitIP/MPLS Network Utilization24BRKSPG-2029Traditional ArchitectureTraditional architecture splits traffic onto dedicated IP ports and wavelengths toward distant routers(based on destination)Traditional Architecture:IP Topology Fiber Topology Uses more wavelengths per fiber span Uses less traf
33、fic aggregation Results in lower IP port/wavelength utilization Results in lower IP port/wavelength bit rates(due to longer distances)2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveDrives higher utilization of network assetsIncreases network efficiency which leads to a lo
34、wer cost per bitIP/MPLS Network Utilization25RON ArchitectureRON architecture aggregates traffic onto fewer IP ports/wavelengths on a given nodeRON Architecture:IP Topology=Fiber Topology Uses less wavelengths per fiber span Uses more traffic aggregation Results in higher IP port/wavelength utilizat
35、ion Results in higher IP port/wavelength bit rates(due to shorter distances)Traffic Engineering(TE)is not requiredHowever,use of TE and a Centralized(SDN)Controller can drive utilization even higherBRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveKey Technologie
36、s in RON IP/MPLS LayerMP-BGP and BGP-LSDiffServ QoSYANG model-driven programmability&telemetrySegment Routing(SR)and SR-TE(Traffic Engineering)Centralized(SDN)Controller with PCE(Path Computation Engine)PLE(Private Line Emulation)26BRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cis
37、co Public#CiscoLiveRouted Optical Networking and Segment RoutingSegment Routing(SR)is not mandatory for Routed Optical Networking.Classic IP/MPLS is supported as well.However,Routed Optical Networking will provide the best benefits when deployed over Segment Routing Both SR MPLS and SRv6 are support
38、edEach option has its own set of benefits(see later slides)27BRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveConverging services28BRKSPG-2029MP-BGP and SR enable a converged IP/MPLS network to support various services and SLAsPLE(Private Line Emulation)enables
39、IP packetization of Private Line and Wavelength ServicesNetwork ServicesNetwork ServicesTraditional architectureTraditional architectureRON ArchitectureRON ArchitectureServicesServicesSwitchingSwitchingServices Services Control PlaneControl PlaneServicesServicesSwitchingSwitchingServices Services Co
40、ntrol PlaneControl PlaneInternet(DIA)IP/MPLSMP-BGPT-LDPRSVP-TEVPWSVPLSIP/MPLSMP-BGPSRPLEMPLS(IP VPN)Ethernet(E-LAN,E-Line,E-Tree)Private Line(ODU0,ODU1,ODU2)OTN SwitchingGMPLSWavelength(e.g.,ODU4)ROADMWSON/SSONReference 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveMP-BG
41、P:Unified Service Overlay Control Plane 29BRKSPG-2029ServicesServicesMPMP-BGP Address FamilyBGP Address FamilyAFIAFISAFISAFINotesNotesInternet(DIA)IPv4 unicast11IPv6 unicast21IPv6 labeled unicast24IPv6 service over MPLS-based IPv4 networkMPLS(IP VPN)IPv4 VPN unicast1128IPv6 VPN unicast2128EthernetEV
42、PN(E-LAN)2570EVPN-VPWS(E-Line)2570Adds EVPN extended community L2 attributesEVPN(E-Tree)2570Adds E-Tree extended communityPrivate LineEVPN-VPWS(PLE)2570Adds PLE Attribute;Requires circuit-style TEWavelengthEVPN-VPWS(PLE)2570Adds PLE Attribute;Requires circuit-style TEOnly PLE is new with the RON arc
43、hitectureReference 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveSegment Routing(SR)at a glanceA programmatic IP source-routing architecture that provides the optimal balance between distributed intelligence and centralized controlNetwork simplificationReduces control pl
44、ane protocols(no LDP,no RSVP-TE)Delivery of all network services(IP,MPLS,Ethernet,Private Line,Wave)over IPAutomatic 50 ms protection(topology independent),automated traffic steeringVery scalableReduces core network state(no RSVP-TE tunnels required for TE/FRR)Enables route summarization between dom
45、ains/areas(SRv6),On-Demand BGP Next-hops(ODN)Advanced capabilitiesAdvanced TE(flow-based,ECMP-aware,multi-domain,disjointness,circuit-style)Network slicing,service chaining,data plane monitoring,delay performance monitoringBRKSPG-202930 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Publ
