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1、Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)Emerging targets in Cancer therapyIntroduction:Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the abnormal growth and spread of cells in the body that arises due to genetic mutations and environmental factors.It has been a major cause of morbidity and morta
2、lity worldwide,with an estimated 10 million deaths in 2020 alone.Currently,the two major approaches used for cancer treatment include targeted therapy and non-targeted therapy.Non-targeted therapy,also known as conventional chemotherapy,involves the use of cytotoxic drugs that kill both cancerous an
3、d healthy cells.Non-targeted therapy,while less specific in its targeting,can be effective in treating certain types of cancer.It is also generally less expensive than targeted Targeted therapy,on the other hand,uses drugs that specifically target cancer cells while sparing healthy cells.One of the
4、main advantages of targeted therapy is its ability to selectively target cancer cells,resulting in fewer side effects than non-targeted therapy.Targeted therapy can also be more effective at killing cancer cells,as it can exploitspecific genetic or molecular vulnerabilities in cancer cells.Additiona
5、lly,targetedtherapy can sometimes be used in combination with non-targeted therapy,such as chemotherapy,to enhance its effectiveness.Targeted therapy has been an industry standard in specific cancer treatments with the firsttargeted therapy being approved as early as 1970s when tamoxifen was approve
6、d for thetreatment of ER-positive breast cancer.Since then,multiple new targets have beendiscovered for cancer treatment with multiple drugs attaining blockbuster sales.For the identification of potential cancer targets,primary data source utilized for the reportwas the AdisInsight database( drug pr
7、ofilescreated each year from 2012 to 2022 were analysed to identify the trends in cancer targetselection across the years.Some of the well-renowned cancer targets identified from the research are as follows:Introduction to selected established targets:Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)/Programmed
8、 death ligand-1(PD-L1):PD-L1 is aprotein expressed by some cancer cells that binds to its receptor,PD-1,on immune cells,thus inhibiting the immune systems ability to recognize and attack the cancer cells.As aresult,drugs that target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway have become an important class of cancerimmu
9、notherapy.PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors block the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1,thereby allowing the immune system to attack and kill cancer cells more effectively.Someexamples of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors include,Pembrolizumab(Keytruda),Nivolumab(Opdivo),Atezolizumab(Tecentriq),Durvalumab(Imfinzi)and Avel
10、umab(Bavencio)amongothers.PD-L1 target has been one of the most explored target in cancer research.As perAdisInsight database,since 2021,more 130 candidates have been created which acts bytargeting PD-L1.Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR):EGFR is a protein that is overexpressed in sometypes of c
11、ancer,including lung cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreatic cancer.EGFR plays a pivotal role in cell growth,proliferation,and survival,and drugs that targetEGFR have emerged as an important class of targeted therapy in cancer treatment.EGFRinhibitors block the activity of EGFR,thereby inhibiting ca
12、ncer cell growth and survival.Some notable examples of EGFR inhibitors include Erlotinib(Tarceva),Gefitinib(Iressa),Afatinib(Gilotrif),Cetuximab(Erbitux)and Panitumumab(Vectibix).Between the periodof 2021 and 2023 almost a hundred antineoplastic candidates have been developed whichtarget this recept
13、or.Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF):VEGF is a protein that plays a critical role in theformation of blood vessels.Cancer cells need a blood supply to grow and spread,and VEGFstimulates the growth of new blood vessels through angiogenesis.Inhibiting VEGF can helpto cut off the blood supply to
14、 cancer cells and slow down tumor growth.Several drugs havebeen developed that target VEGF,including bevacizumab,ramucirumab,and aflibercept.Tubulin:Tubulin is a protein that is essential for the formation of microtubules,which arestructural components of cells that help to maintain cell shape,enabl
15、e cell division,andfacilitate intracellular transport.Several drugs,known as microtubule inhibitors,have beendeveloped that target tubulin and disrupt the formation and function of microtubulesincluding paclitaxel,docetaxel,and vincristine.Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2(ERBB-2/HER-2):ERBB2,
16、also known as HER2,is aprotein that is involved in cell growth and division.It is overexpressed in some types ofcancer which can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and division,a hallmark of cancer.Someof the drugs identified to target the receptor include trastuzumab,pertuzumab,andlapatinib,which are
17、 used to treat breast and gastric cancer.2Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)Phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K):Phosphoinositide 3-kinases(PI3Ks)are enzymes thatplay a key role in cell signaling pathways that control cell growth,survival,and metabolism.Mutations in PI3K genes can result in unco
18、ntrolled cell growth and division,contributing tothe development and progression of cancer.Some of the drugs which inhibit PI3K includeidelalisib and duvelisib.Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-):Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-)promotes cancercell growth and survival by activating signaling pathways
19、that promote cell proliferation andinhibit cell death.Some of the drugs include lenalidomide among others.Several otherdrugs have been developed that target TNF-which are used to treat inflammatory diseasessuch as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease.Glucocorticoid:Glucocorticoids are
20、 a class of steroid hormones that are naturally producedby the bodys adrenal glands.In cancer,glucocorticoids have been found to have anti-cancereffects,particularly in the treatment of blood cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma.Glucocorticoids work by inducing cancer cell death and inhibiting the
21、proliferation of cancercells.Several glucocorticoid drugs,such as prednisone,dexamethasone,andmethylprednisolone,are used in cancer treatment.Interferon alfa(INF-):Interferon alpha plays a key role in the immune response to viralinfections and cancer.It is naturally produced by the body and can also
22、 be artificiallysynthesized and administered as a medication.It can inhibit the growth and spread ofcancer cells and activate the immune system to attack cancer cells.Mammalian Target of Rapamycin(mTOR)protein:mTOR(mechanistic target of rapamycin)is a protein that plays a key role in the regulation
23、of cell growth,proliferation,and survival.Itis involved in multiple signaling pathways that control these processes and is oftendysregulated in cancer cells.Several drugs that target mTOR have been developed andapproved for the treatment of various types of cancer including rapamycin(also known assi
24、rolimus)and its analogs everolimus and temsirolimus.Trend analysis of selected well-established targets across 2012-2022:The data extracted from the AdisInsight database for the period of 2012 to 2022,demonstrated that all the established targets included in the research maintained a steadynumber of
25、 candidates across the years.3Yearwise new profiles created for well established targetsTargetsYear20000212022PD-131253524PD-L42366951Tubulin3614152414VEGF6526202616EGFR41534214737ERBB2824242330PI3K554
26、28563446TNF-alpha595149585632GlucocorticoidINF-alphamTOR Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)PD-L1 remained the most prominent target in research accounting for more than 250candidates.EGFR was the second most actively researched candidate with roughly 241 new candidates
27、 being developed followed by VEGF and ERBB-2.INF-alpha had the least new profile counts across the years.In 2022,a similar trend was observed with PD-L1remaining the target with most new profiles being created followed by EGFR and ERBB-2.Thus,it is evident that the research on all the well-establish
28、ed candidates across the last 10years is progressing in a steady state with a rise in the number of candidates in the last fewyears.This goes to show that despite the targets being well established and thoroughlyresearched the companies are confident to churn out new candidates which may helpresolve
29、 or enhance the activity of currently approved candidates with the same target.Despite significant progress in cancer treatment and ongoing active research in well-established targets in recent years,there is a need for new targets to improve theefficacy of current therapies and develop new treatmen
