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1、INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY then limit access to the Chinese market of foreign firms while supporting domestic firms with a panoply of support, including grants, tax breaks, favorable lending deals, discriminator government procurement, and other tools; and finally, support “going out” to gain global mar
2、ket share outside of China. The unfair takeover of the Chinese market by Chinese Internet firms is a done deal. There is likely little American Internet firms can do to gain significant market access there, even if China INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY “Infographic: Amazons Biggest Acquisitions” (CB Insights
3、, June 19, 2019), 9. Tingyi Chen, “2019 Social Media Report” (WalktheChat, April 6, 2020), 10. Ibid. 11. Ibid. 12. Jon Russell, “Chinas Tencent takes on the App Store with launch of mini programs for WeChat,” Tech Crunch, January 9, 2017, 13. Natalie Lui, “WeChat Mini Programs: The Complete Guide fo
4、r Business,” Dragon Social, June 19, 2020, Cision PR Newswire, “Tencent Announces 2019 Fourth Quarter and Annual Results,” news release, March 18, 2020, results-301026024.html. 14. CIW Team, “WeChat statistical highlights 2020; mini program DAU 300m,” China Internet Watch, March 18, 2020, 15. Song J
5、ingli, “The MAUs of WeChat, Alipay, and Baidus mini programs now add up to more than 1 billion,” KrAsia, June 20, 2019, https:/kr- programs-now-add-up-to-more-than-1-billion. 16. Katharina Buchholz, “Chinas Most Popular Digital Payment Services,” Statista, March 19, 2019, 17. “The one trillion USD e
6、Commerce market which keeps growing,” d-local, ecommerce-market/. 18. “The financial worlds nervous system is being rewired,” The Economist, May 7, 2020, being-rewired. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Eileen Yu, “Alibaba takes more cloud products global, eyes APAC growth,” ZDNet, August 15, 2018, apac-growth
7、/. 33. “Alibaba Clouds Global Infrastructure,” Alibaba, accessed July 26, 2020, 34. “US and Chinese cloud companies vie for dominance in south-east Asia,” Financial Times, 35. “Baidu Tops Chinas AI Public Cloud Services Market, According to IDC Report,” new release, AP, July 15, 2020, 36. “Tencent C
8、loud Global Infrastructure,” “Alibaba Clouds Global Infrastructure,” Alibaba; James Orme, “Baidu brings its cloud services to Singapore,” Techerati, August 20, 2019, services-to-singapore/; Sarah Dai, “Baidu expands cloud services in Singapore to catch up with rivals Alibaba, Tencent,” South China M
9、orning Post, August 29, 2019, catch-rivals-alibaba-tencent. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AWS and Microsoft Lead in Rest of APAC,” Synergy Research Group, March 27, 2020, companies-control-local-public-cloud-market-aws-and-microsoft-lead-rest-apac. 38. “Amazon Rita Liao, “China Roundup: Alibaba to add 5,00
10、0 staff to cloud unit,” Tech Crunch, June 14, 2020, china-alibaba-new-cloud-strategy/. 46. “Alibaba Clouds Competitors, Revenue, Number of Employees, Funding and Acquisitions,” accessed July 26, 2020, 47. Matt Kapko, “Huawei Pours $200M Into Cloud Computing,” SDxCentral, May 19, 2020, 48. Business W
11、ire, “Alibaba Group Announces March Quarter and Full Fiscal Year 2020 Results,” news release, May 22, 2020, March-Quarter-Full-Fiscal. 49. S. Mahadevan, “Indian govt cracks down on Alibaba, says goods cant be shipped as gifts,” The News Minute, January 5, 2019, alibaba-says-goods-can-t-be-shipped-gi
12、fts-94520. 50. Business Wire, “Alibaba Group Announces March Quarter and Full Fiscal Year 2020 Results,” news release, May 22, 2020, March-Quarter-Full-Fiscal. 51. Ibid. 52. Rita Liao, “Alibaba taps international influencers to sell more globally,” Tech Crunch, June 10, 2020, 53. London Stock Exchan
13、ge, “AliExpress Russia JV Deal Closing,” news release, October 9, 2019, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Tom Brennan, “AliExpress Russia JV Deal Closes,” Alizila, October 9, 2019, 54. Ryan McMorrow and Nian Liu, “How a pandemic led the world to start shopping on Alibaba,” Financial Times, April 28, 2020, c3ac
14、26291412. 55. Ibid. 56. Candy Cheng, “Alibabas President Called NY Governor Cuomo to Offer PPE,” Bloomberg, July 21, 2020, cuomo-to-offer-ppe. 57. Rita Liao, “Alibaba taps international influencers to sell more globally,” Tech Crunch, June 10, 2020, 58. Christine Chou, “Taobao Live Rethinks the Futu
15、re of Stores,” Alizila, April 1, 2020, 59. Ibid. 60. Shelley E. Kohan, “Fueled By Increased Consumer Comfort, Mobile Payments In The U.S. Will Exceed $130 Billion In 2020,” Forbes, March 1, 2020, mobile-payments-in-the-uswill-exceed-130-billion-in-2020/#5f88e9f544f2. 61. Megha Bahree, “Why Does Indi