46、ic#CiscoLiveSegment Routing=Network SimplificationDoes more with less31BRKSPG-2029IGP/SRIGP/SRMP-BGPUnified MPLSIPIPServicesTransportMP-BGPT-LDPBGP-LURSVP-TEMPLS LDPIGPIPSimplifiedProtocol Stack 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveSRv6 Unique BenefitsEliminates
47、 numerous legacy protocols legacy protocols including LDP,RSVP-TE,BGP-LU,and MPLS OAMMaximizesMaximizes network scalescale enables IP route summarization between areas/domains unlike MPLSEndEnd-toto-endend applicability including WAN,Metro,xHaul,DC,Far/Near Edge,IoT,etc.Enables tight application int
48、eraction application interaction with the network,i.e.,application-driven network programmability as well as service function chainingOptimal ECMPECMP load balancing(no sub-optimal MPLS label hashing)Provides more QoSQoS markings for packet classification and drop profiles(6-bits versus 3-bits)Seaml
49、ess deployment Seamless deployment with classic IPv6 nodes For example,if no TE,Flex Algo or FRR,then core routers only need to support IPv6,and SRv6 is not requiredOptimal MTU efficiency MTU efficiency with micro-segment(uSID)Better NPU forwarding Better NPU forwarding pipeline resource allocation(
50、ECMP-FEC,FEC,EEDB)Better FIB scaling Better FIB scaling no ip2mpls,mpls2mpls,and mpls2ip entries“SRv6 allows for huge simplification and enables IPv6 to be self-sufficient.It also provides ultra-scale and end-to-end policy with IP summarization,stateless network programming,and native compression su
51、pporting a complete handset-to-server solution.”Clarence Filsfils,Cisco FellowReferencev6 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveSegment Routing Forwarding PlaneIngress edge router encodes forwarding instructions in packet headersEncoding is based on an ordered li
52、st of Segment IDs(one or more SIDs)SR-MPLS uses MPLS labels as SIDs(RFC 8660)SRv6 uses SRv6 segment routing header(RFC 8754)SIDs are distributed using IGP,MP-BGP and/or PCEPThe rest of the SR network forwards packets based on the encoded instructions(i.e.,SID-list).Ex.IGP shortest path,explicit path
53、s,TE policiesDifferent types of SIDs are available and may be combined in a SID-list:https:/www.iana.org/assignments/segment-routing/segment-routing.xhtmlBRKSPG-202933 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveSegment Routing Forwarding Examples 34BRKSPG-20291.Router
54、 A encodes to use IGP shortest path(default behavior)*Assumes all link IGP metrics equalPayloadSID-listc,ePayloadSID-listeReferencePayloadSID-liste2.Router A encodes to use an explicit path(SR-TE)via Router CNote,no stateful core tunnels required for the SR-TE explicit path used for 2023 Cisco and/o
55、r its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveMaximum Segment Depth(MSD)35BRKSPG-2029An SR explicit path is constrained by the maximum number of SIDs a router can impose onto a packet(i.e.,MSD)SR-PCE can determine the MSD capability of a router via IGP,BGP and PCEPTechniques are availab
56、le to resolve MSD constraints,e.g.,using Binding SIDs(BSID)BSID may be pre-programmed or automatically injected into the network by a PCEExample without BSID:SID-list imposed at Router A is Example with BSID:SID-list imposed at Router A is MPLSMPLSSIDSID-listlistSRv6 SRv6 uSIDuSID-listlistNCS 570012
57、26abdfhicegjkmlno 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveSR PCE(Path Computational Element)36BRKSPG-2029Head-end(e.g.,edge)router either computes explicit path itself or requests explicit path from a central(SDN)controller/SR-PCEController is ONLY required when lo
58、cal head-end computation is not possible:1.Multi-area/domain explicit path routing2.Explicit path routing with BW reservationsCentral controller enables:Better network utilization given global topology viewFaster network-wide convergence of explicit paths to target optimum on failureBetter PCE perfo