30、ts.In recent years,emerging targets for cancer have been identified that show promise in the development of newtherapies.In the following section,we will discuss some of these selected emerging targets for cancer as AdisInsight database.Year-wise analysis of selected targets with a rising interest a
31、cross 2012-2022:As per the information on newly created profiles for antineoplastic drugs across 2012 to2022,in AdisInsight database,some selected targets which were already identified or havebeen in active research lately have been identified.The targets selected demonstrated anincreasing trend in
32、the recent years.A few of the selected targets identified included KRASprotein,CD19,CD47,CD3,TACSTD2 protein,Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase,TIGIT protein,CLDN-18 protein,GPC3 protein,MPYS protein and Mesothelin protein.4007020000212022Number of candidatesYearw
33、ise trend analysis of selected well establishedcancer targets PD-1PD-L1TubulinVEGFEGFRERBB2PI3KTNF-alphaGlucocorcoid INF-alphamTOR proteinEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)5Additional information regarding each target as well as their respective trend analysis in the past ten years is as fo
34、llows:Kirsten Rat Sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS):KRAS is a gene that encodes for KRAS protein which is involved in cell signaling pathways that control cell growth and division.Mutations in KRAS are commonly found in many types of cancer,including lung cancer,pancreatic cancer,and colorectal c
35、ancer,making it a promising target for cancer treatment.CD19:CD19(cluster of differentiation 19)is a protein found on the surface of B cells,a typeof immune cell that plays a role in the development of several types of blood cancers,including B-cell lymphomas and leukemias.CD19 is a promising target
36、 for cancer therapybecause it is expressed specifically on B cells.The most common approach for targetingCD19 in cancer therapy is through the use of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T-cell therapy.CD3:CD3(cluster of differentiation 3)is a protein found on the surface of T cells,a type ofimmune cell th
37、at plays a critical role in the immune response to cancer.CD3 is a promisingtarget for cancer therapy because it is expressed specifically on T cells and is not found onother types of cells.CD47:CD47 Cluster of differentiation 47(CD47)is a trans-membrane protein overexpressedon many types of tumor c
38、ells.It is a cell surface glycoprotein molecule,belonging to theimmunoglobulin superfamily,binding to various proteins including integrin,thrombospondin-1,and signal regulatory protein (SIRP)which helps in evasion ofimmune surveillance via the blockade of phagocytic mechanisms.TACSTD2 protein:Tumor-
39、associated calcium signal transducer 2 also known as humantrophoblastic cell surface antigen 2(Trop-2)is a transmembrane calcium signal transducerhighly expressed in multiple tumor types on the membrane surface of epithelial cells.Whenoverexpressed,Trop-2 acts as an oncogene promoting tumor prolifer
40、ation,growth,invasion,and metastasis in epithelial cancers.Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP):Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase is an enzyme thatcatalyze the addition of poly(ADP-ribose)thereby assisting in DNA damage repair.This DNArepair mechanism is utilized by cancer cells for repairing their DNA once th
41、ey have beendamaged by other chemotherapy agents.The candidates targeting PARP block the DNArepair mechanism of these oncogenic cells.TIGIT protein:T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domain(TIGIT),also known as V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 9(VSIG9)or V-set and t
42、ransmembrane domain-containing protein 3(VSTM3)is an Ig-like V-typetransmembrane domain which is highly expressed in cancer cells and helps in evasion from innate immune cells.Claudin18(CLDN-18)protein:Claudin18 also known as CLDN18 protein is a highly selective biomarker with limited expression in
43、normal tissues and abnormal expression in malignant tumors.The protein participates in the proliferation,differentiation,and migration of tumor cells.Glypican 3(GPC3)protein:GPC3 protein is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan which is highlyexpressed in liver cancer,melanoma,and other tumours.The overexp
44、ression of the proteinleads to poor prognosis with rapid progression in cancer.MPYS protein:MPYS protein also known as Stimulator of interferon genes(STING)proteinplays a major role in the immune system by sensing the presence of foreign DNA andactivating the production of interferons and other immu
45、ne molecules to fight off infectionsand cancer cells.The target is being actively researched and developed as a promising newtarget for the treatment of cancer.Mesothelin protein:Mesothelin is a protein that is overexpressed in several types of cancer,including mesothelioma,ovarian cancer,pancreatic
46、 cancer,and lung adenocarcinoma.Because of its high expression in cancer cells and low expression in normal tissues,mesothelin has been investigated as a potential target for cancer Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)6Trend analysis of selected emerging targets across 2012-2022:CD-3 as a tar
47、get had the highest new profiles created among the analysed emerging targetsbetween 2012 to 2022.CD-19 contained the second highest new profile counts followed byKRAS.Roughly 68%of all the new profiles created targeting CD3 were created in the last fouryears.A similar trend was observed for CD-19,wh
48、ere 76%of the new profiles created werecovered in the last four years.GPC-3 protein had the lowest total newly created profilecounts among the selected targets.In 2022,CD-3 had the highest newly created profilesfollowed by KRAS and CD-19.Yearwise new profiles created foremerging targetsTargetsYear20
49、000212022KRAS002CD25393327CD47926CD32514444TACSTD2000000321912PARP000142254123TIGIT0000363971611CLDN-02116GPC3000000213811MPYS001137713989Mesothelin513As per the year-wise trend of selected emerging ta
50、rgets,a snapshot of a few highly focusedtargets across pharma companies is clearer.All the selected emerging targets seems to showa positive interest across pharma companies with the most interest picking up in the lastfour years.We can expect more targets being added to the list in the subsequent y
51、ears ascompanies try to outcompete each other with continuous innovation and research.-550000212022Number of candidatesYearwise trend of selected new emerging targetsin cancerKRASCD19CD47CD3TACSTD2PARPTIGITCLDN-18GPC3MPYSMesothelinEmerging Targets:Cancer T
52、herapy(April 2023)7List of a few emerging targets in the last two years (Jan 2021-April 2023):Few of the targets were identified based on recent publication and ongoing active researchand were compared with the AdisInsight database to identify their associated newly createdprofiles along with their
53、additional information such as drug class,developer,developmentstage,indication,mechanism of action etc.The list of targets along with their associatedprofiles created from 1st January 2021 till April 2023 are as follows:Legend:Drug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopment stageSpecific IndicationTarget/M
54、OACadherinAMG 305ABAmgenPreclinicalSolid tumoursCadherin-targets;Mesothelin-protein-targetCUSP 06ADCMultitude Therapeutics/OnCusp TherapeuticsPreclinicalSolid tumoursDNA topoisomerase I inhibitorsCD39SNS 103ABSensei BiotherapeuticsPreclinicalSolid tumoursCD39 antigen inhibitorsPUR 001ABPurinomia Bio
55、techPhase ISolid tumoursCD39 antigen inhibitorsAB 598ABArcus BiosciencesPreclinicalCancerCD39 antigen inhibitorsAntibodyABOncolytic virusOVRecombinant-fusion-proteinsRFPBacteriaBATCell therapyCTOligonucleotideOLGGene therapyGTNucleic acidsNADiagnostic agentDARecombinantproteinsRPVaccineVACAntibody d
56、rug conjugateADCSmall moleculeSMUnspecifiedUSPPeptidesPTDrug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopment stageSpecific IndicationTarget/MOAOri A631ABOriCell TherapeuticsPreclinicalSolid tumours5-nucleotidase inhibitors,CD39 antigen inhibitorsBP 1202ABBrightPath BiotherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerCD39 antigen in
57、hibitorsBP 1212ABBrightPath BiotherapeuticsResearchCancerCD39-antigen-targets;HAVCR2-protein-targetPM 1038ABBiotheusResearchCancerCD39 antigen inhibitorsPM 1086ABBiotheusPreclinicalCancerCD39-antigen-targets;Undefined-Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)8Drug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopmen
58、t stageSpecific IndicationTarget/MOACEACAM ProteinYB 200ABYmmunobioPreclinicalMalignant melanoma,Solid tumoursCD66 antigen inhibitors,CEACAM5 protein inhibitorsCT 109ADCStromatis PharmaPreclinicalCancerCEACAM5-protein-targets;CEACAM6-protein-targetsM 9140ADCMerckPhase IColorectal cancerDNA topoisome
59、rase I inhibitors,CEACAM5-protein-targetsCT109 SN38ADCStromatis PharmaPreclinicalColorectal cancer,Pancreatic cancerCEACAM5-protein-targets;CEACAM6-protein-targetsNILK 3301ABLamKap BioPreclinicalSolid tumoursCD28 antigen stimulants,CEACAM5-protein-targets;Neonatal-Fc-receptor-targetsCRBN proteinWEE1