16、a Have One Wary Eye On Investments From China?” Forbes, April 29, 2020, eye-on-investments-from-china/#43c64172fb2f. 62. Jane Li, “How Chinas Alibaba and Tencent are divvying up Indias unicorns,” Quartz India, December 16, 2019, up-indias-unicorns/. 63. Joe Ngai, “Overseas Expansion is Logical Step
17、for Alipay as Chinas Fintech Sector Continues to Expand Presence in Asia, McKinsey WeChat MAUs up 11% to 1.098 billion,” China Internet Watch, March 21, 2019, 76. Paige Leskin, “Inside the rise of TikTok, the viral video-sharing app that US officials are threatening to ban due to its ties to China,”
18、 Business Insider, July 13, 2020, 77. Kevin Tran, “Social video app Musical.ly acquired for up to $1 billion,” Business Insider, November 13, 2017, to-1-billion-2017-11. 78. Todd Spangler, “Musical.ly Is Going Away: Users to Be Shifted to Bytedances TikTok Video App,” Variety, August 2, 2018, byteda
19、nce-1202893205/. 79. Mike Vorhaus, “ByteDance, Chinese Digital Giant and Owner of TikTok, Reported to Have Revenues of $17 Billion,” Forbes, May 27, 2020, of-tiktok-reported-to-have-revenues-of-17-billion/. 80. Craig Chapple, “TikTok Crosses 2 Billion Downloads After Best Quarter For Any App Ever,”
20、Sensor Tower Blog, April 29, 2020, 81. Mike Vorhaus, “ByteDance, Chinese Digital Giant and Owner of TikTok, Reported to Have Revenues of $17 Billion”; Yingzhi Yang and Julie Zhu, “TikTok owner ByteDance first-quarter revenue soared to around $5.6 billion,” Reuters, June 17, 2020, soared-to-around-56
21、-billion-idUSKBN23O114. 82. Shubham Agarwal, “TikTok isnt paying its biggest stars, but they dont really care,” Digital Trends, June 4, 2020, strategy-analysis/. 83. Craig Chapple, “TikTok Crosses 2 Billion Downloads After Best Quarter For Any App Ever,” Sensor Tower Blog, April 29, 2020, 84. John H
22、errman, “How TikTok is Rewriting the World,” The New York Times, March 10, 2019, 85. Alex Hern, “Revealed: how TikTok censors videos that do not please Beijing,” The Guardian, September 25, 2019, censors-videos-that-do-not-please-beijing. 86. Drew Harwell, and Tony Romm, “Inside TikTok: A culture cl
23、ash where U.S. views about censorship often were overridden by the Chinese bosses,” The Washington Post, November 5, 2019, views-about-censorship-often-were-overridden-by-chinese-bosses/. 87. Ishita Guha and Prasid Banerjee, “Govt bans 59 Chinese apps on security concerns, including apps from TikTok
24、, Xiami,” Livemint, June 30, 2020, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY WeChat MAU up 6% to 1.16 billion” China Internet Watch, March 18, 2020, 96. OES Admin, “LOL Revenue Reaches $1.5 Billion in 2019,” , January 4, 2020, Allegra Frank, “Riot Games now owned entirely by Tencent,” Polygon, December 16, 2015, 97. B
25、en Gilbert, “The biggest game company in the world isnt Nintendo its a Chinese company that has a piece of everything from Fortnite to League of Legends,” Business Insider, October 14, 2019, 98. Dean Takahashi, “Supercells off year: revenues of $1.56 billion and profits of $577 million,” VentureBeat
26、, February 11, 2020, revenues-of-1-56-billion-and-profits-of-577-million/. 99. Leo Sun, “Will Tencent Reduce Its Dependence on China by Investing in Japan?” The Motley Fool, June 15, 2020, china-invest-japan.aspx. 100. Craig Chapple, “PUBG Mobile Doubles Lifetime Revenue to $3 Billion in Just Seven
27、Months,” Sensor Tower Blog, July 2, 2020, 101. Rita Liao, “China Roundup: Tencents new US gaming studio and WeChats new paywall,” Tech Crunch, January 19, 2020, tencent-us-game-studio/. 102. Tom Mitchell, “Mastercard wins approval to enter Chinese payments market,” Financial Times, February 11, 2020
28、, 103. Nigel Cory, “The Worst Innovation Mercantilist Policies of 2016” (ITIF, January 2017), http:/www2.itif.org/2017-worst-innovation-mercantilist-policies.pdf. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION FOUNDATION | NOVEMBER 2020 PAGE 23 104. Robert D. Atkinson, “How Chinas Mercantilist Policies Have Un
29、dermined Global Innovation in the Telecom Equipment Industry” (ITIF, June 2020), https:/itif.org/publications/2020/06/22/how- chinas-mercantilist-policies-have-undermined-global-innovation-telecom. 105. U.S. Agency for International Development, “USAIDs Digital Strategy,” June 24, 2020, https:/www.u
30、said.gov/usaid-digital-strategy. 106. U.S. Department of Commerce, “U.S. Secretary of Commerce Penny Pritzker Launches Digital Attach Program to Address Trade Barriers,” news release, March 11, 2016, merce.gov/news/press-releases/2016/03/us-secretary-commerce-penny- pritzkerlaunches-digital-attache-program.