59、rmance using modern compute HWController/SRController/SR-PCEPCE 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveCircuit-Style Segment Routing(CS-SR)37BRKSPG-2029*Assumes all link IGP metrics equalIn order to deliver Private Line and Wavelength services,the IP network must
60、support circuit-style capabilities like a traditional architecture:Controller/SRController/SR-PCEPCECo-routed bi-directional pathControl plane independent persistencePath integrity monitoring with end-to-end path protection switchingNon-ECMP path with guaranteed latencyGuaranteed bandwidthController
61、/SR-PCE network abstraction layer 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLivePrivate Line Emulation(PLE)38BRKSPG-2029CS-SR provides the strict circuit-style TE required for supporting Private Line services over IPPLE provides the bit-stream IP packetization,clock sync
62、hronization and OAMFrom the outside PLE looks like an OTN circuitOn the inside its packet switching!EVPN-VPWS is the proposed MP-BGP based signaling protocol and VPWS demultiplexing mechanism for PLE bit-stream servicesPLE Bit transparent(100%control protocol transparent)Multi-protocol(OTN,SONET/SDH
63、,Ethernet,FibreChannel)SyncE,no MTU limitsEVPN-VPWS MP-BGP EVPN mechanism for Point-to-Point VPWS services Extensions added(PLE attribute)to support delivery of bit-stream servicesCircuit-Style SR(CS-SR)Guaranteed bandwidth Persistent,co-routed,bi-directional paths 1:1 End-to-end path protection and
64、 restoration 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLivePrivate Line Emulation(PLE)39BRKSPG-2029CS-SR(SR-TE)SR-MPLS or SRv6 pathMapping the VPWS to a suitable pathEVPN-VPWSPSN headerRTP timestampControl wordpayloadstructure agnostic emulation packetAttachment circuit(
65、OTN,SONET/SDH,Ethernet)Common clock(frequency)via SyncE,PTP or BITSBITS inBITS inSyncEPTPDCRDCR differential clock recoveryCS-SR circuit-style SR policyEncaptimestampDecapTx clockAttachment circuit(OTN,SONET/SDH,Ethernet)Bit-stream packetizationBit-stream de-packetizationSource:BRKOPT-1005Reference
66、2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLivePLE Architecture40BRKSPG-2029Customer premisesCentral office/POPR1R2Customer premisesCentral office/POPR1R2Converged packet network(CS-SR and RON)NIDCPECPENIDNIDCPENIDCPECPENIDNIDCPEPLE PW over CS-SRPLE PW over CS-SRPLER1/R2
67、SR LSR(XR platform of choice)2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLivePLER1/R2 SR LSR(XR platform of choice)PLE Architecture41BRKSPG-2029Customer premisesCentral office/POPR1R2Customer premisesCentral office/POPR1R2Converged packet network(CS-SR and RON)NIDCPECPENID
68、NIDCPENIDCPECPENIDNIDCPEPLE PW over CS-SRPLE PW over CS-SRFree router platform choicePay as you grow investment in COSimple,flat and scalable control plane 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLivePLER1/R2 SR LSR(XR platform of choice)COE:Crosswork Optimization Engi
69、nePLE Control Plane Architecture42BRKSPG-2029Customer premisesCentral office/POPR1R2Customer premisesCentral office/POPR1R2Converged packet network(CS-SR and RON)NIDCPECPENIDNIDCPENIDCPEPLECPENIDNIDCPEPLE PW over CS-SRPLE PW over CS-SRBGP EPEBGP EPEISISBGP EPEBGP EPEPCEPCEPPCEP 2023 Cisco and/or its
70、 affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLivePLE payload types43BRKSPG-2029SONET/SDHSONET/SDHOTNOTNEthernetEthernetFibre ChannelFibre ChannelODU01GEFC100OC48/STM16ODU1FC200FC400FC800OC192/STM64ODU2/ODU2e10GEFC1600FC3200ODU4100GE1Gbps100GbpsFutureReference 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.Al
71、l rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveCircuit-Style Protection&RestorationTraditional architectures allow for a variety of protection and restoration schemes at the optical layerFor example:1+1,1:1,N:1,1+R,1+1+R,1:1+R,etc.Of course,deploying protection(1+1,1:1)at both layers multiplies network cap
72、acity requirements which is inefficient and would contribute to an over-investment of the physical infrastructure and a higher cost per bitExample of network inefficiencies in the next slide44BRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveThe snowball effect45