60、 proteinkinasedegraderSMDegronTherapeuticsResearchCancerCRBN protein modulators,WEE1 protein modulatorsGT 19715SMSuzhou KintorPharmaceuticalsPreclinicalAcute myeloidleukaemiaCRBN protein modulators,Peptide-chain-release factor 3 modulators,Proto oncogene protein c-mycinhibitors,Ubiquitin protein lig
61、asemodulatorsGSPT1degraderSMDegronTherapeuticsResearchCancerCRBN protein modulators,Peptide-chain-release factor 3 degradersResearchprogramme:molecular gluedegradercancertherapeuticsSMDegronTherapeuticsResearchCancerCRBN protein modulators,ProteolysisGT 19630SMSuzhou KintorPharmaceuticalsPreclinical
62、Small cell lung cancer,HaematologicalmalignanciesCRBN protein modulators,Peptide-chain-release factor 3 modulators,Proto oncogene protein c-mycinhibitors,Ubiquitin protein ligasemodulatorsCC 91633USPCelgeneCorporationPhase IMyelodysplasti csyndromes,Acutemyeloid leukaemiaCRBN protein modulators,Ubiq
63、uitinprotein ligase complex modulatorsTQB 3820USPChia Tai TianqingPharmaceutical GroupPhase IMultiple myeloma,Non-HodgkinslymphomaCRBN protein modulatorsCasein kinase1 alphadegraderSMBristol-MyersSquibbPhase IHaematologicalmalignanciesCasein kinase lalpha degraders,CRBNprotein modulators,Proteolysis
64、,Ubiquitin protein ligasecomplex modulatorsCTHRC proteinIDC 003ABPrestigeBioPharmaResearchSolid tumoursCTHRC1 protein modulators,Immune checkpoint proteininhibitorsIDC 005ABPrestigeBioPharmaResearchSolid tumoursCTHRC1 protein modulators,Vascularendothelial growth factors inhibitorsIDC 001ABPrestigeB
65、ioPharmaResearchPancreatic cancer,Ovarian cancerCTHRC1 protein modulators,PAUFprotein inhibitorsEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)9Drug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopment stageSpecific IndicationTarget/MOAIKZF proteinPVTX 405USPProteovantTherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerIKZF2 protein degradersR
66、esearchprogramme:IKZF2targetingtherapeuticsUSPProteovantTherapeuticsResearchCancerIKZF2 protein degradersResearchprogramme:IKZF2targetingtherapeuticsSMPlexiumResearchCancerIKZF2 protein degradersKPG 419SMKangpuBiopharmaceuticalsPreclinicalCancerIKZF1 protein degraders,IKZF3 protein degraders,Ubiquit
67、in protein ligase complexmodulatorsBTX 1050SMBioTheryXResearchCancerIKZF2 protein degradersKita-kyushu lung cancer antigenZI KL1 1CTZellunaImmunotherapyPreclinicalLung cancer,Pancreaticcancer,Breast cancer,Gastric cancer,CervicalcancerKIta-kyushu-lung-cancer-antigen-1-targets,Immunologic cytotoxicit
68、y,Natural killer cell replacements821 TCRCTT-CurePreclinicalSolid tumoursKIta-kyushu-lung-cancer-antigen-1-targets,Immunologic cytotoxicity,T lymphocyte replacementsCT83 directedbispecificantibodyABGritstone bioPreclinicalSolid tumoursCD3-antigen-targets;KIta-kyushu-lung-cancer-antigen-1-targetsLILR
69、B proteinResearchprogramme:dualantagonistantibodiesABOncoResponsePreclinicalCancerLeukocyte immunoglobulin-likereceptor B1 inhibitors,LILRB2 protein inhibitorsOR 502ABOncoResponsePreclinicalCancerLILRB2 protein inhibitorsYTS 104CTChinaImmunotechPhase IAcute myeloidleukaemia,SolidtumoursLILRB4-protei
70、n-targetsNGM 936RFPNGMBiopharmaceuticalsPreclinicalMultiple myeloma,Acute myeloidleukaemiaCD3-antigen-targets;LILRB4-protein-targetsCDX 585ABCelldexTherapeutics IncPreclinicalSolid tumoursLILRB2 protein inhibitors,Programmed cell death-1ligand-1 inhibitorsIO 312ABImmune-OncTherapeuticsPreclinicalCan
71、cerLILRB4 protein inhibitors,CD3-antigen-targetsJTX 1484ABJounceTherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerLILRB4 protein inhibitorsAnti-ILT4biologictherapeuticUSPBristol-MyersSquibbPhase ISolid tumoursLILRB2 protein inhibitorsCHS 1000ABCoherusBioSciencesPreclinicalSolid tumoursLILRB2 protein inhibitors,Macrophag
72、e stimulantsNGM 831ABNGMBiopharmaceuticalsPhase ISolid tumoursLILRB4 protein Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)10Drug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopment stageSpecific IndicationTarget/MOALILRB proteinBND 35ABBiond BiologicsPreclinicalSolid tumoursLILRB4 protein inhibitors,Myeloid-cell-targe
73、tsAnti ILT3chimericantigenreceptor T celltherapyCTCarbiogeneTherapeuticsPhase IAcute myeloidleukaemiaLILRB4-protein-targetsResearchprogramme:leukocyteimmunoglobulinlike receptor Bfamily-targetedimmunotherapeuticsUSPJounceTherapeuticsResearchCancerLILRB4-protein-targets;Leukocyte-immunoglobulin-like-
74、receptor-B1-targetsLNIR proteinBA 3361ADCBioAtlaCancerLNIR-protein-targetsHLX 44ADCShanghai HenliusBiotechPreclinicalSolid tumoursLNIR-protein-targetsHLX 309ABShanghai HenliusBiotechPreclinicalSolid tumoursCD137 antigen antagonists,LNIR-protein-targetsCRB 701ADCCSPCPharmaceutical GroupPhase IUrogeni
75、tal cancer,SolidtumoursLNIR-protein-targetsJS 114ADCShanghai JunshiBiosciencesPreclinicalSolid tumoursLNIR-protein-targetsNectin-4 TRAACADCTallacTherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerLNIR-protein-targets,Toll-like receptor 9 agonistsCNTY 107CTCenturyTherapeuticsResearchSolid tumoursLNIR-protein-targets,T lym
76、phocyte replacementsBAT 8007ADCBio-TheraSolutionsPhase ISolid tumoursLNIR-protein-targets,DNA topoisomerase I inhibitorsNTX 1105ADCNectinTherapeuticsPreclinicalSolid tumoursLNIR-protein-targetsETx 22ADCEmergenceTherapeuticsResearchCancerLNIR-protein-targets,RNA polymerase II inhibitorsBCY 11864PTBic
77、ycleTherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerLNIR-protein-targets,CD137 antigen agonistsEPB 002ABElpisBiopharmaceuticalsResearchPancreatic cancer,Solidtumours,Bladder cancerCD3-antigen-targets;LNIR-protein-targets9MW 2821ADCMabwell(Shanghai)BiosciencePhase I/IISolid tumoursLNIR-protein-targetsCRB 701ADCCSPCPhar
78、maceutical Group(Originator),CorbusPharmaceuticals(Licensee)Phase IUrogenital cancer,SolidtumoursLNIR-protein-targetsEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)11Drug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopment stageSpecific IndicationTarget/MOAMALT1 proteinEXS 73565SMExscientiaPreclinicalCancerMALT1 protein
79、 inhibitorsABBV 525USPAbbViePreclinicalHaematologicalmalignanciesMALT1 protein inhibitorsSGR 1505SMSchrodingerPhase IB-cell lymphomaMALT1 protein inhibitorsMAT2A proteinSIM 0271SMSimcerePharmaceuticalGroupPreclinicalSolid tumoursMAT2A protein inhibitorsS 95035USPServierPreclinicalSolid tumoursMAT2A
80、protein inhibitorsMethionineadenosyltransferase 2AinhibitorSMInSilico MedicinePreclinicalCancerDNA damage stimulants,MAT2Aprotein inhibitorsNectinEPIM 002USPElpisBiopharmaceuticalsResearchSolid tumoursInterleukin-2 receptor beta subunitagonists,Nectin modulators,T lymphocyte stimulantsSiglec-15 prot
81、einBSI 060TABBiosionPhase ISolid tumoursSiglec-15 protein inhibitorsES 012ABElpiscienceBiopharmaceuticalsPreclinicalCancerSiglec-15 protein inhibitorsBCG 008ABBeijingBiocytogenPreclinicalSolid tumoursSiglec-15 protein inhibitorsResearchprogramme:anti-Siglec-15monoclonalantibodiesABBiosionResearchCan
82、cerSiglec-15 protein inhibitorsBPI 9011USPBeta Pharma(Originator),BetaPharma(Owner)ResearchSolid tumoursSiglec-15 protein inhibitorsSMARCA proteinPRT 3789SMPreludeTherapeuticsPhase ISolid tumoursSMARCA2 protein inhibitorsPRT SCA2SMPreludeTherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerSMARCA2 protein inhibitorsResearc
83、hprogramme:SMARCA2/4dual inhibitorsUSPProteovantTherapeuticsResearchCancerSMARCA2 protein inhibitors,SMARCA4 protein inhibitorsResearchprogramme:SMARCA2targetingtherapeuticsSMPlexium(Originator)ResearchNon-small cell lungcancerSMARCA2 protein modulatorsResearchprogramme:SMARCA4-protein-inhibitorther
84、apeuticsUSPLilly ResearchCentreResearchCancerSMARCA4 protein Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)12Drug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopment stageSpecific IndicationTarget/MOASyndecanQXL 138AMPTNammiTherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerSyndecan-1-targetsAnti-CD138chimericantigenreceptor T celltherapyCT
85、YakeBiotechnologyPreclinicalMultiple myelomaSyndecan-1-targetsTACSTD2/TROP2 proteinTrophoblastantigen 2tumouractivated T-cellengagertherapyRFPHarpoonTherapeuticsPreclinicalSolid tumoursCD3-antigen-targets;TACSTD2-protein-targetsBCG 011ADCBeijingBiocytogenPreclinicalCancerEpidermal-growth-factor-rece
86、ptor-target;TACSTD2-protein-targetsBAT 8008ADCBio-TheraSolutionsPhase ISolid tumoursTACSTD2-protein-targets,DNAtopoisomerase I inhibitorsGQ 1010ADCSuzhouGeneQuantumHealthcarePreclinicalTriple negative breastcancer,Solid tumours,Colorectal cancer,Non-small cell lungcancerTACSTD2-protein-targetsTropho
87、blastantigen 2tumouractivated T-cellengagertherapyRFPJanuxTherapeuticsPreclinicalSolid tumoursCD3-antigen-targets;TACSTD2-protein-targetsESG 401ADCShanghai EscugenBiotechnologyPhase I/IISolid tumoursTACSTD2-protein-targets,DNA topoisomerase I inhibitorsResearchprogramme:TROP-2targetingtherapeuticsRF
88、PMolecularTemplatesPreclinicalNon-small cell lungcancer,Triple negativebreast cancerTACSTD2-protein-targetsBL M02D1ADCSichuan BailiPharmaceuticalPhase IILung cancer,Triplenegative breast cancer,Gastrointestinal cancer,Breast cancer,Solidtumours,Non-small celllung cancerTACSTD2-protein-targetsCX 2051
89、ADCCytomXTherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerEpithelial-cell-adhesion-molecule-target;TACSTD2-protein-targets,DNA topoisomerase I inhibitorsBSI 04702ADCBiosion(Originator)PreclinicalSolid tumoursTACSTD2-protein-targetsRAD 206ADCRadiopharmTheranosticsPreclinicalBreast cancerTACSTD2-protein-targets,Ionising-
90、radiation-emittersMT 302NAMyeloidTherapeuticsPreclinicalBreast cancer,Lungcancer,ColorectalcancerTACSTD2-protein-targetsYH 012ADCEucure BiopharmaPreclinicalSolid tumoursERBB2-protein-target;TACSTD2-protein-targets,Tubulinpolymerisation inhibitorsDAC 003ADCHangzhou DACBiotechPreclinicalSolid tumoursT
91、ACSTD2-protein-targetsEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)13Drug nameDrug ClassDeveloperDevelopment stageSpecific IndicationTarget/MOATACSTD2/TROP2 proteinAnti TROP2antibody drugconjugateADCPeak BioPreclinicalCancerTACSTD2-protein-targetsLCB 84ADCLegoChemBiosciencesPreclinicalSolid tumours,Ha
92、ematologicalmalignanciesTACSTD2-protein-targets Tubulinpolymerisation inhibitorsBIO 106ADCBiOneCureTherapeuticsPhase I/IISolid tumoursTACSTD2-protein-targets;Tubulin polymerisation inhibitorsRAD 205ADCRadiopharmTheranosticsPreclinicalBreast cancerTACSTD2-protein-targets;Ionising-radiation-emittersTR
93、OP2 XPATRFPAmunixResearchSolid tumoursTACSTD2-protein-targetsFDA 018 ADCADCShanghai Fudan-ZhangjiangBio-PharmaceuticalPhase ISolid tumoursTACSTD2-protein-targetsAnti TROP2antibody drugconjugateADCLanierBiotherapeuticsPhase UnknownSolid tumoursTACSTD2-protein-targetsHLX 54USPShanghai HenliusBiotechPr
94、eclinicalTriple negative breastcancerTACSTD2-protein-targetsResearchprogramme:engineeredtoxin bodiesRFPBristol-MyersSquibb/MolecularTemplatesResearchCancerTACSTD2-protein-targets;Proto-oncogene protein c-kitexpression inhibitorsUSP proteinFT 3171SMFORMATherapeuticsPreclinicalCancerUSP1 protein modul
95、atorsResearchprogramme:ubiquitinspecificpeptidaseinhibitors-UbiquigentPTMedivir ABPreclinicalCancerUSP7 protein inhibitorsResearchprogramme:cancertherapeutics-Valo HealthUSPValo HealthPreclinicalCancerHDAC3 protein inhibitors,Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1inhibitors,USP28 protein inhibitorsVimentinALD
96、 R491SMAludaPharmaceuticalsPreclinicalCancerVimentin Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)14Cancer Targets202120221 Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase2311-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 113-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase14-1BB ligand15AMP activated protein kinase35-methylthioaden
97、osine phosphorylase115-nucleotidase885T4 antigen14AC133 antigen(CD133)1Acetyl-CoA carboxylase2ACSS2 protein1Actin1Activating transcription factor1ACVRL1 protein2ADAR protein1Adenosine A1 receptor1Adenosine A2A receptor25Adenosine A2B receptor32ADRM1 protein1Agammaglobulinaemia tyrosine kinase93AKR1C
98、31Alkaline phosphatase21Alpha-fetoprotein11Alpha-galactosidase A transport1Amino acyl tRNA synthetase1Aminopeptidase1Androgen receptor71Angiopoietin-21Angiotensin type 1 receptor1Anion transport protein1Anti-Mullerian hormone receptor1Apelin receptor11Apoprotein13Ataxia telangiectasia mutated protei
99、n31ATP-binding cassette transporter185ATR protein42Aurora kinase A2Autophagy-related protein-1 homolog1Axl receptor tyrosine kinase12B cell maturation antigen1515B7 antigen34B-cell activation factor receptor11B-cell antigen receptor1Bcl-X protein51Bcr-abl tyrosine kinase42Beta 2 adrenergic receptor1
100、1Beta catenin33BIRC5 protein1Bombesin Receptor1Targets in focus in 2021&Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)15Bone resorption factor1BRD4 protein4Bromodomain and extraterminal domain protein11BSG protein1BTLA protein12Butyrophilin11CA9 Protein1Cadherin2Calcineurin11Calcium channel2Cancer-asso
101、ciated fibroblast1Cannabinoid receptor4Cannabinoid receptor CB1103Cannabinoid receptor CB1 inverse93Cannabinoid receptor CB2113Cannabinoid receptor CB2 inverse93Capillary permeability1Carbonic Anhydrase2Carcinoembryonic Antigen41Casein kinase I11Caspase1CCR4 receptor2CCR7 receptor1CCR8 receptor68CCR
102、9 receptor1CD112 receptor6CD13 antigen1CD137 antigen1511CD146 antigen1CD160 protein1CD163 antigen1CD19 Antigen3327CD2 antigen2CD20 antigen1612CD200 antigen1CD200R1 protein11CD22 antigen138CD223 antigen48CD24 antigen5CD27 antigen1CD276 protein610CD28 antigen56CD3 antigen4444CD30 antigen23CD33 antigen
103、82CD37-protein22CD38 antigen154CD39-antigen14CD4 antigen2CD40 antigen48CD44 gene1CD47 antigen1926Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)16CD52 antigen1CD5-antigen3CD66 antigen13CD7 antigen61CD70 antigen75CD79 antigen31CD8 antigen22CD8 positive T lymphocyte37CD80 antigen1CD96 antigen1CD98 antigen
104、1Cdc2 kinase1CDC7 protein kinase11Cdh1 protein1CDH17 protein1CEACAM5 protein3CEBPB protein expression1Cell adhesion molecule1Checkpoint kinase 12Chemokine CXCL1311Chemokine-CCL19-expression1Chitinase 3 like protein 12Chloride channel11Cholestenone 5-alpha reductase1Claudin45Claudin 18 protein14Claud
105、in 634CLDN18-protein2116CLDN9 protein2CLEC12A protein2Clk dual-specificity kinase11Colony stimulating factor receptor21Complement 1q receptor2Complement system protein1Connective tissue growth factor1Connexin 431CRBN protein36CREB-binding protein1CTAG1B protein55CTAG2 protein1CTHRC1 protein3C-type l
106、ectin44C-type lectin-like molecule-1 protein1CXCL9 protein1CXCR3 receptor1CXCR4 receptor33CXCR5 receptor1Cyclin dependent kinase 1213Cyclin dependent kinase 1921Cyclin dependent kinase 943Cyclin-dependent kinase22Cyclin-dependent kinase Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)17Cyclin-dependent k
107、inase 426Cyclin-dependent kinase 51Cyclin-dependent kinase 616Cyclin-dependent kinase 831Cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase12Cyclo-oxygenase 22Cytidine triphosphate synthetase1Cytokine receptor1Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 499DCUN1D1 protein1DDX58 protein22DEAD-box RNA helicase1Delta 5 fatt
108、y acid desaturase11Deubiquitinating enzyme1DGKZ protein11Diacylglycerol kinase1Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase2Dioxygenase5Dipeptidase1Dipeptidyl peptidase 42Discoidin domain receptor 12DLL3-protein5DNA activated protein kinase1DNA cytosine 5 methyltransferase 12DNA helicase2DNA modification methylase1
109、DNA polymerase theta1DNA repair enzyme31DNA topoisomerase35DNA topoisomerase I1421DNA-activated protein kinase1DNA-binding protein1DNA-directed DNA polymerase22Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 13EGFR Gene1EIF 2 kinase2EIF-2 kinase1EIF2AK4 protein22Endoglin1Endothelial PAS domain-cont
110、aining protein 132Endothelin B receptor3Enhancer of zeste homolog 1 protein1Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 protein1EphA2 receptor43Epidermal growth factor receptor4737Epidermal growth factor receptor VIII32Epithelial cell adhesion molecule12Epstein-Barr-virus-nuclear-antigen1ERBB 2 receptor2330ERBB-3 r
111、eceptor43Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)18E-selectin1Esterase1Estrogen receptor33Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E1Eukaryotic initiation factor-4G1Exportin-1 protein1Extracellular matrix protein1Extracellular signal-regulated MAP kinase1Extracellular trap1Facilitative glucose transport pro
112、tein1FAP Protein1Farnesyltranstransferase1Fatty acid synthase expression1FCGR3A Protein1Ferroptosis1Fibroblast activation protein23Fibroblast activation protein alpha23Fibroblast growth factor2Fibroblast growth factor receptor35Fibronectin1Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3105Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine
113、 kinase21Folate receptor 175Folate receptor 21Forkhead transcription factor1FOXA1 protein1Fragile X mental retardation protein1FSH-receptor1G protein-coupled receptor95Galectin 32GD2-ganglioside33Geranyltranstransferase1Glucocorticoid receptor34Glutamate receptor1Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase1
114、Glycoprotein3Glypican12Glypican 31GNA11 protein1Gonadotropin releasing hormone1GPA33 protein1GPC3 protein811GPR65 protein1GPRC5D protein12G-protein coupled receptor 431G-protein-coupled receptor32Growth differentiation factor 1511Growth hormone-releasing hormone22GSG2 protein1GTP phosphohydrolase1GT
115、P-binding protein1Guanine nucleotide exchange Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)19HA-1 antigen1HAVCR2 protein42HDAC1 protein1HDAC2 protein1HDAC3 protein1HDAC6 protein4HDAC8 protein1Heat shock transcription factor1Hedgehog protein1Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 184Heme oxygenase 11Heparan-S
116、ulfate-Proteoglycan11High mobility group protein1Histamine receptor1Histocompatibility antigen class I1Histone acetyltransferase2Histone deacetylase13Histone deacetylase and corepressor complex1Histone demethylase1Histone methyltransferase1Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase1HIV fusion1HIV replicatio