73、BRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveXXCP pref=20(protect)CP pref=30(working)CP pref=10dynamic path(restore)disjointPolicy1XPolicy2disjointProtection&Restoration for PLE Services46BRKSPG-2029Private Line and Wavelength1:1+R protection&restorationXCP
74、pref=10dynamic path(restore)CP pref=20(working)1:1 with Edge node protection1+R restoration1:1 protectionXCP pref=10(protect)CP pref=20(working)disjointsinglefiber pairMulti-homing using a single fiber pair(BiDi,DCO)Faster restoration compared to DWDM layerCPEEstablished,activeEstablished,failedon-d
75、emand,activePE1PE2PE1PE2PE1PE2PE1PE2PE3PE4Faster restoration compared to DWDM layerX 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive50 ms restoration for link,node and SRLG failures using TI-LFA FRRSimple to operate and understand;Automatically computed by the SR-enabled
76、IGPNo stateful core tunnels required100%topology coverageOptimum:backup path follows the post-convergence pathCan co-exist with other protection schemes(e.g.,PLE circuit-style)Protection&Restoration for Packet Services47BRKSPG-2029Internet,MPLS and EthernetPath before failureTI-LFA backup path(SID l
77、ist at G is)Post-convergence path 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveWith a traditional architecture,IP layer has no Optical topology awarenessIP layer MUST rely on L1 wavelength planning to avoid activeactive&backupbackup paths using SRLGIncreases risk of SRL
78、G eventsShared Risk Link Group(SRLG)Considerations48BRKSPG-2029Traditional Architecture:IP Topology Fiber TopologyIP/MPLS layer“unaware”of L1 paths 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveWith RON,IP and Optical topologies are congruentIP layer able to guarantee di
79、sjoint activeactive&backupbackup paths reduces risk of SRLG eventsIncludes failure and/or maintenance events that affect activeactive&backupbackup paths simultaneouslyFiber TopologyShared Risk Link Group(SRLG)Considerations49BRKSPG-2029RON Architecture:IP Topology=Fiber TopologyIP/MPLS layer“aware”o
80、f L1 paths 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveTraditional Architecture:IP Topology Fiber TopologyIn general,the speed of light(i.e.,fiber distance)determines network latencyTraditional architecture lacks IP awareness of the optical topology which may result in
81、 sub-optimal traffic forwarding(e.g.,DC/Internet peer selection)and higher latencyTraffic Forwarding for Apps,Content&Peering50BRKSPG-2029Sites C,E and H are DCs/Internet Peering Interconnects withFALSE proximity to Site A(1 IP hop but higher distance/latency)2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rig
82、hts reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveRON architecture enables optimal forwarding and DC/Internet peer selection given IP awareness of the optical topologyImproves application performance,lowers latency and reduces backhaul bandwidthEnables optimal placement of applications,content and Internet peering
83、SR-TE also enables SLA policies that can be tailored for service/application needsFiber TopologyTraffic Forwarding for Apps,Content&Peering51BRKSPG-2029RON Architecture:IP Topology=Fiber TopologySites B and G are DCs/Internet Peering Interconnects withTRUE proximity to Site A(1 IP hop with shorter d
84、istance/lower latency)2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveManagement of DCO transceivers in routersDCO management is like a traditional transponder:Same configuration knobs configuration knobs with fewer options Same performance data performance data informatio
85、n for optical interface and DSPDifference is now the coherent interface is in the IP routerConfiguration modes Configuration modes allow for easier operationsLogical separation Logical separation of functional blocksDifferent optical channel speedsoptical channel speeds,different logical links logic
86、al links 52BRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive400Gbps Pluggable DCOs configuration parameters53BRKSPG-2029400ZR400ZROpenZR+(Cisco example)OpenZR+(Cisco example)Client Speed(logical links)1x400,4x1001x400,4x100,3x100,2x100,1x100Trunk Speed400G400G,3