117、n1HLA antigen2HLA-DR antigen1HLA-G antigen1HMGB1 protein11Homeodomain protein1HSP70 Heat-shock protein2Human papillomavirus E6 protein11Human papillomavirus E7 protein1Human papillomavirus type 16 E6 protein2Human papillomavirus type 18 E6 protein1Human papillomavirus type 18 E7 protein1Hypoxia-indu
118、cible factor 11Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha12Iduronidase1IGF type 1 receptor1IgG Receptor51I-kappa B kinase1IKZF1 protein12IKZF2 protein31IKZF3 protein12Immune checkpoint protein221Indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase1Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor1Integrin1Integrin alpha chain1Integrin al
119、phavbeta11Integrin alphaVbeta342Integrin alphaVbeta52Integrin alphaVbeta611Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)20Integrin alphavbeta84Intercellular adhesion molecule-13Intercellular signalling peptide and protein1Interferon31Interferon alpha21Interferon alpha 2b1Interferon alpha-22Interferon
120、beta1Interferon gamma11Interleukin32Interleukin 1 alpha1Interleukin 1013Interleukin 112Interleukin 12129Interleukin 132Interleukin 13 receptor alpha2 subunit2Interleukin 151412Interleukin 24Interleukin 2 receptor alpha subunit21Interleukin 231Interleukin 42Interleukin 61Interleukin 6 receptor13Inter
121、leukin 742Interleukin 8B receptor1Interleukin receptor common gamma subunit1Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein2Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase3Interleukin-101Interleukin-11 receptor1Interleukin-12 expression62Interleukin-15 receptor45Interleukin-1833Interleukin-22110Interleukin-2 rece
122、ptor47Interleukin-22 receptor1Interleukin-3 receptor alpha subunit84Interleukin-4 receptor alpha subunit1Interleukin-81Isocitrate dehydrogenase 11Janus kinase 11Janus kinase-212Kallikrein31KAT6A protein14Kinesin1Kita-kyushu lung cancer antigen 11KRAS protein3528LDL receptor1Left right-determination
123、factor1Leukaemia inhibitory factor1Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B12Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)21Lewis Y antigen2LGR5 protein11LILRA4-protein1LILRB2 protein13LILRB4 protein54LIPA protein1Liver X receptor1LNIR-protein64Long no
124、ncoding RNA1LRRC32 protein1Lymphocyte specific protein tyrosine kinase p56(lck)1Lyn protein-tyrosine kinase1LYPD3 protein1Lysine specific demethylase 121Lysine tRNA ligase1Macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor24Macrophage migration inhibitory factor11MAGEA4 protein44MALT1 protein22MAP-kinase
125、-activated kinase 21MARCO protein1MAT2A protein2Matriptase1Matrix metalloproteinase1Matrix metalloproteinase 131MCL1 protein43Megakaryocyte potentiating factor1Melanocortin receptor1Membrane glycoprotein22Membrane protein52Menin22Mesothelin protein1513Metalloprotein1Methylmalonyl CoA mutase1Methyltr
126、ansferase2MG7-antigen2MHC class I-related chain A21MICB antigen21MicroRNA2Microtubule protein13MIRN21 microRNA11Mitochondrial permeability transition pore11Mitochondrial protein22Mitogen activated protein kinase 323Mitogen-activated protein kinase3Mitogen-activated protein kinase 123Mitogen-activate
127、d protein kinase kinase14Molecular motor protein1Monocarboxylic acid transporter3MPYS protein89MTOR protein32MTORC1 protein1Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)22MUC1 protein11Mucin22Multidrug resistance-associated protein 12Myeloma associated membrane antigen KMA1Natural cytotoxicity trigger
128、ing receptor 1 c5Natural killer cell receptor14Nectin11Neonatal Fc receptor12Neural cell adhesion molecule L16Neuraminidase12Neurotensin type 1 receptor11NF E2 related factor 21NF kappa B kinase1NF-kappa B3Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase1NK cell lectin like receptor1NK cell lectin like recept
129、or subfamily K31NK cell lectin-like2NK cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C11NLRP3 protein1NME7 protein1Norepinephrine plasma membrane transport protein1Notch-1 receptor1NR2F6 protein1NRAS protein2Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group F member 32Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group F member 3 inverse1On
130、cofetal antigen1Orphan nuclear receptor1Osteoblast cadherin1OX40 receptor43Oxalate1Oxidoreductase1P selectin1P21 activated kinase1P300-CBP transcription factor1PAUF protein3PC cell-derived growth factor1Peptide hydrolase11Peptide-chain-release factor 353Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gam
131、ma21PFKFB3 protein1P-glycoprotein31Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase alpha46Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase gamma1Phosphodiesterase 10A1Phospholipase A21Phosphomevalonate kinase1Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase2Phosphoric diester hydrolase21Phosphoric monoester hydrolase21PEmerging Targets:Canc
132、er Therapy(April 2023)23Phosphotransferase59PIM3 protein2PKMYT1 protein1Placenta growth factor43Platelet activating factor1Platelet derived growth factor alpha receptor1Platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor21Platelet-derived growth factor receptor11PLK4 protein2Poliovirus-receptor52Polo-like
133、kinase 111Poly ADP ribose glycohydrolase3Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase121Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 123Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 211Positive transcriptional elongation factor B1PRAME-protein24PRMT5 protein85Programmed cell death 1 ligand 213Programmed cell death-1 ligand-16951Programmed cell death-1 r
134、eceptor3524Proliferating cell nuclear antigen1Prostaglandin E EP2 receptor1Prostaglandin E EP4 receptor2Prostate-specific antigen83Prostatic acid phosphatase1Protein arginine N methyltransferase1Protein kinase65Protein kinase C21Protein phosphatase 2A1Protein tyrosine kinase63Protein tyrosine phosph
135、atase non receptor type 11Protein tyrosine phosphatase non receptor type 1164Protein tyrosine phosphatase non receptor type 21Protein-serine-threonine kinase1Protein-tyrosine-phosphatase11Proto oncogene protein b raf43Proto oncogene protein c mdm211Proto oncogene protein c met54Proto oncogene protei
136、n c ret35Proto oncogene protein c-akt1Proto oncogene protein c-kit62Proto oncogene protein c-myc74Proto oncogene proteins c pim 13Proto-oncogene protein c mdm21Proto-oncogene protein c-bcl-275Proto-oncogene protein c-mer1Proto-oncogene protein c-yes1Proto-oncogene protein p21(ras)2Proto-oncogene pro
137、tein pim-22PSCA protein2PTEN1Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)24PTK7 protein1PTP4A3 protein1Purine nucleoside phosphorylase1Purinergic P1 receptor1Purinergic receptor1PYCARD protein1Pyruvate carboxylase1Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex1Rad51 recombinase14Rad52 DNA repair and recombination pr
138、otein11Raf kinase34RANK ligand32Ras protein42Ras signal transduction pathway41Reactive oxygen species1Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase15Receptor tyrosine kinase like orphan receptor83Renalase1Retinoic acid receptor2Rho GTP-binding protein2Rho-associated kinase1RNA binding protein1RNA polymerase II22
139、RNA-binding protein1ROS1 protein51SEC translocation channel1Selective estrogen receptor64Serotonin 1 receptor82Serotonin 2 receptor164Serotonin 2A receptor32Serotonin 2C receptor1SHMT protein1Sialic acid binding immunoglobulin-like lectin32Sialosyl Tn antigen1Siglec-15 protein32Signal transducing ad
140、aptor protein1Signal transduction pathway1SIRPA protein56Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel2SMARCA2 protein12SMARCA4 protein1Sodium-phosphate cotransporter protein1Solute carrier protein22Somatomedin receptor2Somatostatin receptor12SOS1 protein33Src-Family kinase31STAT transcripti
141、on factor6STAT3 transcription factor43STAT6 transcription factor11Stearoyl CoA desaturase1Steroidogenic factor Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)25Sulfatase1Surface antigen2Survivin protein3Syndecan-14Synovial sarcoma X breakpoint protein3TACSTD2-protein912T-cell receptor antigen23TDP-43 pr
142、otein1TEA domain transcription factors15Telomerase33Tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase11TGF-beta superfamily protein41Thioredoxin2Thrombospondin1Thymidylate synthase22Thyrotropin releasing hormone1TIGIT protein1611TMPRSS6 protein1TNF related apoptosis inducing ligand receptor4TNFRSF18 protein11TNFRSF19
143、protein1TNFRSF21 protein1Toll-like receptor12Toll-like receptor 35Toll-like receptor 411Toll-like receptor 752Toll-like receptor 831Toll-like receptor 952TP53 gene1Transcription factor1012Transferrin receptor2Transforming growth factor beta106Transforming growth factor beta receptor11Transforming gr
144、owth factor beta type II receptor1Transforming growth factor beta12Transforming growth factor beta21Transient receptor potential channel92Transmembrane-Activator-and-CAML-Interactor-Protein21TrkA receptor2TrkB receptor2TrkC receptor2TROP222Tropomyosin related kinase1Tropomyosin-related kinase5TRPV6