87、00G,200G,1x100FrequencyC-Band,196.1 To 191.3 THzC-Band,196.1 To 191.3 THzFECcFECoFEC,cFECModulation16QAM16QAM,8QAM,QPSKDAC-Rate1x11x1.25(oFEC),1x1(cFEC)Chromatic Dispersion(CD)-2400 to+ to+160000Transmitted(Tx)PowerBased on the module capabilityBased on the module capabilityReference 2023
88、 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive400G DCO Provisioning using configuration modes54BRKSPG-2029DCO OptionDCO OptionOperational ModeOperational ModeLine RateLine RateFEC TypeFEC TypeModulationModulationBaud RateBaud RatePulse ShapingPulse Shaping400ZR50035003400cFE
89、C16QAM59.84No400G OpenZR+50045004400cFEC16QAM59.84No50055005400oFEC16QAM60.14Yes50065006400oFEC16QAM60.14No50075007300oFEC8QAM60.14Yes50085008300oFEC8QAM60.14No50095009200oFECQPSK60.14Yes50105010200oFECQPSK60.14No50115011200oFEC8QAM40.10Yes50125012200oFEC16QAM30.08Yes50135013100oFECQPSK30.08NoSingle
90、 integer valueReference 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveDCO performance management(PM)parameters55BRKSPG-2029PM ParametersPM ParametersDescriptionDescriptionCDChromatic dispersionDGDDifferential group delayLBCLaser bias current in mAFREQ-OFFLow signal frequ
91、ency offset in MhzOPROptical power RX in uW or dbmOPTOptical power TX in uW or dbmOSNROptical signal-to-noise ratio in dBPCRPolarization change ratePDLPolarization dependent lossRX-SIGReceiving signal power uW or dbmSNRSignal-to-noise ratioSOPMDSecond order polarization mode dispersionPM ParametersP
92、M ParametersDescriptionDescriptionQQ factorQ-marginQ marginEC-BITSError corrected bitsPostFEC BERPost forward error correction bit error ratePreFEC BERPre forward error correction bit error rateUC-WORDSUncorrected wordsOptics PM Coherent DSP PM Pluggable DCO transceivers provide detailed visibility
93、of optical transport performance and fiber quality directly to the router(or host).Reference 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveHow to manage and configure DCO transceiverswithout CLI?Much more data to manage(configuration and operational)Transport operations
94、require visual toolsEnd goal is automation,i.e.,must be friendly for machine-to-machine communicationOperators are embracing open/standard management frameworks56BRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveYANG language,NETCONF and RESTCONF protocolsConsens
95、us based data models,hackatons,catalogAbstraction and Control of Traffic Engineered Networks framework(ACTN see next slides)Open management and automation initiatives57BRKSPG-2029Common data models(covers DCO pluggables)gRPC management protocolSubscription based streaming telemetryVendor neutral tes
96、ting and compliance Over 30 companiesWebscales and CSPsYANG models for disaggregated DWDM systems(covers DCO pluggables),RPCs and device templatesController based archtiecture(see next slides)MANTRA subgroupAims to build an end-to-end reference network architecture based on Open Optical Networks(OON
97、)Enabling“new generation”IPoDWDM with DCO 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveOpenConfig DCO model logical view58BRKSPG-2029Full DCO programmability example using NETCONF:https:/xrdocs.io/design/blogs/zr-openconfig-mgmt 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All righ
98、ts reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveAdditional considerationsLogical split of DCO allows different groups to configure and manage them individually:Ex:Transport Coherent DSP and OpticsIP Logical interfaces(Ethernet)Same applies to connecting components to different toolsExporting data from different n
99、odes in the data model to different subscribersThis is not a solution for the past closed/proprietary systems,but for the present and the future based on open systems59BRKSPG-2029 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveOIF Transport SDN-Compliant Architecture60BRK