145、protein1Tubulin1816Tumor suppressor protein p531Tumor-associated macrophage2Tumor-necrosis-factor-receptor1Tumor-necrosis-factor-receptor-superfamily-member-71Tumour antigen1622Tumour necrosis factor alpha32Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)26Tumour necrosis factor ligand superfamily member
146、 131Tumour necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 141Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptor13Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 941Tumour suppressor protein p533Tumour-associated antigen 721TYK2 kinase2Type 1 fibroblast growth factor receptor3Type 3 fibroblast growth factor receptor71Typ
147、e 4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase1Type 4 fibroblast growth factor receptor25Type 5 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase1Type II A activin receptor1Type II DNA topoisomerase43Type II tumour necrosis factor receptor14Type-2 fibroblast growth factor receptor55Ubiquitin protein ligase6Ubiquitin pro
148、tein ligase complex83Ubiquitin-specific protease12Ulk2 protein2USP1 protein1USP28 protein1USP7 protein1Vascular endothelial growth factor A66Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor21Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 332Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-131Vascular endothelial
149、 growth factor receptor-272Vascular endothelial growth factors96Vimentin1VISTA2V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 154WDR5 protein3WEE1 protein15Wnt protein12WT1 protein13YAP-signaling Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)27DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCO
150、UNTRYSyndecanSacituzumabgovitecan(Trodelvy)ADCTACSTD2-protein-targets;DNA-topoisomerase-I-inhibitorsGilead Sciences/IBCPharmaceuti cals/Immuno medicsUrogenital cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)USAPralsetinib(Gavreto)SMProto oncogene protein cret inhibitorsBl
151、ueprint Medicines/-RocheThyroid cancer(Inoperable/Unresectable,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-linetherapy or greater,In adolescents,In adults)USANon-small cell lung cancer(Metastatic disease)Isatuximab(Sarclisa)ABCD38-antigen-target;ADP-ribosyl cyclaseinhibitorsImmunoGen/SanofiMultiple
152、 myeloma(Combination therapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USASotorasib(LUMYKRAS)SMKRAS protein inhibitorsAmgenNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)USADRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYSelumetinib(KOSELUGO)SMMAP kina
153、se kinase 1inhibitors;MAP kinasekinase 2 inhibitorsAstraZenecaNeurofibromatosis 1(In adolescents,In children,Monotherapy)USAPemigatinib(Pemazyre)SMType 1 fibroblast growthfactor receptorantagonists;Type 3fibroblast growth factorreceptor antagonists;Type 4 fibroblast growth factorreceptor antagonists
154、;Type-2 fibroblast growthfactor receptor antagonistsIncyte CorporationCholangiocarcinoma(Inoperable/Unresectable,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy or greater)in USAUSATazemetostat(Tavico;Tazverik)SMEnhancer of zeste homolog2 protein inhibitors;SMARCA2 proteininhibitors;SMARCA
155、4protein inhibitorsEpizymeSarcoma(Inoperable/Unresectable,Late-stagedisease,Metastatic disease,In adults,Inadolescents)USATrends in target selection in antineoplastic drugs approved in the last three years:The following are a list of candidates along with their mechanism of action,their developingph
156、armaceutical company along with their first globally approved indication in the pastthree years(2020-2022):Antineoplastic drugs approved in 2020:Legend:AntibodyABOncolytic virusOVRecombinant-fusion-proteinsRFPDrug ConjugatesDCBacteriaBATCell therapyCTOligonucleotideOLGPeptidesPTRecombinantproteinsRP
157、Diagnostic agentDAAntibody drugconjugateDCVaccineVACSmallmoleculeSMUnspecified/othersUSPNucleic acidsNAGene therapyGTEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)28DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYTafasitamab(Minjuvi;Monjuvi)ABCD19-antigen-targetsIncyte Corporation/MorphoSysD
158、iffuse large B cell lymphoma(Combinationtherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USALurbinectedin(ZEPZELCA;Zepsyre)SMAlkylating-agents,DNA-damage-stimulantsPharmaMarSmall cell lung cancer(Metastatic disease,Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USABrexucabtagene autoleucel(Tecartus)CTCD19-antigen
159、-targetsKite PharmaMantle-cell lymphoma(Second-line therapy orgreater)USATirabrutinib(Velexbru)SMAgammaglobulina emia-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitorsGilead Sciences/On oPharmaceuti calLymphoma(Monotherapy,Recurrent,Second-line therapy or greater)JapanSelpercatinib(Retsevmo)SMProto-oncogene-protein-c-ret-
160、inhibitors,Type-1-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Type-2-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Type-3-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-1-antagonists,Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-3-antagonistsInnovent Biolog
161、ics/Lox o OncologyNon-small cell lung cancer(Metastatic disease,In adults)Thyroid cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,In adolescents,In children,In adults,In the elderly)USADaratumumab/hyaluronidase(DARZALEXFASPRO;DARZALEX)ABCD38-antigen-target;Apoptosis-stimulants,Phagocyte-stimulantsJanss
162、en BiotechMultiple myeloma(Combination therapy,First-line therapy)USAAvapritinib(AYVAKIT;AYVAKYT)SMPlatelet-derived-growth-factor-alpha-receptor-antagonists,Proto-oncogene-protein-c-kit-inhibitorsBlueprint MedicinesGastrointestinal stromal tumours(Inoperable/Unresectable,Metastatic disease)USATucati
163、nib(Irbinitinib/TUKYSA)SMERBB-2-receptor-antagonists,Phosphorylation-inhibitorsArray BioPharma/SeagenBreast cancer(Combination therapy,Inoperable/Unresectable,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)USARipretinib(QINLOCK)SMPlatelet-derived-growth-factor-alpha-receptor-ant
164、agonists,Platelet-derived-growth-factor-beta-receptor-antagonists,Proto-oncogene-protein-b-raf-inhibitors,Proto-oncogene-protein-c-kit-expression-inhibitors,TIE-2-receptor-antagonists,Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-2-antagonistsDecipheraPharmaceuti calsGastrointestinal stromal tumours(L
165、ate-stagedisease,Second-line therapy or greater)USACapmatinib(Tabrecta)SMProto-oncogene-protein-c-met-inhibitorsNovartisNon-small cell lung cancer(Metastatic disease)USATepotinib(TEPMETKO)SMProto-oncogene-protein-c-met-inhibitorsMerckNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,S
166、econd-line therapy orgreater,Inoperable/Unresectable)JEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)29DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYAumolertinib(AMEILE)SMEpidermal-growth-factor-receptor-antagonistsJiangsu HansohPharmaceuti calNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,M
167、etastatic disease,Monotherapy,Second-linetherapy or greater)ChinaNaxitamab(Danyelza)ABGD2-ganglioside-targetsY mAbs TherapeuticsNeuroblastoma(Combination therapy,Inadolescents,In children,In infants,Second-linetherapy or greater,In adults,In the elderly)USAOrelabrutinib(INNOBRUKA;YINUOKAI)SMAgammagl
168、obulina emia-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitorsInnoCare PharmaMantle-cell lymphoma(Second-line therapy orgreater)ChinaChronic lymphocytic leukaemia(Second-linetherapy or greater)Belantamabmafodotin(BLENREP)ABB-cell-maturation-antigen-targetGlaxoSmithK lineMultiple myeloma(Monotherapy,Second-linetherapy or g
169、reater)USAMargetuximab(MARGENZA)ABERBB-2-receptor-targetsMacroGenicsHer2 positive Breast cancer(Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy or greater)USASurufatinib(Sulanda;Suteda)SMMacrophage-colony-stimulating-factor-receptor-antagonists,Type-1-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Vascular-en
170、dothelial-growth-factor-receptor-1-antagonists,Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-2-antagonists,Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-3-antagonistsHUTCHMEDNeuroendocrine tumours(Inoperable/Unresectable,Metastatic disease,Second-linetherapy or greater)ChinaFuzuloparib(HS10160;SHR 3162)
171、SMPoly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase-1-inhibitors,Poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase-2-inhibitorsJiangsu HengRuiMedicineFallopian tube cancer(Recurrent)ChinaOvarian cancer(Recurrent)Peritoneal cancer(Recurrent)Borofalan(10B)(Steboronine)USPIonising-radiation-emittersStella PharmaHead and neck cancer(Inoperable/Un
172、resectable,Late-stage disease,Locallyrecurrent)JapanCetuximabsarotalocan(Akalux)ABEpidermal-growth-factor-receptor-targetRakuten MedicalHead and neck cancer(Late-stage disease,Recurrent,Second-line therapy or greater)JapanCedazuridine/decitabine(INQOVI)SMCytidine-deaminase-inhibitors,DNA-methylation
173、-inhibitorsAstex PharmaceuticalsMyelodysplastic syndromesCanadaChronic myelomonocytic leukaemiaCanadaTepotinib(TEPMETKO)SMProto-oncogene-protein-c-met-inhibitorsMerckNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater,Inoperable/Unresectable)JapanPemetrexed
174、(PEMFEXY)SMTetrahydrofolate-dehydrogenase-inhibitors,Thymidylate-synthase-inhibitorsEagle PharmaceuticalsNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)USANon-small cell lung cancer(Combinationtherapy,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease)Mesothelioma(
175、Combination therapy,Inoperable/Unresectable)Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)30DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYTrilaciclib(COSELA)SMCyclin-dependent-kinase-4-inhibitors,Cyclin-dependent-kinase-6-inhibitorsG1 TherapeuticsSmall cell lung cancer(Metastatic disease)U
176、SALisocabtagenemaraleucel(Breyanzi)CTCD19-antigen-targetsJuno TherapeuticsDiffuse large B cell lymphoma(Second-linetherapy or greater)USAFollicular lymphoma(Second-line therapy orgreater)Sugemalimab(Cejemly;ZEJIEMEI)ABProgrammed-cell-death-1-ligand-1-inhibitorsCStonePharmaceuticalsNon-small cell lun
177、g cancer(Combinationtherapy,First-line therapy,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease)ChinaIdecabtagenevicleucel(Abecma)GTB-cell-maturation-antigen-target2seventy bioMultiple myeloma(Second-line therapy orgreater)USARelmacabtageneautoleucel(Carteyva)GTCD19-antigen-targetsJuno TherapeuticsNon-Hodgkins
178、 lymphoma(Second-line therapyor greater)ChinaUmbralisib(UKONIQ)SMCasein-kinase-Iepsilon-inhibitors,Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-delta-inhibitorsTG TherapeuticsMarginal zone B-cell lymphoma(Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USAFollicular lymphoma(Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)O
179、lverembatinib(APG 1351;D824;GZD 824;HQP 1351;IBI 348)SMBcr-abl-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors,Cytokine-inhibitors,Fms-like-tyrosine-kinase-3-inhibitors,Proto-oncogene-protein-c-kit-inhibitorsAscentage PharmaChronic myeloid leukaemia(Second-linetherapy or greater)ChinaLoncastuximabtesirine(ZYNLONTA)ADCCD
180、19-antigen-targets;Alkylating-agents;DNA-cross-linking-agentsADC TherapeuticsDiffuse large B cell lymphoma(Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USAPenpulimab(Anniko)ABProgrammed-cell-death-1-receptor-antagonistsAkeso BiopharmaHodgkins disease(Monotherapy,Second-linetherapy or greater)ChinaZimb
181、erelimab(YUTUO)ABProgrammed-cell-death-1-receptor-antagonistsWuXi BiologicsHodgkins disease(Second-line therapy orgreater,Recurrent)ChinaAmivantamab(RYBREVANT)ABEpidermal-growth-factor-receptor-target;Proto-oncogene-protein-c-met-targetGenmab/JanssenBiotechNon-small cell lung cancer(Metastatic disea
182、se,Second-line therapy or greater,Late-stagedisease)USADostarlimab(Jemperli)ABProgrammed-cell-death-1-receptor-antagonistsGlaxoSmithKlineEndometrial cancer(Late-stage disease,Monotherapy,Recurrent,Second-line therapyor greater)USASolid tumours(Late-stage disease,Recurrent)Asciminib(Scemblix)SMBcr-ab
183、l-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitorsNovartisChronic myeloid leukaemia(Second-linetherapy or greater)USASavolitinib(Voressa;Orpathys)SMProto-oncogene-protein-c-met-inhibitorsHUTCHMEDNon-small cell lung cancer(Second-line therapyor greater,Metastatic disease,Monotherapy)ChinaEnvafolimab(ENWEIDA)ABProgrammed-c
184、ell-death-1-ligand-1-inhibitorsAlphamab Oncology/Ascleti s/3D MedicineSolid tumours(Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease,Second-line therapy or greater)ChinaAntineoplastic drugs approved in 2021:Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)31DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYR
185、ecombinantcrisantaspase(Rylaze)USPAsparaginase-replacementsJazz Pharmaceuticals/PfenexPrecursor cell lymphoblastic leukaemia-lymphoma(Combination therapy,Inadolescents,In children,In infants,In adults)USAInfigratinib(TRUSELTIQ)SMType-1-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Type-2-fibroblast-
186、growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Type-3-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Type-4-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonistsNovartisCholangiocarcinoma(Second-line therapy orgreater,Metastatic disease,Inoperable/Unresectable,Late-stage disease)USADisitamabvedotin(Aidixi)ADCERBB2-prote
187、in-target;Tubulin-polymerisation-inhibitorsYantai RongchangPharmaceuticalGastric cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease,Second-line therapy or greater,Inoperable/Unresectable)ChinaLazertinib(Leclaza)SMEpidermal-growth-factor-receptor-antagonistsJanssen Biotech/YuhanNon-small cell lung cancer(La
188、te-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater,Monotherapy)South KoreaLeronlimab(Vyrologix)ABCCR5-receptor-antagonistsCytoDynTriple-negative-breast cancer(Metastaticdisease)CanadaBelzutifan(WELIREG)SMEndothelial-PAS-domain-containing-protein-1-inhibitorsPeloton TherapeuticsVon Hip
189、pel-Lindau diseaseUSADepoxythilone(UTD 1;Utidelone)USPMitosis-inhibitors,Tubulin-polymerisation-promotersBeijing BiostarTechnologiesBreast cancer(Combination therapy,Late-stagedisease,Metastatic disease)ChinaMobocertinib(Exkivity)SMBLK-protein-inhibitors,ERBB-2-receptor-antagonists,ERBB-4-receptor-a
190、ntagonists,Epidermal-growth-factor-receptor-antagonistsTakedaNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)USAPamiparib(PARTRUVIX)SMPoly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase-1-inhibitors,Poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase-2-inhibitorsBeiGeneFallopian tube cancer(Late-stag
191、e disease,Second-line therapy or greater)ChinaPeritoneal cancer(Late-stage disease,Second-line therapy or greater)Ovarian cancer(Late-stage disease,Second-linetherapy or greater)Varnimcabtagene Autoleuce(AR I0001;IMN 003A)CTCD19-antigen-targetsImmuneelTherapeuticsPrecursor cell lymphoblastic leukaem
192、ia-lymphoma(Treatment-resistant)SpainTeserpaturev(DELYTACT)GTCell-death-stimulantsDaiichi SankyoGlioblastomaJapanTisotumabvedotin(TIVDAK)ADCThromboplastin-targets;Tubulin-polymerisation-inhibitorsGenmab/SeagenCervical cancer(Metastatic disease,Recurrent,Second-line therapy or greater)USAFurmonertini
193、b(Ivesa)SMEpidermal-growth-factor-receptor-antagonistsAllistPharmaceuticals/ArriVent BiopharmaNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)ChinaMelphalanflufenamide(PEPAXTO;Pepaxti;Ygalo)DCAlkylating-agentsOncopeptidesMultiple myeloma(Combination the
194、rapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USAEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)32DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYDonafenib(Zeprosen;Zeprosyn)SMPlatelet-derived-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists,Raf-kinase-inhibitors,Receptor-protein-tyrosine-kinase-antagonists,Vascular
195、-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-antagonistsSuzhou ZelgenBiopharmaceuticalsLiver cancer(First-line therapy,Inoperable/Unresectable,Late-stage disease)ChinaLeuprorelin(Camcevi)PTGonadotropin-releasing-hormone-stimulantsForeseePharmaceuticals/ScinoPharmaProstate cancer(Late-stage disease)USADRUGTYP
196、EMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYEnsartinib(Ensacove)SMAnaplastic-lymphoma-kinase-inhibitors;EphA2-receptor-antagonists;Proto-oncogene-protein-c-met-inhibitors;ROS1-protein-inhibitors;TrkA-receptor-antagonists;TrkC-receptor-antagonistsXcovery HoldingsNon-small cell lung cancer(Sec
197、ond-line therapyor greater)ChinaBetta PharmaceuticalsCo LtdNon-small cell lung cancer(First-line therapy)ChinaPacritinib(ENPAXIQ;Epjevy;VONJO)SMFms-like-tyrosine-kinase-3-inhibitors;Interleukin-1-receptor-associated-kinase-inhibitors;Janus-kinase-2-inhibitors;Macrophage-colony-stimulating-factor-rec
198、eptor-antagonistsCTI BioPharmaMyelofibrosisUSADalpiciclib(AiRuiKang)SMCyclin-dependent-kinase-4-inhibitors;Cyclin-dependent-kinase-6-inhibitorsJiangsu HengruiMedicine Co.HER2-negative-breast-cancer(Combinationtherapy,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy or greater)ChinaCadonilim
199、ab(AK 104)ABCytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-antigen-4-inhibitors;Programmed-cell-death-1-receptor-antagonistsAkeso-BiopharmaCervical cancer(Metastatic disease,Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)ChinaPucotenlimab(Puyouheng)ABProgrammed-cell-death-1-receptor-antagonistsLepu BiopharmaMalignant melanoma(
200、Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Monotherapy,Second-linetherapy or greater)ChinaSolid tumours(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy or greater)Ciltacabtageneautoleucel(CARVYKTI)CTB-cell-maturation-antigen-targetJanssen BiotechMultiple myeloma(Second-line therapy orgreater)Eu
201、ropeanUnionMultiple myeloma(Second-line therapy orgreater)JapanMultiple myeloma(Second-line therapy orgreater)USAMultiple myeloma(Second-line therapy orgreater)BrazilAntineoplastic drugs approved in 2022:Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)33DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATION
202、SCOUNTRYNivolumab/relatlimab(Opdualag;Opdualag)ABCD223-antigen-inhibitors;Programmed-cell-death-1-receptor-antagonistsBristol-Myers SquibbMalignant melanoma(First-line therapy,Inadolescents,In adults,In children,In the elderly,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease)USAMaligna