100、SPG-2029IP NetworkDWDM NetworkMulti-Domain Controller/End-to-End Services OrchestrationServices AssuranceDCOOSS/BSSNETCONF/YANGgNMI/YANGNETCONF/YANGgNMI/YANGPCEP,BGP-LSNETCONF/YANGONF T-API,OpenROADMNETCONF/YANGRESTCONFIP Network ControllerOptical Network ControllerNETCONF/RESTCONFEMSSNMP,SYSLOG,NET
101、CONFgNMI,SNMP,CLIOpen InterfacesCommon,Unified APICommon,Unified APISummary 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveDesigning Routed Optical NetworksIP/MPLS Routing Layer ConsiderationsRON is made possible by recent innovations and open standards in both the IP/MPL
102、S and Optical layersRON works on a classical IP/MPLS infrastructure;however,it delivers the best results on a programmable SR network which enables mass simplification,scale and service convergencePrivate Line and Wavelength service requirements are well addressed by PLE Operators can start today by
103、 leveraging 400G DCO transceivers in IP routers and preparing for an evolution to an IP-centric traffic switching architecture62BRKSPG-2029Summary 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveService convergence using a single IP/MPLS networkImproved failure protection&
104、restoration and reduced risk of SRLG eventsOptimal traffic forwarding for applications and contentKey Takeaways63BRKSPG-2029RON is a new architecture vision that greatly improves the economics and efficiency of networking including:IP/MPLS awareness of the optical network and its performance Higher
105、utilization of network assets Simplified network architecture&capacity expansionRON ArchitectureRON ArchitectureSingle Switching Layer(IP)Single Switching Layer(IP)Service ConvergenceService Convergence 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveFill out your session
106、surveys!Attendees who fill out a minimum of four session surveys and the overall event survey will get Cisco Live-branded socks(while supplies last)!64BRKSPG-2029These points help you get on the leaderboard and increase your chances of winning daily and grand prizesAttendees will also earn 100 point
107、s in theCisco Live Challenge for every survey completed.2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicContinue your educationVisit the Cisco Showcase for related demosBook your one-on-oneMeet the Engineer meetingAttend the interactive education with DevNet,Capture the Flag,and Wal
108、k-in LabsVisit the On-Demand Library for more sessions at www.CiscoL you#CiscoLive 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLive67Gamify your Cisco Live experience!Get points Get points for attending this session!for attending this session!Open the Cisco Events App.Clic
109、k on Cisco Live Challenge in the side menu.Click on View Your Badges at the top.Click the+at the bottom of the screen and scan the QR code:How:123467 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights reserved.Cisco PublicBRKSPG-2029#CiscoLiveResources&References 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights
110、 reserved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveResourcesACG Research The Economic Benefits of IP Transport at 400Ghttps:/ Routed Optical Networking(RON)https:/ VPN(EVPN):www.e-vpn.ioIDC InfoBrief:Routed Optical Networkinghttps:/ Routing(SR):www.segment-BRKSPG-202970 2023 Cisco and/or its affiliates.All rights rese
111、rved.Cisco Public#CiscoLiveReferencesViscardi,V.(2020).Converging IP and Optical Networks.BRKOPT-2405.Cisco Live(Barcelona).Circuit-Style SR(CS-SR)policieshttps:/datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-schmutzer-pce-cs-sr-policyhttps:/datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-sidor-pce-circuit-style-pcep-exte
112、nsionsSchmutzer,C.(2022).High Value Wavelength/Private Line Services Understanding the Customer and Provider Perspective.BRKOPT-1005.Cisco Live(Las Vegas).Private Line Emulation(PLE)https:/datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-schmutzer-bess-plehttps:/datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-schmutzer-bess-ple-vpws-signallingCisco 8000:Configuring 400G Digital Coherent Optics(DCO)https:/