203、nt melanoma(First-line therapy,Inadolescents,In adults,In children,In the elderly,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease)EuropeanUnionMalignant melanoma(First-line therapy,Inadolescents,In adults,In children,In the elderly,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastati
204、c disease)AustraliaMalignant melanoma(First-line therapy,Inadolescents,In adults,In children,In the elderly,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease)BrazilMalignant melanoma(First-line therapy,Inadolescents,In adults,In children,In the elderly,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stag
205、e disease,Metastatic disease)SwitzerlandTeclistamab(TECVAYLI)ABB-cell-maturation-antigen-target;CD3-antigen-targetsGenmab,JanssenResearch&DevelopmentMultiple myeloma(Second-line therapy orgreater)EuropeanUnionMultiple myeloma(IV)(Second-line therapy orgreater)USAAdagrasib(KRAZATI)SMKRAS-protein-inhi
206、bitorsMirati TherapeuticsNon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)USANon-small cell lung cancer(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)EuropeanUnionTabelecleucel(Ebvallo;Tab-cel)CTCD19-antigen-targetsMemorial Sloan-Ke
207、ttering Cancer Center/AtaraBiotherapeuticsLymphoproliferative disorders(In adolescents,In adults,In children,Monotherapy)EuropeanUnionNadofaragenefiradenovec(Instiladrin)GTIFNA2B-expression-stimulantsFKD Therapies,FerringPharmaceuticalsBladder cancer(Late-stage disease,Second-linetherapy or greater)
208、USAValemetostat(EZHARMIA)SMEnhancer-of-zeste-homolog-1-protein-inhibitors;Enhancer-of-zeste-homolog-2-protein-inhibitorsDaiichi Sankyo IncAdult T-cell leukaemia-lymphoma(Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)JapanFutibatinib(LYTGOBI)SMType-1-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists;Type-2-
209、fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists;Type-3-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonists;Type-4-fibroblast-growth-factor-receptor-antagonistsTaiho PharmaceuticalCholangiocarcinoma(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)USACholangiocarcinomaEuropeanUnionCholangi
210、ocarcinoma(Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Second-line therapy orgreater)JapanOlutasidenib(REZLIDHIA)SMIsocitrate-dehydrogenase-1-inhibitorsForma TherapeuticsAcute myeloid leukaemia(Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USAEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)34DRUGTYPEMechanism of
211、action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYTremelimumab(IMJUDO;IMJUDO)ABCytotoxic-T-lymphocyte-antigen-4-inhibitorsPfizerLiver cancer(Combination therapy,First-linetherapy,Inoperable/Unresectable)USANon-small cell lung cancer(Combinationtherapy,First-line therapy,In adults,In theelderly,Late-stage diseas
212、e,Metastatic disease)USALiver cancer(Combination therapy,First-linetherapy,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stagedisease)EuropeanUnionNon-small cell lung cancer(Combinationtherapy,First-line therapy,Late-stage disease)EuropeanUnionLiver cancer(Combination therapy,First-linetherapy,Inoperable/Unresecta
213、ble,Late-stagedisease)EuropeanUnionNon-small cell lung cancer(Combinationtherapy,First-line therapy,Late-stage disease)EuropeanUnionMirvetuximabsoravtansine(ELAHERE)ADCFolate-receptor-1-targets,Tubulin-inhibitorsImmunoGenFallopian tube cancer(Late-stage disease,Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or gre
214、ater)USAOvarian cancer(Late-stage disease,Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USAPeritoneal cancer(Late-stage disease,Monotherapy,Second-line therapy or greater)USARezvilutamide(Ariane;SHR 3680)SMAndrogen-receptor-antagonistsJiangsu HengruiMedicine Co.Prostate cancer(Combination therapy,Metas
215、tatic disease)ChinaDarinaparsin(Darvias;Zinapar)SMApoptosis-stimulants;Cell-cycle-inhibitors;Reactive-oxygen-species-stimulantsSolasia PharmaPeripheral T-cell lymphoma(Second-linetherapy or greater)JapanPimitespib(Jeselhy)SMHSP90-heat-shock-protein-inhibitorsTaiho PharmaceuticalGastrointestinal stro
216、mal tumours(Late-stagedisease,Second-line therapy or greater)JapanMosunetuzumab(Lunsumio)ABCD20-antigen-target;CD3-antigen-targetsGenentechFollicular lymphoma(Second-line therapy orgreater)EuropeanUnionFollicular lymphoma(Second-line therapy orgreater)USALutetium-177vipivotidetetraxetan(Pluvicto)DCP
217、rostate-specific-antigen-target;Ionising-radiation-emittersNovartis/Advance dAcceleratorApplicationsProstate cancer(Hormone refractory,Metastaticdisease,Second-line therapy or greater)USAProstate cancer(Hormone refractory,Metastaticdisease,Second-line therapy or greater)EuropeanUnionProstate cancer(
218、Hormone refractory,Metastaticdisease,Second-line therapy or greater)UnitedKingdomProstate cancer(Hormone refractory,Metastaticdisease,Second-line therapy or greater)CEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)35DRUGTYPEMechanism of action/TargetCOMPANYINDICATIONSCOUNTRYTebentafusp(KIMMTRAK)RFPCD3-an
219、tigen-targets;gp100-melanoma-antigen-targetsImmunocoreUveal melanoma(First-line therapy,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease)USAUveal melanoma(First-line therapy,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease)UnitedKingdomUveal melanoma(First-line therapy,Inop
220、erable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease)EuropeanUnionUveal melanoma(First-line therapy,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease)CanadaUveal melanoma(First-line therapy,Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease)AustraliaLinperlisib(Intarel)SM
221、Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-delta-inhibitorsShanghai YingliPharmaceuticalFollicular lymphoma(Second-line therapy orgreater)ChinaSerplulimab(HANSIZHUANG;HLX 10)ABProgrammed-cell-death-1-receptor-antagonistsShanghai HenliusBiotechNon-small cell lung cancer(Combinationtherapy,First-line therapy,Inope
222、rable/Unresecta ble,Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease)ChinaSolid tumours(Inoperable/Unresecta ble,Metastatic disease,Monotherapy,Second-linetherapy or greater)ChinaSmall cell lung cancer(Combination therapy,First-line therapy,Late-stage disease,Metastaticdisease)ChinaOesophageal cancer(First-line
223、 therapy,Late-stage disease,Metastatic disease,Monotherapy)ChinaThus,we can see as per the previous section on emerging and established targetsmost of the new drugs receiving their first NDA/BLA approval belonged to either thewell-established or the emerging targets.CD-19,BCMA,PD-1/PD-L1 among other
224、sremained the targets which received the most approvals across the three years whichgoes to show how these well-known targets are still under active research inpharmaceutical companies.While antibodies and small molecules have alwaysbeen actively researched as a possible therapeutic intervention in
225、cancer,the datafrom the last three years also goes to show that various drug conjugates,nanobodies,gene therapies and fusion proteins can also be utilised to target cancer pronereceptors in a more systemic manner while addressing the safety of the patients.In the last three years,there has been a no
226、table trend in the approval of cancer drugtargets that focused on personalized and targeted therapies.Many of these approveddrug targets have been directed towards specific genetic mutations or overexpressedproteins found in different types of cancer.The emergence of precision medicine andadvancemen
227、ts in genomics have enabled the identification of these specific targets,allowing for more effective and tailored treatment approaches.As research continuesto uncover novel targets and innovative treatment strategies,the landscape of cancertherapy is evolving towards a more targeted and personalized
228、 future.Emerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)About AdisInsightAdisInsight is your complete pharma discovery platform.Connecting a uniquely widerange of datasets with expertly curated insights,we bring you trusted,relevant andup-to-the-minute pharma information you can rely on.Our comprehensive
229、 andintegrated reports go deeper and broader,encompassing everything from clinicaltrials and commercial deals,to safety information and patents.Whether youre lookingfor the complete picture or want to ensure youre not missing any critical details,youllfind everything you need in our quick and easily
230、 searchable platform.Well give youthe insight and confidence to make the right pharma decisions every time.To find out more visit AdisInsight on Conclusion:Cancer is a complex disease that requires a multi-facetedapproach to treatment.Emerging targets for cancer offernew avenues for developing more effective cancertreatments.The development and testing of drugs that targetthese emerging targets will be critical in improving canceroutcomes for patients.Reference:Contact 018SF|Image:Totojang/Getty Images/iSEmerging Targets:Cancer Therapy(April 2023)